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Multidimensionality of agricultural grain road freight price: a multiple linear regression model approach by variable selection
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Macarringue, Alcília Mena José Sitoe

; Oliveira, Andréa Leda Ramos de

; Dias, Carlos Tadeu dos Santos

; Marsola, Karina Braga

Ciência Rural

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2024, Volume 54 N. 4 elocation e20220335

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT: The road system is the main mode used for the transportation of agricultural cargo, and in some cases, it is the only option for handling this type of product. This dependence means that the implementation of tools to support the management of logistical costs can reduce the financial impact with the transport felt by the economic agents operating in the soybean chain. This study contributed to a better understanding of the variables that make up the cost of road freight, generating a system of road freight prediction from a multiple linear regression model using the selection of variables Stepwise, Forward, and Backward elimination. This being said, this research intends to evaluate whether the behavior of soybean road freight is influenced by the variables that make up the productive, economic, and infrastructure dimensions in price formation. The regression models had an explanatory power of 87.20%. In the infrastructure dimension, the most impact variable in soybean road freight was the distance traveled; in the economic dimension, the variables of inflation and fuel price stood out; while in the productive dimension, the main contribution was the volume of production. A more assertive predictability of logistical costs and better understanding of the dynamics of freight price formation helps industry agents in planning and decision-making. Another contribution of this study is that it can be used as a practical tool for predicting soybean road freight on several transportation routes.

RESUMO: O sistema rodoviário é o principal modal utilizado para o transporte de cargas agrícolas, e em alguns casos, é a única opção para movimentação desse tipo de produto. Esta dependência faz com que a implementação de ferramentas para apoiar a gestão dos custos logísticos possa reduzir o impacto financeiro com o transporte sentido pelos agentes econômicos que atuam na cadeia da soja. O presente trabalho visa contribuir para um melhor entendimento das variáveis que compõem o custo dos fretes rodoviários, gerando um sistema de previsão de fretes rodoviários a partir de um modelo de regressão linear múltipla usando a seleção de variáveis Stepwise, Forward e a eliminação Backward. Isto posto, a pesquisa tem por objetivo avaliar se o comportamento do frete rodoviário da soja é influenciado pelas variáveis que compõem as dimensões produtivas, econômicas e de infraestrutura na formação do preço. Os modelos de regressão tiveram um poder explicativo de 87,20%. Na dimensão infraestrutura o destaque foi a variável distância percorrida como a mais impactante no frete rodoviário da soja, na dimensão econômica as variáveis inflação e preço do combustível, enquanto que na dimensão produtiva a principal contribuição foi o volume de produção. A previsibilidade mais assertiva dos custos logísticos e melhor compreensão da dinâmica de formação do preço do frete auxilia os agentes do setor no planejamento e na tomada de decisão. Outra contribuição deste trabalho é que pode ser usado como uma ferramenta prática para a predição de fretes rodoviários da soja em diversas rotas de transporte.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20220335

Diretrizes Brasileiras para o tratamento farmacológico de pacientes hospitalizados com COVID-19: Diretriz conjunta da Associação Brasileira de Medicina de Emergência, Associação de Medicina Intensiva Brasileira, Associação Médica Brasileira, Sociedade Brasileira de Angiologia e Cirurgia Vascular, Sociedade Brasileira de Infectologia, Sociedade Brasileira de Pneumologia e Tisiologia e Sociedade Brasileira de Reumatologia
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Falavigna, Maicon

; Stein, Cinara

; Amaral, José Luiz Gomes do

; Azevedo, Luciano Cesar Pontes de

; Belli, Karlyse Claudino

; Colpani, Verônica

; Cunha, Clóvis Arns da

; Dal-Pizzol, Felipe

; Dias, Maria Beatriz Souza

; Ferreira, Juliana Carvalho

; Freitas, Ana Paula da Rocha

; Gräf, Débora Dalmas

; Guimarães, Hélio Penna

; Lobo, Suzana Margareth Ajeje

; Monteiro, José Tadeu

; Nunes, Michelle Silva

; Oliveira, Maura Salaroli de

; Prado, Clementina Corah Lucas

; Santos, Vania Cristina Canuto

; Silva, Rosemeri Maurici da

; Sobreira, Marcone Lima

; Veiga, Viviane Cordeiro

; Vidal, Ávila Teixeira

; Xavier, Ricardo Machado

; Zavascki, Alexandre Prehn

; Machado, Flávia Ribeiro

; Carvalho, Carlos Roberto Ribeiro de

Revista Brasileira de Terapia Intensiva

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mar 2022, Volume 34 N. 1 Pages 1 - 12

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivos: Há diversas terapias sendo utilizadas ou propostas para a COVID-19, muitas carecendo de apropriada avaliação de efetividade e segurança. O propósito deste documento é elaborar recomendações para subsidiar decisões sobre o tratamento farmacológico de pacientes hospitalizados com COVID-19 no Brasil. Métodos: Um grupo de 27 membros, formado por especialistas, representantes do Ministério da Saúde e metodologistas, integra essa diretriz. Foi utilizado o método de elaboração de diretrizes rápidas, tomando por base a adoção e/ou a adaptação de recomendações a partir de diretrizes internacionais existentes (GRADE ADOLOPMENT), apoiadas pela plataforma e-COVID-19 RecMap. A qualidade das evidências e a elaboração das recomendações seguiram o método GRADE. Resultados: Foram geradas 16 recomendações. Entre elas, estão recomendações fortes para o uso de corticosteroides em pacientes em uso de oxigênio suplementar, para o uso de anticoagulantes em doses de profilaxia para tromboembolismo e para não uso de antibacterianos nos pacientes sem suspeita de infecção bacteriana. Não foi possível fazer uma recomendação quanto à utilização do tocilizumabe em pacientes hospitalizados com COVID-19 em uso de oxigênio, pelas incertezas na disponibilidade e de acesso ao medicamento. Foi feita recomendação para não usar azitromicina, casirivimabe + imdevimabe, cloroquina, colchicina, hidroxicloroquina, ivermectina, lopinavir/ ritonavir, plasma convalescente e rendesivir. Conclusão: Até o momento, poucas terapias se provaram efetivas no tratamento do paciente hospitalizado com COVID-19, sendo recomendados apenas corticosteroides e profilaxia para tromboembolismo. Diversos medicamentos foram considerados ineficazes, devendo ser descartados, de forma a oferecer o melhor tratamento pelos princípios da medicina baseada em evidências e promover economia de recursos não eficazes.

ABSTRACT Objective: Several therapies are being used or proposed for COVID-19, and many lack appropriate evaluations of their effectiveness and safety. The purpose of this document is to develop recommendations to support decisions regarding the pharmacological treatment of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in Brazil. Methods: A group of 27 experts, including representatives of the Ministry of Health and methodologists, created this guideline. The method used for the rapid development of guidelines was based on the adoption and/or adaptation of existing international guidelines (GRADE ADOLOPMENT) and supported by the e-COVID-19 RecMap platform. The quality of the evidence and the preparation of the recommendations followed the GRADE method. Results: Sixteen recommendations were generated. They include strong recommendations for the use of corticosteroids in patients using supplemental oxygen, the use of anticoagulants at prophylactic doses to prevent thromboembolism and the nonuse of antibiotics in patients without suspected bacterial infection. It was not possible to make a recommendation regarding the use of tocilizumab in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 using oxygen due to uncertainties regarding the availability of and access to the drug. Strong recommendations against the use of hydroxychloroquine, convalescent plasma, colchicine, lopinavir + ritonavir and antibiotics in patients without suspected bacterial infection and also conditional recommendations against the use of casirivimab + imdevimab, ivermectin and rendesivir were made. Conclusion: To date, few therapies have proven effective in the treatment of hospitalized patients with COVID-19, and only corticosteroids and prophylaxis for thromboembolism are recommended. Several drugs were considered ineffective and should not be used to provide the best treatment according to the principles of evidence-based medicine and promote economical resource use.

https://doi.org/10.5935/0103-507x.20220001-pt

Brazilian guidelines for the treatment of outpatients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19. A joint guideline of the Brazilian Association of Emergency Medicine (ABRAMEDE), Brazilian Medical Association (AMB), Brazilian Society of Angiology and Vascular Surgery (SBACV), Brazilian Society of Geriatrics and Gerontology (SBGG), Brazilian Society of Infectious Diseases (SBI), Brazilian Society of Family and Community Medicine (SBFMC), and Brazilian Thoracic Society (SBPT)
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Falavigna, Maicon

; Belli, Karlyse Claudino

; Barbosa, Alexandre Naime

; Zavascki, Alexandre Prehn

; Nastri, Ana Catharina de Seixas Santos

; Santana, Christiane Machado

; Stein, Cinara

; Gräf, Débora Dalmas

; Cadegiani, Flavio Adsuara

; Guimarães, Hélio Penna

; Monteiro, José Tadeu

; Ferreira, Juliana Carvalho

; de Azevedo, Luciano Cesar Pontes

; Magri, Marcelo Mihailenko Chaves

; Sobreira, Marcone Lima

; Dias, Maria Beatriz Gandra de Souza

; de Oliveira, Maura Salaroli

; Corradi, Mirian de Freitas Dal Ben

; Rosa, Regis

; Heinzelmann, Ricardo Souza

; da Silva, Rosemeri Maurici

; Belfort Junior, Rubens

; Cimerman, Sergio

; Colpani, Verônica

; Veiga, Viviane Cordeiro

; de Carvalho, Carlos Roberto Ribeiro

Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases

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2022, Volume 26 N. 2 elocation 102347

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Background Several therapies have been used or proposed for the treatment of COVID-19, although their effectiveness and safety have not been properly evaluated. The purpose of this document is to provide recommendations to support decisions about the drug treatment of outpatients with COVID-19 in Brazil. Methods A panel consisting of experts from different clinical fields, representatives of the Brazilian Ministry of Health, and methodologists (37 members in total) was responsible for preparing these guidelines. A rapid guideline development method was used, based on the adoption and/or adaptation of recommendations from existing international guidelines combined with additional structured searches for primary studies and new recommendations whenever necessary (GRADE-ADOLOPMENT). The rating of quality of evidence and the drafting of recommendations followed the GRADE method. Results Ten technologies were evaluated, and 10 recommendations were prepared. Recommendations were made against the use of anticoagulants, azithromycin, budesonide, colchicine, corticosteroids, hydroxychloroquine/chloroquine alone or combined with azithromycin, ivermectin, nitazoxanide, and convalescent plasma. It was not possible to make a recommendation regarding the use of monoclonal antibodies in outpatients, as their benefit is uncertain and their cost is high, with limitations of availability and implementation. Conclusion To date, few therapies have demonstrated effectiveness in the treatment of outpatients with COVID-19. Recommendations are restricted to what should not be used, in order to provide the best treatment according to the principles of evidence-based medicine and to promote resource savings by aboiding ineffective treatments.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjid.2022.102347

Sources of polyunsaturated fatty acids from oilseeds in dairy cows diets can alter yield of and fatty acid profile in milk
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WANDERLEY, Alysson Martins

; ÍTAVO, Luís Carlos Vinhas

; SANTOS, Geraldo Tadeu dos

; ÍTAVO, Camila Celeste Brandão Ferreira

; DIAS, Alexandre Menezes

; DIFANTE, Gelson dos Santos

; GURGEL, Antonio Leandro Chaves

; CUNHA, Camila Soares

; MATEUS, Rodrigo Gonçalves

; CARDOSO, Claudia Andréa Lima

; OLIVEIRA, Marcus Vinícius Moraes de

Food Science and Technology

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2022, Volume 42 elocation e119021

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Our hypothesis was that different sources of unsaturated fatty acids from oilseeds (sunflower, soybeans, and cottonseed) could alter milk yield, fatty acid profile, and the amount of unsaturated fatty acids yielded in milk. It aimed to evaluate the effects of lipid sources on yield and composition and fatty acids in milk of primiparous Girolando cows. Five cows in lactation (35 ± 8 days), with 410 ± 7.15 kg BW were randomly distributed in a 5 x 5 Latin square. Five experimental diets, namely a control diet without an additional source of lipid and four diets with different lipid sources: cottonseed, sunflower seed, whole soybean, or soybean oil, as lipid source, to reach 70 g/kg of ethereal extract dry matter basis were used. Cottonseed and soybean oil addition reduced daily yield by 15 and 22%. Oilseed can alter fatty acid profile in milk. Whole soybean provided greater daily milk and fatty acids yields.

https://doi.org/10.1590/fst.119021

Fatores solúveis de células-tronco mesenquimais (FS-CTM) como uma ferramenta potencial para reduzir a inflamação nos pulmões de doadores após choque hipovolêmico
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Dias, Vinicius Luderer

; Braga, Karina Andrighetti de Oliveira

; Nepomuceno, Natalia Aparecida

; Ruiz, Liliane Moreira

; Perez, Juan David Ruiz

; Correia, Aristides Tadeu

; Caires Junior, Luiz Carlos de

; Goulart, Ernesto

; Zatz, Mayana

; Pêgo-Fernandes, Paulo Manuel

Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia

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2021, Volume 47 N. 4 elocation e20200452

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivo A escassez de pulmões viáveis ainda é um grande obstáculo para o transplante. As vítimas de trauma, que constituem potenciais doadores de pulmão, comumente apresentam choque hipovolêmico que acarreta inflamação e deterioração pulmonar e rejeição após o transplante. Buscando melhorar o enxerto pulmonar, testaram-se novas abordagens ao tratamento do doador. Este estudo foca o tratamento com células-tronco mesenquimais (CTMs) ou fatores solúveis produzidos pelas CTMs (FS-CTMs), usando um modelo com ratos para doadores de pulmão após choque hemorrágico. Métodos Quarenta e oito ratos foram divididos em quatro grupos: Controle (n=12), animais sem indução de choque hipovolêmico; Choque (n=12), animais submetidos a choque hipovolêmico (pressão arterial média de 40 mmHg); CTM (n=12), animais submetidos a choque hipovolêmico e tratados com CTMs; e FS (n=12), animais submetidos a choque hipovolêmico e tratados com FS-CTMs. Os animais foram submetidos a um procedimento de choque hipovolêmico (40 mmHg) com 50 minutos de duração. Os animais tratados foram monitorados por 115 minutos. Realizamos análise histopatológica do tecido pulmonar e quantificação dos marcadores inflamatórios (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, iCAM e vCAM) no tecido pulmonar e leucócitos no sangue periférico (LSPs). Resultados O choque hemorrágico resultou em taxas mais altas de LSPs e infiltrado de neutrófilos nos pulmões. Os animais do grupo FS apresentaram menor densidade de neutrófilos em comparação com os animais dos grupos Choque e CTM (p<0,001). Não foram observadas diferenças entre os grupos quanto aos níveis de citocinas no tecido pulmonar. Conclusão Os pulmões dos ratos submetidos a choque hemorrágico e tratados com FS-CTM apresentaram inflamação reduzida indicada por uma diminuição do infiltrado de neutrófilos nos pulmões.

ABSTRACT Objective The shortage of viable lungs is still a major obstacle for transplantation. Trauma victims who represent potential lung donors commonly present hypovolemic shock leading to pulmonary inflammation and deterioration and rejection after transplantation. Seeking to improve lung graft, new approaches to donor treatment have been tested. This study focuses on treatment with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) or soluble factors produced by MSCs (FS-MSC) using a rat model for lung donors after hemorrhagic shock. Methods Forty-eight rats were divided into four groups: Sham (n=12), animals without induction of hypovolemic shock; Shock (n=12), animals submitted to hypovolemic shock (mean arterial pressure 40 mmHg); MSC (n=12), animals submitted to hypovolemic shock and treated with MSCs, and FS (n=12), animals submitted to hypovolemic shock and treated with FS-MSC. The animals were subjected to a 50-minute hypovolemic shock (40 mmHg) procedure. The treated animals were monitored for 115 minutes. We performed histopathology of lung tissue and quantification of inflammatory markers (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, iCAM and vCAM) in lung tissue and peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs). Results Hemorrhagic shock resulted in higher PBLs and neutrophil infiltrate in the lungs. FS animals had lower neutrophil density comparing with Shock and MSC animals (p<0.001). No differences in the cytokine levels in lung tissue were observed between the groups. Conclusions The lungs of rats submitted to hemorrhagic shock and treated with FS-MSC showed reduced inflammation indicated in a decrease in lung neutrophil infiltrate.

https://doi.org/10.36416/1806-3756/e20200452

Spatiotemporal analysis of distribution of pest and predator in corn crops
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Mello, Marcello Neiva de

; Dias, Carlos Tadeu dos Santos

; Medeiros, Elias Silva de

; Martins, Ivan Carlos Fernandes

; Campos, Lourival Dias

Arquivos do Instituto Biológico

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2021, Volume 88 elocation e00332020

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Crop pests have negative impacts on yield. This paper proposes a spatiotemporal geostatistical modeling to compare data of adult Syrphidae fly count and corn leaf aphid Rhopalosiphum maidis (Fitch, 1856) colonies in corn crops. The use of a geostatistical model that allows the space-time variation makes the approach more interesting because it is a more complete model. Multiple regression was used to model the trend component for the variable response adult Syrphidae fly count and corn leaf aphid colonies, with the coordinates serving as covariates and the spatiotemporal variations around the deviation are described by a random spacetime residual field. Finally, the prediction map obtained by kriging may be a biological indicator of possible corn leaf aphid colonies in the corn crop. It was possible to verify that the occurrence of the pest provided a significant increase in adult predators and seminatural habitats may favor populations of natural enemies.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1808-1657000332020 1 downloads

A statistical approach to static and dynamic tests for Global Navigation Satellite Systems receivers used in agricultural operations
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Maldaner, Leonardo Felipe

; Canata, Tatiana Fernanda

; Dias, Carlos Tadeu dos Santos

; Molin, José Paulo

Scientia Agricola

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2021, Volume 78 N. 5 elocation e20190252

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT: The adaptation of the Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) technology to fit the needs of farmers requires knowledge of the accuracy level delivered by a GNSS receiver in working conditions. To date, no methodology indicates the minimum number of replications to perform a statistical comparison. This study aims to advance knowledge on the methodological approach for evaluating the static and dynamic performance of GNSS receivers commonly used in agricultural operations. For the static test, a supporting frame in the ground carried all the receivers with coordinates properly transported. In the dynamic test, a circular rail with a 9.55 m radius was installed at ground level with a platform driven by an electric motor to carry the receivers at a constant speed. The transversal error of the receiver to the circular reference line was measured. The error with 95 % probability (E95) to receivers without differential correction ranged between 4.22 m and 0.85 m in the static test, and 2.25 m and 0.98 m in the dynamic test. Receivers with differential correction had E95 values below 0.10 m in the static test and 0.16 m in the dynamic test. Receivers with C/A code require five replications at minimum and 13 replications are needed for L1/L2 with differential correction signals in the dynamic test. The static test needs nine replications for C/A and five for L1/L2 with differential correction signals.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-992x-2019-0252 1048 downloads

Tree legumes with fertilizer potential: a multivariate approach
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Oliveira, Francisco Ronaldo Alves de

; Dias, Carlos Tadeu dos Santos

; Souza, Henrique Antunes de

; Lima, Breno Leonan de Carvalho

; Costa, Mirian Cristina Gomes

Revista Ciência Agronômica

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2021, Volume 52 N. 1 elocation e20196831

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivou-se avaliar, por meio de análise multivariada de dados, quais resíduos de leguminosas arbóreas tem melhor potencial fertilizante para culturas agrícolas no semiárido nordestino brasileiro. O experimento foi conduzido em vasos, em delineamento aleatorizado em blocos, com sete tratamentos e quatro repetições. Para constituir os tratamentos utilizaram-se resíduos de sabiá, jurema-preta e gliricídia; além de duas partes da planta: folhas e folhas mais galhos. Os vasos foram preenchidos com 8,0 dm3 de solo e os resíduos foram adicionados na forma de massa verde, correspondendo a 73,0 g de massa seca por vaso. Sementes de milho foram semeadas e aos 65 dias após adição dos resíduos avaliou-se atributos químicos do solo, crescimento e teores de nutrientes das plantas. Os dados foram estudados por meio das análises de componentes principais, agrupamento, função discriminante canônica e teste de comparação de médias a partir da varável canônica 1. Resíduos de gliricídia influenciaram positivamente K e Mg do solo, bem como altura, diâmetro do caule, número de folhas e teores foliares de P, N e Mg em plantas de milho. Estes resíduos apresentaram maior dissimilaridade e separação em relação ao tratamento controle e proporcionaram médias estatisticamente superiores aos demais tratamentos. Folhas de jurema-preta influenciaram positivamente Ca, N e COT do solo, bem como teores foliares de K e Ca e matéria seca total do milho. A análise estatística multivariada permitiu identificar potenciais distintos entre resíduos de leguminosas para uso como fertilizante na cultura do milho, sendo a espécie gliricídia a que apresenta maior potencial.

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate, through multivariate data analysis, which tree legume residues have the best fertilizer potential for agricultural crops in the semi-arid region of northeastern Brazil. The experiment was conducted in pots, in a randomized block design, with seven treatments and four replicates. Treatments consisted of residues of Sabiá, Jurema Preta and Gliricidia, besides two parts of the plant: leaves and leaves + branches. The pots were filled with 8.0 dm3 of soil and the residues were added in the form of green mass, corresponding to 73.0 g of dry mass per pot. Maize seeds were sown and, at 65 days after addition of the residues, soil chemical attributes, growth and nutrient contents in the plants were evaluated. The data were studied through principal component analysis, clustering analysis, canonical discriminant function analysis and means comparison test from canonical variable 1. Gliricidia residues positively influenced soil K and Mg contents, as well as height, stem diameter, number of leaves and leaf contents of P, N and Mg in maize plants. These residues showed greater dissimilarity and separation compared to the control treatment and led to statistically higher means compared to the other treatments. Jurema Preta leaves positively influenced soil Ca, N and TOC, as well as leaf contents of K and Ca and total dry mass of maize. Multivariate statistical analysis made it possible to identify distinct potentials among legume residues for use as fertilizer in maize crop, and Gliricidia is the species with highest potential.

https://doi.org/10.5935/1806-6690.20210002 81 downloads

INSECTICIDE APPLICATION SPEED IN THE CONTROL OF LEPIDOPTERAN PESTS IN SOYBEAN1
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CAMARGO, LENIO CESAR MORAES DE

; GARCIA, DANILO DE BRITO

; SAAB, OTÁVIO JORGE GRÍGOLI ABI

; PASINI, AMARILDO

; SARTI, DANILO AUGUSTO

; DIAS, CARLOS TADEU DOS SANTOS

Revista Caatinga

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mar 2020, Volume 33 N. 1 Pages 72 - 80

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Durante o controle químico de insetos, doenças e plantas daninhas, dá-se muita importância ao produto fitossanitário e pouca atenção à técnica de aplicação. O controle de pragas da soja não escapa à regra geral e, dessa forma, algumas pragas ditas como secundárias, e até mesmo inexistentes, passaram a ser responsáveis por grandes prejuízos. O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar a aplicação de inseticida em diferentes velocidades (5 e 16 km h-1) variando as taxas da aplicação entre 108 a 110 e 199 a 216 L ha-1 para quantificar a diferença na porcentagem de cobertura do inseticida aplicado no dossel de plantas de soja e verificar a influência desses fatores em parâmetros de eficácia para o controle das lagartas (Helicoverpa armigera e Chrysodeixis includens). De modo geral, a maior cobertura foliar pelo inseticida foi observada no terço superior do dossel, independente da taxa e velocidade de aplicação, refletindo em menores injúrias foliares. Para os terços médio e inferior, a diminuição da velocidade teve mais influência na diminuição do dano foliar do que o aumento do volume.

ABSTRACT During the chemical control of pests, diseases and weeds, great importance is given to the phytosanitary product and little attention to the application technology. The control of soybean pests did not escape the general rule and, therefore, some pests known as secondary, and even nonexistent, became responsible for great damage to the soybean crop. The objective of this work was to test the application of insecticide at different speeds (5 and 16 km h-1) by varying the rates of application in 108 to 110 and 199 to 216 L ha-1 to quantify the difference in the coverage percentage of the applied insecticide in the canopy of soybean plants, and to verify the interaction of these factors with efficacy parameters for the control of caterpillars (Helicoverpa armigera and Chrysodeixis includens). In general, the highest leaf coverage by the insecticide was observed in the upper part of the canopy, regardless of the rate and speed of application, resulting in lower leaf damage. For the middle and lower thirds of the plant, the decrease in speed influenced more the decrease in leaf damage by the caterpillars than the increase in the spray volume.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252020v33n108rc 948 downloads

10.

Effects of desensitizing products on the reduction of pain sensitivity caused by in-office tooth bleaching: a 24-week follow-up
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PIEROTE, Josué Junior Araujo

; PRIETO, Lucia Trazzi

; DIAS, Carlos Tadeu dos Santos

; CÂMARA, João Victor Frazão

; LIMA, Débora Alves Nunes Leite

; AGUIAR, Flávio Henrique Baggio

; PAULILLO, Luis Alexandre Maffei Sartini

Journal of Applied Oral Science

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2020, Volume 28 elocation e20190755

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Objective To clinically assess the effect of desensitizing gels and dentifrices on the reduction in pain sensitivity and color variation during tooth bleaching. Methodology A total of 108 volunteers were randomly separated into the following groups of n=12: GT/S-glycerine and thickener/sucralose; NF/S-potassium nitrate and sodium fluoride/sucralose; NA/S-potassium nitrate and arginine/sucralose; GT/AC-glycerine and thickener/arginine and calcium carbonate; NF/AC-potassium nitrate and sodium fluoride/arginine and calcium carbonate; NA/AC-potassium nitrate and arginine/arginine and calcium carbonate; GT/PN-glycerine and thickener/potassium nitrate; NF/PN-potassium nitrate and sodium fluoride/potassium nitrate; and NA/PN-potassium nitrate and arginine/potassium nitrate. Sensitivity was assessed with the numerical analogue scale, and color variation (ΔE) was measured with a spectrophotometer. The sensitivity values obtained were subjected to a multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and color variation values were subjected to a randomized analysis of variance (p<0.05). Results The NF/AC, NA/AC, NF/PN, and NA/PN groups presented lower sensitivity values and reduced sensitivity compared to those of the other groups throughout the clinical sessions. None of the groups showed sensitivity at the 24-week assessment. Statistically, no significant difference were observed in the color values among the groups four weeks after the beginning of bleaching (p=0.074). Additionally, the color assessment of all groups was statistically similar four weeks (p=0.084) and 24 weeks (p=0.118) after the beginning. Conclusion Our results indicate that adding NF/S, NA/S, NF/AC, and NA/AC desensitizers to tooth bleaching protocols reduces pain sensitivity without affecting its effectiveness.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-7757-2019-0755 1281 downloads

11.

Climate risk and seasonal forage production of Marandu palisadegrass in Brazil
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BRUNETTI, HENRIQUE B.

; CAVALCANTI, PÓRTYA P.

; DIAS, CARLOS TADEU S.

; PEZZOPANE, JOSÉ RICARDO M.

; SANTOS, PATRÍCIA M.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2020, Volume 92 N. 3 elocation e20190046

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract This study aimed to characterize Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu seasonal production (seasonality) and its variation (climate risk) yearlong throughout Brazil. Data from weather stations in Brazil (1963-2009), were associated with an empirical herbage accumulation rate (HAR; kg DM ha-1 day-1) model which considers growing degree-days adjusted by a drought attenuation index. Simulations were performed under 20, 40, 60 and 100 mm of soil water holding capacities (SWHCs). HAR’s means and standard deviations were calculated for the seasons of the year. Thereafter, cluster analysis and calculations were performed to gather similar weather stations and characterize seasonality and climate risk indexes. Cluster analysis resulted in four Groups per SWHC. The north of Brazil (Group 1) presented the lowest seasonality and climate risk indexes and low need for precautions. In the middle west (Group 2), the seasonality index ranged from medium-high to high. Winter and Summer presented the lowest and highest production, respectively. In the south of Brazil, some regions in the southeast and northeast (Group 3), Winter presented the lowest production and highest climate risk index, probably due to low temperatures. The northeast (Group 4) presented a seasonality index that ranged from medium-high to very high and low productions.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202020190046 877 downloads

12.

Identification of physiological analysis parameters associated with coffee beverage quality
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Freitas, Marcella Nunes de

; Rosa, Sttela Dellyzete Veiga Franco da

; Pereira, Cristiane Carvalho

; Malta, Marcelo Ribeiro

; Dias, Carlos Tadeu dos Santos

Ciência e Agrotecnologia

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2020, Volume 44 elocation e031019

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO A demanda por cafés com alta qualidade pelos consumidores tem gerado um grande interesse dos produtores em atender esse mercado. Análises fisiológicas que podem ser associadas com a análise sensorial do café podem garantir resultados mais confiáveis para a avaliação da qualidade do café. Objetivou-se com o estudo investigar o potencial de utilização das análises fisiológicas na determinação da qualidade do café, por meio da aplicação de análises multivariadas. Lotes de grãos de café foram colocados sob armazenamento em câmara a 10 ºC, e então foram realizadas avaliações da qualidade sensorial e fisiológica e das características químicas dos grãos antes do armazenamento e após três e seis meses de armazenamento. As variáveis de qualidade fisiológica dos grãos de café foram correlacionadas com a análise sensorial da bebida. A viabilidade dos embriões de café analisada pelo teste de tetrazólio foi positivamente correlacionada com a nota final da análise sensorial. Há correlação da matéria seca das raízes, matéria seca do hipocótilo, lixiviação de potássio e condutividade elétrica com os atributos sensoriais que compõem a nota final da análise sensorial dos grãos de café. 97,14% da variação da nota final da análise sensorial foi explicada pelas variáveis de emergência radicular (r2 = 2.27%), plântulas normais fortes (r2 = 0.56%), plântulas com folhas cotiledonares expandidas (r2 = 0.53%), teste de tetrazólio (r2 = 91.54%) e lixiviação de potássio (r2 = 2.24%). Mais estudos são necessários para permitir o uso das análises fisiológicas para complementar a análise sensorial da bebida.

ABSTRACT The demand for high-quality coffee among consumers has generated a great deal of interest among producers in serving this market. Parameters for physiological analyses that can be associated with aspects of sensory analyses of coffee can ensure more reliable results for coffee quality assessments. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of physiological analyses in determining coffee quality through multivariate analysis. Several samples from coffee bean/seed lots were placed in cold storage at 10 °C, after which the sensory quality, physiological quality, and chemical characteristics of the beans were evaluated before storage and after three and six months of storage. The variables of physiological quality in the coffee beans were correlated with sensory analysis parameters. The viability of coffee embryos revealed by the tetrazolium test results were positively correlated with the final sensory analysis score. There was a correlation of root dry matter, hypocotyl dry matter, potassium leaching, and electrical conductivity with the sensory attributes that comprise the final sensory analysis score for the coffee beans. Variation in the final sensory analysis score was explained up to 97.14% by the variables radical emergence (r2 = 2.27%), strong normal seedlings, (r2 = 0.56%), seedlings with expanded cotyledonary leaves (r2 = 0.53%), tetrazolium test results (r2 = 91.54%), and potassium leaching (r2 = 2.24%). More studies are required to enable the use of physiological analyses to complement sensory analysis.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-7054202044031019 1365 downloads

13.

Initial performance of own-rooted and budded 'Sunraycer' nectarine plants
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Jimenes, Isabela Maria

; Mayer, Newton Alex

; Dias, Carlos Tadeu dos Santos

; Silva, Simone Rodrigues da

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira

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2020, Volume 55 elocation e00777

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho em campo de nectarineiras 'Sunraycer' autoenraizadas e sobre 13 porta-enxertos clonais. Para tanto, foram avaliados florescimento, brotação, maturidade dos frutos, vigor e produção. O intervalo entre o final do florescimento e a época da colheita foi menor para 'Sunraycer' sobre os porta-enxertos 'G x N.9', 'Santa Rosa' e 'Ishtara'. 'Flordaguard' e 'Ishtara' induziram o maior e o menor volume de copa, respectivamente. 'Flordaguard' resultou na maior produção, e 'Cadaman', na menor. Plantas 'Sunraycer' autoenraizadas produzem frutos de maior massa e podem ser uma alternativa para os produtores.

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the performance in the field of 'Sunraycer' nectarine plants when own rooted and budded onto 13 clonal rootstocks. For this, flowering, flushing, fruit maturity, vigor, and production were assessed. The time span between the end of flowering and the harvest period was shorter for 'Sunraycer' budded onto the 'G x N.9', 'Santa Rosa', and 'Ishtara' rootstocks. 'Flordaguard' and 'Ishtara' induced the largest and smallest canopy sizes, respectively. 'Flordaguard' resulted in the greatest production, and 'Cadaman', in the lowest. Own-rooted 'Sunraycer' plants produce heavier fruits and can be an alternative to growers.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2020.v55.00777 687 downloads

14.

Phosphate Sources and Filter Cake Amendment Affecting Sugarcane Yield and Soil Phosphorus Fractions
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Soltangheisi, Amin

; Santos, Valdevan Rosendo dos

; Franco, Henrique Coutinho Junqueira

; Kolln, Oriel

; Vitti, André Cesar

; Dias, Carlos Tadeu dos Santos

; Herrera, Wilfrand Ferney Bejarano

; Rodrigues, Marcos

; Soares, Thais de Marchi

; Withers, Paul John Anthony

; Pavinato, Paulo Sergio

Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo

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2019, Volume 43 elocation e0180227

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT: The use of mineral phosphate fertilizers associated with organic residues can improve fertilizer use efficiency and consequently decrease their usage costs. Soil application of filter cake (FC) can provide nutrients and enhance physical quality. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different phosphate fertilizers [rock phosphate (RP) and triple superphosphate (TSP)] applied at different rates (90 and 180 kg ha-1 P2O5) associated with filter cake (10 Mg ha-1 dry matter) on the soil phosphorus (P) fractions after two consecutive seasons of sugarcane in two distinct soils, sandy and clayey. Yield was significantly improved with FC addition in the first year in both soils, while inorganic P sources did not influence crop yield at either location and in both years. Organic and residual P forms were only slightly altered in the sandy soil. The most significant changes occurred in the labile and moderately labile P fractions in both soils. Filter cake was an effective source of nutrients for plant development, increasing the levels of soil available P and keeping it at agronomically adequate levels for up to two years, however it was not able to facilitate the P release from mineral fertilizers, irrespective of the source or rate.

https://doi.org/10.1590/18069657rbcs20180227 1901 downloads

15.

Carioca bean genotypes for tolerance to grain darkening by natural and accelerated methods
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Spitti, Acácia Mecejana Diniz Souza

; Carbonell, Sérgio Augusto Morais

; Dias, Carlos Tadeu dos Santos

; Sabino, Luis Gustavo

; Carvalho, Cássia Regina Limonta

; Chiorato, Alisson Fernando

Ciência e Agrotecnologia

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2019, Volume 43 elocation e012519

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O escurecimento lento de grãos é almejado por melhoristas de feijoeiro porque o consumidor considera que grãos mais escuros apresentarão maior tempo para cocção. A análise empregada atualmente leva ao redor de 90 dias para diferenciação da cor do grão entre os genótipos. Objetivou-se avaliar a cor em função do valor de L* (luminosidade) de feijoeiro do tipo carioca pelos métodos natural e acelerado para verificar equivalência entre os métodos, validação da metodologia e identificação de genótipos tolerantes ao escurecimento. O escurecimento de grãos foi comparado e avaliado pelo método de escurecimento natural em condições de prateleira, em dias de armazenamento, e pelo método de escurecimento acelerado, em condições de luz ultravioleta, em horas. O escurecimento natural de 90 dias foi estatisticamente igual a 24 horas de escurecimento acelerado, e a diferença entre os genótipos pôde ser obtida em menor tempo, indicando correspondência entre os métodos. O método de escurecimento acelerado pode ser utilizado para encurtar o tempo de análise na rotina dos programas de melhoramento.

ABSTRACT The slow darkening of grains is sought by bean breeders because the consumers consider that darker grains demand more time for cooking. The analysis currently used takes around 90 days to differentiate grain color among genotypes. The objective was to evaluate the color as a function of the value of L* (lightness) of carioca beans, by natural and accelerated methods to verify equivalence between methods, validation of the methodology and identification of genotypes tolerant to the darkening. The grain darkening was compared and evaluated by natural darkening method under shelf conditions, in days storage, and accelerated darkening method under ultraviolet light, in hours. The natural darkening time of 90 days was statistically equal to 24 hours of accelerated darkening, and the difference among the genotypes could be obtained in a shorter time, indicating a correspondence in the methods. The accelerated darkening method can be used to shorten the analysis time in the routine of breeding programs.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-7054201943012519 972 downloads

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