RESUMO Objetivo: compreender os significados de puérperas acerca das práticas educativas desenvolvidas em Centro de Parto Normal. Método: estudo descritivo-exploratório, de abordagem qualitativa, com 15 puérperas atendidas no Centro de Parto Normal Haydeê Pereira Sena, da região metropolitana do Pará, Brasil. Utilizou-se de entrevista semiestruturada, de agosto a novembro de 2020. Dados transcritos e submetidos à análise de conteúdo na modalidade temática. Resultados: constatou-se que as atividades desenvolvidas pelas enfermeiras obstétricas promovem elo para visibilidade do local enquanto serviço que busca acolhimento e apoio para mulheres, garantindo maior tranquilidade, confiança e respeito no momento do parto. Conclusão: os resultados traduzem a necessidade de incentivo às práticas educativas para garantir direitos e respeito às mulheres, como assistência de qualidade, ambiente acolhedor, agregador de tranquilidade e confiança para o parto normal. Assim, contribui de forma efetiva para a prática da enfermagem obstétrica com o impacto direto no cuidado de mulheres e famílias.

ABSTRACT Objective: to understand the meanings of postpartum women about the educational practices developed in a Normal Birth Center. Method: descriptive-exploratory study, of qualitative approach, with 15 postpartum women assisted at the Haydeê Pereira Sena Normal Childbirth Center, in the metropolitan region of Pará, Brazil. Semi structured interviews were used from August to November 2020. Data were transcribed and submitted to content analysis in the thematic modality. Results: it was found that the activities developed by the nurse midwives promote a link to the visibility of the site as a service that seeks to welcome and support women, ensuring greater tranquility, confidence, and respect at the time of birth. Conclusion: the results translate the need to encourage educational practices to ensure rights and respect for women, such as quality assistance, a welcoming environment, aggregating tranquility, and confidence for normal birth. Thus, it contributes effectively to the practice of obstetric nursing with direct impact on the care of women and families.

RESUMEN Objetivo: conocer los significados de las puérperas sobre las prácticas educativas desarrolladas en un Centro de Parto Normal. Método: estudio descriptivo-exploratorio, de abordaje cualitativo, con 15 puérperas atendidas en el Centro de Parto Normal Haydeê Pereira Sena, de la región metropolitana de Pará, Brasil. Se utilizó una entrevista semiestructurada, de agosto a noviembre de 2020. Datos transcritos y sometidos al análisis de contenido en la modalidad temática. Resultados: se encontró que las actividades desarrolladas por las enfermeras obstétricas promueven un vínculo con la visibilidad del lugar como un servicio que busca acoger y apoyar a las mujeres, garantizando mayor tranquilidad, confianza y respeto en el momento del parto. Conclusión: los resultados traducen la necesidad de incentivar las prácticas educativas para garantizar los derechos y el respeto a las mujeres, como la asistencia de calidad, el ambiente acogedor, la tranquilidad y la confianza para el parto normal. De este modo, contribuyó de forma eficaz a la práctica de la enfermería obstétrica con el impacto directo en el cuidado de las mujeres y las familias.

AbstractINTRODUCTION:Despite chemical and physical vector control strategies, persistent infestations of Triatoma sordida have been reported in a large part of Minas Gerais, Brazil, and the cause for this is little investigated. We aimed to characterize the deltamethrin toxicological profile in peridomestic T. sordidapopulations from Triângulo Mineiro area of Minas Gerais.METHODS:Susceptibility to deltamethrin was assessed in seventeen peridomestic T. sordida populations. Serial dilutions of deltamethrin in acetone (0.2µL) were topically applied on the first instar nymphs (F1; five days old; fasting weight, 1.2 ± 0.2mg). Dose response results were analyzed using Probit software, and the lethal doses, slope and resistance ratios were determined. Qualitative tests were also performed.RESULTS:The deltamethrin susceptibility profile of T. sordida populations revealed resistance ratios ranging from 0.84 to 2.8. The percentage mortality in response to a diagnostic dose was 100.0% in all populations.CONCLUSIONS:From our results, the lack of resistance to insecticides but persistent T. sordida infestations in the Triângulo Mineiro area may be because of: 1) environmental degradation facilitating dispersion of T. sordida , allowing colonization in artificial ecotopes; 2) operational failures; and 3) complexity of the peridomicile in the study area.These variables are being investigated.

INTRODUCTION: Triatoma brasiliensis is the species of greatest epidemiological relevance in the semi-arid region of Brazil. This species is predominantly found in domestic environments, and it has the ability to build large colonies with high levels of natural infection via Trypanosoma cruzi. Thus, T. brasiliensis is one of the most efficient transmitters of Chagas disease (CD) to humans. Despite household spraying with residual insecticides, many areas report persistent reinfestations for reasons that remain poorly understood. Therefore, this study sought to characterize the toxicological profile of deltamethrin in T. brasiliensis from areas with persistent reinfestation in State of Ceará, Brazil. METHODS: The susceptibility reference lineage (SRL) was derived from Umari. Serial dilutions of deltamethrin were prepared and applied to the dorsal abdomen of first instar nymphs. The control group received only pure acetone. Mortality was evaluated after 72h. Qualitative tests assessed mortality in response to a diagnostic dose of 1xLD99 (0.851 nanograms of active ingredient per treated nymph) of the SRL. RESULTS: The susceptibility profile characterization of the T. brasiliensis populations revealed 50% resistance ratios (RR50) that ranged from 0.32 to 1.21. The percentage of mortality in response to the diagnostic dose was 100%. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrated that T. brasiliensis was highly susceptible to deltamethrin. The control difficulties found might be related to the recolonization of the triatomines originating from neighboring environments and the possible operational failures related to the process of spraying that enabled specimens less susceptible to deltamethrin to survive.

Introduction Triatoma sordida is the most captured Triatomine species in the Brazilian artificial environment. In 2008, the discovery of three Triatomine populations with altered susceptibilities to deltamethrin highlighted the importance of investigating the genetic potential for resistance in triatomines. The purpose of this study was to characterize the susceptibility to deltamethrin of peridomestic T. sordida populations in Minas Gerais, Brazil. Methods A susceptibility reference lineage derived from Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil was used. Serial dilutions of deltamethrin were prepared and applied to the dorsal abdomen of first instar nymphs. The control group received only pure acetone. Mortality was evaluated after 72h. Qualitative tests assessed mortality in response to a diagnostic dose of 1xLD99 of the susceptibility reference lineage. Results Susceptibility profile characterization of T. sordida populations revealed resistance ratios (RR50s) ranging from 0.42 to 3.94. The percentage mortality in response to the diagnostic dose varied from 70% to 100%. A comparison of the results obtained in the quantitative and qualitative assays demonstrated a lack of correspondence for some populations. Conclusions We demonstrated that only T. sordida populations that present a RR50>1.0 have altered susceptibility, and the execution of simultaneous field and laboratory tests is required to understand the actual effect of vector control. A possible cause of the observed resistance ratios might be the continuous use of pyrethroids in Brazil since the 1980s.

After controlling Triatoma infestans in Brazil, other species of triatomine that were considered minor in the transmission of Chagas disease became important. The persistence of Triatoma brasiliensis in Northeastern Brazil, associated with reinfection of domestic environments recently sprayed with pyrethroids, may be a signal of susceptibility alteration of this species to this insecticide. Specimens of T. brasiliensis from the municipality of Tauá, state of Ceará, were captured before and one year after spraying. They were submitted to bioassays using deltamethrin. The LD50 ranged from 0.19-0.33 ng of deltamethrin/nymph. The resistance ratio among samples from Tauá varied from 1.16-1.79 in the samples captured before the spraying and 1.00-1.74 in the samples captured one year after spraying, demonstrating that the two populations were equally susceptible to deltamethrin. The small difference in susceptibility between the two captures suggests that T. brasiliensis obtained in the second capture are from new invasions of the domestic environment and that the insecticide did not select resistant individuals. Therefore, it is suggested that T. brasiliensis control be carried out supplementing the regular use of pyrethroids with complementary measures, such as improvement of the dwellings and health education.