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au:DIAZ, A. M.

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Sergio Archangelsky (1931-2022): reseña biográfica y su contribución al conocimiento de las comunidades vegetales del Cretácico Inferior de Patagonia Austral
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Del Fueyo, Georgina M.

; Cárdenas, Orlando

; Carrizo, Martín A.

; Lafuente Diaz, Maiten A.

; Lezama, Luis R.

Revista del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales

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dec 2022, Volume 24 N. 2 Pages 197 - 215

Abstract: Es | Text: Es | PDF: Es

https://doi.org/10.22179/revmacn.24.799

Prevalencia de Dientamoeba fragilisy otros protozoários intestinales en porcinos de una granja en la región Andina de Colombia
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Sudrez, K. J.

; Garcia, M. J.

; Restrepo, E. Y.

; Campo, L. F.

; Galván-Diaz, A. L.

Revista de la Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y de Zootecnia

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aug 2022, Volume 69 N. 2 Pages 129 - 142

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT Dientamoeba fragilis is a protozoan that parasitizes the large intestine of humans and domestic animals. To date, some aspects regarding D. fragilis life cycle, including hosts, reservoirs, infection mechanism, among others, are not yet clear. Swine are considered natural hosts for this protozoan, therefore their close contact with humans promotes its zoonotic transmission. In Colombia there are no studies on the presence of D. fragilis in animal hosts, including pigs, and data about other intestinal protozoa are scarce. The objective was to determine the prevalence of intestinal protozoan, including D. fragilis, in pigs raised in a farm from a rural area of Medellin (Andean region of Colombia). Fecal samples from 70 pigs in prefattening stage were collected. Direct fecal smear examination, trichrome and modified Ziehl-Neelsen stain were used in the study. Univariate analysis (frequency distribution and central tendency measures) and bivariate analysis were used to explore risk factors. Dientamoeba fragilis was found in 13% of the evaluated fecal samples. Other parasites detected included: Entamoeba spp. (66%), Blastocystis spp. (64%), Balantioides coli (36%), Cryptosporidium spp. (36%), Iodamoeba butschlii (17%), coccidias (4%), and Giardia spp. (1,4%). This is the first report of D. fragilis in swine in Colombia, and the high prevalence of other pathogen protozoa was also observed, which corroborates the role of pigs as important reservoirs for human infections. Studies focused on the evaluation of both swine and swine-exposed farm workers should be done in order to know the dynamics of transmission of this parasite.

RESUMEN Dientamoeba fragilis es un protozoário que parasita el intestino grueso del hombre y animales domésticos. Hasta el momento, aún no son claros aspectos de su ciclo de vida, como el rango de hospedadores, reservorios, mecanismo de infección, entre otros. Se postula que el cerdo es un hospedador natural para este protozoario y que, debido a su cercanía con el humano, podría facilitar una transmisión zoonótica. En Colombia no existen a la fecha estudios sobre la presencia de D. fragilis en hospedadores animales, incluidos los cerdos, y los datos sobre la prevalencia de otros protozoarios intestinales en estos animales son escasos. El objetivo fue determinar la frecuencia de protozoarios intestinales, incluyendo D. fragilis, en cerdos de una granja tecnificada de una zona rural de Medellín (región Andina de Colombia). Se recolectaron muestras de materia fecal de 70 cerdos en etapa de preceba, que fueron evaluadas mediante examen directo, tinción tricrómica y Ziehl-Neelsen modificado. Se realizaron análisis univariados con medidas de frecuencia relativa y tendencia central y análisis bivariados para la exploración de factores de riesgo. Se detectó la presencia de D. fragilis en un 13% de las muestras y de otros parásitos como Entamoeba spp. (66%), Blastocystis spp. (64%), Balantioides coli (36%), Cryptosporidium spp. (36%), Iodamoeba butschlii (17%), coccidias (4%) y Giardia spp. (1,4%). En este primer reporte de D. fragilis en cerdos en Colombia se observó la alta prevalencia de otros protozoarios patógenos, lo que corrobora el papel de los cerdos como importantes reservorios de infecciones humanas. Estudios sobre la presencia de este protozoario tanto en cerdos como en el personal encargado de su manejo contribuirían al conocimiento sobre su dinámica de transmisión.

https://doi.org/10.15446/rfmvz.v69n2.103263 101 downloads

2021 clinical practice guideline for the early detection, diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of patients with axial spondyloarthritis. Colombian Association of Rheumatology
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Bautista-Molano, Wilson

; Saldarriaga-Rivera, Lina M.

; Junca-Ramírez, Alejandro

; Fernández-Aldana, Andrés R.

; Fernández-Ávila, Daniel G.

; Jaimes, Diego A.

; Jauregui, Edwin A.

; Segura-Charry, Juan S.

; Romero-Sanchez, Consuelo

; Felipe-Diaz, Oscar J.

Revista Colombiana de Reumatología

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jun 2022, Volume 29 N. 2 Pages 113 - 124

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

RESUMEN Introducción: La espondiloartritis axial es una enfermedad reumatológica que afecta a individuos jóvenes y tiene una gran repercusión sociolaboral. El retraso en el diagnóstico y el tratamiento se asocia con un mayor deterioro funcional y un impacto negativo en la calidad de vida, por lo que requiere un abordaje multidisciplinario. Objetivo: Desarrollar y formular un conjunto de recomendaciones específicas basadas en la mejor evidencia disponible para la detección temprana, el diagnóstico, el tratamiento y el seguimiento de los pacientes adultos con espondiloartritis axial. Métodos: Se configuró un grupo desarrollador, se formularon preguntas clínicas contestables, se graduaron los desenlaces y se realizó la búsqueda sistemática de la evidencia. El panel de la guía fue multidisciplinario (incluyendo representantes de los pacientes) y balanceado, minimizando el sesgo por conflictos de intereses. Se utilizó la aproximación Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) para evaluar la calidad de la evidencia, al igual que la dirección y la fortaleza de las recomendaciones. Se presentan 11 recomendaciones relacionadas con diagnóstico (n = 2), tratamiento farmacológico (n = 6), tratamiento no farmacológico (n = 2) y seguimiento (n = 1). Resultados: Se recomienda la radiografía de articulaciones sacroilíacas como primer método diagnóstico, y el uso de escalas de actividad para el seguimiento de los pacientes (ASDAS o BASDAI). Los antiinflamatorios no esteroideos son la primera opción de tratamiento; en caso de intolerancia o dolor residual se recomienda acetaminofén u opioides. En pacientes con compromiso axial se recomienda abstenerse de utilizar medicamentos antirreumáticos modificadores de la enfermedad convencionales ni glucocorticoides sistémicos o locales. En pacientes con falla a los antiinflamatorios no esteroideos, se recomienda un anti-TNFα o un anti-IL17A. En pacientes con falla a anti-TNFα, se recomienda iniciar un anti-IL17A. El ejercicio y la terapia física y ocupacional se recomiendan como parte del tratamiento. Se recomienda no utilizar las terapias no convencionales como única opción de tratamiento. Conclusiones: Este conjunto de recomendaciones proporciona una guía actualizada sobre el diagnóstico y el tratamiento de la espondiloartritis axial.

Abstract Introduction: Axial spondyloarthritis is a rheumatic condition affecting young patients with social and occupational consequences. Diagnosis delay is associated with functional impairment and impact on quality of life, requiring a multidisciplinary approach. Objective: To develop a set of recommendations based on the best available evidence for the early detection, diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of adult patients with axial spondy-loarthritis. Methods: A working group was established, questions were developed, outcomes were graded, and a systematic search for evidence was conducted. A multidisciplinary panel of members was established (including patient representatives), minimizing bias in relation to conflicts of interest. The GRADE approach "Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation" was used to assess the quality of the evidence as well as the direction and strength of recommendations. In total, 11 recommendations on diagnosis (n=2), pharmacological treatment (n=6), non-pharmacological treatment (n=2) and monitoring (n=1) are presented. Results: Sacroiliac joint radiography as the first diagnostic method, and the use of disease activity scales for patient monitoring (ASDAS or BASDAI), are recommended. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are the first treatment option; in case of intolerance or residual pain, acetaminophen or opioids are recommended. In patients with axial involvement, it is recommended not to use conventional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs or systemic or local glucocorticoids. In patients with failure to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, anti-TNF or anti-IL17A are recommended. In those patients presenting with anti-TNF failure, starting an anti-IL17A is recommended. Exercise, physical and occupational therapy are recommended as part of treatment. It is recommended not to use unconventional therapies as the only treatment option. Conclusions: This set of recommendations provides an updated guideline for the diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of patients with axial spondyloarthritis.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rcreu.2021.08.003

O Impacto da COVID-19 no Diagnóstico de Doenças Cardíacas na América Latina Uma Subanálise do INCAPS COVID
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Cerci, Rodrigo Julio

; Vitola, João Vicente

; Paez, Diana

; Zuluaga, Alejandro

; Bittencourt, Marcio Sommer

; Sierra-Galan, Lilia M.

; Carrascosa, Patricia

; Campisi, Roxana

; Gutierrez-Villamil, Claudia

; Peix, Amalia

; Chambers, Duane

; Velez, Mayra Sánches

; Alvarado, Carla M. G.

; Ventura, Ana C. F.

; Maldonado, Alejandro

; Castanos, Alfredo P.

; Diaz, Teresa C.

; Herrera, Yariela

; Vasquez, Manuel C.

; Arrieta, Ana A.

; Mut, Fernando

; Hirschfeld, Cole

; Malkovskiy, Eli

; Goebel, Benjamin

; Cohen, Yosef

; Randazzo, Michael

; Shaw, Leslee J.

; Williams, Michelle C.

; Villines, Todd C.

; Better, Nathan

; Dorbala, Sharmila

; Raggi, Paolo

; Pascual, Thomas N. B.

; Pynda, Yaroslav

; Dondi, Maurizio

; Einstein, Andrew J.

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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apr 2022, Volume 118 N. 4 Pages 745 - 753

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Fundamento A pandemia de COVID-19 interferiu na prestação de atendimento a doenças cardiovasculares na América Latina. No entanto, o efeito da pandemia nos volumes de procedimentos cardíacos diagnósticos ainda não foi quantificado. Objetivo Avaliar (1) o impacto de COVID-19 nos volumes de diagnóstico cardíaco na América Latina e (2) determinar sua relação com a incidência de casos de COVID-19 e as medidas de distanciamento social. Métodos A International Atomic Energy Agency realizou uma pesquisa mundial avaliando mudanças nos volumes diagnósticos cardíacos decorrentes da COVID-19. Foram obtidos os volumes diagnósticos cardíacos dos locais participantes para março e abril de 2020 e comparados com março de 2019. Foram coletados dados de distanciamento social a partir dos Relatórios de mobilidade da comunidade de Google e a incidência de COVID-19 por país a partir de Our World in Data. Resultados Foram realizadas pesquisas em 194 centros que realizam procedimentos diagnósticos cardíacos, em 19 países da América Latina. Em comparação com o mês de março de 2019, os volumes dos procedimentos diagnósticos cardíacos diminuíram 36% em março de 2020 e 82% em abril de 2020.As maiores reduções ocorreram em relação aos testes de estresse ecocardiográfico (91%), testes ergométricos de esteira (88%) e escore de cálcio por tomografia computadorizada (87%), com pequenas variações entre as sub-regiões da América Latina. As mudanças em padrões de distanciamento social (p < 0,001) estavam mais fortemente associadas com a redução do volume do que a incidência de COVID-19 (p = 0,003). Conclusões A COVID-19 foi associada a uma redução significativa de procedimentos diagnósticos cardíacos na América Latina, a qual foi mais relacionada ao distanciamento social do que ao aumento da incidência da COVID-19. São necessários melhor equilíbrio e timing de medidas de distanciamento social e planejamento para manter o acesso ao atendimento médico durante um surto pandêmico, especialmente em regiões com alta mortalidade cardiovascular.

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the delivery of care for cardiovascular diseases in Latin America. However, the effect of the pandemic on the cardiac diagnostic procedure volumes has not been quantified. Objective To assess (1) the impact of COVID-19 on cardiac diagnostic volumes in Latin America and (2) determine its relationship with COVID-19 case incidence and social distancing measures. Methods The International Atomic Energy Agency conducted a worldwide survey assessing changes in cardiac diagnostic volumes resulting from COVID-19. Cardiac diagnostic volumes were obtained from participating sites for March and April 2020 and compared to March 2019. Social distancing data were collected from Google COVID-19 community mobility reports and COVID-19 incidence per country from the Our World in Data. Results Surveys were conducted in 194 centers performing cardiac diagnostic procedures, in 19 countries in Latin America. Procedure volumes decreased 36% from March 2019 to March 2020, and 82% from March 2019 to April 2020. The greatest decreases occurred in echocardiogram stress tests (91%), exercise treadmill tests (88%), and computed tomography calcium scores (87%), with slight variations between sub-regions of Latin America. Changes in social distancing patterns (p < 0.001) were more strongly associated with volume reduction than COVID-19 incidence (p = 0.003). Conclusions COVID-19 was associated with a significant reduction in cardiac diagnostic procedures in Latin America, which was more related to social distancing than to the COVID-19 incidence. Better balance and timing of social distancing measures and planning to maintain access to medical care is warranted during a pandemic surge, especially in regions with high cardiovascular mortality.

https://doi.org/10.36660/abc.20210388

2021 clinical practice guidelines for the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of patients with peripheral spondyloarthritis. Colombian Association of Rheumatology
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Saldarriaga-Rivera, Lina M.

; Bautista-Molano, Wilson

; Junca-Ramírez, Alejandro

; Fernández-Aldana, Andrés R.

; Fernández-Ávila, Daniel G.

; Jaimes, Diego A.

; Jáuregui, Edwin A.

; Segura-Charry, Juan S.

; Romero-Sánchez, Consuelo

; Felipe-Diaz, Oscar J.

Revista Colombiana de Reumatología

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mar 2022, Volume 29 N. 1 Pages 44 - 56

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT Background: Peripheral spondylarthritis is a chronic Inflammatory disease whose clinical presentation is related to the presence of arthritis, enthesitis and/or dactylitis. This term is used interchangeably with some of its subtypes such as psoriatic arthritis, reactive arthritis, and undifferentiated spondyloarthritis. Objective: To develop and formulate a set of specific recommendations based on the best available evidence for the diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of adult patients with peripheral spondyloarthritis. Methods: A working group was established, clinical questions were formulated, outcomes were graded, and a systematic search for evidence was conducted. The guideline panel was multidisciplinary (including patient representatives) and balanced. Following the for mal expert consensus method, the GRADE methodology "Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation" was used to assess the quality of the evidence and generate the recommendations. The clinical practice guideline includes ten recommendations related to monitoring of disease activity (n = 1) and treatment (n = 9). Results: In patients with peripheral spondyloarthritis, the use of methotrexate or sulfasalazine as the first line of treatment is suggested, and local injections of glucocorticoids are conditionally recommended. In patients with failure to cDMARDs, an anti TNFα or an anti IL17A is recommended. In case of failure to bDMARDs, it is suggested to use another bDMARD or JAK inhibitor. In patients with peripheral spondylarthritis associated with inflammatory bowel disease, it is recommended to start treatment with cDMARDs; in the absence of response, the use of an anti TNFα over an anti-IL-17 or an anti-IL-12-23 is recom mended as a second line of treatment. In patients with psoriatic arthritis, the combined use of methotrexate with a bDMARD is conditionally recommended for optimization of dosing. To assess disease activity in Psoriatic Arthritis, the use of DAPSA or MDA is suggested for patient monitoring. Conclusions: This set of recommendations provides an updated guideline on the diagnosis and treatment of peripheral spondyloarthritis.

RESUMEN Antecedentes: La espondiloartritis periférica es una patología Inflamatoria crónica cuya presentación clínica está determinada por la presencia de artritis, entesitis y/o dactilitis. Este término se utiliza indistintamente con algunos de sus subtipos como artritis psoriásica, artritis reactiva y espondiloartritis indiferenciada. Objetivo: Desarrollar y formular un conjunto de recomendaciones específicas basadas en la mejor evidencia disponible para el diagnóstico, el tratamiento y el seguimiento de pacientes adultos con espondiloartritis periférica. Métodos: Se constituyó un grupo desarrollador, se formularon preguntas clínicas, se graduaron los desenlaces y se realizó la búsqueda sistemática de la evidencia. El panel de la guía fue multidisciplinario (incluyendo representantes de los pacientes) y balanceado. Siguiendo el método de consenso formal de expertos, se utilizó la metodología GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) para para evaluar la calidad de la evidencia y generar las recomendaciones. La guía de práctica clínica incluye 10 recomendaciones: una sobre seguimiento de la actividad de la enfermedad y nueve sobre tratamiento. Resultados: En pacientes con espondiloartritis periférica se sugiere usar metotrexato o sulfasalazina como primera línea de tratamiento y se recomienda en forma condicional la inyección local de glucocorticoides. En los pacientes que fallan a cDMARDs, se recomienda iniciar un anti TNFα o un anti IL17A. Ante falla terapéutica a la primera línea con bDMARDs, se sugiere usar otro bDMARD o un inhibidor JAK. En pacientes con espondiloartritis periférica y enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal asociada, se recomienda iniciar tratamiento con cDMARDs; en ausencia de respuesta, se recomienda el uso de un anti TNFα sobre un anti IL-17 o un anti IL-12-23 como segunda línea de tratamiento. En pacientes con artritis psoriásica se recomienda, de forma condicional, el uso combinado de metotrexato con bDMARD para favorecer la optimización de la dosis de estos. Para evaluar la actividad de la enfermedad en artritis psoriásica, se sugiere el uso del DAPSA o MDA para el seguimiento de los pacientes. Conclusiones: Este conjunto de recomendaciones proporcionan una guía actualizada sobre el diagnóstico y el tratamiento de la espondiloartritis periférica.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rcreu.2021.07.005

A scoping review and systematic map of primary studies assessing heat stress on reproductive, physiological, and productive parameters of farm animals
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Diaz, Daniel,

; Lopez-Orrantia, Ana M.

; Camacho, Asly N.

; Rosiles, Rene J.

; Rodriguez-Gaxiola, Miguel A.

; Romo-Rubio, Javier A.

; Portillo-Loera, Jesus J.

; Gaxiola, Soila M.

; Montero-Pardo, Arnulfo

Veterinaria México OA

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2022, Volume 9 elocation e1121

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Heat stress induces failures in the physiological mechanisms that regulate the body temperature of farm animals and causes a loss in their productive and reproductive potential. Thus, we performed a scoping review to systematically map, describe, and classify primary research that assessed the effect of heat stress on the reproductive, physiological, and productive parameters of livestock. Electronic databases were searched to retrieve full text, peer-reviewed experimental or cohort studies published from 1980 to August 2018. We included in vivo and in vitro studies exposing animals or cells to heat stress conditions and used a control group. Studies were evaluated based on title and abstract and then selected for final inclusion based on full text. We performed data charting to describe and visualize the evidence. In total, we included 466 studies, among which bovines and pigs were the most frequent species studied. Reproductive and physiological parameters were the main groups of outcomes assessed, and studies using adult females predominated. Seventy percent of the studies were experimental, and almost half of the studies used natural environmental conditions to assess the effect of heat stress in animals. Most of the studies were performed in the Americas and Asia, and three journals provided one-third of the publications. The systematic evidence synthesis presented herein outlines the trends of research performed to assess the effect of heat stress on livestock and allowed us to define future secondary studies to extend our knowledge about the negative impact of heat stress on the productivity of farm animals.

https://doi.org/10.22201/fmvz.24480760e.2022.1121

Anaerobic RSH-dependent tellurite reduction contributes to Escherichia coli tolerance against tellurite
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Muñoz Diaz, P.

; Jiménez, K.

; Luraschi, R.

; Cornejo, F.

; Figueroa, M.

; Vera, C.

; Rivas-Pardo, A.

; Sandoval, J. M.

; Vásquez, C.

; Arenas, F.

Biological Research

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2022, Volume 55 elocation 13

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Background: Tellurium is a rare metalloid that exerts high toxicity on cells, especially on bacteria, partly due to reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Moreover, it has also been observed that tellurite can target free cell thiols groups (RSH) (i.e. reduced glutathione (GSH)), enhancing the cellular redox imbalance. Additionally, in vitro experiments have suggested that several enzymes can reduce tellurite (IV) to its elemental form (0); where RSH present on their active sites may be responsible for the process. Nevertheless, the mechanisms implemented by bacteria for tellurite reduction and its role in resistance have not been evaluated in vivo. Results: This work shows that tellurite reduction to elemental tellurium is increased under anaerobic conditions in E. coli cells. The in vivo tellurite reduction is related to the intracellular concentration of total RSH, in the presence and absence of oxygen. This metabolization of tellurite directly contributes to the resistance of the bacteria to the oxyanion. Conclusions: We demonstrated that in vivo tellurite reduction is related to the intracellular thiol concentration, i.e. large availability of cellular RSH groups, results in a more significant reduction of tellurite. Furthermore, we observed that, when the bacterium exhibits less resistance to the oxyanion, a decreased tellurite reduction was seen, affecting the growth fitness. Together, these results let us propose that tellurite reduction and the intracellular RSH content are related to the oxyanion bacterial resistance, this tripartite mechanism in an oxygen independent anaerobic process.

https://doi.org/10.1186/s40659-022-00383-5 46 downloads

A Predictive Model for the Identification of the Volume Fraction in Two-Phase Flow
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Ruiz-Diaz, C. M.

; Hernández-Cely, M. M.

; González-Estrada, O. A.

Ciencia en Desarrollo

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dec 2021, Volume 12 N. 2 Pages 49 - 55

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Este trabajo presenta el uso de inteligencia artificial en flujos multifásicos, implementando una red neuronal artificial de perceptrón multicapa con retropropagación, y utilizando la función de activación tangente sigmoidea, para generar un modelo predictivo capaz de obtener la fracción volumétrica de un flujo bifásico compuesto por agua y aceite mineral en una tubería horizontal de 12 m. La red neuronal artificial se desarrolla a partir de una capa de entrada, formada por el diferencial de presión en la línea y las velocidades superficiales de los fluidos de trabajo, además, tiene dos capas ocultas y una capa de salida, que está formada por las fracciones volumétricas de los fluidos. El modelo predictivo de mejor rendimiento muestra un error medio porcentual absoluto del 3,07 % y un coeficiente de determinación R 2 de 0,985 utilizando 15 neuronas en las dos capas ocultas de la red neuronal. Los 56 datos experimentales utilizados en el estudio se obtuvieron en el laboratorio LEMI EESC-USP (Brasil).

Abstract This work presents the use of artificial intelligence in multiphase flows, implementing a multilayer perceptron artificial neural network with back-propagation, and using the sigmoid tangent activation function, to generate a predictive model capable of obtaining the holdup of a two-phase flow composed of water and mineral oil in a horizontal pipe of 12 m. The artificial neural network is developed using an input layer, formed by the pressure differential in the line and the superficial velocities of the working fluids, also, it has two hidden layers and an outlet layer, which is made up of the volumetric fractions of the fluids. The best-performing predictive model shows a mean percentage absolute error of 3.07 % and a coefficient of determination R2 of 0.985 using 15 neurons in the two hidden layers of the neural network. The 56 experimental data used in the study were obtained in the laboratory LEMIEESC-USP (Brazil).

https://doi.org/10.19053/01217488.v12.n2.2021.13417 16 downloads

Brazilian Psychiatric Association guidelines for the management of suicidal behavior. Part 2. Screening, intervention, and prevention
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Baldaçara, Leonardo

; Grudtner, Roberta R.

; da S. Leite, Verônica

; Porto, Deisy M.

; Robis, Kelly P.

; Fidalgo, Thiago M.

; Rocha, Gislene A.

; Diaz, Alexandre P.

; Meleiro, Alexandrina

; Correa, Humberto

; Tung, Teng C.

; Malloy-Diniz, Leandro

; Quevedo, João

; da Silva, Antônio G.

Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry

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oct 2021, Volume 43 N. 5 Pages 538 - 549

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

This article continues our presentation of the Brazilian Psychiatric Association guidelines for the management of patients with suicidal behavior, with a focus on screening, intervention, postvention, prevention, and promotion. For the development of these guidelines, we conducted a systematic review of the MEDLINE (via PubMed), Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Web of Science, and SciELO databases for research published from 1997 to 2020. Systematic reviews, clinical trials, and cohort/observational studies on screening, intervention, and prevention in suicidal behavior were included. This project involved 14 Brazilian psychiatry professionals and 1 psychologist selected by the Psychiatric Emergencies Committee of the Brazilian Psychiatric Association for their experience and knowledge in psychiatry and psychiatric emergencies. Publications were evaluated according to the 2011 Oxford Center for Evidence-Based Medicine (OCEBM) Levels of Evidence Classification. Eighty-five articles were reviewed (of 5,362 initially collected and 755 abstracts on the drug approach). Forms of screening, intervention, and prevention are presented. The intervention section presents evidence for psychotherapeutic and drug interventions. For the latter, it is important to remember that each medication is effective only for specific groups and should not replace treatment protocols. We maintain our recommendation for the use of universal screening plus intervention. Although the various studies differ in terms of the populations evaluated and several proposals are presented, there is already significant evidence for certain interventions. Suicidal behavior can be analyzed by evidence-based medicine protocols. Currently, the best strategy is to combine several techniques through the Safety Plan. Nevertheless, further research on the topic is needed to elucidate some approaches with particular potential for intervention and prevention. Systematic review registry number: CRD42020206517

https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2020-1108 363 downloads

10.

Brazilian Psychiatric Association guidelines for the management of suicidal behavior. Part 1. Risk factors, protective factors, and assessment
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Baldaçara, Leonardo

; Rocha, Gislene A.

; Leite, Verônica da S.

; Porto, Deisy M.

; Grudtner, Roberta R.

; Diaz, Alexandre P.

; Meleiro, Alexandrina

; Correa, Humberto

; Tung, Teng C.

; Quevedo, João

; da Silva, Antônio G.

Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry

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oct 2021, Volume 43 N. 5 Pages 525 - 537

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Suicide is a global public health problem that causes the loss of more than 800,000 lives each year, principally among young people. In Brazil, the average mortality rate attributable to suicide is approximately 5.23 per 100,000 population. Although many guidelines have been published for the management of suicidal behavior, to date, there are no recent guidelines based on the principles of evidence-based medicine that apply to the reality of suicide in Brazil. The objective of this work is to provide key guidelines for managing patients with suicidal behavior in Brazil. This project involved 11 Brazilian psychiatry professionals selected by the Psychiatric Emergencies Committee (Comissão de Emergências Psiquiátricas) of the Brazilian Psychiatric Association for their experience and knowledge in psychiatry and psychiatric emergencies. For the development of these guidelines, 79 articles were reviewed (from 5,362 initially collected and 755 abstracts). In this review, we present definitions, risk and protective factors, assessments, and an introduction to the Safety Plan. Systematic review registry number: CRD42020206517

https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2020-0994 701 downloads

11.

Allyl Dibenzoylmethane Derivative: Antimelanoma Activity and Study of Its Molecular Mechanism of Interaction with DNA
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Baeta, Jefferson V. P. B.

; Andrade, Ulisses M. S.

; Oliveira, Rayane M.

; Oliveira, Leandro

; Santos, Anésia A.

; Diaz-Muñoz, Gaspar

; Rocha, Márcio S.

; Diaz, Marisa A. N.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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jul 2021, Volume 32 N. 7 Pages 1491 - 1497

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

In this study, we assessed the cytotoxic effect of 1,3-diphenyl-2-allyl-1,3-propanedione (DPAP) on B16F10 and Tm5 melanoma cells and investigated its interaction with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) using optical tweezers. The compound showed to be effective against B16F10 cells with selectivity index (SI) of 7.92 and interaction to the outer surface of the double helix, probably at the minor groove of DNA. This likely induced a bending deformation of the polymer chain, decreasing persistence length, and indicated that each DPAP molecule occupies a single base pair upon binding to the double helix.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20210048 63 downloads

12.

Stigma toward individuals with mental disorders among Brazilian psychiatrists: a latent class analysis
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da Silva, Antônio G.

; Loch, Alexandre A.

; Leal, Vanessa P.

; da Silva, Paulo R.

; Rosa, Monike M.

; Bomfim, Ozeias da C.

; Malloy-Diniz, Leandro F.

; Schwarzbold, Marcelo L.

; Diaz, Alexandre P.

; Palha, Antônio P.

Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry

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jun 2021, Volume 43 N. 3 Pages 262 - 268

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Objective: The stigma toward individuals with mental disorders is highly prevalent, not only in the general population but among health care providers as well. The aim of this study was to identify subgroups based on stigmatizing beliefs related to psychiatric disorders among Brazilian psychiatrists, as well as to investigate their association with clinical and personality characteristics. Methods: Latent cluster analysis was used to find subgroups of cases in multivariate data according to a psychotic (schizophrenia) and a nonpsychotic disorder (attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder). The clusters for each psychiatric disorder were compared according to sociodemographic, emotional traits, and personality characteristics. Results: A total of 779 psychiatrists answered the questionnaire. Three different subgroups of stigma levels were identified regarding schizophrenia: the highest (n=202 [51.7%]), intermediate (108 [27.6%]), and the lowest (81 [20.7%]). Participants from the highest stigma group had a significantly longer time since graduation, higher anxiety-state scores, and lower positive affect. Two subgroups were identified with respect to attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, although there were no differences between them in sociodemographic or clinical variables. Conclusion: There were more subgroups of stigmatizing beliefs regarding psychotic disorders. Individual characteristics, such as those related to trait anxiety and affect, can be associated with high stigma toward schizophrenia.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2020-0864 221 downloads

13.

Caracterización de la estructura y composición florística de dos tipos forestales del noroeste de la provincia del Chaco
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Kees, S. M.

; Torres, S. C.

; Morales, A.

; Giraudo, L. M.

; Ruiz Diaz, S.

; Giodarno, M. A.

; Galeano, V. H.

; Kloster, N. A.

; Kronemberger, R. Z.

Quebracho (Santiago del Estero)

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jun 2021, Volume 29 N. 1 Pages 39 - 49

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Una gestión sostenible de los bosques requiere conocer aspectos ecológicos y el diseño de pautas silvícolas ajustadas a ellos. El objetivo del trabajo fue caracterizar la composición arbórea, la diversidad, la estructura horizontal y vertical de dos tipos de forestales del noroeste de la provincia del Chaco, Argentina, los cuales fueron identificados como Bosque Alto Abierto y Bosque Bajo Abierto. Los datos usados provienen de un inventario forestal de 3.665 ha boscosas efectuado en un predio de 4.978 ha. En el Bosque Alto Abierto, fueron halladas 14 especies y ocho familias botánicas; en el Bosque Bajo Abierto se encontraron ocho especies y seis familias. El coeficiente de mezcla, arrojó valores de 1:19 y 1:26 respectivamente. Con base en el índice de valor de importancia y los valores de cobertura, las especies más importantes fueron Aspidosperma quebracho-blanco, Ziziphus mistol y Schinopsis lorentzii. Ambos tipos forestales presentaron diferencias notables tanto en la continuidad de los estratos de altura como en la presencia de individuos en las clases diamétricas mayores.

Abstract A sustainable forest management requires knowing ecological aspects and the design of silvicultural guidelines adjusted to them. The objective of the work was to characterize the tree composition, diversity, horizontal and vertical structure of two types of forest in the northwest of the province of Chaco, Argentina identified as High Open Forest and Low Open Forest. The data collected come from a forest inventory of 3,665 ha of woodlands covering 4,978 ha. In the High Open Forest, 14 species and 8 botanical families were found while in the Low Open Forest 8 species and 6 families. The mixing coefficient reached values of 1:19 and 1:26 respectively. On the basis of the importance value index together with the cover values, the most important species were Aspidosperma quebracho-blanco, Ziziphus mistol and Schinopsis lorentzii. Both forest types showed notable differences concerning the continuity of the height strata as well as in the presence of individuals in the largest diameter classes.

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14.

Prevalencia de Chlamydia abortus en cabras con problemas de aborto en la zona centro de Sinaloa, México
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Castro-Flores, Rebeca

; Gaxiola, Soila M.

; Díaz-Aparicio, Efrén

; Limón-González, María M.

; Romero-Jarillo, Abril

; Enríquez-Verdugo, Idalia

; Castro del Campo, Nohemí

; Rodríguez-Gaxiola, Miguel A.

; Montero-Pardo, Arnulfo

; Diaz, Daniel

Biotecnia

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2021, Volume 23 N. 3 Pages 142 - 150

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract A cross-sectional study that included seven bucks and 132 goats with recent parturition or abortion was conducted to assess the prevalence of chlamydiosis in a caprine herd showing abortion issues in Central Sinaloa, Mexico. Additionally, 32 out of the 135 goats were selected to perform a longitudinal study throughout two consecutive periods of kidding/abortions. Chlamydia abortus was detected by bacterial isolation and the positive samples were confirmed by PCR. In does, chlamydiosis prevalence was 55.6 % (75/135; 69 parturitions and six abortions). Ten out of 75 positive isolations were confirmed by PCR. In bucks, two out of seven samples tested positive for bacterial isolation. In the longitudinal study, the likelihood of showing a positive result increased 41.6 times (OR=0.024, 95 % CI: 0.002 to 0.299) during the second period of evaluation. According to multivariate analysis, chlamydiosis positivity, lower age of goats, and a reduced number of parturitions were associated. The results presented herein represent the first report of C. abortus in a caprine herd in the state of Sinaloa. More studies focused on the prevalence and distribution of C. abortus in Mexico are needed to improve the knowledge regarding the impact of chlamydiosis on animal health and production.

Resumen Para determinar la prevalencia de clamidiosis en un rebaño caprino con problemas de aborto en el centro de Sinaloa, México, se realizó un estudio transversal que incluyó a siete machos y 135 hembras con parto o aborto reciente. Adicionalmente, 32 de las 135 hembras fueron seleccionadas para realizar un estudio longitudinal por dos períodos consecutivos de partos/abortos. Chlamydia abortus se identificó mediante aislamiento y las muestras positivas se confirmaron mediante PCR. La prevalencia de clamidiosis fue de 55.6 % en las hembras (75/135), en las cuales se presentaron 69 partos y seis abortos. Únicamente ١٠/75 muestras positivas fueron confirmadas por PCR. En los machos, 2/7 muestras resultaron positivas mediante aislamiento. En el estudio longitudinal, se incrementó en 41.6 veces la posibilidad (OR=0.024, IC 95 %: 0.002-0.299) de tener un resultado positivo durante el segundo período de evaluación. De acuerdo con el análisis multivariado, se presentó una asociación entre la positividad a clamidiosis, la edad de las hembras y el número de partos. Estos resultados representan el primer reporte de C. abortus en un rebaño caprino del estado de Sinaloa. Se requieren más estudios que evalúen la prevalencia y distribución de C. abortus en México para comprender mejor el impacto de la clamidiosis sobre la salud y producción animal.

https://doi.org/10.18633/biotecnia.v23i3.1290 130 downloads

15.

ELECTRODE MODIFIED WITH A POLYMER OF ANILINE AND 3-HEXYLTHIOPHENE TO BE ASSAYED IN THE SELECTIVE DETERMINATION OF NITRATE
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Diaz, F. R.

; Pardo, M. A.

; Gacitua, M. A.

; del Valle, M. A.

Journal of the Chilean Chemical Society

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dec 2020, Volume 65 N. 4 Pages 5023 - 5026

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT In this work, platinum electrodes are modified with poly[4-(3-hexyl-2-thiophene)-aniline], PTANIr2, and characterized by cyclic voltammetry. In the presence of nitrate in the electrolytic medium, an oxidation signal at 0.6 V vs . SCE is recorded, so the response of this modified electrode, Pt|PTANIr2, is evaluated to determine its relationship with the concentration of the anion. Thus, it is verified that the best response is achieved by chrono-amperometry, obtaining a directly proportional relationship between the charge and the concentration, in an interval between 5 and 100 mg L−1 of the anion, with r2 = 0.996. Furthermore, it is found that the response of Pt|PTANIr2 is quite selective for nitrate, since there is no response for anions such as HPO4−, PO42-, ClO4−, F−, Cl−, Br−, I−, and NO2−, thereby contributing significantly to solving the main problem of devices of this type proposed so far. Finally, the surfaces were characterized by atomic force microscopy, showing a strong anion-polymer layer interaction. Thus, this material can be proposed to be tested as a columbimetric nitrate sensor, highlighting the possibility of varying the area of the electrode and/or the thickness of the deposited polymeric layer and with it, the sensitivity of the device.

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