Abstract Introduction: Chronic kidney disease is usually asymptomatic, and its diagnosis depends on laboratory tests, with emphasis on serum creatinine and proteinuria. Objective: To assess knowledge on the role of serum creatinine as a biomarker of kidney function in a sample of the Brazilian population. Method: Cross-sectional observational study conducted in São Paulo (SP, Brazil), in which a random adult population was interviewed. Results: A total of 1138 subjects were interviewed, with a median age of 36 years old (27–52); 55.1% were female. Regarding the “creatinine” biomarker, 40.6% stated they had never performed such a test. When asked about their knowledge on the usefulness of this exam, only 19.6% knew its function. The other responses were “I don’t know” (71.6%), evaluating heart function (0.9%) and liver function (7.8%). Of those who reported they had already taken a creatinine test, only 29.4% correctly identified the role of creatinine. When dividing the groups into “knows” and “does not know” the function of creatinine, a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) was observed regarding level of education, female sex, being a healthcare student/worker, having ever measured creatinine, knowing someone with kidney disease and older age. In the multivariate analysis, the main variable related to knowing the creatinine role was having previously taken the test (OR 5.16; 95% CI 3.16–8.43, p < 0.001). Conclusion: There is a significant lack of knowledge about creatinine and its use in checkups. The results indicate that greater efforts are needed from healthcare professionals to raise awareness on the role of serum creatinine.

Resumo Introdução: A doença renal crônica costuma ser assintomática e seu diagnóstico depende da realização de exames laboratoriais, com destaque para a creatinina sérica e pesquisa de proteinúria. Objetivo: Avaliar em uma amostra da população brasileira o conhecimento sobre o papel da creatinina sérica como marcador de função renal. Método: Estudo observacional transversal realizado na cidade de São Paulo (SP, Brasil), em que foi entrevistada uma população adulta aleatória. Resultados: Foram entrevistados 1138 indivíduos, com idade mediana de 36 anos (27–52); 55,1% do sexo feminino. Com relação ao marcador “creatinina”, 40,6% afirmaram que nunca realizaram tal dosagem. Quando questionados quanto ao conhecimento sobre a utilidade desse exame, somente 19,6% sabiam a sua função. As outras respostas foram “não sei” (71,6%), avaliar o funcionamento do coração (0,9%) e fígado (7,8%). Dos que afirmaram já terem realizado o exame de creatinina, somente 29,4% acertaram a função da creatinina. Ao dividir os grupos em “sabe” e “não sabe” a função da creatinina, percebeu-se diferença estatisticamente significante (p < 0,05) em relação ao grau de escolaridade, sexo feminino, ser aluno/trabalhador da saúde, ter dosado creatinina alguma vez, conhecer alguém com doença renal e maior idade. Na análise multivariada, a principal variável relacionada com conhecer a função da creatinina foi ter realizado o exame anteriormente (OR 5,16; IC 95% 3,16–8,43, p < 0,001). Conclusão: Há grande desconhecimento sobre a creatinina e seu uso em check-ups. Os resultados indicam que é necessário maior esforço por parte dos profissionais de saúde para divulgar o papel da creatinina sérica.

The work aims to present Stanislavski's pedagogical method as a practical proposal for comprehensive education, through an integrative bibliographic review. The searches were carried out in the GOOGLE Academic, SciELO and CAPES databases, covering the period from 2012 to July 2022, through the analysis in full from the dialogic discourse and statistical data from scientific journals, authorial literature by Stanislavski, dissertations and selected theses. The theoretical foundation is based on the notions of aesthetic education; Stanislavski's pedagogical methodology; of comprehensive education and socio-emotional skills, neuroscientifically grounded. Based on the description of the proposed theme, an attempt was made to improve practices for genuine comprehensive education, as proposed by the BNCC. In this way, education “for life” assumes the centrality of the human being in the pedagogical process, for learning based on the paradigm of complexity in which the student is the protagonist of his/her learning in an engaged, autonomous and interactive way foreseen in the pedagogical proposal of Stanislavski.

El trabajo tiene como objetivo presentar el método pedagógico de Stanislavski como una propuesta práctica para la educación integral, a través de una revisión bibliográfica integradora. Las búsquedas se realizaron en las bases de datos GOOGLE Academic, SciELO y CAPES, abarcando el período de 2012 a julio de 2022, a través del análisis completo del discurso dialógico y datos estadísticos de revistas científicas, literatura autoral de Stanislavski, disertaciones y tesis seleccionadas. La fundamentación teórica se basa en las nociones de educación estética; la metodología pedagógica de Stanislavski; educación integral y habilidades socioemocionales, fundamentadas neurocientíficamente. Con base en la descripción del tema propuesto, se intentó mejorar las prácticas para una verdadera educación integral, tal como lo propone la BNCC. De esta forma, la educación “para la vida” asume la centralidad del ser humano en el proceso pedagógico, para un aprendizaje basado en el paradigma de la complejidad en el que el estudiante es protagonista de su aprendizaje de forma comprometida, autónoma e interactiva prevista en la propuesta pedagógica de Stanislavski.

O trabalho objetiva apresentar o método pedagógico de Stanislavski como proposta prática para a educação integral, através de uma revisão bibliográfica integrativa. As buscas foram realizadas nas bases de dados GOOGLE Acadêmico, SciELO e CAPES, compreendendo o período de 2012 a Julho de 2022, através da análise na íntegra a partir da dialógica de discurso e dados estatísticos de periódicos científicos, literatura autoral de Stanislavski, dissertações e teses selecionados. A fundamentação teórica tem como pilares as noções da educação estética; da metodologia pedagógica de Stanislavski; da educação integral e habilidades socioemocionais, embasados neurocientificamente. A partir da descrição do tema proposto, buscou-se a melhoria das práticas para uma genuína educação integral, segundo proposta da BNCC. Desta forma, a educação “para a vida” pressupõe a centralidade do ser humano no processo pedagógico, para uma aprendizagem baseada no paradigma da complexidade na qual o estudante seja protagonista da sua aprendizagem de forma engajada, autônoma e interativa prevista na proposta pedagógica de Stanislavski.

Abstract Introduction Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) T2* technique is used to assess iron overload in the heart, liver and pancreas of thalassaemic patients. Optimal iron chelation and expected tissue iron response rates remain under investigation. The objective of this study was to analyse serum ferritin and the iron concentration in the heart, liver and pancreas measured by MRI T2*/R2* during regular chelation therapy in a real-world cohort of patients with thalassemia. Methods We evaluated thalassaemic patients ≥ 7 years old undergoing chelation/transfusion therapy by MRI and assessed serum ferritin at baseline and follow-up from 2004-2011. Results We evaluated 136 patients, 92% major thalassaemic, with a median age of 18 years, and median baseline ferritin 2.033ng/ml (range: 59-14,123). Iron overload distribution was: liver (99%), pancreas (74%) and heart (36%). After a median of 1.2 years of follow-up, the iron overload in the myocardium reduced from 2,63 Fe mg/g to 2,05 (p 0.003). The optimal R2* pancreas cut-off was 148 Hertz, achieving 78% sensitivity and 73% specificity. However, when combining the R2* pancreas cut off ≤ 50 Hertz and a ferritin ≤ 1222 ng/ml, we could reach a negative predictive value (NPV) of 98% for cardiac siderosis. Only 28% were undergoing combined chelation at baseline assessment, which increased up to 50% on follow up evaluation. Conclusions Chelation therapy significantly reduced cardiac siderosis in thalassaemic patients. In patients with moderate/severe liver iron concentration undergoing chelation therapy, ferritin levels and myocardium iron improved earlier than the liver siderosis.

Abstract A Penicillium sp. strain was isolated from corroded parts in the Coaracy Nunes hydroelectric power plant in Amapá State, Brazil. Morphological and molecular techniques identified this strain as Penicillium citreosulfuratum Biourge, whose 5.8S-ITS rDNA sequence grouped well in a phylogenetic tree with other Exilicaulis section species of the Penicillium genus. The obtained strain of P. citreosulfuratum ability to form biofilm on the surface of aluminum wires was confirmed by optical and scanning electron microscopy. In plates containing PDA or T&K media, the P. citreosulfuratum strain growth was inhibited around a paper disk containing a highly concentrated solution of copper, iron, or nickel. However, there was no inhibition halo around the paper disk containing aluminum and there was a faint halo around the paper disk containing zinc. This fungus was able to grow in a modified T&K liquid medium containing 50 mM of Al3+ and less efficiently in the same medium but containing 50 mM Zn2+. The essential oils of melaleuca, mint, thyme, and oregano at 100% inhibited the fungus growth. Oregano essential oil inhibited the P. citreosulfuratum strain growth in concentrations as low as 10%. In conclusion, the results show that the obtained strain of P. citreosulfurarum can form a biofilm on aluminum wires, it grows in the presence of a high concentrations of aluminum and zinc, and essential oils can control its growth.

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate participants’ perception of design satisfaction and self-confidence in learning through clinical simulation in cardiac arrest. Method: This is a descriptive and exploratory study with a quantitative approach, a quasi-experiment of a single group, before and after type, carried out in 2022 in the greater São Paulo area, Brazil. The study was carried out with 24 participants who were nursing professionals and undergraduate trainees at two basic health units. Results: There was a significant increase (p<0.05) in the level of knowledge after the simulation. When evaluating the design scale, an average of 4.55 was found for agreement and 4.55 for importance with the clinical simulation. There was an average score of 4.56 on the scale of satisfaction and self-confidence perceived by the participants in the clinical simulation. Conclusion: Clinical simulation enhances participants’ learning, promotes satisfaction and self-confidence, and using instruments to evaluate and apply the scenario are guidelines for effective clinical simulation.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Evaluar la percepción de los participantes sobre el diseño de la simulación, la satisfacción y la autoconfianza en el aprendizaje mediante simulación clínica en parada cardiorrespiratoria. Método: Estudio descriptivo y exploratorio con enfoque cuantitativo, cuasiexperimento con un único grupo, de tipo antes y después, realizado en 2022, en el área metropolitana de São Paulo, Brasil. El estudio se llevó a cabo con 24 participantes que eran profesionales de enfermería y estudiantes de graduación en prácticas en dos unidades básicas de salud. Resultados: se produjo un aumento significativo (p<0,05) del nivel de conocimientos tras la simulación. La evaluación de la escala de diseño mostró una media de 4,55 para el acuerdo y de 4,55 para la importancia con la simulación clínica. Hubo una puntuación media de 4,56 en la escala de satisfacción y autoconfianza percibida por los participantes en la simulación clínica. Conclusión: La simulación clínica mejora el aprendizaje de los participantes, fomenta la satisfacción y la autoconfianza, y el uso de instrumentos para evaluar y aplicar el escenario son pautas para una simulación clínica eficaz.

RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar a percepção dos participantes frente ao design da simulação, satisfação e autoconfiança na aprendizagem pela simulação clínica em parada cardiorrespiratória. Método: Pesquisa de natureza descritiva e exploratória, de abordagem quantitativa, um quase experimento de grupo único, tipo antes e depois, realizada em 2022, na grande São Paulo, Brasil. O estudo foi realizado com 24 participantes profissionais de enfermagem e estagiários da graduação em duas unidades básicas de saúde. Resultados: identificou-se aumento significativo (p<0,05) no nível de conhecimento após a simulação. Na avaliação da escala de design observou-se média de 4,55 na concordância e 4,55 na importância com a simulação clínica. Observou-se uma média de 4,56 na escala de satisfação e autoconfiança percebida pelos participantes na simulação clínica. Conclusão: a simulação clínica potencializa o aprendizado dos participantes, promove satisfação e autoconfiança e o uso de instrumentos para avaliação e aplicação do cenário são norteadores para uma simulação clínica eficaz.

ABSTRACT The increase in inflammatory markers associated with persistent chronic fibrosing myocarditis, a characteristic of chronic Chagas disease, can result in a reduction in inspiratory muscle strength (IMS) in Chagas cardiomyopathy (CC). However, literature in this field is still scarce. This review aimed to map and summarize the evidence regarding IMS in patients with CC. The inclusion criteria included reports with adult participants with a CC diagnosis, with or without heart failure (HF). The core concept examined was the maximum inspiratory pressure evaluated in the untrained and trained groups in the pre-training period. The context was open, including but not limited to hospitals and health centers. Two authors independently identified eligible studies and extracted the data. Descriptive synthesis was used as the primary strategy for analyzing the results. Nine studies (five clinical trials, three cross-sectional, and one cohort) were included. The CC classification differed among the studies, with no mention of HF in five and no CC staging specification in six. IMS was assessed using a manovacuometer, and only six studies analyzed and interpreted the data concerning the predicted values. The CC population with HF appeared to have impaired IMS. All studies involved only Brazilian volunteers. In conclusion, randomized clinical trials evaluating IMS and the effects of inspiratory muscle training need to be conducted to better understand the prevalence and risk of inspiratory muscle weakness in the CC population, as well as the effects of training. Such studies should be conducted at different stages of CC in different populations and countries.

Abstract The objective of this work was to manufacture pizza dough, truffle, and cake using the paste of a by-product from the vinification of 'BRS Violeta' grape, as well as to determine some bromatological characteristics of these products. The by-product was pressed to remove excess must and crushed to obtain the paste. The paste, pasteurized at 80°C for 3 min and frozen at -18°C, was characterized for total phenolic compounds (TPC), total monomeric anthocyanins (TMA), and dietary fiber. The food products were characterized for the following parameters: moisture, energy value, and protein, lipid, ash, dietary fiber, total carbohydrates, and TPC contents. The contents found in the paste were: 326 mg GAE 100 g-1, for TPC; 185 mg mv35diglc 100g-1, for TMA; and 10 g 100 g-1, for dietary fibers. Based on the centesimal compositions of the food products, the pizza dough and truffle can be considered as a source of fiber and protein, respectively. The products show TPC contents between 51 and 63 mg GAE 100 g-1. It is possible to prepare food products of good nutritional quality, using grape by-product paste, to minimize waste in the field.

Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho foi elaborar massa de pizza, bombom tipo trufa e bolo, a partir da pasta de coproduto da vinificação da uva 'BRS Violeta', bem como determinar algumas características bromatológicas desses produtos. O coproduto foi prensado, para retirada do excesso de mosto, e triturado para obtenção da pasta. A pasta, pasteurizada a 80°C por 3 min e congelada a -18°C, foi caracterizada quanto aos compostos fenólicos totais (CFT), às antocianinas monoméricas totais (AMT) e à fibra alimentar. Os produtos alimentícios foram caracterizados quanto aos seguintes parâmetros: umidade, valor energético, e teores de proteínas, lipídios, cinzas, fibras alimentares, carboidratos totais e CFT. Os teores encontrados na pasta foram: o de CFT foi 326 mg GAE 100 g-1; o de AMT foi 185 mg mv35diglc 100 g-1; e o de fibra alimentar foi 10 g 100 g- 1. Com base nas composições centesimais dos produtos alimentícios, a massa de pizza e a trufa são consideradas fontes de fibras e proteínas, respectivamente. Os produtos apresentam teor de CFT entre 51 e 63 mg GAE 100 g-1. É possível preparar produtos alimentícios de boa qualidade nutricional a partir de pasta de coproduto de uva, para minimizar o desperdício no campo.

Abstract Background The neuropeptide Y (NPY) is one of the most abundant neurotransmitters in the nervous system. NPY acts as a potent stimulator of angiogenesis, inflammation, and adipogenesis, through the NPY 2 receptor (NPY2R). Changes in the NPY signaling pathway have been linked to Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS). Objectives The purpose of this study is to determine the association between variants in the NPY and NPY2R genes, as well as the severity of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Methods Approximately 221 ACS patients and 278 healthy controls were selected for this study. Four variants in NPY and two variants in NPY2R genes were genotyped using Taqman allelic discrimination and sequencing. The Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were used to verify the genotype frequencies. The logistic regression analyses were used for the evaluation of the studied variables. Haplotype analysis was used to evaluate the linkage disequilibrium (LD) between the variants (p<0.05). Results An association of NPY c.20T>C variant was found with the ACS group when compared to the healthy group. In the analysis between variants and risk factors in the ACS group, NPY c.84G>A was associated with hypertension. The analysis between TIMI risk showed a significance for NPY c.20T>C between the low and intermediate/high TIMI risk groups. In the haplotype analysis, strong linkage disequilibrium (LD) was found between the variants NPY c.150G>A and NPY c.-485T>C. Conclusion The NPY c.20T>C variant appears to contribute to the development of ACS. The NPY2R c.-1116A>G variant may contribute to the early development of ACS and the NPY c.84G>A variant appears to contribute to the development of hypertension. In addition, the NPY c.20T>C is associated with a protective effect in ACS severity.

The production of hot-dip galvanized steel presents great challenges, because it is currently the main raw material in the manufacturing of automobiles, and its surface quality is fundamental for the construction of automobiles. Obtaining the best surface appearance in galvanized steels is directly related to understanding the phenomena involved in the galvanizing process. In this process, achieving thermal and chemical stability of the galvanizing pot means keeping top-dross formation under control. The top-dross is the main problem to be controlled, because it impacts the surface quality of coated steel. Some studies have been conducted to understand the formation of top-dross particles into the zinc bath, but little is known about the path of the particles formed from the melting ingots. In this study, the trajectories of these particles were simulated. It has been found that, depending on the immersion depth, dross particles may have different destinations.

Abstract Mining is an important economic activity in the modern world. However, despite the generated benefits, mining produces tremendous volumes of tailings, an environmental liability with numerous adverse effects. Researches about contaminant transport in tailings dam are important to assess the degree of contamination and to propose preventive or remedial measures. In geotechnical practice, the flow of solutes is generally characterized by numerical solution of the Richards equation to describe water movement followed by advection-dispersion equation to describe contaminant movement. This study aimed to model and simulate contaminant transport in a laboratory column test, using a new analytical formulation and mathematical codes, through tailings in transient unsaturated conditions. The analytical solution for the Richards equation was used to simulate the variation in the volumetric water content and to determine the transient contaminant plume using the advection-dispersion equation subsequently. The models were used to calibrate experimental data from hydraulic characterization and contamination tests. Finally, the normalized contaminant plume (cw/c0) was simulated as a function of time and space. Comparisons with experimental data showed that the analytical formulations adequately expressed the process of contaminant infiltration through the unsaturated porous medium. The formulations offered effectively and are configured as a new approach to solve various contamination problems in transient unsaturated conditions, providing insights into many complex processes that occur in the lab tests and requires far less computational effort compared with current programs to modeling the solute transport using numerical solutions, as the versatile commercial Software HYDRUS.

Abstract The pursuit of quality of life, which has become marked in recent years, has translated into important population health benefits. This study assessed the quality of life of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) who received pharmaceutical care, and their satisfaction with the service provided in community pharmacies. This single blind, randomized controlled clinical trial included 100 patients. The intervention group (N=47) received pharmaceutical care by a clinical pharmacist and the control group (N=42) received standard care. The Quality of Life Diabetes Questionnaire (DQOL) was used to measure all participants´ quality of life at study enrollment and six months later. Satisfaction of the participants in the intervention group was measured using a validated 14-items questionnaire. At the end of the study, participants in the intervention group had a statistically significant improvement in DQOL scores ( -0.62 x 1.57, p < 0.001) and were highly satisfied with the intervention (96% excellent satisfaction scores). Pharmaceutical care practice was associated with high satisfaction and increased quality of life scores in T2DM patients. These results underscore the important role of pharmacists to improve the health of diabetic patients.

RESUMO Este estudo objetivou comparar os efeitos agudos entre uma sessão de treinamento de força de alta versus moderada intensidade sobre marcadores inflamatórios em mulheres com obesidade severa. Estudo experimental do tipo cross-over, realizado com mulheres adultas com obesidade severa (IMC ≥ 40,0 kg/m²; idade ≥ 18 anos). Cada participante realizou uma sessão de treinamento de força de alta e de moderada intensidade (HIRT e MIRT, respectivamente) com intervalo de 7 dias entre as sessões. Quatro exercícios foram realizados em ambos os protocolos, com volume total de treino equalizado. O MIRT consistiu em 3 séries de 8 repetições cada, com intensidade de 75% de 1RM, enquanto o HIRT consistiu em 2 séries de 6 repetições, seguidas de um descanso de 20 segundos, com nova execução de 2 a 3 repetições, com mais um descanso de 20s e finalização com mais 2 a 3 repetições, com intensidade de 85% de 1RM. Amostras de sangue foram coletadas antes, 15 minutos após e 24 horas após ambos os protocolos de treino. Os marcadores inflamatórios analisados foram IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α e IFN-γ. Nove participantes completaram a intervenção (n=9; 35,2 ± 10,93 anos; IMC = 48,3 ± 5,06 kg/m²). O teste U de Mann-Whitney mostrou que não houve diferença significativa entre HIRT e MIRT na concentração dos marcadores. O teste de Friedman não mostrou diferenças significativas entre as medidas intragrupo para HIRT e MIRT. Esta pesquisa sugere que uma única sessão de treinamento de força de alta ou moderada intensidade não altera o estado inflamatório de mulheres com obesidade severa.

ABSTRACT This study objective to compare the acute effects between one resistance training bout with high versus moderate intensities on inflammatory markers in women with severe obesity. Experimental crossover study, performed with adult women with severe obesity (BMI ≥ 40.0 kg/m²; age ≥ 18 years old). Each participant performed a high and moderate intensity resistance training (HIRT and MIRT, respectively) with an interval of 7 days between bouts. Four exercises were performed in the both protocols, with total training volume equalized. MIRT consisted of 3 sets of 8 repetitions each, with an intensity of 75% of 1RM, while HIRT consisted of 2 sets of 6 repetitions, followed by a 20-second rest, with a new performance of 2 to 3 repetitions, with one more rest of 20s and finishing with 2 to 3 more repetitions, at an intensity of 85% of 1RM. Blood samples were collected before, 15 minutes after and 24 hours after both training protocols. The inflammatory markers analyzed were IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α and IFN-γ. Nine participants have completed the intervention (n=9; 35.2 ± 10.93 years old; BMI = 48.3 ± 5.06 kg/m²). The Mann-Whitney U test showed that there was no significant difference between the HIRT and MIRT in the concentration of markers. Friedman's test did not report significant differences between intragroup measures for the HIRT as well as MIRT. This research suggests that a single session of high or moderate intensity resistance training does not change the inflammatory status of women with severe obesity.

Abstract Adenocalymma axillarum (K.Schum.) L.G. Lohmann is a liana belonging to the family Bignoniaceae. In traditional medicine, the genus Adenocalymma is used to treat fever, skin ailments, and body, joint, and facial muscle pains, and it is also applied as cosmetic. Biological assays conducted with the A. axillarum crude leaf ethanol extract have indicated leishmanicidal activity and absence of cytotoxicity. This study aimed to analyze the A. axillarum leaf ethanol crude extract by high-performance liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry- diode array detector (HPLC-HRMS-DAD) and to evaluate the leishmanicidal and cytotoxic activities of this crude extract, its fractions, and isolated compounds. HPLC-HRMS-DAD analysis of this extract revealed that it consisted mainly of flavonoids, with nine major compounds. Extract purification yielded 4-hydroxy-N-methylproline, 6-β-hydroxyipolamiide, quercetin-3-O-robinobioside, hyperin, isorhamnetin-3-O-robinobioside, and 3’-O-methylhyperin, which were identified by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. The isolated compounds were inactive against Leishmania amazonensis promastigotes and human lung fibroblast cells.

Abstract Background Cathepsin D (CatD) is a lysosomal proteolytic enzyme expressed in almost all tissues and organs. This protease is a multifunctional enzyme responsible for essential biological processes such as cell cycle regulation, differentiation, migration, tissue remodeling, neuronal growth, ovulation, and apoptosis. The overexpression and hypersecretion of CatD have been correlated with cancer aggressiveness and tumor progression, stimulating cancer cell proliferation, fibroblast growth, and angiogenesis. In addition, some studies report its participation in neurodegenerative diseases and inflammatory processes. In this regard, the search for new inhibitors from natural products could be an alternative against the harmful effects of this enzyme. Methods An investigation was carried out to analyze CatD interaction with snake venom toxins in an attempt to find inhibitory molecules. Interestingly, human CatD shows the ability to bind strongly to snake venom phospholipases A2 (svPLA2), forming a stable muti-enzymatic complex that maintains the catalytic activity of both CatD and PLA2. In addition, this complex remains active even under exposure to the specific inhibitor pepstatin A. Furthermore, the complex formation between CatD and svPLA2 was evidenced by surface plasmon resonance (SPR), two-dimensional electrophoresis, enzymatic assays, and extensive molecular docking and dynamics techniques. Conclusion The present study suggests the versatility of human CatD and svPLA2, showing that these enzymes can form a fully functional new enzymatic complex.