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Carcinoma de paratiroides. Una enfermedad rara de difícil diagnostico. Reporte de un caso clínico
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Duque, Carlos S.

; Palacio, María F.

; Martelo, Alfredo

; Sierra, Natalia

Cirugía paraguaya

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apr 2023, Volume 47 N. 1 Pages 27 - 29

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT Parathyroid carcinoma is a rare tumor with occasional hormonal activity and symptoms of severe hypercalcemia. Diagnosis is achieved through pathology study and intraoperative findings. Surgery is often the treatment of choice. This is the case of a 61-year-old woman with a preoperative diagnosis of a 4 cm left thyroid nodule-follicular neoplasm (Bethesda category IV) treated with surgery, and with final diagnosis of parathyroid carcinoma. Surgical management and adjuvant therapy with radiotherapy were administered.

RESUMEN El carcinoma de paratiroides es un tumor raro. Ocasionalmente presenta actividad hormonal y sintomatología sugestiva de hipercalcemia severa. Al diagnóstico se llega estudiando la patología y los hallazgos intraoperatorios, siendo la cirugía su principal forma de tratamiento. Presentamos una paciente de 61 años con diagnóstico preoperatorio de nódulo tiroideo izquierdo de 4 cm, Bethesda IV (neoplasia folicular) derivado a cirugía diagnosticándose finalmente carcinoma de paratiroides. Se realizó manejo quirúrgico y adyuvancia con radioterapia.

https://doi.org/10.18004/sopaci.2023.abril.27

Synergistic antimicrobial potential of EGCG and fosfomycin against biofilms associated with endodontic infections
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DUQUE, Cristiane

; SOUZA, Amanda Caselato Andolfatto

; AIDA, Kelly Limi

; PEREIRA, Jesse Augusto

; CAIAFFA, Karina Sampaio

; SANTOS, Vanessa Rodrigues dos

; COSME-SILVA, Leopoldo

; PRAKKI, Anuradha

Journal of Applied Oral Science

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2023, Volume 31 elocation e20220282

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Objective This study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxicity and synergistic effect of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and fosfomycin (FOSFO) on biofilms of oral bacteria associated with endodontic infections. Methodology This study determined minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentration (MIC/MBC) and fractionated inhibitory concentration (FIC) of EGCG and FOSFO against Enterococcus faecalis, Actinomyces israelii, Streptococcus mutans, and Fusobacterium nucleatum. Monospecies and multispecies biofilms with those bacteria formed in polystyrene microplates and in radicular dentin blocks of bovine teeth were treated with the compounds and control chlorhexidine (CHX) and evaluated by bacterial counts and microscopy analysis. Toxicity effect of the compounds was determined on fibroblasts culture by methyl tetrazolium assays. Results The combination of EGCG + FOSFO demonstrated synergism against all bacterial species, with an FIC index ranging from 0.35 to 0.5. At the MIC/FIC concentrations, EGCG, FOSFO, and EGCG+FOSFO were not toxic to fibroblasts. EGCG+FOSFO significantly reduced monospecies biofilms of E. faecalis and A. israelli, whereas S. mutans and F. nucleatum biofilms were eliminated by all compounds. Scanning electron microscopy of multispecies biofilms treated with EGCG, EGCG+FOSFO, and CHX at 100x MIC showed evident biofilm disorganization and substantial reduction of extracellular matrix. Confocal microscopy observed a significant reduction of multispecies biofilms formed in dentin tubules with 84.85%, 78.49%, and 50.6% of dead cells for EGCG+FOSFO, EGCG, and CHX at 100x MIC, respectively. Conclusion EGCG and fosfomycin showed a synergistic effect against biofilms of oral pathogens related to root canal infections without causing cytotoxicity.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-7757-2022-0282

Multidisciplinary Scientific Cruises for Environmental Characterization in the Santos Basin – Methods and Sampling Design
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Moreira, Daniel L.

; Dalto, Adriana G.

; Figueiredo JR, Alberto G.

; Valerio, Aline M.

; Detoni, Amalia M. S.

; Bonecker, Ana C. T.

; Signori, Camila N.

; Namiki, Cláudia

; Sasaki, Dalton K.

; Pupo, Daniel V.

; Silva, Danilo A.

; Kutner, Deborah S.

; Duque-Castaño, Diana C.

; Marcon, Eduardo H.

; Gallotta, Fabiana D. C.

; Paula, Fabiana S.

; Gallucci, Fabiane

; Roque, Gabriela C. F.

; Campos, Giulia S.

; Fonseca, Gustavo

; Mattos, Gustavo

; Lavrado, Helena P.

; Silveira, Ilson C. A. da

; Costa, Jessica O.

; Santos Filho, João R. dos

; Carneiro, Juliane C.

; Moreira, Julio C.F.

; Rozo, Laura

; Araujo, Leandro F.M.

; Lazzari, Letícia

; Silva, Letícia O. da

; Michelazzo, Luan S.

; Fernandes, Luciano F.

; Dottori, Marcelo

; Araújo Jr., Marcus A. G. de

; Chuqui, Mateus G.

; Ceccopieri, Milena

; Borges-Silva, Milton

; Kampel, Milton

; Bergo, Natascha M.

; Silva, Paulo V. M.

; Tura, Pedro M.

; Moura, Rafael B. de

; Romano, Renato G.

; Martins, Renato P.

; Carreira, Renato S.

; Toledo, Rodrigo G.A.

; Bonecker, Sérgio L.C.

; Disaró, Sibelle T.

; Rodrigues, Silvana V.

; Corbisier, Thais N.

; Vicente, Thaisa M.

; Paiva, Vitor G. de

; Pellizari, Vivian H.

; Belo, Wellington C.

; Brandini, Frederico P.

; Sousa, Silvia H.M

Ocean and Coastal Research

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2023, Volume 71 Suppl. 3 elocation e23022

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract The Santos Basin (SB) is the main petroliferous basin in the Brazilian continental margin and one of the most studied marine areas in Brazil. However, historical data suggest that new efforts should be carried out to acquire quantitative biological data, especially in the deep sea, to establish the baseline of essential ocean variables in different ecosystems for future monitoring programs. The Brazilian energy company Petrobras planned and executed 24 oceanographic cruises over a period of 2 years to assess the benthic (SANSED cruise) and pelagic (SANAGU cruise) systems of the SB (356 days at sea in 2019 and 2021/2022). These efforts were part of the Santos Project, which comprised a comprehensive environmental study aimed at investigating benthic and pelagic variables to characterize ecology, biogeochemistry, thermohaline properties of water masses, and ocean circulation patterns, geomorphology, and sedimentology, as well as organic and inorganic chemistry. Here we present the detailed sampling designs and the field methods employed on board, during the SB scientific cruises. All sampling protocols were based on standardized approaches. For the benthos analyses, triplicate sediment samples were performed using a GOMEX-type box corer (0.25 m²) or a large modified Van Veen grab (0.75 m²) at 100 stations ranging from 25 to 2400 m depth. At each station, 25 geochemical and physico-chemical parameters were analyzed in addition to micro-, meio-, and macrofauna and living foraminifera samples. For the pelagic system, 60 stations were selected to investigate the plankton community, ranging in size from pico- to macroplankton, through vertical, horizontal, and oblique net hauls (20, 200, and 500 μm mesh size), as well as 25 biogeochemical parameters collected with an aid of a CTD-rosette sampler. Part of this scientific information also serves the Regional Environmental Characterization Project (PCR-BS) in support of Petrobras’ Santos Basin drilling licensing process led by the Brazilian Environmental Agency – IBAMA. This project contributes to the sustainable development of the SB, in line with the guidelines of the United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2675-2824071.22072dlm

Venomous snakes of medical importance in the Brazilian state of Rio de Janeiro: habitat and taxonomy against ophidism
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Duque, B. R.

; Bruno, S. F.

; Ferreira, V.

; Guedes, T. B.

; Machado, C.

; Hamdan, B.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2023, Volume 83 elocation e272811

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Snakebite envenoming is a major global health problem that kills or disables half a million people in the world’s poorest countries. Identifying the biting snake and its habitat use is key to understanding snakebite eco-epidemiology and optimizing its clinical management. To prevent and combat the neglected snakebite disease, we characterize the morphology, geographic distribution, habitat use, and snakebites of medically important venomous snakes in the state of Rio de Janeiro (Brazil). Despite Philodryas spp. not being considered of medical importance by the Brazilian Ministry of Health, we also explore their data once the bites may require medical intervention, may cause death, and their consequences are underestimated. Methods: We assessed taxonomy and geographic data from specimens housed in scientific collections, the literature, and the Notifiable Diseases Information System. Our data revealed fragility in the morphological characters recommended to distinguish Bothrops jararaca from B. jararacussu, identify the subspecies of Crotalus durissus and distinguish the species of Philodryas. To help identify these species, we present an identification key to the venomous snake species from Rio de Janeiro based on the morphological data collected. We record the genera Bothrops and Micrurus in all mesoregions of the state. Here, we provide the first record of C. durissus in the Serrana region, supporting the hypothesis of geographic expansion of the species in the state. The crotalic antivenom must not be missing in Médio Paraíba, Centro-Sul Fluminense, and Serrana, where the rattlesnake C. durissus occurs. Bothrops bilineatus and Lachesis muta have historical records presented for the first time herein. However, these species are likely endangered or extinct in the state. There were 7,483 snakebites reported between 2001 and 2019, with an annual average of 393.8 cases. The Bothrops genus is responsible for the majority of accidents. The highest number of cases occurred in the Serrana region, the largest pole of family agriculture in Rio de Janeiro. We improve the identification of venomous snake species, better delimit their distribution, and update the number of cases of snakebites, thus providing greater precision in the attention to this problem in Rio de Janeiro. We emphasize the importance of clinical studies to test using bothropic-crotalic antivenom and heparin in all mesoregions to treat B. jararacussu envenomation; and mechanical ventilation, atropine, and anticholinesterases in the emergency health centers in the Metropolitana and Norte Fluminense regions due to the occurrence of the coral M. lemniscatus in these areas.

Resumo O envenenamento com serpentes de importância médica é um grande problema de saúde global que mata ou incapacita meio milhão de pessoas nos países mais pobres do mundo. A identificação de serpentes de importância médica e aspectos de sua história de vida é fundamental para compreender a eco-epidemiologia dos acidentes ofídicos e otimizar seu manejo clínico. Para prevenir e combater a doença negligenciada do ofidismo, caracterizamos os dados de morfologia, distribuição, uso de habitat e acidentes ofídicos das serpentes peçonhentas de importância médica no estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Apesar de Philodryas spp. não serem consideradas de importância médica pelo Ministério da Saúde do Brasil, também apresentamos seus dados porque suas picadas podem exigir intervenção médica, causar morte e suas consequências são subestimadas. Foram avaliados dados morfológicos e de habitat de espécimes pertencentes a coleções cientificas, literatura e dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação. Nossos dados revelaram caracteres morfológicos frágeis recomendados para distinguir Bothrops jararaca e B. jararacussu, para identificar as subespécies de cascavel Crotalus durissus e para distinguir as serpentes cipó Philodryas spp. Para auxiliar na identificação dessas espécies apresentamos uma chave de identificação para as mesmas com base nos dados morfológicos coletados. Registramos os gêneros Bothrops e Micrurus em todas as mesorregiões do estado. Já o soro anticrotálico não pode faltar no Médio Paraíba, Centro-Sul Fluminense e Serrana, onde encontramos a cascavel Crotalus durissus. Aqui estendemos o registro da cascavel pela primeira vez para a região Serrana, corroborando a hipótese da expansão da espécie no estado. Bothrops bilineatus e Lachesis muta possuem registros históricos aqui apresentados pela primeira vez. Essas espécies provavelmente estão ameaçadas ou extintas no estado. Foram 7,483 acidentes entre 2001-2019, com média anual de 393.8. O gênero Bothrops é responsável pela maioria dos acidentes. O maior número de casos ocorreu na região Serrana, maior polo da agricultura familiar do Rio de Janeiro. Aperfeiçoamos a identificação das espécies de serpentes de importância médica, delimitamos melhor sua distribuição e atualizamos os acidentes ofídicos, proporcionando maior precisão na atenção ao ofidismo no estado do Rio de Janeiro. Ressaltamos a importância de estudos clínicos para testar o uso de soro antibotrópico-crotálico e heparina em todas as mesorregiões para o tratamento do ofidismo B. jararacussu e ventilação mecânica, atropina e anticolinesterásicos nos prontos-socorros das regiões Metropolitana e Norte Fluminense pela ocorrência do coral M. lemniscatus.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.272811

Comportamiento productivo y estabilidad fenotípica de Hordeum vulgare L. en Colombia
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Campuzano-Duque, Luis Fernando

; Avendaño-Avendaño, Diego Fernando

; Luque-Sanabri, Nadia Yurani

Agronomía Mesoamericana

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apr 2022, Volume 33 N. 1 elocation 44392

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Introducción. La incorporación de 40 mil hectáreas de cebada (Hordeum vulgare L.) para la industria de cerveza en Colombia, con una producción proyectada de 80 mil t año-1 en el periodo 2016 a 2026, permitirá reducir la importación en un 60 %; no obstante, el cumplimiento de esta meta requiere de variedades de cebada de alto rendimiento y calidad. Objetivo. Identificar una variedad de cebada con rendimiento de grano estable y superior a 2,6 t ha-1 asociada con tolerancia al volcamiento, menor severidad a la roya amarilla en la hoja y espiga y calidad física del grano para la industria cervecera. Materiales y métodos. Entre 2016 y 2017, se realizó una prueba de evaluación agronómica en la región Andina colombiana, en un diseño de bloques completos al azar, con ocho variedades de cebada de dos hileras introducidas a Colombia. Se determinaron: maduración fisiológica, volcamiento, severidad a Puccinia striiformis f. sp hordei en la hoja y espiga, rendimiento de grano y peso hectolítrico. Resultados. Las variedades Madi y S5 con rendimientos de grano de 2,89 y 2,61 t ha-1, respectivamente, fueron superiores en 24 y 16 % en relación con Metcalfe y 19 y 11 % en comparación con Maltera 5. Ambas variedades presentaron estabilidad fenotípica amplia, tolerancia al volcamiento, menor severidad de la roya en la hoja y espiga y con un peso hectolítrico apropiado para la industria cervecera. Conclusión. Las características de producción, estabilidad fenotípica y calidad física del grano, de las variedades Madi y S5, las vuelve candidatas comerciales para la industria cervecera y con dominio de recomendación en el altiplano Cundiboyacense en Colombia, previa validación con una prueba semi comercial.

Abstract Introduction. The incorporation of 40 thousand hectares of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) for the beer industry in Colombia, with a projected production of 80 thousand t yr-1 in the period 2016 to 2026, will allow to reduce imports by 60 %. However, meeting this goal requires high-yielding, high-quality barley varieties. Objective. To identify a barley variety with stable grain yield and higher than 2.6 t ha-1 associated with tolerance to tipping, lower severity to yellow rust on the leaf and ear, and physical quality of the grain for the brewing industry. Materials and methods. Between 2016 and 2017, an agronomic evaluation trial was carried out in the Colombian Andean region, in a randomized complete block design, with eight two-row barley varieties introduced to Colombia. The physiological maturity, tipping, severity to Puccinia striiformis f. sp hordei in the leaf and ear, grain yield, and hectoliter weight were determined. Results. The Madi and S5 varieties with grain yields of 2.89 and 2.61 t ha-1, respectively, were 24 and 16 % higher than Metcalfe and 19 and 11 % higher than Maltera 5. Both varieties showed broad phenotypic stability, tolerance to tipping, lower severity of leaf and ear rust, and a hectoliter weight suitable for the brewing industry. Conclusion. The production characteristics, phenotypic stability, and physical quality of the grain of Madi and S5 varieties make them commercial candidates for the brewing industry and for recommendation in the Cundiboyacense highlands of Colombia, after validation with a semi-commercial trial.

https://doi.org/10.15517/am.v33i1.44392

Study of Carbohydrate Hydrolysis From Arracacha Roots (Arracada Xanthorriza Bancroft) to Produce Fermentable Sugars
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Carranza-Saavedra, Darwin

; Alvarado-Nuñez, Jorge A.

; Solanilla-Duque, José F.

; Valenzuela-Real, Claudia P.

Ingeniería e Investigación

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aug 2021, Volume 41 N. 2 elocation e105

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

RESUMEN En Colombia se producen aproximadamente 855 840 toneladas anuales de arracacha. La raíz de arracacha postcosecha no vendible (Arracacia xanthorriza Bancroft) no se comercializa, principalmente debido a daños mecánicos o raíces pequeñas y deformadas. En este trabajo, las muestras secas fueron caracterizadas y sometidas a dos tratamientos: uno con hidrólisis térmica aplicando vapor saturado a presiones de 0,1034 MPa, 0,2068 MPa y 0,4137 MPa; y el otro de hidrólisis con ácido sulfúrico en concentraciones entre 0,25-2,00 M. Luego, la torta resultante del proceso de hidrólisis y filtración se hidrolizó enzimáticamente (Liquozyme SC DS, Novozymes) a 1,5, 5 y 10 KNU/g (pH 6, 80 °C, 2 h). Se evaluaron los inhibidores de fermentación (ácido acético y furfural) en el mejor pretratamiento. Los resultados mostraron que el tratamiento con ácido sulfúrico a 1,00 M (2 h) tiene altos rendimientos en azúcares reductores adicionados a hidrólisis enzimática. También se alcanzó el nivel máximo de carbohidratos fermentables por gramo de muestra seca (1,04 g/g). En cuanto a los agentes inhibidores de la fermentación del azúcar reductor, se encontró una mayor concentración de ácido acético con contenido furfural menor. Por tanto, los residuos de arracacha son una materia prima prometedora para incrementar la oferta de bioetanol.

ABSTRACT In Colombia, approximately 855 840 tons of arracacha are produced each year. The unsalable post-harvest arracacha root (Arracacia xanthorriza Bancroft) is not commercialized, mainly due to mechanical damage or small and misshapen roots. In this work, dry samples were characterized and subjected to two treatments: one using thermal hydrolysis, applying saturated steam at pressures of 0,1034 MPa, 0,2068 MPa, and 0,4137 MPa; and another one using hydrolysis with sulfuric acid in concentrations between 0,25-2,00 M. Then, the cake resulting from the hydrolysis and filtration process was enzymatically hydrolyzed (Liquozyme SC DS, Novozymes) at 1,5, 5 and 10 KNU/g (pH 6, 80 °C, 2 h). Fermentation inhibitors (acetic acid and furfural) were evaluated in the best pretreatment. The results showed that the treatment with sulfuric acid at 1,00 M (2 h) has high yields in reducing sugars added to enzymatic hydrolysis. The maximum level of fermentable carbohydrates per gram of dry sample (1,04 g/g) was also reached. Regarding the fermentation inhibitors of the reducing sugar, a higher concentration of acetic acid was found with a lower furfural content. Therefore, arracacha discards are a promising raw material to increase the supply of bioethanol.

https://doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.v41n2.87365 66 downloads

Aplicación web para el análisis de emociones y atención de estudiantes
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Piedrahíta-Carvajal, Alejandro

; Rodríguez-Marín, Paula Andrea

; Terraza-Arciniegas, Daniel F.

; Amaya-Gómez, Mauricio

; Duque-Muñoz, Leonardo

; Martínez-Vargas, Juan David

TecnoLógicas

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aug 2021, Volume 24 N. 51 Pages 62 - 76

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen El análisis de emociones y el monitoreo del nivel de atención de los estudiantes en entornos virtuales permite a los docentes tomar acciones para mejorar los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Por esta razón, este trabajo presenta la integración de dos modelos: uno para el reconocimiento de emociones y otro para el análisis de atención, ambos con el objetivo de hacer monitoreo durante la interacción de un estudiante en entornos virtuales. Dicha integración se realiza en una plataforma web desarrollada en el entorno flask, en la que se pueden ejecutar los modelos de inteligencia artificial utilizados para la interacción. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que la plataforma podría ser utilizada por docentes como mediadores del conocimiento, para entender el comportamiento de los estudiantes en entornos virtuales tanto síncronos como asíncronos, y para tomar acciones que mejoren la experiencia de aprendizaje. Como ventaja adicional, los resultados aquí mostrados resaltan las ventajas que trae utilizar el Modelo Vista Controlador (MVC) en aplicaciones web, empleando e integrando técnicas de inteligencia artificial a través del framework Flask.

Abstract Analyzing and monitoring students’ attention level in virtual environments allows teachers to take actions to improve teaching-learning processes. This study introduces the integration of two models, one for emotion recognition and one for attention analysis, both of them aimed at monitoring the interactions of students in virtual environments. Such integration was completed on a web platform employing the Flask framework, where the artificial intelligence models used to analyze the interaction can be executed. The results obtained show that teachers, as knowledge mediators, can use the platform to understand the behavior of the students in synchronous and asynchronous virtual environments and take actions to improve learning experiences. The results also highlight the advantages of employing the Model-View-Controller (MVC) pattern in web applications, using and integrating artificial intelligence techniques through the Flask framework.

https://doi.org/10.22430/22565337.1821 60 downloads

Hectopsylla pulex (Haller, 1880) (Siphonaptera: Tungidae) infestation on Eptesicus furinalis (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) in the Central Andes of Colombia
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Cepeda-Duque, Juan C.

; Ruiz-Correa, Luis F.

; Cardona-Giraldo, Alexandra

; Ossa-López, Paula A.

; Rivera-Páez, Fredy A.

; Ramírez-Chaves, Héctor E.

Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia

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2021, Volume 61 elocation e20216138

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Bat ectoparasites have a complex natural history narrowly tied to their hosts at ecological, behavioral, and evolutionary scales. As flying and social organisms, bats represent a potential mechanism of dispersal, a source of feeding, and a roost for ectoparasite reproduction. The chiggerflea Hectopsylla pulex (Siphonaptera: Tungidae) is widely distributed across the Neotropics. Females of this ectoparasite have been found in their neosomal form on bats of the family Molossidae, Noctilionidae, Phyllostomidae, and Vespertilionidae. Here we present the record of infestation of chiggerfleas on the Argentine bat, Eptesicus furinalis (Vespertilionidae) in Colombia, representing the first record of the flea on this species, and providing novel genetic information of this poorly known flea species.

https://doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2021.61.38 200 downloads

Altoandina: nueva variedad de avena forrajera para la zona Andina en Colombia
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Campuzano-Duque, Luis F.

; Castro-Rincón, Edwin

; Castillo-Sierra, Javier

; Torres-Cuesta, Daniel

; Nieto-Sierra, David

; Portillo-Lopez, Paola A.

Agronomía Mesoamericana

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dec 2020, Volume 31 N. 3 Pages 577 - 591

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Introducción. La evaluación y selección de nuevas especies forrajeras con atributos apropiados de producción y calidad es una estrategia segura y eficaz para mejorar la eficiencia de los sistemas de producción de leche en Colombia. Objetivo. Describir el proceso de desarrollo y las principales características de Altoandina, nueva variedad de avena forrajera. Materiales y métodos. Durante el segundo semestre de 2016 se realizó una prueba de evaluación agronómica (PEA) en cuatro localidades de la subregión Altiplano Cundiboyacense y en cuatro localidades de la subregión Altiplano de Nariño, en un diseño de bloques completos al azar, con dos genotipos de avena forrajera AV25-S y AV25-T y tres variedades (Avenar, Cajicá, Cayuse). Resultados. AV25-S y AV25-T presentaron: tolerancia al volcamiento, a diferencia de los tres testigos que mostraron un volcamiento superior al 30 %; resistencia a la roya de la hoja y del tallo y rendimiento de forraje verde de 64,6 y 65,3 t ha-1, respectivamente, superior al obtenido en Avenar (55,5), en Cajicá (43,7) y en Cayuse (59,1). Conclusión. AV25-T por su tolerancia a volcamiento, resistencia a la roya de la hoja y del tallo y rendimiento de forraje verde superior a las variedades comerciales, fue inscrita en el sistema nacional de cultivares como nueva variedad forrajera denominada Altoandina, con recomendación para la subregión Altiplano Cundiboyacense y Altiplano de Nariño.

Abstract Introduction. The evaluation and selection of new fodder species with appropriate production and quality attributes is a safe and effective strategy to improve the efficiency of milk production systems in Colombia. Objective. To describe the development process and the main characteristics of Altoandina, a new variety of fodder oats. Materials and methods. During the second half of 2016, an agronomic assessment test (PEA) was carried out in four locations in the Altiplano Cundiboyacense subregion and in four locations in the Altiplano of Nariño subregion, in a randomized complete block design, with two genotypes of fodder oats AV25-S and AV25-T and three varieties (Avenar, Cajica, Cayuse). Results. AV25-S and AV25-T showed: tolerance to overturn unlike the three controls that showed a overturn of more than 30%, resistance to leaf and stem rust, and green forage performance of 64.6 and 65.3 t ha-1, respectively, higher than that obtained in Avenar (55.5), Cajica (43.7) and Cayuse (59.1). Conclusion. AV25-T for its tolerance to overturning, resistance to leaf and stem rust and green fodder yield superior to commercial varieties, was registered in the national cultivar system as a new fodder variety called Altoandina, with recommendation for the Cundiboyacense Altiplano and Nariño Altiplano.

https://doi.org/10.15517/am.v31i3.38999

10.

Microbiological characteristics of infections in a group of colombian patients with oncological diagnosis, 2014 - 2016
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Martínez, José W.

; Gutiérrez-Ocampo, Estefanía

; Valencia-Arango, Daniel

; Henao-Martínez, Juan F.

; Sánchez-Duque, Jorge A.

Infectio

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sep 2020, Volume 24 N. 3 Pages 182 - 186

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Objetivo: Describir las características microbiológicas de las infecciones en pacientes de un centro oncológico durante 2.014-2.016 Métodos: Estudio descriptivo, transversal. Incluyó 7.837 cultivos de 1.216 pacientes. Se recolectaron variables microbiológicas y sociodemográficas de pacientes diagnosticados con cáncer en las sedes de Pereira, Armenia, Manizales y Cartago de Oncólogos de Occidente S.A. durante 2.014 hasta 2.016. Los perfiles de resistencia bacteriana se definieron de acuerdo con la guía CLSI. Los focos de cultivo fueron sangre, orina, biopsias de tejidos, piel y tejidos blandos, membranas mucosas y heces. Resultados: La tasa de cultivo positivo fue del 27,94%. De 2.190 aislamientos, E. coli (22,42%) fue el más frecuente, seguido de K. pneumoniae (21,27%), P. aeruginosa (13,83%) y S. aureus (5,11%). Los principales mecanismos de resistencia identificados en Gram negativos fueron β-lactamasas de espectro extendido (45,45%) y β-lactamasa de tipo AmpC (37,71%). Discusión: Cerca de un tercio de los cultivos de los participantes fueron positivos y una vasta mayoría fueron gram negativos, provistos con ESBL o AmpC, lo que en pacientes oncológicos es un desenlace catastrófico. Recomendamos establecer políticas de dispensación de antibióticos, logrando así un control de riesgo microbiológico y mejorar la vigilancia epidemiológica. No se recomienda el uso empírico de betalactámicos con espectro extendido o cefalosporinas de 1 a 3 generación debido a la alta tasa de resistencia encontrada.

Abstract Objective: We aimed to describe the microbiological characteristics of infections in patients from an oncological center during 2.014-2.016. Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study, a total of 7.837 cultures corresponding to 1.216 patients were included. Microbiological and sociodemographic data were taken from cancer diagnosed patients admitted to Oncólogos de Occidente S.A. in Pereira, Armenia, Manizales and Cartago from January 2.014 to December 2.016. The bacterial resistance profiles were defined according to the CLSI guideline. Culture foci were blood, urine, tissue biopsies, skin and soft tissues, mucous membranes and feces. Results: The culture-positive rate was 27,94%. Amongst 2.190 isolates, Escherichia coli (22,42%) was the most frequent, followed by Klebsiella pneumonia (21,27%), Pseudomona aeruginosa (13,83%) and Staphylococcus aureus (5,11%). The most common mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance in Gram-negatives were Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase (45,45%) and AmpC-type β-lactamases (37,71%). Discussion: Up to nearly one-third of our participants’ cultures were positive and a vast majority were gram-negatives, provided with ESBLs or AmpCs which in oncological patients it is a catastrophic outcome. We recommend to establish antibiotic dispensing policies thus achieving a microbiological risk control and improve the epidemiological surveillance. Empirical use of beta-lactams with extended spectrum or cephalosporins of 1 to 3 generation is not recommended due to the high resistance found.

https://doi.org/10.22354/in.v24i3.864 715 downloads

11.

Desempeño productivo de siete genotipos de soya en suelos ácidos de la Orinoquía colombiana
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Caicedo-Guerrero, Samuel

; Tibocha-Ardila, Yuli

; Campuzano-Duque, Luis F.

; Flórez-Gómez, Deisy L.

; Arguelles-Cardenas, Jorge

Agronomía Mesoamericana

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apr 2020, Volume 31 N. 1 Pages 59 - 68

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Introducción. En Colombia, la soya es una de las principales materias primas para la elaboración de alimentos balanceados para animales; demanda que solo fue satisfecha en 7 % en el 2007. En el país, esta leguminosa solo se produce en la Orinoquía, como parte del sistema de rotación arroz-maíz-soya, y su producción comercial actual está asociada con las variedades Soyica P-34 (Altillanura) y Corpoica Superior 6 (Piedemonte), las cuales presentan susceptibilidad a Cercospora sojina, que comprometen el rendimiento. Objetivo. El objetivo de este trabajo fue identificar genotipos de soya con adaptación específica para los suelos ácidos oxisoles (Altillanura) e inceptisoles (Piedemonte) con rendimiento de grano superior y menor afectación por Cercospora sojina K. Hara. Materiales y métodos. Se realizó una prueba de evaluación agronómica (PEA) constituida de siete genotipos y dos variedades comerciales como testigos, en seis localidades ubicadas en dos subregiones de la Orinoquía (Altillanura y Piedemonte) durante el año 2011, en un diseño de bloques completos al azar (DBCA) y cuatro repeticiones. Se utilizó el modelo AMMI y su grafico biplot para determinar la estabilidad fenotípica con la variable rendimiento de grano. Resultados. El modelo AMMI explicó el 81,8 % de la interacción genotipo x localidad con los dos primeros componentes principales; el gráfico biplot permitió identificar tres genotipos de soya candidatos a variedad, dos con adaptación específica para la Altillanura (L-062 y L-103) y uno para el Piedemonte (L-189). Estos genotipos presentaron rendimientos de grano superiores en un 8 %, y una menor afectación por Cercospora sojina en relación con los testigos comerciales. Conclusión. El estudio permitió que tres genotipos de soya se seleccionaran e incribieran como variedades comerciales en el Sistema Nacional de Cultivares del ICA como Corpoica Guayuriba (L-189), Corpoica Achagua (L-062) y Corpoica Iraca (L-103), de acuerdo con su adaptación específica por subregión.

Abstract Introduction. In Colombia, soy is one of the main raw materials for the production of feed for animals, demand that was only satisfied in 7% in 2007. In the country, this legume is only produced in the Orinoquía region, as part of the rice-corn-soybean rotation system, and its current commercial production is associated with the Soyica P-34 (Altillanura) and Corpoica Superior 6 (Piedemonte) varieties, which are susceptible to Cercospora sojina, which compromise yield. Objetive. The objective of this work was to identify soy genotypes with specific adaptation for acid soils oxisoles (Altillanura) and inceptisoles (Piedemonte) with superior grain yield a lower affectation by Cercospora sojina K. Hara. Materials and methods. An agronomic evaluation test (PEA) consisting of seven genotypes and two commercial varieties was carried out as controls in six localities located in two sub-regions of the Orinoquía (Altillanura and Piedemonte) during 2011, in a randomized complete block design (DBCA) and four repetitions. The AMMI model and its biplot graph were used to determine the phenotypic stability with the variable grain yield. Results. The AMMI model explained 81.8% of the genotype x locality interaction with the first two main components, the biplot graph allowed to identify three soy genotypes candidates for variety, two with specific adaptation for the Altillanura (L-062 and L-103), and one for Piedemonte (L-189). These genotypes showed higher grain yields by 8% and a lower affectation by Cercospora sojina in relation to commercial witnesses. Conclusion. The study allowed three soy genotypes to be selected and registered as commercial varieties in the National Cultivation System of the ICA as Corpoica Guayuriba (L-189), Corpoica Achagua (L-062) and Corpoica Iraca (L-103), according to their specific adaptation by sub-region.

https://doi.org/10.15517/am.v31i1.34440 7398 downloads

12.

Alimentação na Demência Avançada: Documento de Consenso da Sociedade Portuguesa de Medicina Interna e da Associação Portuguesa de Nutrição Entérica e Parentérica
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Pessoa, Ana

; Almeida, Paulo

; Marinho, Ricardo

; Duque, Sofia

; Amaral, Teresa F.

; Pinho, João

; Santos, Mariana

; Freire, Elga

; Mendes, Lino

; Santos, Lèlita

; Marinho, Aníbal

; Clara, João Gorjão

; Correia, João Araújo

Medicina Interna

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mar 2020, Volume 27 N. 1 Pages 77 - 85

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

A demência é uma síndrome neurológica de agravamento progressivo, sem cura, cuja prevalência tem vindo a aumentar devido ao envelhecimento da população. Existe um grande desconhecimento entre profissionais de saúde e cuidadores relativamente à melhor abordagem da alimentação nos doentes com demência avançada. Dado não existirem recomendações nacionais acerca deste tema, foi elaborado um documento de consenso da Sociedade Portuguesa de Medicina Interna e da Associação Portuguesa de Nutrição Entérica e Parentérica que explicita as orientações existentes relativas à abordagem dos problemas alimentares nos doentes com demência avançada. A demência avançada é uma condição terminal em que deve ser privilegiado o conforto do doente, frequen-temente acamado, incapaz de comunicar verbalmente e com dificuldade na alimentação. Nesta população, a literatura atual não recomenda o uso de alimentação por sonda (nasogástrica, nasojejunal, gastrostomia percutânea ou jejunostomia percutânea), que está associada a maior risco de infeção, maior utilização de meios de contenção e desenvolvimento de úlceras de decúbito. Como alternativa, recomenda-se a alimentação por via oral de acordo com a tolerância e vontade do doente (alimentação de conforto). Do ponto de vista ético e legal, é legítimo não proceder à artificialização da alimentação na fase terminal da demência caso este procedimento seja contrário aos valores da pessoa e não se objetivem benefícios. Esta decisão deve ser tomada após discussão multidisciplinar incluindo o doente (se possível), representante legal, cuidadores, família e equipa de profissionais de saúde envolvidos, elaborando um plano individual de cuidados que permita a tomada de decisões no melhor interesse do doente.

Dementia is a progressive neurological syndrome without cure whose prevalence is increasing due to population ageing. There is a lack of knowledge among healthcare professionals and caregivers regarding the best feeding approach in patients with advanced dementia. As there are no national recommendations on this subject, a consensus report from the Portuguese Society of Internal Medicine and the Portuguese Enteral and Parental Nutrition Society was made, clarifying existing guidelines regarding the approach of eating difficulties in these patients. Advanced dementia is a terminal condition where patient comfort should be the goal. These patients are usually bedbound, have limited ability to communicate verbally and have difficulty eating. In this population, current literature does not support tube feeding (nasogastric tube, nasojejunal tube, percutaneous gastrostomy or percutaneous jejunostomy feeding), which is associated with higher rates of infection, greater use of chemical and physical restraints and development of pressure ulcers. As an alternative, careful hand feeding should be offered (comfort feeding). From an ethical and legal standpoint, it is acceptable not to use tube feeding in the terminal phase of dementia if it is against patient values and offers no benefits. This decision should be made using a multidisciplinary approach including the patient (if possible), legal representative, caregivers, family and healthcare professionals, in order to establish an individual care plan allowing decision making in the patient’s best interest.

https://doi.org/10.24950/Guidelines/Consensus/1/2020 1148 downloads

13.

¿Es útil el filtro para luz azul de los lentes intraoculares y aéreos para mejorar la salud visual? Una revisión sistemática de la literatura
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Domínguez-Salgado, L. Andrés

; Chávez-Orta, Sebastián I.

; Duque-Rodríguez, Miguel Á.

; Franco-Contreras, Janette J.

; Herbert-Anaya, Daniel A.

; Montes-Rodríguez, María F.

; Zermeño-Arce, Alejandro J.

; Patiño-López, María I.

; Pierdant-Pérez, Mauricio

; Gordillo-Moscoso, Antonio A.

Revista mexicana de oftalmología

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feb 2020, Volume 94 N. 1 Pages 23 - 38

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Introducción: Blue light can induce retinal damage. Nowadays technological devices emit high levels of this light. Up to 90% of users experience symptoms including eyestrain, headaches, ocular discomfort, dry eye and blurred vision. Some ophthalmic devices like spectacle lenses and intraocular lenses (IOLs) absorb blue light. Benefits have been suggested as well as possible disadvantages. Objective: To analyze if the use of blue light filters reduces ocular damage produced from blue light spectrum. Method: The databases used were PubMed, BVS, BIG, Academic Search Complete, Science Direct, Wiley Online Library, SpringerLink, Medic Latina, OvidSP, Trip Database, Clinical Key and UpToDate. A second query was performed to increase the number of studies that were analyzed with the OPMER scale. Results: Several studies show that blue light filter IOLs have benefits in ocular health with low adverse effects. For other ophthalmic devices like spectacle lenses, evidence is lacking. Nevertheless, it seems to be beneficial. Conclusions: The studies suggest there are no significant harmful effects of blue-blocking IOLs on visual performance and could be an option to reduce the risk of development of age-related macular degeneration. With the use of spectacle lenses there was a reduction in eye fatigue, suggesting it may help to ameliorate visual impairment. It is known that the use of blue light filters in vitro minimizes the damage to retinal cells but data in humans is inconclusive, especially regarding spectacle lenses.

Resumen Introducción: La luz azul puede inducir daño retiniano. Hoy en día, los dispositivos electrónicos emiten altos niveles de este tipo de luz. Cerca del 90% de los usuarios experimentan síntomas como ojo seco, cefalea y visión borrosa. Algunos dispositivos oftalmológicos, como lentes aéreos e intraoculares, absorben la luz azul. Se han sugerido diversos beneficios y desventajas sobre su uso diario. Objetivo: Analizar si el uso de filtros de luz azul reduce el daño ocular inducido por este espectro de luz. Metodología: Se emplearon las siguientes bases de datos PubMed, BVS, BIG, Academic Search Complete, Science Direct, Wiley Online Library, SpringerLink, Medic Latina, OvidSP, Trip Database, Clinical Key and UpToDate. Se realizó una recuperación secundaria para incrementar el número de estudios para su posterior análisis con la escala OPMER. Resultados: Diversos estudios demuestran que los filtros para lentes intraoculares tienen beneficios con pocos eventos adversos. En cuanto a los filtros para lentes aéreos, falta más investigación, pero parecen tener efectos beneficiosos. Conclusiones: Los estudios sugieren que no hay efectos perjudiciales en cuanto a desempeño visual con el uso de lentes intraoculares y pueden ser una opción para reducir el riesgo de desarrollar degeneración macular relacionada con la edad. Con el uso de filtros para lentes aéreos se observó una reducción en la fatiga ocular y pueden ayudar a mejorar la discapacidad visual. Es conocido que el uso de estos filtros in vitro minimiza el daño retiniano, pero la evidencia en humanos no es concluyente.

https://doi.org/10.24875/rmo.m20000104 1134 downloads

14.

Chemical composition of various plant extracts and their in vitro efficacy in control of Fasciola hepatica eggs
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Marques, Larice Tosi

; Guedes, Roselena Abreu

; Rodrigues, Winner Duque

; Archanjo, Anderson Barros

; Severi, Juliana Aparecida

; Martins, Isabella Vilhena Freire

Ciência Rural

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2020, Volume 50 N. 5 elocation e20190363

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: A fasciolose tem sido diagnosticada em bovinos, caprinos, ovinos e equinos no sul e sudeste do Brasil, sendo que tratamentos alternativos mais eficazes são alvos de estudo. Umas das alternativas promissoras é o uso de extratos vegetais no controle dessa e outras enfermidades. O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar a análise fitoquímica dos extratos de Eugenia uniflora L., Harpagophytum procumbens, Psidium guajava L. e Stryphnodendron adstringens, além de avaliar a eficácia in vitro desses extratos na atividade ovicida em Fasciola hepatica. Os extratos vegetais foram obtidos e analisados para determinação fitoquímica. Ovos de F. hepatica foram coletados diretamente das vesículas biliares de animais diagnosticados como positivos para fasciolose no exame post mortem. Cem ovos foram incubados com três mililitros de cada extrato nas concentrações de 0,10%, 0,25% e 0,50%, de albendazol a 0,50% (controle positivo) e água de torneira (controle negativo). Para determinar a eficácia de cada extrato vegetal os ovos eclodidos foram contados, e a média utilizada para os cálculos de eficácia. A análise fitoquímica revelou a presença de compostos fenólicos, taninos e terpenos na maioria dos extratos. O extrato de E. uniflora L. apresentou eficácia de 100% na concentração de 0,10%, o de H. procumbens a 0,25% e os extratos de P. guajava L. e S. adstringens apresentaram 100% de eficácia em todas as concentrações testadas. Assim, sugere-se que a atividade ovicida em F. hepatica seja devido à presença desses compostos bioativos.

ABSTRACT: Fasciolosis has been diagnosed in cattle, goats, sheep and horses in southern and southeastern Brazil. Effective alternative treatments are the targets of study. One promising alternative is the use of plant extracts. The aim of this study was to perform phytochemical analysis of extracts of Eugenia uniflora L., Harpagophytum procumbens, Psidium guajava L. and Stryphnodendron adstringens, and to evaluate the in vitro efficacy of these extracts on ovicidal activity in Fasciola hepatica. Plant extracts were analyzed for phytochemical properties. F. hepatica eggs were collected directly from the gallbladders of animals diagnosed as positive for fasciolosis on post mortem examination. One hundred eggs were incubated with 3 ml of each extract at concentrations of 0.10%, 0.25% and 0.50%, albendazole 0.50% (positive control) or tap water (negative control). To determine anti larval efficacy of each plant extract, hatched eggs were counted and the averages were used. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of phenolic compounds, tannins and terpenes in most extracts. E. uniflora L. extract was 100% effective at 0.10%, H. procumbens was effective at 0.25% and P. guajava L. and S. adstringens extracts were 100% effective at all concentrations tested. Taken together, the data suggested that ovicidal activity in F. hepatica is due to the presence of these bioactive compounds.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20190363 1377 downloads

15.

Diseño del encofrado para muros usando encofrados modulares
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Martínez, Carlos A.

; Díaz, Juan F.

; Duque, Robinson

TecnoLógicas

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dec 2019, Volume 22 N. spe Pages 3 - 20

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen El concreto u hormigón es uno de los materiales más versátiles usados en la construcción. En la actualidad, se usa extensivamente en la industria, ya que puede ser moldeado de formas casi arbitrarias a través de moldes rígidos denominados encofrados. La manera en que se disponen los distintos elementos para formar el encofrado y las restricciones asociadas, genera retos computacionales interesantes que impactan directamente la industria de la construcción. En este artículo se propone la implementación de un modelo de restricciones que genera encofrados para muros rectilíneos usando formaletas modulares. Este enfoque se basa en la descomposición de muros y su representación en instancias del problema de cambio de monedas. Para este propósito, se utiliza el concepto de descomposición rectangular orientada para simplificar la entrada del problema y abordar la solución como un problema de optimización por restricciones (COP). Los experimentos con entradas de prueba ofrecen soluciones en tiempos inferiores a 200 segundos, cuyo resultado es un enfoque práctico y eficiente para la compleja tarea del diseño de encofrados.

Abstract Concrete is one of the most versatile materials used in construction. At present, it is extensively employed in the industry as it can be molded in almost any shape through rigid molds called formwork. The arrangement of the different elements that compose the formwork and its associated restrictions pose interesting computational challenges that directly impact the construction industry. In this article, we propose the implementation of a model with constraints that generates a formwork layout for rectilinear walls using modular forms. This approach is based on the decomposition of walls and their representation as instances of the change-making problem. For that purpose, we used the concept of oriented rectangular decomposition to simplify the problem input and address the solution as a Constraint Optimization Problem (COP). The experiments with test inputs provided solutions in less than 200 seconds, thus offering a practical and efficient approach to the complex task of formwork design.

https://doi.org/10.22430/22565337.1509 1321 downloads

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