Abstract Introduction: The seeds of Jatropha curcas L. are used for the elaboration of regional dishes. An easy method of propagation would be useful for producers who market or consume seeds of this species. Objective: Test a method of vegetative propagation of J. curcas, planted in the field, for human consumption. Materials and methods: The vegetative propagation was carried out in the spring with 55 cm-stakes, obtained from secondary and tertiary branches from 28 years old trees. The cuttings were planted 3 m away in a loamy clay loam soil with pH of 7.21, and 1.11 % organic matter. The growth was evaluated at 120 days. Total carbohydrates were determined by a colorimetric method, two months before and eight months after field establishment. Results and discussion: Cuttings of J. curcas secondary branches with exfoliating bark and diameter of 3.6 to 4.0 cm at the base, at the beginning of propagation, achieved greater height, number of branches and greater concentration of total carbohydrates before and after establishment. This vegetative material is recommended for the propagation of J. curcas in the field. The cuttings of tertiary branches with diameters of 1.6 to 1.9 cm had mortality of 17 %, reduced capacity to generate branches and lower concentration of carbohydrates. Conclusions: The propagation of J. curcas, by cuttings, was successful in the open field; it was not necessary to use a greenhouse, auxins for rooting or polyethylene bags, prior to establishment.

Resumen Introducción: Las semillas de Jatropha curcas L. (piñón o piñoncillo) son utilizadas para la elaboración de platillos regionales. Un método fácil de propagación sería útil para los productores que comercializan o consumen semillas de esta especie. Objetivo: Probar un método de propagación vegetativo de J. curcas, plantada en campo, para consumo humano. Materiales y métodos: La propagación vegetativa se hizo en primavera con estacas de 55 cm de longitud, obtenidas de ramas secundarias y terciarias de árboles de 28 años. Las estacas se plantaron a 3 m de distancia en un suelo franco arcillo arenoso con pH 7.21, y 1.11 % de materia orgánica. El crecimiento se evaluó a los 120 días. Los carbohidratos totales se determinaron por un método colorimétrico, dos meses antes y ocho meses después del establecimiento en campo. Resultados y discusión: Las estacas de ramas secundarias de J. curcas con corteza exfoliante y diámetro de 3.6 a 4.0 cm en la base, al inicio de su propagación, alcanzaron mayor altura, número de ramas y mayor concentración de carbohidratos totales antes y después del establecimiento. Este material vegetativo es el recomendado para la propagación de J. curcas en campo. Las estacas de ramas terciarias con diámetros de 1.6 a 1.9 cm tuvieron mortalidad de 17 %, reducida capacidad para emitir ramas y menor concentración de carbohidratos. Conclusión: La propagación de J. curcas, por estacas, fue exitosa a la intemperie; no fue necesario el uso de invernadero, auxinas para enraizamiento ni bolsas de polietileno, previo al establecimiento.

Abstract In this study, phenotypic methods presented >80% agreement with the molecular identification of 59 Candida parapsilosis complex. Growth at 15% NaCl or pH 7.0 significantly reduced cfu-counts of Candida orthopsilosis, suggesting these conditions may support the development of phenotypic methods for the differentiation of the cryptic species of C. parapsilosis complex.

Foram determinadas as relações genéticas entre acessos de pinhão-manso (Jatropha curcas), com base no marcador AFLP. Um conjunto de 50 indivíduos de 12 acessos de pinhão-manso foi analisado com dados moleculares de 164 locos AFLP gerados de 17 combinações de iniciadores. A análise da variância de dados moleculares foi realizada pela decomposição total entre e dentro de acessos. Foi construído um dendrograma UPGMA com base nas distâncias genéticas estimadas pelo coeficiente de similaridade de Jaccard. O dendrograma apresentou boa definição, com valor cofenético de 0,91. Foram observados agrupamentos dos indivíduos de seis dos 12 acessos estudados os quais, apresentaram similaridade superior a 30%, evidenciando a alta variabilidade genética. A variação entre acessos foi estimada em 0,275, indicando alta variabilidade genética. A variabilidade genética dos acessos de pinhão-manso está geneticamente estruturada em função da origem e um maior número de populações deve ser amostrado para ampliar a diversidade da coleção de germoplasma.

The genetic relationships between accessions of Jatropha (Jatropha curcas) were determined based on AFLP marker. A set of 50 plants from 12 accessions of J. curcas was analyzed with molecular data from 164 loci generated from 17 AFLP primer combinations. Molecular variance of data was analyzed by total decomposition between and within accessions. An UPGMA dendrogram was constructed based on genetic distances estimated by Jaccard's similarity coefficient. The well-defined dendrogram showed a cophenetic value of 0.91. Groups of plants were observed in six of the 12 accessions studied with similarity of over 30 %, indicating high genetic variability. The variation among accessions was estimated to be 0.275, also indicating high variability. These results show that the genetic variability of the studied J. curcas accessions is structured according to the origin and that a greater number of populations should be sampled to increase the genetic diversity of the studied genebank.

Com o objetivo de avaliar o comportamento silvicultural e a produtividade de genótipos de pinhão manso sob condições irrigadas no Semiárido nordestino, um experimento foi implantado na Fazenda Gabriela, localizada no Município de Santa Maria da Boa Vista, Pernambuco (PE). Usou-se o delineamento de blocos ao acaso com 10 tratamentos e três repetições. Os tratamentos constaram de 10 genótipos obtidos da seleção de plantas mais produtivas de um plantio introdutório de pinhão manso em Petrolina-PE. O espaçamento utilizado foi de 3,0 x 2,0m. Cada planta, por ocasião do plantio, foi adubada com 150g de NPK - fórmula 06:24:12. As plantas foram irrigadas semanalmente por gotejamento. Os resultados obtidos aos três meses de idade foram submetidos à análise de variância, sendo as médias comparadas pelo teste de Duncan, considerando-se uma probabilidade de 5%, para identificar a diferença significativa entre os genótipos. Os valores obtidos para os diferentes genótipos aos três meses de idade, para sobrevivência (100%), altura das plantas (1,3m) e número de inflorescências por planta (12), não apresentaram diferenças significativas, enquanto que o número de bifurcações, com variação de 3,6 a 5,3 bifurcações por planta, foi significativamente diferente. Por ter se sobressaído dentre os genótipos estudados na avaliação feita aos 12 meses quanto à altura de planta (2,7m), ao diâmetro do caule (6,3cm), ao número de frutos por planta (1.211) e à produção de sementes (3.542kg ha-1), o genótipo 2304 pode ser recomendado para pesquisas com melhoramento vegetal que visem ao aumento da produção de sementes da espécie J. curcas.

This research aimed to evaluate the silvicultural behavior and the yield of different genotypes of physic nut under irrigated conditions in the Semi-arid zone of Pernambuco State. An experiment was carried out at Gabriela Farm, located in the municipality of Santa Maria da Boa Vista-PE, Brazil. The experimental design was a completely randomized block with ten treatments and three replications. Treatments consisted of ten genotypes obtained from a previous selection of the most productive plants of a physic nut collection located in the municipality of Petrolina-PE, Brazil. Plant spacing was 3.0m x 2.0m. Each plant was fertilized with 150g of NPK (formula 06:24:12) at sowing time. The plants were weekly watered by dripping irrigation system. The data at three months after planting were submitted to statistical analysis and the means compared by the test of Duncan at the level of 5% of probability. Genotypes showed good silvicultural behavior at three months age. Although there was not significant difference among genotypes for plant survival (100%), plant height (1.3m) and number of inflorescences per plant (12), it was observed significant difference for number of bifurcations that varied from 3.6 to 5.3 bifurcations per plant. At twelve month evaluation, genotype 2304 was superior to the other genotypes in plant height (2.7m), steam diameter (6.3cm), number of fruit per plant (1,211) and seed production (3,542kg ha-1). It is recommended 2304 genotype for plant breeding research, which can improve seed productivity of J. curcas species.