O presente trabalho teve por objetivo estudar as isotermas de dessorção da polpa de banana nos estádios madura e semiverde (Musa acuminata L.) da variedade Prata, para as temperaturas de 20; 30 e 40 ºC pelo método gravimétrico estático, na faixa de atividade de água de 0,48 a 0,81. Os dados experimentais obtidos foram ajustados por regressão não linear, pelos modelos de BET, GAB, Halsey e Oswin, escolhendo-se o melhor, mediante o valor do coeficiente de determinação (R²) e erro médio relativo (E). Os modelos que apresentaram o menor erro relativo (E) e o maior coeficiente de determinação (R²), foram os de Oswin e GAB, respectivamente. O de GAB foi escolhido por ser triparamétrico, o que permite melhor ajuste dos dados até a atividade de água de 0,9.

The present work had for objective to study desorption isotherms of the pulp of banana in the mature and semigreen stadium (Musa acuminata) of the Silver variety, at temperatures of 20; 30 and 40 ºC for static gravimetrical method in the band water activity from 0.48 to 0.81. The experimental curves that were fitted for no-linear regression, for models of BET, GAB, Halsey and Oswin, choosen the best, by means of the value of the determination coefficient (R²) and relative average error (E). Models had presented minor relative error (E) and the biggest determination coefficient (R²) that respectively were of Oswin and GAB. The GAB was picked out to be triparametric, which lets a better adjustment of curves up to water activities to 0.9.

The presence of saponins and the molluscicidal activity of the roots, leaves, seeds and fruits of Swartzia langsdorffii Raddi (Leguminosae) against Biomphalaria glabrata adults and eggs were investigated. The roots, seeds and fruits were macerated in 95% ethanol. These extracts exerted a significant molluscicidal activity against B. glabrata, up to a dilution of 100 mg/l. Four mixtures (A2, B2, C and D) of triterpenoid oleanane type saponins were chromatographically isolated from the seed and fruit extracts. Two known saponins (1 and 2) were identified as beta-D-glucopyranosyl-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1->3)- beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl-(1->3)]-3beta-hydroxyolean-12-ene-28 -oate, and beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->3)-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl-(1 ->3)]-3beta-hydroxyolean-12-ene-28-oate, respectively. These two saponins were present in all the mixtures, together with other triterpenoid oleane type saponins, which were shown to be less polar, by reversed-phase HPLC. The saponin identifications were based on spectral evidence, including ¹H-¹H two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy, nuclear Overhauser and exchange spectroscopy, heteronuclear multiple quantum coherence, and heteronuclear multiple-bond connectivity experiments. The toxicity of S. langsdorffii saponins to non-target organisms was prescreened by the brine shrimp lethality test.