Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos genéticos aditivos e não aditivos sobre a eficiência de uso de P e a responsividade ao nutriente em linhagens de milho. Nove linhagens contrastantes - eficientes ou não quanto ao uso de P - foram avaliadas em cruzamentos dialélicos, em delineamento de blocos ao acaso, por dois anos, sob dois níveis de disponibilidade do nutriente em Latossolo Vermelho-Escuro distrófico. As linhagens L3 e L228-3 apresentaram os maiores efeitos médios da capacidade geral de combinação (CGC, ), o que é indício de eficiência, na ausência de P, e de responsividade, na presença. Os cruzamentos L51502020 x L22 e L36 x L56.800.84 apresentaram os maiores efeitos médios da capacidade específica de combinação (CEC, ), na presença e na ausência de P, respectivamente. Os componentes quadráticos para CGC foram superiores aos da CEC, na ausência de P, e inferiores, na presença, o que mostra que os efeitos aditivos predominaram na eficiência de uso, e os não aditivos, na responsividade ao nutriente. A capacidade combinatória dos genótipos interagiu com os ambientes; portanto, a seleção do melhor progenitor e da melhor combinação híbrida deve ser realizada para ambiente específico. As linhagens apresentam complementariedade gênica quanto à eficiência de uso de P.

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate additive and nonadditive genetic effects on responsiveness and the P use efficiency by maize lines. Nine contrasting inbred lines - efficient or not regarding their P use efficiency - were evaluated in diallel crosses, in a randomized complete block design, for two years, under two availability levels of the nutrient in an Oxisol. The lines L3 and L228-3 showed the highest average effects for general combining ability (GCA, ), indicating use efficiency in the absence of P, and responsiveness, in the presence. The crosses L51502020 x L22 and L36 x L56.800.84 had the highest average effects for specific combining ability (SCA, ) in the presence and in the absence of P, respectively. The quadratic components for GCA were higher than those of SCA, in the absence of P, and lower in the presence, showing that the additive effects predominated in P use efficiency, and the nonadditive ones predominated in the plant responsiveness to the nutrient. The genotype combining ability interacted with the environments; therefore, the selection of the best parent and of the best hybrid combination should be done in specific environments. The inbred lines show genic complementary action regarding P use efficiency.

The catalytic decomposition of soybean oil was studied in a fix bed reactor at 673 and 773 K and using amorphous silica-alumina and the zeolites USY, H-Mordenite and H-ZSM-5 as catalysts. Both the selectivity and the catalytic activity were determined by studying the product composition resulting from the chemical reactions. Physicochemical characteristics of the catalysts were obtained by X-ray fluorescence, Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy, 29Si and 27Al Nuclear Magnetic Ressonance and textural analysis. The zeolites USY and H-ZSM-5, showing higher Brönsted acidity, yielded products with higher concentration in aromatic hydrocarbons, whereas with both H-Mordenite and amorphous silica-alumina the main products were paraffins.