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Assessing bone mineral density in children and adolescents living with HIV and on treatment with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate: a systematic review
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Gusmão, Maria Brennda Ferreira de

; Oliveira, Vinícius Vital de

; Santos, Natália Maria da Silva

; Melo, Luciana Costa

Revista Paulista de Pediatria

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2024, Volume 42 elocation e2023042

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the impact of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate on bone mineral density and bone mineral content in children and adolescents infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. Data source: The search procedure was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Statement. The search was carried out until April 2022 in Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (Medline), Embase, Cochrane Central, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature, Web of Science, Scopus, and MedRxiv. The combination of terms used was: (Children OR Youth OR Teenagers) AND HIV AND (Tenofovir OR “Antiretroviral therapy”) AND (“Bone density” OR Osteoporosis OR Osteopenia). The protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO, CRD42022312851) Data synthesis: The initial searches resulted in 1156 papers. After the exclusion of duplicate studies, three blinded reviewers analyzed the title and abstract of 563 papers, of which 57 remained to be read in full. Only nine papers met the eligibility criteria and were included in descriptive and risk-of-bias analyses. Regarding study design, four were cross-sectional, three were longitudinal before-after studies without a control group, and two were prospective cohorts. Among these nine papers, seven showed no significant association between tenofovir disoproxil fumarate use and reduced bone mass in young people. However, these papers did not have high methodological quality. Conclusions: Although most of the selected papers found no harmful effect of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate on bone mass, further primary research with higher methodological quality is needed so robust scientific evidences can be obtained.

RESUMO Objetivo: Investigar o impacto do tenofovir disoproxil fumarato sobre a densidade mineral óssea e o conteúdo mineral ósseo em crianças e adolescentes infectados pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana. Fontes de dados: O procedimento de busca foi executado de acordo com o Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Statement. A busca foi realizada até abril de 2022 nas seguintes bases de dados: Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (Medline), Embase, Cochrane Central, Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (Lilacs), Web of Science, Scopus, and MedRxiv. A combinação de termos utilizada foi: (Children OR Youth OR Teenagers) AND HIV AND (Tenofovir OR “Antiretroviral therapy”) AND (“Bone density” OR Osteoporosis OR Osteopenia). O protocolo foi registrado na base International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews — PROSPERO (CRD42022312851). Síntese dos dados: As pesquisas iniciais resultaram em 1.156 artigos. Após a exclusão dos estudos duplicados, três revisores cegos analisaram título e resumo de 563 estudos, dos quais 57 permaneceram para leitura na íntegra. Somente nove artigos atenderam aos critérios de elegibilidade e foram incluídos para análises descritivas e de risco de viés. Com relação ao desenho dos estudos, quatro foram transversais, três foram estudos longitudinais antes-depois sem grupo controle e dois foram coortes prospectivas. Dos nove artigos, sete não mostraram associação significativa entre uso de TDF e redução de massa óssea em pessoas jovens. Entretanto, esses estudos não tiveram alta qualidade metodológica. Conclusões: Embora a maioria dos estudos selecionados não tenha encontrado efeito prejudicial do TDF sobre massa óssea, novas pesquisas primárias com maior qualidade metodológica são necessárias para que sejam obtidas evidências científicas robustas.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-0462/2024/42/2023042

HIV and AIDS in the state of Paraná, Brazil, 2007-2022: trends and spatiotemporal distribution
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Montanha, Rafaela Marito

; Gioia, Thamy Barbara

; Ramos, Antônio Carlos Vieira

; Ferreira, Natalia Marciano de Araujo

; Torres, Miguel Angel Fuentealba

; Pimenta, Rosângela Aparecida

; Kerbauy, Gilselena

; Arcêncio, Ricardo Alexandre

; Pieri, Flávia Meneguetti

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia

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2024, Volume 27 elocation e240015

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the spatiotemporal evolution of the incidence rates of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) in the state of Paraná, Brazil. Methods: An ecological study with an analytical component of time series analysis was conducted in the state of Paraná from 2007 to 2022. The data source was the Notifiable Diseases Information System. To study the trend, the Prais–Winsten generalized linear regression model was used by decomposing the time series, and for spatial analysis, the Moran's index was applied. Results: The total sample consisted of 50,676 HIV/AIDS records. The incidence rate showed an increasing trend, with an average growth of 2.14% [95% confidence interval – 95%CI 1.16–3.13] per month. From 2007 to 2014 and from 2015 to 2022, the average number of cases in the state was 105.64 and 159.20 per 100,000 inhabitants, respectively, with significant variation among municipalities. Spatial clusters of high risk persisted in the metropolitan region, the capital, and coastal areas, and a new cluster was observed in the northern region of the state. Conclusion: The incidence rates of HIV/AIDS showed an upward trend over time. The number of cases varied considerably in some municipalities, especially in the coastal region. Spatial analysis revealed geospatial patterns of high risk in the main metropolitan areas of Paraná: Curitiba (including the coastal area), Londrina, and Maringá, which share characteristics such as a high degree of urbanization and ongoing economic development.

RESUMO Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a evolução espaçotemporal das taxas de incidência do vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV) e da síndrome da imunodeficiência adquirida (AIDS) no estado do Paraná, Brasil. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo ecológico com componente analítico de séries temporais e análise espacial no estado do Paraná, de 2007 a 2022. A fonte de dados foi o Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação. Para estudar a tendência, foi utilizado o modelo de regressão linear generalizada de Prais-Winsten por meio da decomposição de séries temporais e, para a análise espacial, foi aplicado o Índice de Moran. Resultados: A amostra total foi composta de 50.676 registros de HIV/AIDS. A taxa de incidência apresentou tendência crescente, com crescimento médio de 2,14% (intervalo de confiança de 95% — IC95% 1,16–3,13) ao mês. Nos períodos de 2007 a 2014 e 2015 a 2022, a média de casos no estado foi de 105,64 e 159,20 a cada 100 mil habitantes, respectivamente, com importantes variações entre os municípios. Agrupamentos espaciais de alto risco permaneceram na região metropolitana à capital e litoral e um novo agrupamento foi observado à região norte do estado. Conclusão: As taxas de incidência do HIV/AIDS apresentaram tendência temporal crescente. O número de casos variou substancialmente em alguns municípios, principalmente naqueles localizados na região litorânea. A análise espacial revelou padrões geoespaciais de alto risco nas principais regiões metropolitanas do Paraná: Curitiba (abrange o litoral), Londrina e Maringá, as quais compartilham características como elevado grau de urbanização e constante desenvolvimento econômico.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-549720240015

[SciELO Preprints] - TEACHER'S PERCEPTION ABOUT VIOLENCE IN SPORTS IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION CLASSES AT COLÉGIO PEDRO II
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Santuchi, Natalia Guimarães Santos, Roberto Ferreira do Osborne, Renata Salgado, Simone Da Silva

Journal Metrics
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Publication date: 2023-07-07

Abstract: En Es Pt

The general objective of this research was to analyze and understand the teacher's perception of violence within sports practice during Physical Education classes at Colégio Pedro II. This is a case study research of a qualitative nature. The research was conducted with Physical Education teachers from different units of the school. The documental analysis of the Institutional Pedagogical Political Project and the teachers' planning, and the semi-structured interview were used as data collection instruments. Data analysis used categorization as a methodological procedure. The main expressions of violence found were exclusion and self-exclusion from practical activities; gender violence; and verbal violence. Society and media sports were identified as influencing elements in the reproduction of behaviors. Sports content and soccer were identified as practices with a greater propensity to situations of violence. The Physical Education analyzed here aims at citizen formation, the recognition of cultural diversity and respect for differences, valuing all identities. Despite the observation of the work with violence in its interfaces, we highlight the absence of an intentional work for the theme of violence in sports specifically. We reiterate the importance of such work in order to assist in the awareness and use of strategies to prevent violent conduct within the sports field in the school environment.

El objetivo general de esta investigación fue analizar y comprender la percepción del profesor sobre la violencia dentro de la práctica deportiva durante las clases de Educación Física en el Colegio Pedro II. Esta es una investigación de estudio de caso de naturaleza cualitativa. La investigación se realizó con profesores de Educación Física de diferentes unidades de la escuela. El análisis documental del Proyecto Político Pedagógico Institucional y la planificación docente, y la entrevista semiestructurada fueron utilizados como instrumentos de recolección de datos. El análisis de los datos utilizó la categorización como procedimiento metodológico. Las principales expresiones de violencia encontradas fueron la exclusión y la autoexclusión de las actividades prácticas; violencia de género; y violencia verbal. La sociedad y los deportes mediáticos fueron identificados como elementos influyentes en la reproducción de comportamientos. Los contenidos deportivos y el fútbol fueron identificados como prácticas con mayor propensión a situaciones de violencia. La Educación Física aquí analizada tiene como objetivo la formación ciudadana, el reconocimiento de la diversidad cultural y el respeto a las diferencias, valorando todas las identidades. A pesar de la observación del trabajo con violencia en sus interfaces, destacamos la ausencia de un trabajo intencional para el tema de la violencia en el deporte específicamente. Reiteramos la importancia de este trabajo para ayudar en la concientización y el uso de estrategias para prevenir conductas violentas dentro del campo deportivo en el entorno escolar.

O objetivo geral dessa pesquisa foi analisar e compreender a percepção docente a respeito da violência nos esportes durante as aulas de Educação Física no Colégio Pedro II. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de estudo de caso, de natureza qualitativa. A pesquisa foi realizada com docentes de Educação Física de diferentes unidades do Colégio. Foram utilizados como instrumentos de coleta de dados a análise documental do Projeto Político Pedagógico Institucional e dos planejamentos docentes, e a entrevista semiestruturada. A análise de dados utilizou a categorização como procedimento metodológico. As principais expressões de violência encontradas foram a exclusão e autoexclusão das atividades práticas; a violência de gênero; e a violência verbal. A sociedade e os esportes midiáticos foram identificados como elementos influenciadores na reprodução de comportamentos. Já o conteúdo esportivo e o futebol foram apontados como práticas com maior propensão às situações de violência. A Educação Física aqui analisada objetiva a formação cidadã, o reconhecimento da diversidade cultural e o respeito às diferenças, valorizando todas as identidades. Apesar da constatação do trabalho com a violência nas suas interfaces, destacamos a ausência de um trabalho intencional para a temática da violência nos esportes especificamente. Reiteramos a importância de tal trabalho a fim de auxiliar na conscientização e no uso de estratégias de prevenção de condutas violentas dentro do campo desportivo no ambiente escolar.

https://doi.org/10.1590/SciELOPreprints.6357

Plant extracts in the control of plant pathogens seeds and fusariosis in okra
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Silva, Mônica Shirley Brasil dos Santos e

; Rodrigues, Antônia Alice Costa

; Oliveira, Anna Christina Sanazário de

; Silva, Erlen Keila Cândido e

; Dias, Larisse Raquel Carvalho

; Costa, Natalia de Jesus Ferreira

; Silva, Mônica Shirley Brasil dos Santos e

; Rodrigues, Antônia Alice Costa

; Oliveira, Anna Christina Sanazário de

; Silva, Erlen Keila Cândido e

; Dias, Larisse Raquel Carvalho

; Costa, Natalia de Jesus Ferreira

Revista Ceres

Journal Metrics
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mar 2023, Volume 70 N. 2 Pages 124 - 131

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to assess seed health and the effect of plant extracts on Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum mycelial growth and sporulation, plant pathogen reduction in seeds and fusariosis control in okra seedlings. Health was assessed by the Blotter Test, after immersing the seeds in natural extracts and plating. To verify the mycelial growth of the plant pathogen, the extracts were incorporated in PDA culture medium and the pathogen was added and assessed, including the spore count. In the greenhouse, the seeds were immersed in the extracts, sown and at 15 days they were sprayed with extracts, at 21 days inoculated with the pathogen and disease severity on the seedlings was assessed 7 days later. There were higher incidences of Fusarium sp. and Rhizopus stolonifer in the seeds of the cultivars Valença and Santa Cruz 47. The extracts that resulted in lower pathogen incidence was basil, in cv. Valença and cinnamon and neem, in cv. Santa Cruz 47. The neem treatment presented the best inhibition percentage and the lowest sporulation mean in mycelial growth of the pathogen. Neem presented higher disease incidence control in the seedlings of cv. Valença and basil on the seedlings of cv. Santa Cruz 47.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-737x202370020014

Amalgam x Composite Resin: supplies and restorative procedures more performed among Oral Health Teams in Brazil
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Silva-Junior, Manoelito Ferreira

; Pacheco, Elis Carolina

; Bastos-Bitencourt, Natália Almeida

; Borges, Pollyana Kassia de Oliveira

; Baldani, Marcia Helena

Brazilian Dental Journal

Journal Metrics
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mar 2023, Volume 34 N. 2 Pages 75 - 87

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract This study aimed to compare the availability of supplies and amalgam and composite resin restorations among Oral Health Teams (OHT) in Brazilian regions. Secondary data were extracted from Modules I and II of the 1st (2012) and V and VI of the 2nd (2014) and 3rd cycle (2017) of the external evaluation of the National Program for Access and Quality in Primary Care2. The proportions between regions and cycles were compared using the Chi-square test with the z-test adjusted by the Bonferroni method (p<0.05). Among 2012, 2014, and 2017 there was a significant reduction in the proportion of OHT that performed amalgam restorations (87.5%, 89.2%, and 80.2%; p<0.001) and an increase in resin composite (92.5 %, 97.7%, and 99.0%; p<0.001), with the same trend in Brazilian regions (p<0.001). Amalgamator availability decreased among 2012 (99.0%), 2014 (98.4%) and 2017 (85.6%) (p<0.001). Amalgam availability was lower in 2017 (80.1%), compared to 2012 (87.5%) and 2014 (97.5%) (p<0.001). The availability of light curing decreased between 2012 (99.0%), 2014 (98.4%) and 2017 (85.6%) (p<0.001), being less available in the North (95.7%) (p<0.001). The light-curing resin increased between 2012 (94.1%), 2014 (96.6%) and 2017 (97.0%) (p<0.001), with no increase only in the North (p=0.134). While there was a reduction in supplies and amalgam restoration, there was an increase in supplies and resin composite restorations in the period evaluated in all Brazilian regions. However, regional disparities are still evident, with fewer supplies of restorative services in the North region.

Resumo Este estudo objetivou comparar a disponibilidade de fornecimentos e restaurações de amálgama e resina composta entre as Equipas de Saúde Oral (OHT) por regiões brasileiras. Os dados secundários foram extraídos dos módulos I e II do 1º (2012) e V e VI do 2º (2014) e 3º ciclo (2017) da avaliação externa do Programa Nacional de Acesso e Qualidade em Cuidados Primários. As proporções entre regiões e ciclos foram comparadas utilizando o teste Qui-quadrado com o teste z ajustado pelo método de Bonferroni (p<0,05). Entre 2012, 2014, e 2017 houve uma redução significativa na proporção de OHT que realizou restaurações de amálgama (87,5%, 89,2%, e 80,2%; p<0,001) e um aumento na resina composta (92,5%, 97,7%, e 99,0%; p<0,001), com a mesma tendência nas regiões brasileiras (p<0,001). A disponibilidade de amalgamadores diminuiu entre 2012 (99,0%), 2014 (98,4%) e 2017 (85,6%) (p<0,001). A disponibilidade de amálgama foi menor em 2017 (80,1%), em comparação com 2012 (87,5%) e 2014 (97,5%) (p<0,001). A disponibilidade de polimerização por luz diminuiu entre 2012 (99,0%), 2014 (98,4%) e 2017 (85,6%) (p<0,001), estando menos disponível no Norte (95,7%) (p<0,001). A resina fotopolimerizadora aumentou entre 2012 (94,1%), 2014 (96,6%) e 2017 (97,0%) (p<0,001), sem aumento apenas no Norte (p=0,134). Embora tenha havido uma redução nos fornecimentos e restauração de amálgamas, houve um aumento nos fornecimentos e restaurações de resina composta no período avaliado em todas as regiões brasileiras. Contudo, as disparidades regionais são ainda evidentes, com menos oferta de serviços de restauração na região Norte.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440202305003

Aleitamento humano e a perspectiva da interseccionalidade queer: contribuições para a prática inclusiva
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Bolissian, Annie Mellem

; Ferreira, Brenda Emanuelly de Campos

; Stofel, Natália Sevilha

; Borges, Flávio Adriano

; Camargo, Bruno Torelli de

; Salim, Natália Rejane

; Teixeira, Iraí Maria de Campos

Interface - Comunicação, Saúde, Educação

Journal Metrics
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2023, Volume 27 elocation e220440

Abstract: Es En Pt | Text: Es En Pt | PDF: Es | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Resumen El objetivo de este artículo es reflexionar sobre la importancia del lenguaje de género neutro en el campo de la lactancia humana, a partir de la perspectiva de la interseccionalidad queer. En 2013, se publicó la Política Nacional de Salud de lesbianas, gais, bisexuales, travestis y transexuales; sin embargo, los servicios y los profesionales de salud no tienen instrucción ni capacitación para atender las necesidades de salud de la población LGBTQIA+, que no se encaja en el estándar de heterocisnomatividad. La promoción de la lactancia encuentra obstáculos, tales como la ausencia del uso del lenguaje de género neutro en las atenciones, de la aplicación de conocimiento y prácticas de inducción de la lactancia y la comprensión de que personas cis y trans gestan y pueden amamantar, si así lo desean. Por lo tanto, consideramos que las prácticas en salud y reflexiones de cuidado a partir de la interseccionalidad queer tienen potencial para desconstruir la heterocisnormatividad, en este caso por medio de la propuesta del lenguaje de género neutro.

Abstract The aim of this article is to reflect on the importance of using gender-neutral human lactation-related language drawing on the perspective of queer intersectionality. Despite the creation of the National Policy for the Comprehensive Health Care of Lesbians, Gays, Bisexuals, Transvestites and Transsexuals in 2013, health services and professionals lack the necessary guidance and training to meet the needs of the LGBTQIA+ population, which does not conform to the standards of hetero-cisnormativity. The promotion of breastfeeding faces several challenges, including the failure to use gender-neutral language, apply lactation induction knowledge and practices, and understand that both cis and trans people can gestate and breastfeed if they wish. We therefore believe that health practices and reflections on care from the perspective of queer intersectionality have the potential to deconstruct hetero-cisnormativity through the proposal of gender-neutral language.

Resumo Este artigo tem como objetivo refletir sobre a importância da linguagem neutra no campo do aleitamento humano, a partir da perspectiva da interseccionalidade queer. Em 2013, foi publicada a Política Nacional de Saúde Integral de Lésbicas, Gays, Bissexuais, Travestis e Transsexuais, porém, serviços e profissionais de saúde carecem de instrução e capacitação para atender às necessidades de saúde da população LGBTQIA+, que não se encaixa no padrão da heterocisnormatividade. A promoção ao aleitamento encontra entraves, como a ausência do uso da linguagem neutra nos atendimentos, da aplicação de conhecimento e práticas de indução da lactação e a compreensão de que pessoas cis e trans gestam e podem amamentar, se assim o desejarem. Assim, consideramos que práticas em saúde e reflexões de cuidado a partir da interseccionalidade queer tem potencial para desconstruir a heterocisnormatividade, aqui, por meio da proposta da linguagem neutra.

https://doi.org/10.1590/interface.220440

Influências sociais nas práticas alimentares da dupla mãe-filho nos primeiros seis meses de vida
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Souza, Natalia Ferreira Diniz de

; Santos, Sandra Maria Chaves dos

; Gama, Cíntia Mendes

; Vitolo, Márcia Regina

Physis: Revista de Saúde Coletiva

Journal Metrics
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2023, Volume 33 elocation e33065

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo A dupla mãe-filho está inserida em um sistema social que gera diversas influências nas práticas alimentares, inclusive nos primeiros seis meses de vida, período em que é preconizado o aleitamento materno exclusivo pela Organização Mundial da Saúde. Objetivo: Compreender o conjunto de influências sociais que incidem nas práticas alimentares adotadas pela nutriz e para o seu filho nos primeiros seis meses de vida. Método: Estudo qualitativo, com abordagem metodológica de análise descrito por Minayo e alicerçado na fenomenologia social de Alfred Schütz. Participaram oito duplas mãe-filho recrutados de dois hospitais públicos de Salvador-BA com a Iniciativa Hospital Amigo da Criança. Realizou-se entrevista semiestruturada no domicílio das mães aos seis meses de vida da criança no período de junho a agosto de 2019. Resultados: Emergiram três tipificações: o fazer “correto” nos primeiros seis meses de vida da criança; as ações de cuidados com as práticas alimentares da mulher-mãe que amamenta; e o mundo social da dupla mãe-filho. Conclusão: para a tomada de decisão sobre as práticas alimentares da nutriz, a mãe exerceu mais influência; já para a criança, a nutriz considerou as orientações recebidas pelos profissionais de saúde.

Abstract The mother-child pair is inserted in a social system that generates different influences on eating practices, including in the first six months of life, a period in which exclusive breastfeeding is recommended by the World Health Organization. Objective: To understand the set of social influences that affect the eating habits adopted by the nursing mother and her child in the first six months of life. Method: Qualitative study, with a methodological analysis approach described by Minayo and based on the social phenomenology of Alfred Schütz. Eight mother-child pairs recruited from two public hospitals in Salvador-BA with the Amigo da Criança Hospital Initiative participated. A semi-structured interview was carried out at the mothers' homes when the child was six months old, from June to August 2019. Results: Three typifications emerged: doing “correctly” in the first six months of the child's life; care actions with the feeding practices of the woman-mother who breastfeeds; and the social world of the mother-son duo. Conclusion: For decision-making about the nursing mother's eating practices, the mother exerted more influence; for the child, the nursing mother considered the guidelines received by health professionals.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s0103-7331202333065

Evaluation of a propolis hydroalcoholic solution with glycine in the joint reduction of microorganisms and helminth eggs from leafy green vegetables
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Silveira, Juliana da

; Alfredo, Natália de Almeida Corrêa

; Beux, Marcia Regina

; Ferreira, Sila Mary Rodrigues

; Leal, Diego Averaldo Guiguet

Brazilian Journal of Food Technology

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2023, Volume 26 elocation e2023042

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract The main goal of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a propolis hydroalcoholic solution with glycine on the reduction of microorganisms and helminth eggs removal in lettuce leaves. Three experimental groups were evaluated in triplicate or replicates: microbiological (ME), parasitological (PE), and microbiological and parasitological (MPE). Before the experiments, the initial concentration of the native microbiota was assessed by counting mesophilic aerobes, molds and yeasts, using conventional microbiological techniques. Lettuce leaves were washed in tap water and subjected to different immersion treatments: propolis hydroalcoholic solution (PHS), propolis hydroalcoholic solution at pH 5.5 (PHS2), and propolis hydroalcoholic solution with glycine (PHS-glycine). In ME, propolis hydroalcoholic solution combined or not with glycine, was evaluated on the reduction of native microbiota. Residual microbiological contamination was assessed. In the PE, the effect of PHS2 and PHS-glycine was evaluated on the removal of a known number of Ascaris suum eggs on leaves artificially contaminated. In MPE, PHS-glycine was evaluated on the reduction of native microbiota and removal of eggs. A reduction of more than 2 log CFU/g was observed in ME. In PE, PHS-glycine removed 37.22% of eggs. In MPE, the PHS-glycine reduced 3.3 CFU/g of mesophilic aerobes, 5.0 log CFU/g of fungi, and 35.53% of eggs from vegetables. The results highlighted the solution’s efficiency in reducing or eliminating different contaminants in vegetables and reinforced the need for the development of hygiene methods that do not harm human health and are reproducible at the household level.

Resumo O principal objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a eficácia da solução hidroalcoólica de própolis com glicina na redução de microrganismos e na remoção de ovos de helmintos em folhas de alface. Três grupos experimentais foram avaliados em triplicata ou réplicas: microbiológico (ME), parasitológico (PE) e microbiológico e parasitológico (MPE). Antes dos experimentos, a concentração inicial da microbiota nativa foi avaliada quanto à contagem de aeróbios mesófilos, fungos e leveduras, usando técnicas microbiológicas convencionais. As folhas de alface foram lavadas em água da torneira e submetidas a diferentes tratamentos de imersão: em solução hidroalcoólica de própolis (SHP), em solução hidroalcoólica de própolis com pH 5,5 (SHP2) e em solução hidroalcoólica de própolis com glicina (SHP-glicina). No ME, a solução hidroalcoólica de própolis combinada ou não com glicina foi avaliada na redução da microbiota nativa. A contaminação microbiológica residual foi avaliada. No PE, o efeito de SHP2 e SHP-glicina foi avaliado na remoção de um número conhecido de ovos de Ascaris suum em folhas artificialmente contaminadas. No MPE, a SHP-glicina foi avaliada na redução da microbiota nativa e na remoção de ovos. Uma redução de mais de 2 log UFC/g foi observada no ME. No PE, SHP-glicina removeu 37,22% dos ovos. No MPE, a SHP-glicina reduziu 3,3 UFC/g de aeróbios mesófilos, 5,0 log UFC/g de fungos e 35,53% dos ovos nos vegetais. Os resultados destacam a eficiência da solução na redução ou eliminação de diferentes contaminantes em vegetais e reforçam a necessidade do desenvolvimento de métodos de higienização que não prejudiquem a saúde humana e sejam reproduzíveis em nível doméstico.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-6723.04223

Monitoring periodontal lesions and their effects during pregnancy: microbiological aspects of the oral cavity and amniotic fluid in pregnant ewes
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Souza, Natália C.

; Ramos, Thamiris N.M.

; Borsanelli, Ana Carolina

; Saraiva, Júlia R.

; Ferreira, Evandro M.

; Schweitzer, Christiane M.

; Gaetti-Jardim Jr., Elerson

; Dutra, Iveraldo S.

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira

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2023, Volume 43 elocation e07160

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT: Periodontitis affects the teeth supporting tissues, leading to tooth loss and damage to animal health. Evidence in humans suggests that oral microorganisms spread systemically, increasing the risk of pregnancy disorders such as miscarriage, prematurity, and low birth weight. This study aimed to verify whether periodontopathogenic microorganisms reach the transplacental unit, culminating in problems in pregnant ewes. After analyzing the oral cavity, 10 clinically healthy pregnant ewes (OGCH group) and 10 pregnant ewes with periodontitis (OGP group) were selected. The subgingival biofilm was collected for the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test and amniotic fluid for both the PCR and interleukin (IL) analysis. Peripheral blood was collected for complete blood count, and analyses of IL-6, IL1-β, and tumor necrosis factor-α were performed. Placental fragments were collected to assess the inflammatory changes using optical microscopy. After giving birth, both the ewes and their lambs were weighed. On clinical examination, a positive correlation between bleeding and suppuration (correlation index - CI=0.54), suppuration and marginal gingivitis (CI=0.34), and marginal gingivitis and edema (CI=0.54) was observed. The weights of the ewes (p=0.013) and their respective lambs (p=0.04) in the OGP group were lower than those of their OGCH group counterparts. The hematological analysis revealed that the OGP group ewes showed a slight increase in the mean corpuscular volume (p=0.2447), segmented cells (p=0.3375), and eosinophils (p=0.3823) when compared with the OGCH group ewes, without a statistical difference. Regarding the microorganisms detected in the oral cavity, there was a significant difference between the occurrence of periodontal pockets and the presence of Fusobacterium necrophorum (p=0.0328), Porphyromonas asaccharolytica (p=0.0392), and the Mollicutes class (p=0.0352). Staphylococcus genus (p=0.9107) and Archaea domain (p=0.7245) were detected in the amniotic samples of both groups, without a significant difference, whereas P. asaccharolytica (p=0.2685) was only detected in one sample in the OGCH group. The expression of cytokine IL-6 in the OGP group differed significantly between the prepartum and postpartum periods (p=0.0039); moreover, it differed significantly in the postpartum period between the OGCH and OGP groups (p=0.0198). Histological examination showed a higher percentage of placental changes in the OGP group (70%) than in the OGCH group, such as the presence of macrophages, neutrophils, plasma cells, and multifocal areas of calcification. These results do not corroborate the hypothesis of dissemination of oral microorganisms to the placental unit, suggesting that it constitutes placental isolation in sheep.

RESUMO: A periodontite afeta os tecidos de suporte dos dentes levando à perda dentária e danos à saúde do animal. Evidências em humanos sugerem que os microrganismos orais se espalham sistemicamente, aumentando o risco de distúrbios da gravidez, como aborto espontâneo, prematuridade e baixo peso ao nascer. Este estudo teve como objetivo verificar se microrganismos periodontopatogênicos atingem a unidade transplacentária, culminando em problemas em ovelhas gestantes. Após análise da cavidade oral, foram selecionadas 10 ovelhas gestantes clinicamente saudáveis (grupo OGCH) e 10 ovelhas gestantes com periodontite (grupo OGP). O biofilme subgengival foi coletado para o teste de reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) e o líquido amniótico para teste de PCR e análise de interleucina (IL). Sangue periférico foi coletado para hemograma completo e análises de IL-6, IL1-β e fator de necrose tumoral-α foram realizadas. Fragmentos de placenta foram coletados para avaliação das alterações inflamatórias por meio de microscopia óptica. Após o parto, as ovelhas e seus cordeiros foram pesados. Ao exame clínico, observou-se correlação positiva entre sangramento e supuração (índice de correlação - IC=0,54), supuração e gengivite marginal (IC=0,34) e gengivite marginal e edema (IC=0,54). Os pesos das ovelhas (p=0,013) e de seus respectivos cordeiros (p=0,04) do grupo OGP foram inferiores aos do grupo OGCH. A análise hematológica revelou que as ovelhas do grupo OGP apresentaram discreto aumento no volume corpuscular médio (p=0,2447), células segmentadas (p=0,3375) e eosinófilos (p=0,3823) quando comparadas com as ovelhas do grupo OGCH, sem diferença estatística diferença. Em relação aos microrganismos detectados na cavidade oral, houve diferença significativa entre a ocorrência de bolsas periodontais e a presença de Fusobacterium necrophorum (p=0,0328), Porphyromonas asaccharolytica (p=0,0392) e da classe Mollicutes (p=0,0352). O gênero Staphylococcus (p=0,9107) e o domínio Archaea (p=0,7245) foram detectados nas amostras amnióticas de ambos os grupos, sem diferença significativa, enquanto P. asaccharolytica (p=0,2685) foi detectado apenas em uma amostra do grupo OGCH. A expressão da citocina IL-6 no grupo OGP diferiu significativamente entre os períodos pré e pós-parto (p=0,0039); além disso, diferiu significativamente no período pós-parto entre os grupos OGCH e OGP (p=0,0198). O exame histológico mostrou maior porcentagem de alterações placentárias no grupo OGP (70%) do que no grupo OGCH, como a presença de macrófagos, neutrófilos, plasmócitos e áreas multifocais de calcificação. Esses resultados não corroboram a hipótese de disseminação de microrganismos orais para a unidade placentária, sugerindo que se trata de um isolamento placentário em ovinos.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-7160

10.

Aleitamento humano e a perspectiva da interseccionalidade queer: contribuições para a prática inclusiva
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Bolissian, Annie Mellem

; Ferreira, Brenda Emanuelly de Campos

; Stofel, Natália Sevilha

; Borges, Flávio Adriano

; Camargo, Bruno Torelli de

; Salim, Natália Rejane

; Teixeira, Iraí Maria de Campos

Interface - Comunicação, Saúde, Educação

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2023, Volume 27 elocation e220440

Abstract: En Es Pt | Text: En Es Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es | PDF: Pt

https://doi.org/10.1590/interface.220440

11.

Selective photodynamic effects on cervical adenocarcinoma cells provided by F127 Pluronic®-based micelles modulating hypericin delivery
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Mashiba, Kayane Harumi

; Carobeli, Lucimara Rofrigues

; Souza, Maria Vítoria Felipe de

; Meirelles, Lyvia Eloiza de Freitas

; Mari, Natália Lourenço

; César, Gabriel Batista

; Gonçalves, Renato Sonchini

; Caetano, Wilker

; Damke, Edilson

; Silva, Vânia Ramos Sela da

; Damke, Gabrielle Marconi Zago Ferreira

; Consolaro, Marcia Edilaine Lopes

Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

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2023, Volume 59 elocation e22459

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Cervical cancer is a leading cause of death among women. The endocervical adenocarcinoma (ECA) represents an aggressive and metastatic type of cancer with no effective treatment options currently available. We evaluated the antitumoral and anti-migratory effects of hypericin (HYP) encapsulated on Pluronic F127 (F127/HYP) photodynamic therapy (PDT) against a human cell line derived from invasive cervical adenocarcinoma (HeLa) compared to a human epithelial cell line (HaCaT). The phototoxicity and cytotoxicity of F127/HYP were evaluated by the following assays: colorimetric assay, MTT, cellular morphological changes by microscopy and long-term cytotoxicity by clonogenic assay. In addition, we performed fluorescence microscopy to analyze cell uptake and subcellular distribution of F127/HYP, cell death pathway and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. The PDT mechanism was determined with sodium azide and D-mannitol and cell migration by wound-healing assay. The treatment with F127/HYP promoted a phototoxic result in the HeLa cells in a dose-dependent and selective form. Internalization of F127/HYP was observed mainly in the mitochondria, causing cell death by necrosis and ROS production especially by the type II PDT mechanism. Furthermore, F127/HYP reduced the long-term proliferation and migration capacity of HeLa cells. Overall, our results indicate a potentially application of F127/HYP micelles as a novel approach for PDT with HYP delivery to more specifically treat ECA.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s2175-97902023e22459

12.

Severe form of lymphocutaneous sporotrichosis: a case report
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Martins, Ezequias Batista

; Durães, Sandra Maria Barbosa

; Teixeira, Julia de Abreu

; Vilte, Remberto Maurício de La Cruz Vargas

; Klitzke, Aline Schultz

; Santos, Thainá Busque dos

; Ronchini, Karla Regina Oliveira de Moura

; Ferreira, Laura da Cunha

; Silva, Natália Chilinque Zambão da

; Martins, Ianick Souto

; McBenedict, Billy

; Machado, Carolina Romero Cardoso

; Pinheiro, Patrícia Yvonne Maciel

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

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2023, Volume 65 elocation e41

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Sporotrichosis is the most frequent subcutaneous mycosis in Latin America. It is caused by species of the genus Sporothrix. Infection in humans occurs through the entry of the fungus into the skin. Zoonotic outbreaks involving cats in the transmission of the disease have been frequently reported. The lymphocutaneous form is the most commonly observed and the upper limbs are the most affected sites. We report a case of a 64-year-old healthy female patient with a lymphocutaneous form with rapid progression of lesions, which was refractory to initial treatment with itraconazole. Treatment with liposomal amphotericin B was performed with a satisfactory resolution, but aesthetic and functional sequelae in the left upper limb were installed.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946202365041

13.

Effectiveness of neurolysis as a treatment for complications of leprosy neuritis: a systematic review
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Gonçalves, Laís Cristina

; Fuentealba-Torres, Miguel

; Bolorino, Natacha

; Ferreira, Natalia Marciano de Araujo

; Freitas, Franciely Midori Bueno de

; Tiroli, Carla Fernanda

; Pimenta, Rosângela Aparecida

; Arcêncio, Ricardo Alexandre

; Pieri, Flávia Meneguetti

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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2023, Volume 56 elocation e0123-2023

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Background: Complications of leprosy neuritis are considered serious and apparent, with the potential to disable and/or limit individuals. These complications affect not only a patient’s physical functioning, but also their family and social lives, while directly impacting the ability to work and/or maintain financial independence, subsequently interfering with their overall quality of life. The present review, therefore, aimed to analyze the effectiveness of neurolysis as an alternative treatment for the complications associated with leprosy neuritis. Methods: The present review was performed based on the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology, in an effort to answer the following research question: what is the effectiveness of neurolysis as a treatment for leprosy neuritis complications? This research question was defined using the patient-intervention-outcome (PIO) framework, where leprosy represents ‘P’, neurolysis for ‘I’, and neuropathic pain/motor function/sensorial function/physical disability/quality of life for ‘O’. Randomized and non-randomized clinical trials and prospective observational cohort studies were included in the present review, with no time or date restrictions. Results: The present review included 1 randomized clinical trial and 10 prospective studies, published between 1976 and 2020. All of the outcomes showed improvement, with relief from neuropathic pain being the primary finding. Conclusions: The evidence obtained in the present review suggested that neurolysis is an effective alternative for the treatment of physical disabilities, the recovery of sensory and motor function, the restoration of quality of life, and neuropathic pain relief.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0123-2023

14.

COVID-19 outcomes in people living with HIV: Peering through the waves
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Sales, Thaís Lorenna Souza

; Souza-Silva, Maíra Viana Rego

; Delfino-Pereira, Polianna

; Neves, João Victor Baroni

; Sacioto, Manuela Furtado

; Assis, Vivian Costa Morais de

; Duani, Helena

; Oliveira, Neimy Ramos de

; Sampaio, Natália da Cunha Severino

; Ramos, Lucas Emanuel Ferreira

; Schwarzbold, Alexandre Vargas

; Jorge, Alzira de Oliveira

; Scotton, Ana Luiza Bahia Alves

; Castro, Bruno Mateus de

; Silva, Carla Thais Cândida Alves da

; Ramos, Carolina Marques

; Anschau, Fernando

; Botoni, Fernando Antonio

; Grizende, Genna Maira Santos

; Nascimento, Guilherme Fagundes

; Ruschel, Karen Brasil

; Menezes, Luanna Silva Monteiro

; Castro, Luís César de

; Nasi, Luiz Antônio

; Carneiro, Marcelo

; Godoy, Mariana Frizzo de

; Nogueira, Matheus Carvalho Alves

; Guimarães Júnior, Milton Henriques

; Ziegelmann, Patricia Klarmann

; Almeida, Rafaela Charão de

; Francisco, Saionara Cristina

; Silveira Neto, Sidney Teodoro

; Araújo, Silvia Ferreira

; Avelino-Silva, Thiago Junqueira

; Aliberti, Márlon Juliano Romero

; Pires, Magda Carvalho

; Silva, Eduardo Sérgio da

; Marcolino, Milena Soriano

Clinics

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2023, Volume 78 elocation 100223

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Objective To evaluate clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 patients infected with HIV, and to compare with a paired sample without HIV infection. Methods This is a substudy of a Brazilian multicentric cohort that comprised two periods (2020 and 2021). Data was obtained through the retrospective review of medical records. Primary outcomes were admission to the intensive care unit, invasive mechanical ventilation, and death. Patients with HIV and controls were matched for age, sex, number of comorbidities, and hospital of origin using the technique of propensity score matching (up to 4:1). They were compared using the Chi-Square or Fisher's Exact tests for categorical variables and the Wilcoxon for numerical variables. Results Throughout the study, 17,101 COVID-19 patients were hospitalized, and 130 (0.76%) of those were infected with HIV. The median age was 54 (IQR: 43.0;64.0) years in 2020 and 53 (IQR: 46.0;63.5) years in 2021, with a predominance of females in both periods. People Living with HIV (PLHIV) and their controls showed similar prevalence for admission to the ICU and invasive mechanical ventilation requirement in the two periods, with no significant differences. In 2020, in-hospital mortality was higher in the PLHIV compared to the controls (27.9% vs. 17.7%; p = 0.049), but there was no difference in mortality between groups in 2021 (25.0% vs. 25.1%; p > 0.999). Conclusions Our results reiterate that PLHIV were at higher risk of COVID-19 mortality in the early stages of the pandemic, however, this finding did not sustain in 2021, when the mortality rate is similar to the control group.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinsp.2023.100223

15.

An exploratory study of children with caries and its relationship to SARS-CoV-2
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BRITO, Débora Heloísa Silva de

; SANTOS, Thaysa Gomes Ferreira Tenório dos

; LAVÔR, Juliane Rolim de

; SILVA, Mabel Cristina Paiva Machado da

; SANTOS, Natália Maria Velozo dos

; PAULA, Larissa Mayara Costa de

; HEIMER, Monica Vilela

; CALDAS JÚNIOR, Arnaldo de França

; ROSENBLATT, Aronita

Brazilian Oral Research

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2023, Volume 37 elocation e130

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract This exploratory study investigated whether children with dental decay were more likely to have COVID-19 than those without caries. The children underwent dental inspection and blood collection for detection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Fifty-four children aged 6 to 9 years participated in the survey, which was conducted between March and June 2020 in the municipality of Ipojuca, Pernambuco, Brazil. The diagnosis of caries was performed using the dmft and DMFT indices. Parents reported signs and symptoms of sickness in their children during this period. The serology test aimed to verify the immune response of the children to coronavirus by detecting IgM/IgG antibodies. Statistical analyses were performed at P < 0.05. The majority of the children presented caries (68.5%). Of the nine children who tested positive for COVID-19 (16.7%), eight presented IgG antibodies to the virus, and only one had IgG and IgM antibodies to SARS-CoV2. Children who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 had a higher percentage of caries lesions than those who tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 (77.8% vs 65.9%), but this difference was not statistically significant.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-3107bor-2023.vol37.0130

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