Objective Obstructive sleep apnea is a common disorder associated with aging and obesity. Apneas cause repeated arousals, intermittent hypoxia, and oxidative stress. Changes in glucolipidic profile occur in apnea patients, independently of obesity. Animal models of sleep apnea induce hyperglycemia. This study aims to evaluate the effect of the antioxidants melatonin and N-acetylcysteine on glucose, triglyceride, and cholesterol levels in animals exposed to intermittent hypoxia. Materials and methods Two groups of Balb/c mice were exposed to intermittent hypoxia (n = 36) or sham intermittent hypoxia (n = 36) for 35 days. The intermittent hypoxia group underwent a total of 480 cycles of 30 seconds reducing the inspired oxygen fraction from 21% to 7 ± 1% followed by 30 seconds of normoxia, during 8 hours daily. Melatonin or N-acetylcysteine were injected intraperitonially daily from day 21 on. Results At day 35, glucose levels were significantly higher in the intermittent hypoxia group than in the control group. The intermittent hypoxia groups receiving N-acetylcysteine and vehicle showed higher glucose levels than the group receiving melatonin. The lipid profile was not affected by intermittent hypoxia or antioxidant administration. Conclusions The present results suggest that melatonin prevents the well-recognized increase in glucose levels that usually follows exposure to intermittent hypoxia. Further exploration of the role of melatonin in sleep apnea is warranted. Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2015;59(1):66-70

Estudo epidemiológico de 341 acidentes de trabalho fatais ocorridos em Campinas, no período de 1972 a 1978, realizado a partir da consulta a arquivos do Instituto Nacional de Previdência Social (INPS). Identificaram-se como caracteres epidemiológicos predominantes o acometimento de adultos jovens (68,3% das vítimas fatais tinham menos de 40 anos), do sexo masculino (95,6%); os "condutores de veículos de transporte" constituíram a categoria profissional mais acometida (19,4%), seguida da dos serventes de obras (10,4%); a construção civil foi o ramo de atividade que mais contribuiu para a mortalidade por acidentes de trabalho (29,9%); os "acidentes de trânsito de veículos a motor" constituíram-se na causa externa mais freqüente (50,1%), seguindo-se o grupo dos "outros acidentes" (22,9%) e o das "quedas acidentais" (12,6%); os "traumatismos de crânio" foram a natureza da lesão mais freqüente. São mencionados alguns aspectos a serem considerados na prevenção, quanto à prioridade da construção civil e quanto à participação das Empresas na prevenção de acidentes de trânsito em situação ocupacional.

Scrutiny of INPS (National Institute of Social Welfare) files resulted in a epidemiologic survey of 341 fatal occupational accidents in Campinas, SP (Brazil), that occurred between 1972 and 1978. The main epidemiologic types were: violent incidents resulting in the death of young adults (63.3% were under 40 and 95.6% were male); the professional category most victimized was that of the transport vehicle drivers (19.4%), followed by construction helpers (10.4%); construction work as an activity held the highest occupational accident mortality (29.9%); motor vehicle traffic accidents were the most frequent external causes of death (50.1%) and was followed by other accidents (22.9%) and accidental falls (12.6%); skull trauma was the most frequent lesion-type injury. Considering these statistics, certain aspects of prevention were stressed with priority being given to civil construction and to company participation in the prevention of traffic accidents when the vehicle is being used for company purposes.

Estudo epidemiológico de 341 acidentes de trabalho fatais ocorridos em Campinas, no período de 1972 a 1978, realizado a partir da consulta a arquivos do Instituto Nacional de Previdência Social (INPS). Identificaram-se como caracteres epidemiológicos predominantes o acometimento de adultos jovens (68,3% das vítimas fatais tinham menos de 40 anos), do sexo masculino (95,6%); os "condutores de veículos de transporte" constituíram a categoria profissional mais acometida (19,4%), seguida da dos serventes de obras (10,4%); a construção civil foi o ramo de atividade que mais contribuiu para a mortalidade por acidentes de trabalho (29,9%); os "acidentes de trânsito de veículos a motor" constituíram-se na causa externa mais freqüente (50,1%), seguindo-se o grupo dos "outros acidentes" (22,9%) e o das "quedas acidentais" (12,6%); os "traumatismos de crânio" foram a natureza da lesão mais freqüente. São mencionados alguns aspectos a serem considerados na prevenção, quanto à prioridade da construção civil e quanto à participação das Empresas na prevenção de acidentes de trânsito em situação ocupacional.

Scrutiny of INPS (National Institute of Social Welfare) files resulted in a epidemiologic survey of 341 fatal occupational accidents in Campinas, SP (Brazil), that occurred between 1972 and 1978. The main epidemiologic types were: violent incidents resulting in the death of young adults (63.3% were under 40 and 95.6% were male); the professional category most victimized was that of the transport vehicle drivers (19.4%), followed by construction helpers (10.4%); construction work as an activity held the highest occupational accident mortality (29.9%); motor vehicle traffic accidents were the most frequent external causes of death (50.1%) and was followed by other accidents (22.9%) and accidental falls (12.6%); skull trauma was the most frequent lesion-type injury. Considering these statistics, certain aspects of prevention were stressed with priority being given to civil construction and to company participation in the prevention of traffic accidents when the vehicle is being used for company purposes.