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au:FERREIRA, RINALDO LUIZ C.

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Modelos de Regresión Logística Multinomial Ordinal y Redes Neuronales Artificiales para la clasificación de madera aserrada
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Guera, Ouorou Ganni Mariel

; Silva, José Antônio Aleixo da

; Ferreira, Rinaldo Luiz Caraciolo

; Álvarez Lazo, Daniel

; Barrero Medel, Héctor

; Garofalo Novo, Madelén C.

; Filho, Moacyr Cunha

; Silva, José Wesley Lima

Revista Forestal Mesoamericana Kurú

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dec 2021, Volume 18 N. 43 Pages 29 - 40

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen La clasificación de la madera aserrada es una de las actividades más subjetivas de la fase final del proceso de aserrado de trozas en los aserríos. La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo proponer herramientas de auxilio en la clasificación de madera aserrada de coníferas. El estudio se realizó en el aserrío Combate de Tenerías de la Empresa Forestal Integral (EFI) Macurije, Pinar del Río, Cuba. Los datos utilizados proceden de 259 tablas de Pinus caribaea var. caribaea clasificadas siguiendo las exigencias (24 variables) y clases establecidas por el clasificador de madera aserrada de coníferas utilizado en Cuba. Se procedió al ajuste de un modelo de Regresión Logística Multinomial Ordinal (RLMO) y al entrenamiento de Redes Neuronales Artificiales (RNAs). Los parámetros del modelo RLMO fueron estimados usando el método de máxima verosimilitud optimizada con el algoritmo de Newton-Raphson. El entrenamiento de las RNAs se realizó con el algoritmo Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno (BFGS). El problema de multicolinearidad, casi siempre presente en modelaciones con numerosas variables predictivas, fue abordado con el análisis factorial, utilizando los factores retenidos como entradas de los modelos. Con base en el porcentaje de aciertos en la clasificación, la RNA RBF 24-8-4 fue superior a las ecuaciones de regresión logística ordinal.

Abstract Lumber classification is one of the most subjective activities of the final phase of log sawing process in sawmills. The objective of this research was to propose tools that assist in conifers lumber grading. The research was carried out at the sawmill Combate de Tenerías of Macurije integrated forest company, Pinar del Río, Cuba. The data used comes from 259 lumber pieces of Pinus caribaea var. caribaea classified following the requirements (24 variables) and classes established by the conifers lumber grader used in Cuba. We proceeded to fit a Multinomial and Ordinal Logistic Regression (MOLR) model and train Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). The parameters of the MOLR model were estimated using the maximum likelihood method optimized with the Newton Raphson algorithm. ANNs were trained with Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno (BFGS) algorithm. The multicollinearity problem, usually present in modeling with numerous predictive variables, was addressed with factor analysis, using the factors retained as inputs to the models. Based on the percentage of correct classification, the ANN RBF 24-8-4 was superior to the ordinal logistic regression equations.

https://doi.org/10.18845/rfmk.v19i43.5806

Residence Time and Release of Carbon and Nitrogen from Litter in Caatinga
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Silva, Aghata Maria de Oliveira

; Freire, Fernando José

; Barbosa, Mozart Duarte

; Ferreira, Rinaldo Luiz Caraciolo

; Freire, Maria Betânia Galvão dos Santos

; Silva, Marília Isabelle Oliveira da

; Borges, César Henrique Alves

; Lima, Danubia Ramos Moreira de

Floresta e Ambiente

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2021, Volume 28 N. 4 elocation e20210053

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate decomposition and release of C and of N from the litter of forest Caatinga species in the humification phase, as well as to estimate the residence time of C and N. Litter decomposition of the species was evaluated in 2014/2015 in the municipality of Floresta, Pernambuco, Brazil, using a method of the litter bags at 270; 300; 330; and 360 day. Litter from species of the Fabaceae family presented different decomposition groups, suggesting that decomposition was more influenced by the C/N ratio than N concentration only. The N release was 6.25% greater than the release of C. C will remain in the litter for more time, while N will be almost totally released in approximately 1.14 years. The species litter decomposition were shared, suggesting that the nutrients cycling is fundamental in the preservation of the Caatinga, mainly due to the longer residence time of C.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2179-8087-floram-2021-0053 1 downloads

Antifungal efficiency of chemically and thermally-activated acrylic resins after surface treatment using poly (diallyldimethylammonium chloride)
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Santos, Rennan Luiz Oliveira dos

; Domaneschi, Carina

; Pedroso, Victhoria Beatriz

; Florezi, Giovanna Piacenza

; Ruiz, Luciana da Silva

; Gandra, Rinaldo Ferreira

; Sugaya, Norberto Nobuo

; Paula, Claudete Rodrigues

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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2019, Volume 52 elocation e20190033

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Acrylic resins are used in the preparation of facial prostheses and may be colonized by fungi. Here, we verified the antifungal efficacy of this material after surface treatment using poly (diallyldimethylammonium chloride). METHODS: Acrylic resin specimens with and without surface treatment were subjected to tests for fungistatic and fungicidal activities. Standard strains of Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger were used. RESULTS: After surface treatment, the fungistatic and fungicidal efficacies of the resins against C. albicans and fungistatic action against A. niger were verified. CONCLUSIONS: The surface treatment was a determinant of the antifungal activity of the material.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0033-2019 723 downloads

3rd Guideline for Perioperative Cardiovascular Evaluation of the Brazilian Society of Cardiology
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Gualandro, Danielle Menosi

; Yu, Pai Ching

; Caramelli, Bruno

; Marques, André Coelho

; Calderaro, Daniela

; Fornari, Luciana Savoy

; Pinho, Claudio

; Feitosa, Alina Coutinho Rodrigues

; Polanczyk, Carisi Anne

; Rochitte, Carlos Eduardo

; Jardim, Carlos

; Vieira, Carolina L. Z.

; Nakamura, Debora Y. M.

; Iezzi, Denise

; Schreen, Dirk

; Adam, Eduardo Leal

; D’Amico, Elbio Antonio

; Lima, Emerson Q. de

; Burdmann, Emmanuel de Almeida

; Mateo, Enrique Indalecio Pachón

; Marcondes-Braga, Fabiana Goulart

; Machado, Fabio S.

; Paula, Flavio J. de

; Carmo, Gabriel Assis Lopes do

; Feitosa-Filho, Gilson Soares

; Prado, Gustavo Faibischew

; Lopes, Heno Ferreira

; Fernandes, João R. C.

; Lima, José J. G. de

; Sacilotto, Luciana

; Drager, Luciano Ferreira

; Vacanti, Luciano Janussi

; Rohde, Luis Eduardo Paim

; Prada, Luis F. L.

; Gowdak, Luis Henrique Wolff

; Vieira, Marcelo Luiz Campos

; Monachini, Maristela Camargo

; Macatrão-Costa, Milena Frota

; Paixão, Milena Ribeiro

; Oliveira Junior, Mucio Tavares de

; Cury, Patricia

; Villaça, Paula R.

; Farsky, Pedro Silvio

; Siciliano, Rinaldo F.

; Heinisch, Roberto Henrique

; Souza, Rogerio

; Gualandro, Sandra F.M.

; Accorsi, Tarso Augusto Duenhas

; Mathias Júnior, Wilson

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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sep 2017, Volume 109 N. 3 Pages 1 - 104

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.5935/abc.20170140 100302 downloads

Usos de especies leñosas de la caatinga del municipio de Floresta en Pernambuco, Brasil: conocimiento de los indios de la aldea Travessão do Ouro
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Feitosa Ferraz, José Serafim

; Caraciolo Ferreira, Rinaldo Luiz

; Ferreira dos Santos, Mércia Virgínia

; Meunier, Isabelle Maria Jacqueline

Bosque (Valdivia)

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2012, Volume 33 N. 2 Pages 183 - 190

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Woody species of caatinga, vegetation of a semiarid region of Northeastern Brazil, have been used without knowing the impacts caused to the environment. This study aimed to identify the uses of local vegetation by small farmers of an indigenous population in the municipality of Floresta, Pernambuco. The research was conducted by direct observation, guided visits and semi structured interviews. The woody flora of the region was properly recognized by the interviewees and uses were attributed for 27 species of this woody-shrub of caatinga. The types of uses mentioned for the flora were organized into categories of uses: human food, fodder, domestic construction, farm buildings, technology, energy (fuels), medicinal and other uses of non-timber products. The fodder was related to greater numbers of species cited and numbers of citations, followed by rural buildings, energy and residential construction. The species with the highest number of use categories were Myracrodruon urundeuva, Anadenanthera columbrina and Cnidoscolus quercifolius. Spondias tuberosa was the most cited as fodder, followed by C. quercifolius, Commiphora leptophloeos, Schinopsis brasiliensis and M. urundeuva. It was noted that the use of woody-shrub vegetation as timber and firewood has occurred occasionally, usually using wood that was found dead. From the perspective of users, the woody vegetation of caatinga serves mainly for forage, thus showing the importance of ranching as livelihood and their influence on the knowledge of the uses of vegetation.

Las especies leñosas de la caatinga, vegetación del semiárido del nordeste de Brasil, han sido utilizadas sin conocer los impactos ocasionados al medio ambiente. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo conocer los tipos de uso de la vegetación local por pequeños productores rurales de una población indígena en el municipio de Floresta, Pernambuco, Brasil. La investigación se realizó mediante observación directa, en visitas guiadas y entrevistas semiestructuradas. La flora leñosa local fue reconocida por los entrevistados que atribuyeron usos para 27 especies leñosas arbóreas y arbustivas. Los tipos de uso mencionados para la flora fueron organizados en las categorías: alimentación humana, forraje, construcciones residenciales, construcciones rurales, tecnología, combustibles, medicinales y otros usos no madereros. El uso como forraje se relacionó a los mayores números de especies citadas y de citaciones, seguido por construcciones rurales, combustible y construcciones residenciales. Las especies con mayor número de categorías de usos fueron Myracrodruon urundeuva, Anadenanthera columbrina y Cnidoscolus quercifolius. Spondias tuberosa fue la especie más citada como forraje, seguida por C. quercifolius, Commiphora leptophloeos, Schinopsis brasiliensis y M. urundeuva. Se observó que el uso de la vegetación leñosa como madera y leña, en general se hace utilizando la madera que se encontró muerta. Desde la perspectiva de los usuarios, la vegetación leñosa de la caatinga está destinada principalmente al forraje: de este modo se muestra la importancia de la ganadería extensiva como actividad de subsistencia y su influencia en el conocimiento de los usos de la vegetación.

2556 downloads

Atributos físicos de solos sob diferentes usos com irrigação no semiárido de Pernambuco
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Corrêa, Rossini M.

; Freire, Maria B. G. dos S.

; Ferreira, Rinaldo L. C.

; Silva, José A. A. da

; Pessoa, Luiz G. M.

; Miranda, Marcelo A.

; Melo, Diego V. M. de

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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apr 2010, Volume 14 N. 4 Pages 358 - 365

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Solos sob clima semiárido têm sido degradados pela salinização, reduzindo a capacidade produtiva. Objetivou-se com este trabalho, avaliar atributos físicos dos solos de um perímetro irrigado no semiárido do Nordeste do Brasil e comparar diferentes usos utilizando-se esses atributos. O trabalho foi desenvolvido no perímetro irrigado Icó-Mandantes, entre Petrolândia e Floresta, sertão de Pernambuco, no qual as populações foram estratificadas de acordo com os usos em áreas com culturas de ciclo curto (C), fruticultura (F), pastagem (P), áreas descartadas (D) e com vegetação nativa (V). Coletaram-se amostras de solo deformadas e indeformadas nas camadas de 0-10, 10-30 e 30-60 cm, para determinação dos atributos físicos. Os indicadores foram submetidos à análise multivariada, pela técnica de componentes principais e agrupamento pelo método Tocher. O uso agrícola promoveu alterações nos atributos físicos dos solos em relação à vegetação nativa. A qualidade do solo para os atributos físicos variou entre as camadas de 0-10 e 10-30 cm, exceto para o uso V, com qualidade similar nessas camadas. Os usos F e P indicaram melhor qualidade física do solo em relação ao uso C, de 0-10 e 10-30 cm, e o uso D mostrou a pior qualidade do solo nas camadas avaliadas.

Soils in semiarid climate regions had been degraded by salinization, reducing their productive capacity. This work aimed to evaluate physical attributes of soil in an irrigated perimeter in the semiarid Northeast of Brazil and to compare different soil uses using these attributes. The study was carried out at Icó-Mandantes Irrigated Perimeter, between Petrolândia and Floresta, in semiarid region of Pernambuco, in which the populations were separated by their uses in annual crops (C), fruticulture (F), discarded lands (D), pasture (P), native vegetation (V). Undisturbed and disturbed soil samples were collected, in layers of 0-10, 10-30 and 30-60 cm, for physical analysis. The indicators were submitted to multivariate analysis, by Principal Component Analysis, and clustering by the Tocher method. The agricultural use promoted alterations in the physical attributes of soil in relation to soil under native vegetation. The soil quality for the physical attributes varied between the layers of 0-10 and 10-30 cm, except in use V, sohich presented similar quality in these layers. F and P uses had presented better physical soil quality than C use in the layers of 0-10 and 10-30 cm and D use presented the worst soil quality in the evaluated layers.

4355 downloads

Estrutura de um fragmento florestal no Engenho Humaitá, Catende, Pernambuco, Brasil
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Guimarães, Francisco J. P.

; Ferreira, Rinaldo L. C.

; Marangon, Luiz C.

; Silva, José A. A. da

; Aparício, Perseu da S.

; Alves Júnior, Francisco T.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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dec 2009, Volume 13 Pages 940 - 947

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Avaliou-se, neste trabalho, a estrutura de um fragmento florestal antropizado denominado Mata das Galinhas, Engenho Humaitá, Catende, Pernambuco, e se utilizaram, para avaliar a composição florística e a estrutura fitossociológica, 14 parcelas de 10 x 25 m a fim de amostrar os indivíduos arbóreos com circunferência a 1,30 m do solo (CAP) ≥ 10 cm. Foram estimados, então, densidade, frequência e dominância e valor de importância (VI) e o índice de Shannon, além de registrados 438 indivíduos pertencentes a 63 espécies, 45 gêneros e 29 famílias. As famílias de maior importância foram Mimosaceae, Moraceae, Anacardiaceae e Lecythidaceae e as espécies com maiores valores de VI, foram Brosimum discolor, Parkia pendula, Eschweilera ovata, Thyrsodium spruceanum, Tapirira guianensis, Protium heptaphyllum, Casearia arborea, Helicostylis tomentosa, Dialium guianense, Schefflera morototoni, Himatanthus phagedaenicus e Cupania racemosa. Quando observado isoladamente, conclui-se que o fragmento estudado possui pouca relevância; entretanto, se considerado conjuntamente com outros fragmentos da área, sua diversidade é significativa o que justificaria esforços para sua conservação e manejo.

The structure of a forest fragment, known as "Mata das Galinhas" at Humaitá sugar mill, Catende, Pernambuco, Brazil was evaluated. To evaluate the floristic composition and the phytosociological structure under anthropic action 14 plots of 10 x 25 m were used to sample the arboreal individuals with circumference at breast height (CBH) ≥ 10 cm. The density, frequency, and dominance, the importance value (IV) and the Shannon's index were calculated. A total of 438 individuals distributed into 63 species, 45 genera and 29 families were recorded. The families of larger importance in the study were Mimosaceae, Moraceae, Anacardiaceae and Lecythidaceae. The species with larger values of IV were Brosimum discolor, Parkia pendula, Eschweilera ovata, Thyrsodium spruceanum, Tapirira guianensis, Protium heptaphyllum, Casearia arborea, Helicostylis tomentosa, Dialium guianense, Schefflera morototoni, Himatanthus phagedaenicus and Cupania racemosa. When observed separately, the studied fragment possesses low relevance; however, when considered jointly with other fragments of the area, its diversity is significant, justifying efforts for conservation and management.

2341 downloads

ALTERNATIVA DE MODELO LINEAR PARA ESTIMAÇÃO DA BIOMASSA VERDE DE Bambusa vulgaris SCHRAD. EX J.C. WENDL NA EXISTÊNCIA DE MULTICOLINEARIDADE
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Silva, Adriano Victor Lopes da

; Ferreira, Rinaldo Luiz Caraciolo

; Silva, José Antonio Aleixo da

; Cespedes, German Hugo Guttierez

Ciência Florestal

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jun 2009, Volume 19 N. 2 Pages 207 - 214

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi utilizar um método estatístico multivariado como opção para estimar a biomassa verde da haste principal do bambu, Bambusa vulgaris Schrad. ex J. C. Wendl., na existência de multicolinearidade. Os dados foram provenientes de um experimento conduzido pela empresa Agroindustrial Excelsior S. A. (Agrimex) localizada no Engenho Itapirema, município de Goiana, PE. Foram utilizadas 450 hastes de bambu, que tiveram sua biomassa verde quantificada por meio do peso e mensuração de quatro variáveis independentes. Inicialmente, comprovou-se a existência da multicolinearidade por meio da matriz de correlação das variáveis independentes e pelo fator de inflação da variância e a opção utilizada foi à regressão linear com os componentes principais que tem como base a matriz de covariância. O resultado indicou que ao existir uma interpretação para os componentes principais o modelo apresenta um ajuste satisfatório aos dados, podendo ser utilizado para estimar a biomassa verde da haste principal do bambu.

ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to use a multivariate statistical method as an alternative to estimate the green biomass of the main bamboo rod, Bambusa vulgaris Schrad. i.e.: J.C. Wendl., in the presence of multicollinearity. The data came from an experiment carried out for the Agroindustrial Excelsior S. A. (Agrimex) company located in the city of Goiana - PE. Quantified by their green biomass weight, 450 bamboo rods were used and 4 independent variables measured in the rod. Initially, the presence of the multicollinearity could be verified through the correlation matrix of the independent variables and the varience inflation factors, the alternative used was the regression of the principal components based on the covariate matrix. The result indicates that, when there is an interpretation to the main components, the model shows a satisfactory data adjust, and it could be used to estimate the green biomass of the main bamboo rod.

https://doi.org/10.5902/19805098411 322 downloads

Estrutura diamétrica de um fragmento de Floresta Atlântica em matriz de cana-de-açúcar, Catende, Pernambuco
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Alves Junior, Francisco T.

; Ferreira, Rinaldo L. C.

; Silva, José A. A. da

; Marangon, Luiz C.

; Costa Junior, Roberto F.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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jun 2009, Volume 13 N. 3 Pages 328 - 333

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Objetivou-se, neste trabalho, analisar a estrutura diamétrica do componente arbóreo de um fragmento de Floresta Atlântica inserido em uma matriz de cana-de-açúcar, utilizando-se o quociente "q" de De Liocourt. O estudo foi realizado no fragmento denominado Mata das Caldeiras, no município de Catende, Pernambuco. Os indivíduos amostrados foram distribuídos em classes de diâmetro com amplitude de 5 cm, em que o centro da primeira classe tem o valor de 6,5 cm. Com o uso do quociente "q" de De Liocourt, aqui empregado, construíram-se as curvas de distribuição diamétrica, observadas e estimadas para a amostragem geral e para as espécies de maior Valor de Importância (VI). O fragmento Mata das Caldeiras apresentou déficit de árvores nas classes de diâmetro, geral e por espécies de maior VI, comparado a uma floresta balanceada. O quociente "q" de De Liocourt pode ser usado para avaliar estrutura diamétrica em fragmentos de Floresta Atlântica. Por meio da distribuição diamétrica e dos valores de "q" obtidos para o estágio de sucessão em que se encontram as áreas, pode-se inferir que o grau de perturbação nesses fragmentos ocorre de forma constante.

This work aimed to analyze the diametric structure of arboreous component in an Atlantic Rain Forest fragment using De Liocourt quotient "q". The study was carried out at the Atlantic Rain Forest fragment, called Mata das Caldeiras, in Catende municipality, Pernambuco State, Brazil. The sampled individuals were distributed in class diameters with amplitude of 5 cm, with the first class having a value of 6.5 cm. Using the quotient "q" of De Liocourt the curves of diametric distribution, observed and estimated, were constructed, for the whole fragment and for species of higher Importance Value (VI). The fragment Mata das Caldeiras showed a deficit of trees in the diameter classes, generally and for species of greater VI, compared with a balanced forest. The De Liocourt quotient "q" may be used to evaluate diametric structure in fragments of Atlantic Forest. By the diametric distribution and obtained values of "q", for the period of succession found in the areas, it can be inferred that the degree of disturbance in these fragments occurs in a consistant manner.

3556 downloads

10.

Composição química de forrageiras e seletividade de bovinos em bosque-de-sabiá (Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth.) nos períodos chuvoso e seco
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Vieira, Ednéia de Lucena

; Carvalho, Francisco F. Ramos de

; Batista, Ângela Maria Vieira

; Ferreira, Rinaldo Luiz C.

; Santos, Mércia Virgínia Ferreira dos

; Lira, Mário de Andrade

; Silva, Maria José da

; Silva, Edna Maria Bonfim da

Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia

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oct 2005, Volume 34 N. 5 Pages 1505 - 1511

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

A pesquisa foi desenvolvida no período de junho de 1999 a março de 2000, com o objetivo de determinar, nos períodos chuvoso e seco, a composição química de sabiá (Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth.), com acúleo e sem acúleo, na dieta de bovinos em condições de pastejo e a composição botânica do bosque de sabiá e da dieta selecionada. Não foi observada diferença significativa quanto à composição química entre os sabiás com e sem acúleo, obtendo-se valores médios, no período chuvoso, de 26,45% de matéria seca (MS), 27,63% de proteína bruta (PB), 44,39% de fibra em detergente neutro (FDN), 25,80% de fibra em detergente ácido (FDA), 1,24% de cálcio (Ca), 0,22% de fósforo (P), 1,63% de potássio (K) e 1,12% de sódio (Na). No período seco, os valores médios observados foram de 42,39% de MS; 19,30% de PB; 39,05% de FDN; 21,83% de FDA; 1,25% de Ca; 0,15% de P; 1,63% de K e 0,27% de Na. Para a composição botânica da dieta, observou-se que, durante o período chuvoso, as amostras de extrusa apresentaram maior participação de sabiá (83,1%) que no período seco ( 12,3%). Os resultados obtidos indicaram que, durante o período chuvoso, os animais selecionaram sabiá em maior quantidade para sua dieta e que a coleta manual, como realizada, superestimou a fração fibrosa da dieta calculada a partir da composição química da extrusa.

This trial was carried out from June 1999 to March 2000 to evaluate the chemical composition of samples of sabiá legume (Mimosa caesalpiniaefolia Benth.), with and without thorns, collected in the rainy and dry seasons and to compare the botanical composition of sabiá pasture with that of the diet selected by the grazing animals. No significant difference was observed in chemical composition between samples of sabiá with and without thorns. The mean values obtained in the rainy samples were: 26.45% drymatter (DM), 27.63% crude protein (CP), 44.39% neutral detergent fiber (NDF), 25.80% acid detergent fiber (ADF), 1.24% calcium (Ca), 0.22% phosphorus (P), 1.63% potassium (K) and 1.12% sodium (Na). In the dry period samples, the mean values observed were: 42.39% DM, 19.30% CP, 39.05% NDF, 21.83% ADF, 1.25% Ca, 0.15% P, 1.63% K and 0.27% Na. Considering the botanical composition, the rainy extrusa sample showed higher participation of sabiá (83.1%) as compared to the dry period (12.3%). During the rainy period, the animals selected sabiá in higher quantity while the hand plucked samples overestimated the dietary fiber fraction as compared to values for the extrusa samples.

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