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ABSTRACT The expression ‘you need to know to conserve’ is a well-known cliche among biologists. Documenting the richness of a group of organisms is the first step towards understanding biodiversity and preparing efficient conservation plans. In this context, many efforts have been made to quantify the number of species on Earth and estimate the number of species still unknown to science. A few countries have complete and integrated databases estimating the approximate number of species recorded for their territory, particularly in the Global South. In Brazil, a country of continental dimensions, revealing the richness of the second most diverse clade of invertebrates (=Mollusca) has been a goal of taxonomists. Recently, in an unprecedented, collective, and integrated effort among Brazilian malacologists, it was possible to estimate how many valid species of molluscs are there in Brazil. In this effort, more than 30 mollusc experts joined together to update the Taxonomic Catalogue of the Brazilian Fauna (TCBF), a governmental website that allows a quick and real-time updating of all Metazoan. So far, more than 5,000 updates have been made in TCBF, indicating the presence of 3,552 valid species of molluscs in Brazil, distributed among the main clades as follows: Caudofoveata (10 spp.), Solenogastres (6 spp.), Polyplacophora (35 spp.), Scaphopoda (43 spp.), Cephalopoda (92 spp.), Bivalvia (629 spp.) and Gastropoda (2,737 spp.). The present study, in addition to demonstrating for the first time the richness of Brazilian molluscs, also presents the state of the art of this important phylum of invertebrates highlighting its most representative and neglected groups.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-4689.v40.e23026

Sulfonylurea resistance in Amaranthus hybridus from southern Brazil
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Mendes, Rafael Romero

; Silva, Vanessa Francieli Vital

; Ferreira, Luiz Augusto Inojosa

; Oliveira Jr, Rubem Silvério de

Revista Ceres

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may 2022, Volume 69 N. 3 Pages 374 - 378

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Amaranthus hybridus is a C4 broadleaf species widely spread across Brazilian agricultural territory. Recently, several herbicide resistance reports have been documented in southern Brazil, including the reports for enolpyruvilshikymate-3-phosphate (EPSPS)- and acetolactate-synthase (ALS)- inhibitors. The objective of this study was to confirm the existence of an ALS resistant (R) A. hybridus population from Paraná state. Dose-response experiments were conducted with R and a known susceptible (S) population with herbicides from three different chemical groups of ALS inhibitors. Biomass relative to untreated control was quantified and GR50 (dose for 50% of biomass reduction), GR90 (dose for 90% of biomass reduction) and resistant index (RI) were calculated based on non-linear regression analysis. The R population was 6.9-fold resistant to chlorimuron-ethyl and 6.5-fold resistant to metsulfuron-ethyl (sulfonylureas - SUL). Additionally, the recommended rates from each herbicide was not sufficient to reach 90% control to R based on GR90 parameter estimation. There was no resistance to imazethapyr (imidazolinone - IMI) and cloransulan-methyl (triazolopyrimidine - TRI) due to the low doses of GR90 and non-significant RIs. The R A. hybridus population investigated was resistant to ALS inhibitors chlorimuron-ethyl and metsulfuron-ethyl (SUL), but susceptible to IMI and TRI herbicides.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-737x202269030016

Refractory feline sporotrichosis: a comparative analysis on the clinical, histopathological, and cytopathological aspects
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Silva, Francine S.

; Cunha, Simone C.S.

; Moraes, Vanessa A.

; Leite, Juliana S.

; Ferreira, Ana M.R.

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira

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2022, Volume 42 elocation e06923

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: A esporotricose é uma infecção fúngica crônica causada por espécies do gênero Sporothrix. A ocorrência de casos refratários ao tratamento de longo prazo, especialmente na região nasal de gatos, alerta para a importância do estudo de sua patogênese. Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar o processo inflamatório das lesões cutâneas de esporotricose felina refratária ao tratamento, por meio de exames citopatológico e histopalógico, e comparar com aspectos clínicos. Treze gatos com lesões cutâneas refratárias ao tratamento com Itraconazol por mais de um ano foram incluídos no estudo. Amostras de lesões cutâneas foram coletadas para análises citopatológicas, histopatológicas e cultura fúngica. Fragmentos de tecidos foram processados e corados pela hematoxilina-eosina (HE) e Prata Metenamina de Grocott (GMS). Duas apresentações clínicas tiveram maior ocorrência: a forma localizada cutânea em animais com bom estado geral e doença estável (n=9, 69,2%); e a forma disseminada cutânea em gatos com estado geral ruim (n=4, 30,8%). A região nasal (84,6%) foi a localização mais frequente das lesões nos gatos com esporotricose refratária ao tratamento. No estudo citopatológico, felinos com menos de duas lesões, e em bom estado geral, (n=9, 69,2%) revelaram ausência ou leve intensidade de leveduras (até 5 leveduras por campo), menor intensidade de macrófagos e neutrófilos, e maior intensidade de células epitelióides, linfócitos, plasmócitos e eosinófilos. Enquanto, (n=4, 30,8%) dos felinos que apresentavam a forma disseminada da esporotricose associada a um estado geral ruim, revelaram acentuada intensidade de leveduras em sua maioria fagocitadas por acentuado número de macrófagos e neutrófilos. Dos animais com bom estado geral, a maioria (n=6, 66,7%) apresentava maior intensidade de eosinófilos. Na histopatologia, o granuloma supurativo mal formado foi o tipo predominante (n=9, 69,2%) nas lesões de esporotricose felina, e (n=4, 30,8%) foram de granulomas bem formados. Granulomas mal formados apresentaram leve a moderada intensidade fúngica (55,6%) nos animais com bom estado geral e lesões localizadas, e acentuada intensidade fúngica (44,4%) nos gatos com a forma disseminada da doença e estado geral ruim. Granulomas bem formados (n=4, 30,7%) apresentaram leve a moderada intensidade de carga fúngica, sendo 75% dos animais com esse tipo de granuloma com apenas uma lesão e bom estadogeral. O tratamento de longo prazo com itraconazol, nesses gatos com esporotricose refratária, pode manter a infecção controlada e lesões localizadas estáveis de forma temporária, contudo a reativação do fungo pode ocorrer levando a uma resposta imunológica exuberante e ineficiente.

ABSTRACT: Sporotrichosis is a chronic fungal infection caused by Sporothrix species. The occurrence of cases that are resistant to long-term treatment, especially in the nasal planum of cats, emphasizes the importance of studying its pathogenesis. The purpose of this study was to analyze and compare the inflammatory process of cutaneous lesions of feline refractory sporotrichosis to clinical aspects through cytopathological and histopathological examination. Moreover, the study included 13 cats with cutaneous lesions that had been resistant to itraconazole treatment for more than a year. Cutaneous lesions samples were collected for cytopathological, histopathological, and fungal culture analyses. Tissue fragments were processed and stained with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and Grocott methenamine silver (GMS). Further, two clinical presentations had the highest occurrence: the localized cutaneous form in animals with good general condition and stable disease (n=9, 69.2%) and the disseminated cutaneous form in cats with poor general condition (n=4, 30.8%). In cats with refractory sporotrichosis, the nasal planum (84.6%) was the most common location of lesions. In the cytopathological study, cats with fewer than two lesions and in good general condition (n=9, 69.2%) showed absence or mild yeast intensity (up to 5 yeasts per field), lower intensity of macrophages and neutrophils, and higher intensity of epithelioid cells, lymphocytes, plasma cells, and eosinophils. On the other hand, (n=4, 30.8%) of the cats with disseminated sporotrichosis and a poor general condition had a marked intensity of yeasts, which were mostly phagocytosed by an increased number of macrophages and neutrophils. Of those animals with good general condition, the majority (n=6, 66.7%) had higher eosinophil intensity. In histopathology, malformed suppurative granuloma was the predominant type (n=9, 69.2%) in feline sporotrichosis lesions, followed by well-formed granulomas (n=4, 30.8%). Malformed granulomas showed mild to moderate fungal intensity (55.6%) in animals with good general condition and localized lesions while marked fungal intensity (44.4%) in cats with the disseminated form of the disease and poor general condition. Well-formed granulomas (n=4, 30.7%) had mild to moderate intensity of fungal load, and 75% of the animals with this type of granuloma had only one lesion and were in good general condition. Long-term itraconazole treatment in these cats with refractory sporotrichosis can keep the infection under control and localized lesions stable; however, fungus reactivation can occur, resulting in an exuberant and inefficient immune response.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-6923

Nanostructured Insecticide Composition through the Incorporation of Natural Abamectin in β-Cyclodextrin: Activity against Aedes aegypti Larvae
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Bittencourt, Vanessa C. E

; Moreira, Ana M. S

; Ferreira, Alexandre A

; Ferreira, Erúzia A. E

; Gomides, Antônio F. F

; Rodrigues, Cibele V

; Martins, Gustavo F

; Silva, Jeferson G. da

; Borges, Keyller B

; Denadai, Ângelo M. L

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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nov 2021, Volume 32 N. 11 Pages 2023 - 2032

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

This study searched for a new pre-formulation based on the natural compound from the class of the avermectins, named abamectin (ABA), in order to improve its action against Aedes aegypti larvae by complexation with β-cyclodextrin (βCD). Concerning the low aqueous solubility of ABA, even in the presence of βCD, it was also invoked the strategy of working with hydrophobic nanoprecipitates (HNPs). For these purposes, molecular and supramolecular characterizations of 1:1 ABA/βCD complex and evaluation of its toxicity against A. aegypti larvae were performed. In the physical-chemistry characterizations, changes in the infrared spectra and thermal profiles in relation to precursors confirmed the occurrence of interactions between ABA and βCD in solid state. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data suggest the inclusion of ABA in βCD via benzofuran ring. Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) experiments allowed to verify the formation of complex with a 1:1 stoichiometry, which was entropy driven. The dynamic light scattering and zeta potential data from inclusion compounds demonstrated changes in the size of the ABA/βCD HNP if compared with the ABA HNP. Finally, the results for biological assays demonstrate that the strategy to prepare the inclusion compound led to an increase in the larvicidal activity in relation to free ABA.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20210093 11 downloads

Sensitivity of lettuce cultivar Lucy Brown to pre-planting herbicide application
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Riva, Nicole B da

; Biffe, Denis Fernando

; Nalin, Daniel

; Mendes, Rafael R

; Silva, Vanessa FV

; Ferreira, Luiz Augusto I

; Constantin, Jamil

Horticultura Brasileira

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sep 2021, Volume 39 N. 3 Pages 305 - 311

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Devido à baixa disponibilidade de ingredientes ativos de herbicidas, o manejo químico de plantas daninhas na cultura da alface é um desafio. Objetivou-se avaliar a sensibilidade da alface à aplicação dos herbicidas flumioxazin e trifluralin, isolados ou em mistura em pré-plantio de mudas de alface cultivar Lucy Brown. Dois experimentos foram realizados. O experimento A recebeu uma operação de revolvimento no solo antes da aplicação dos herbicidas e outra antes do transplantio das mudas; o experimento B recebeu apenas um revolvimento do solo anterior à aplicação do herbicida. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial (3x3) + 1 (2 fatores com 3 níveis e uma testemunha adicional) com 4 repetições. Ambos experimentos receberam os tratamentos herbicidas flumioxazin (120 g ha-1), trifluralin (450 g ha-1) e a associação flumioxazin + trifluralin (120 + 450 g ha-1) aplicados em três épocas distintas antecedendo o transplantio (0, 7 e 14 dias). A produtividade de alface após aplicação de trifluralin (48,4 t ha-1) foi maior do que sob aplicação de flumioxazin (16,8 t ha-1) no experimento A. No experimento B flumioxazin aos 14 DAT reduziu o número de folhas de alface (25,6), todavia não houve diferenças de produtividade. O herbicida trifluralin causou menores níveis de fitointoxicação na alface e foi o mais seletivo dentre os tratamentos quando aplicado nas três épocas nos dois experimentos.

ABSTRACT Due to the low availability of herbicide active ingredients, the chemical weed management in lettuce crop is a challenge. The aim of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity of lettuce to the pre-planting application of the herbicides flumioxazin and trifluralin alone or in tank-mixture in lettuce, Lucy Brown cultivar. Two experiments were conducted. In experiment A, the soil was tilled before the herbicide application and it was tilled again before seedling transplanting. In experiment B, the soil was tilled just once before the herbicide application. The experimental design was in randomized blocks in a factorial scheme (3x3) +1 (2 factors with 3 levels and an additional control) with 4 replicates. We applied flumioxazin (120 g ha-1), trifluralin (450 g ha-1) and flumioxazin + trifluralin (120 + 450 g ha-1) in three different seasons before transplanting (0, 7 and 14 days). Lettuce productivity after trifluralin application (48.4 t ha-1) was higher than after flumioxazin application (16.8 t ha-1) in experiment A. In experiment B, flumioxazin decreased the number of lettuce leaves (25.6) at 14 DAT; no differences in lettuce productivity were verified, though. The herbicide trifluralin caused lower levels of phytotoxicity and was the most selective between the treatments when applied in the three seasons in both experiments.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-0536-20210310 60 downloads

Botanical insecticide formulation with neem oil and D-limonene for coffee borer control
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Brito, Welington Adolfo de

; Siquieroli, Ana Carolina Silva

; Andaló, Vanessa

; Duarte, Jéssyca Gonçalves

; Sousa, Raquel Maria Ferreira de

; Felisbino, John Kenedy Rodrigues Pereira

; Silva, Gleidson Caetano da

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira

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2021, Volume 56 elocation e02000

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a atividade inseticida de formulação botânica com óleo de nim (Azadirachta indica) e D-limoneno no controle de Hypothenemus hampei, bem como determinar a composição de ácidos graxos do óleo de nim. O óleo de nim 95% foi extraído de sementes de A. indica prensadas a frio, e o D-limoneno, da casca de frutas cítricas. Extrato húmico (carbono orgânico), potássio, cálcio, magnésio e enxofre foram adicionados como aditivos. A análise do óleo de nim por cromatografia gasosa acoplada à espectrometria de massa mostrou que o ácido linoleico (49,28%) é o principal ácido graxo na sua composição. Os testes em campo foram realizados em cafeeiro (Coffea arabica) 'Topázio MG 1190', com quatro aplicações do composto formulado, a cada 20 dias, por um período de 64 dias. Para análise da atividade inseticida, a formulação botânica foi aplicada em papel filtro ou topicamente no dorso do inseto, tendo mostrado mortalidade de 63,34 e 100% após 48 horas, respectivamente. Em campo, a atividade inseticida causou redução de 62,4% na incidência da população de H. hampei, em comparação ao controle. A formulação botânica avaliada é eficiente no controle de H. hampei em cafeeiro.

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the insecticidal activity of a botanical formulation with neem (Azadirachta indica) oil and D-limonene for the control of Hypothenemus hampei, as well as to determine the fatty acid composition of neem oil. Ninety-five percent neem oil was extracted from cold-pressed A. indica seeds, and D-limonene, from citrus peel. Humic extract (organic carbon), potassium, calcium, magnesium, and sulfur were included as additives. The analysis of neem oil by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry showed that linoleic acid (49.28%) is the main fatty acid in its composition. Field tests were carried out on 'Topázio MG 1190' coffee (Coffea arabica) trees, with four applications of the formulated compound every 20 days for a period of 64 days. For the evaluation of insecticidal activity, the botanical formulation was applied to filter paper or topically on the insect’s dorsal side, showing a mortality of 63.34 and 100% after 48 hours, respectively. In the field, insecticidal activity caused a 62.4% reduction in the incidence of the H. hampei population, when compared with the control. The evaluated botanical formulation is efficient in controlling H. hampei in coffee plants.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2021.v56.02000 431 downloads

Pediatric patients with COVID-19 admitted to intensive care units in Brazil: a prospective multicenter study,
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Prata-Barbosa, Arnaldo

; Lima-Setta, Fernanda

; Santos, Gustavo Rodrigues dos

; Lanziotti, Vanessa Soares

; Castro, Roberta Esteves Vieira de

; Souza, Daniela Carla de

; Raymundo, Carlos Eduardo

; Oliveira, Felipe Rezende Caino de

; Lima, Lucio Flavio Peixoto de

; Tonial, Cristian Tedesco

; Colleti Jr., José

; Bellinat, Ana Paula Novaes

; Lorenzo, Vivian Botelho

; Zeitel, Raquel de Seixas

; Pulcheri, Lucas

; Costa, Fernanda Ciuffo Monte da

; La Torre, Fabíola Peixoto Ferreira

; Figueiredo, Elaine Augusta das Neves

; Silva, Thiago Peres da

; Riveiro, Paula Marins

; Mota, Isabele Coelho Fonseca da

; Brandão, Igor Bromonschenkel

; Azevedo, Zina Maria Almeida de

; Gregory, Simone Camera

; Boedo, Fernanda Raquel Oliveira

; Carvalho, Rosana Novais de

; Castro, Natália Almeida de Arnaldo Silva Rodriguez

; Genu, Daniel Hilário Santos

; Foronda, Flavia Andrea Krepel

; Cunha, Antonio José Ledo A.

; Magalhães-Barbosa, Maria Clara de

Jornal de Pediatria

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dec 2020, Volume 96 N. 5 Pages 582 - 592

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Objetivo: Descrever as características clínicas de crianças e adolescentes internados em unidade de terapia intensiva com COVID-19 confirmada. Método: Estudo prospectivo, multicêntrico, observacional, em 19 unidades de terapia intensiva pediátrica. Foram incluídos pacientes entre um mês e 19 anos, admitidos consecutivamente (março a maio de 2020). As características demográficas, clínico-epidemiológicas, o tratamento e os resultados foram coletados. Os subgrupos foram comparados de acordo com as comorbidades, idade < 1 ano e necessidade de ventilação mecânica invasiva. Um modelo de regressão logística multivariável foi utilizado para preditores de gravidade. Resultados: Setenta e nove pacientes foram incluídos (10 com síndrome inflamatória multi-ssistêmica). Mediana de idade, quatro anos; 54% eram do sexo masculino (síndrome inflamatória multissistêmica, 80%); 41% tinham comorbidades (síndrome inflamatória multissistêmica, 20%). Febre (76%), tosse (51%) e taquipneia (50%) foram comuns nos dois grupos. Sintomas graves egastrointestinais e marcadores inflamatórios mais elevados foram mais frequentes na presença de síndrome inflamatória multissistêmica. Infiltrados intersticiais pulmonares foram comuns em ambos os grupos, mas o derrame pleural foi mais prevalente no grupo com síndrome inflamatória multissistêmica (43% vs. 14%). A ventilação mecânica invasiva foi utilizada em 18% (mediana 7,5 dias); antibióticos, oseltamivir e corticosteroides foram utilizados em 76%, 43% e 23%, respectivamente, mas não a hidroxicloroquina. A mediana do tempo de permanência na unidade de terapia intensiva pediátrica foi de 5 dias; duas mortes ocorreram (3%) no grupo não- síndrome inflamatória multissistêmica. Os pacientes com comorbidades eram mais velhos, e as comorbidades foram independentemente associadas à necessidade de ventilação mecânica invasiva(OR 5,5; IC95%, 1,43-21,12; P 0,01). Conclusões: Nas unidades de terapia intensiva pediátrica brasileiras, a COVID-19 apresentou baixa mortalidade, a idade inferior a um ano não foi associada a um pior prognóstico, os pacientes com síndrome inflamatória multissistêmica apresentaram sintomas mais graves, biomarcadores inflamatórios mais elevados e uma grande predominância no sexo masculino, mas apenas a presença de comorbidades e doenças crônicas foi um preditor independente de gravidade.

Abstract Objective: To describe the clinical characteristics of children and adolescents admitted to intensive care with confirmed COVID-19. Method: Prospective, multicenter, observational study, in 19 pediatric intensive care units. Patients aged 1 month to 19 years admitted consecutively (March-May 2020) were included. Demographic, clinical-epidemiological features, treatment, and outcomes were collected. Subgroups were compared according to comorbidities, age < 1 year, and need for invasive mechanical ventilation. A multivariable logistic regression model was used for predictors of severity. Results: Seventy-nine patients were included (ten with multisystemic inflammatory syndrome). Median age 4 years; 54% male (multisystemic inflammatory syndrome, 80%); 41% had comorbidities (multisystemic inflammatory syndrome, 20%). Fever (76%), cough (51%), and tachypnea (50%) were common in both groups. Severe symptoms, gastrointestinal symptoms, and higher inflammatory markers were more frequent in multisystemic inflammatory syndrome. Interstitial lung infiltrates were common in both groups, but pleural effusion was more prevalent in the multisystemic inflammatory syndrome group (43% vs. 14%). Invasive mechanical ventilation was used in 18% (median 7.5 days); antibiotics, oseltamivir, and corticosteroids were used in 76%, 43%, and 23%, respectively, but not hydroxychloroquine. The median pediatric intensive care unit length-of-stay was five days; there were two deaths (3%) in the non- multisystemic inflammatory syndrome group. Patients with comorbidities were older and comorbidities were independently associated with the need for invasive mechanical ventilation (OR 5.5; 95% CI, 1.43-21.12; p = 0.01). Conclusions: In Brazilian pediatric intensive care units, COVID-19 had low mortality, age less than 1 year was not associated with a worse prognosis, and patients with multisystemic inflammatory syndrome had more severe symptoms, higher inflammatory biomarkers, and a greater predominance of males, but only comorbidities and chronic diseases were independent predictors of severity.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2020.07.002 2718 downloads

Genome size and identification of repetitive DNA sequences using low coverage sequencing in Hancornia speciosa Gomes (Apocynaceae: Gentianales)
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Santos, Vanessa

; Silva, Edson Ferreira da

; Almeida, Cícero

Genetics and Molecular Biology

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2020, Volume 43 N. 4 elocation e20190175

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Repetitive DNA is an important component of eukaryotic genomes, accounting for more than 90% of the genome size of some species, including mobile elements and satellite DNA sequences. The aim of study was to characterize the genome of Hancornia speciosa Gomes using C-value genome size estimate and repetitive DNA sequences analysis. The genome size estimate was obtained by flow cytometry and the repetitive DNA sequences were accessed using graph-based clustering. Evolutionary relationships among species of Apocynaceae was obtained using reads of Catharanthus roseus L., Rhayza stricta Decne, and Asclepias syriaca L. from the NCBI and analyzed by graph-based clustering. The genome size estimates in two botanical varieties showed 2C-values ranging from 0.88 to 1.08 pg, indicating small genome size. Clusters representing repeats making up at least 0.01% of the genome revealed the proportion of repetitive DNA ranging from 19.87% (H. speciosa) to 51.674% (A. syriaca), of which the mobile elements were more abundant. Satellite DNA sequences were not found in H. speciosa and R. stricta, while at least one satellite was detected in C. roseus and A. syriaca, suggesting that the LTR retrotransposon Ty3/Gypsy/Chromovirus may have replaced the satellite DNA in H. speciosa and R. stricta.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2019-0175 555 downloads

10.

Quantitation of muscle pathology abnormalities in 18 patients with mitochondrial disorders
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Kouyoumdjian, João A.

; Graça, Carla Renata

; Ferreira, Vanessa Fernanda M.

Jornal Brasileiro de Patologia e Medicina Laboratorial

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oct 2018, Volume 54 N. 5 Pages 325 - 332

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO INTRODUÇÃO: Desordens mitocondriais são usualmente caracterizadas por: 1. acúmulo de mitocôndria nas fibras musculares que aparecem como fibras vermelhas rasgadas (FVR) ou azuis rasgadas quando coradas, respectivamente, pelo tricrômio modificado de Gomori ou pelo succinato desidrogenase (SDH+); 2. ausência de atividade da citocromo c oxidase (COX), originando fibras COX negativa (COX-). A combinação de colorações COX e SDH pode revelar ainda mais fibras COX deficiente (COMBO+). Objetivos: Quantificar FVR, SDH+, COX- e COMBO+ em biópsias musculares com anormalidades mitocondriais. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: Foram analisadas retrospectivamente 18 biópsias com anormalidades mitocondriais com base no critério de Walker (percentagem de FVR/ COX- e quadro clínico) e/ou critério de Sleigh (percentagem de FVR, SDH+ e COX-). RESULTADOS: Sexo feminino representou 83, 3% e média de idade 38, 6 anos (5 meses a 70 anos). Oftalmoplegia externa progressiva crônica (OEPC) representou 66, 7%; miopatia proximal, 22, 2%; hiperCKemia idiopática, 11, 1%; síndrome de Kearns-Sayre, 5, 6%; encefalopatia mitocondrial com FVR e episódios semelhantes a acidente vascular cerebral, 5, 6%; e padrão distrófico, 5, 6%. Alguns casos de OEPC estavam associados à miopatia proximal. Achados patológicos quantitativos: FVR, 3, 95% ± 3, 17%; SDH+, 7, 55% ± 6, 1%; COX-, 10, 9% ± 7, 2%; COMBO+, 14, 22% ± 12, 79%. Encontramos leve variação de calibre das fibras musculares sem necrose ou proliferação de tecido conjuntivo, poucas fibras com núcleos internos e alguns casos com agrupamento de fibras. CONCLUSÃO: As anormalidades patológicas nas fibras musculares em ordem ascendente de frequência foram: FVR, SDH+, COX- e COMBO+. Nossos achados enfatizam a importância da técnica COMBO (COX + SDH) para aumento na frequência de fibras musculares COX deficiente ocultas.

ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: Mitochondrial disorders can lead to the accumulation of mitochondria in muscle fibers, as indicated by ragged red (RRF) or ragged blue fibers when stained with modified Gomori trichrome or succinate dehydrogenase (SDH+), respectively, and, absence of activity of cytochrome c oxidase, COX negative fibers (COX-). The combined COX-SDH stain (COMBO+) can reveal even more COX-deficient fibers. OBJECTIVE: To quantify RRFs, SDH+, COX-, and COMBO+ fibers in muscle biopsies with mitochondrial findings. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We retrospectively selected 18 muscle biopsies with mitochondrial abnormalities based on the Walker criteria (percentage of RRFs/COX- fibers, and clinical picture), and/or the Sleigh criteria (percentage of RRFs, SDH+, and COX- fibers). RESULTS: Females represented 83.3%, with a mean age of 38.6 years (5 months-70 years). Patients were diagnosed with chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia (CPEO, 66.7%), proximal myopathy (22.2%), idiopathic hyperCKemia (11.1%), Kearns-Sayre syndrome (5.6%), mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with ragged red fibers and stroke-like episodes (5.6%), and a dystrophic pattern (5.6%). Some cases of CPEO were combined with proximal myopathy. The quantitative pathologic findings were: RRFs, 3.95% ± 3.17%; SDH+, 7.55% ± 6.1%; COX-, 10.9% ± 7.2%; COMBO+, 14.22% ± 12.79%. We found a slight variation in the diameter of muscle fibers, no necrosis or proliferative connective tissue, few fibers with internal nuclei, and some cases with fiber type grouping. CONCLUSION: Pathologic events, grouped in ascending order of frequency, were RRFs, SDH+ fibers, COX- fibers, and COMBO+ fibers. These data emphasize the importance of the COMBO technique in revealing occult COX deficiency in muscle fibers.

https://doi.org/10.5935/1676-2444.20180054 2418 downloads

11.

Molecular and serological detection of Leishmania spp. in horses from an endemic area for canine visceral leishmaniasis in southeastern Brazil
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Benassi, Julia C.

; Benvenga, Graziella U.

; Ferreira, Helena L.

; Soares, Rodrigo M.

; Silva, Diogo T.

; Pereira, Vanessa F.

; Ruiz, Vera Letticie A.

; Oliveira, Trícia Maria F. de S.

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira

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jun 2018, Volume 38 N. 6 Pages 1058 - 1063

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: O estudo objetivou verificar a ocorrência de Leishmania spp. e Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum em cavalos de uma região endêmica para leishmaniose visceral do Brasil. Amostras de DNA de sangue e suabe conjuntival (SC) foram testadas pela PCR e pela Reação de Imunofluorescência Indireta (RIFI). Embora nenhum cavalo estivesse clinicamente doente, animais infectados por Leishmania spp. e L. (L.) infantum foram encontrados em Ilha Solteira/SP. Dos 40 cavalos, 100% (40/40) foram positivos pela PCR de sangue, 90% (36/40) pela PCR de SC, e 2,5% (01/40) no sorodiagnóstico, pela RIFI. Seis desses 40 cavalos foram positivos para L. (L.) infantum pela PCR de sangue. O sequenciamento direto e a análise dos amplicons resultaram em uma sequência para análise evolutiva. Os resultados indicam a presença de Leishmania spp. e L. (L.) infantum infectando cavalos saudáveis no Brasil. A presença de DNA de Leishmania spp. and L. (L.) infantum em cavalos saudáveis sugere que eles podem ser importantes reservatórios desses parasitas, um achado altamente relevante para a vigilância epidemiológica das doenças que causam.

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to verify the occurrence of Leishmania spp. and Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum in horses from a visceral leishmaniasis endemic area in Brazil. DNA samples from blood and conjunctival swab (CS) were tested by PCR and Indirect Immunofluorescence Antibody Test (IFAT). Although none of the horses was clinically sick, animals infected by Leishmania spp. were found and some could be characterized as infected by L. (L.) infantum. From 40 horses, 100% of the animals were positive by blood PCR, 90% (36/40) by CS PCR, and 2.5% (01/40) in serodiagnosis, by IFAT. Six from these 40 horses were L. (L.) infantum positive by blood PCR. Direct sequencing and analysis of amplicons resulted in a sequence to evolutionary analysis. Results indicate the presence of Leishmania spp. and L. (L.) infantum infecting healthy horses in Brazil. The presence of Leishmania spp. and L. (L.) infantum DNA in asymptomatic horses suggests that they can be important reservoirs of these parasites, a highly relevant finding for the epidemiological surveillance of the diseases they cause.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-5214 1221 downloads

12.

Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage in childhoodonset systemic lupus erythematosus: a severe disease flare with serious outcome
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Blay, Gabriela

; Rodrigues, Joaquim C.

; Ferreira, Juliana C. O.

; Leal, Gabriela N.

; Gormezano, Natali W.

; Novak, Glaucia V.

; Pereira, Rosa M. R.

; Terreri, Maria T.

; Magalhães, Claudia S.

; Molinari, Beatriz C.

; Sakamoto, Ana P.

; Aikawa, Nadia E.

; Campos, Lucia M. A.

; Fernandes, Taciana A. P.

; Clemente, Gleice

; Peracchi, Octavio A. B.

; Bugni, Vanessa

; Marini, Roberto

; Sacchetti, Silvana B.

; Carvalho, Luciana M.

; Fraga, Melissa M.

; Castro, Tânia C. M.

; Ramos, Valéria C.

; Bonfá, Eloisa

; Silva, Clovis A.

Advances in Rheumatology

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2018, Volume 58 elocation 39

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Objective: To evaluate prevalence, clinical manifestations, laboratory abnormalities and treatment in a multicenter cohort study including 847 childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE) patients with and without diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH), as well as concomitant parameters of severity. Methods: DAH was defined as the presence of at least three respiratory symptoms/signs associated with diffuse interstitial/alveolar infiltrates on chest x-ray or high-resolution computer tomography and sudden drop in hemoglobin levels. Statistical analysis was performed using Bonferroni correction (p < 0.0022). Results: DAH was observed in 19/847 (2.2%) cSLE patients. Cough/dyspnea/tachycardia/hypoxemia occurred in all cSLE patients with DAH. Concomitant parameters of severity observed were: mechanical ventilation in 14/19 (74%), hemoptysis 12/19 (63%), macrophage activation syndrome 2/19 (10%) and death 9/19 (47%). Further analysis of cSLE patients at DAH diagnosis compared to 76 cSLE control patients without DAH with same disease duration [3 (1–151) vs. 4 (1–151) months, p = 0.335], showed higher frequencies of constitutional involvement (74% vs. 10%, p < 0.0001), serositis (63% vs. 6%, p < 0.0001) and sepsis (53% vs. 9%, p < 0.0001) in the DAH group. The median of disease activity score(SLEDAI-2 K) was significantly higher in cSLE patients with DAH [18 (5–40) vs. 6 (0–44), p < 0.0001]. The frequencies of thrombocytopenia (53% vs. 12%, p < 0.0001), intravenous methylprednisolone (95% vs. 16%, p < 0.0001) and intravenous cyclophosphamide (47% vs. 8%, p < 0.0001) were also significantly higher in DAH patients. Conclusions: This was the first study to demonstrate that DAH, although not a disease activity score descriptor, occurred in the context of significant moderate/severe cSLE flare. Importantly, we identified that this condition was associated with serious disease flare complicated by sepsis with high mortality rate.

https://doi.org/10.1186/s42358-018-0038-4 467 downloads

13.

Maytenus distichophylla and Salacia crassifolia: source of products with potential acetylcholinesterase inhibition
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Ferreira, Fernanda L.

; Rodrigues, Vanessa G.

; Silva, Fernando C.

; Matildes, Bibiane L.G.

; Takahashi, Jacqueline A.

; Silva, Gracia D.F.

; Duarte, Lucienir P.

; Oliveira, Djalma M.

; Filho, Sidney A.V.

Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia

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aug 2017, Volume 27 N. 4 Pages 471 - 474

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The phytochemical study of the extract leaves from Maytenus distichophylla Mart. and Salacia crassifolia (Mart. ex Schult.) G. Don, Celastraceae, resulted in the isolation of 3-oxofriedelane, 3β-hydroxyfriedelane, 3β,24-dihydroxyfriedelane, 3-oxo-28,29-dihydroxyfriedelane, two mixtures of pentacyclic triterpenes (α-amyrin with β-amyrin and 3β-stearyloxy-urs-12-ene with 3β-stearyloxy-olean-12-ene), 3β-palmityloxy-urs-12-ene, the steroid β-sitosterol and its glycosylated derivative β-glucosyl-β-sitosterol, tritriacontanoic acid and the natural polymer gutta percha. The chemical structures of these constituents were established by IR, 1H and 13C NMR spectral data. Crude extracts, the mixtures of triterpenes and the isolated constituents were subjected to in vitro acetylcholinesterase inhibitory evaluation. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitory effect was observed for crude chloroform extract leaves from M. distichophylla (100%) and S. crassifolia (97.93 ± 5.63%) and for the triterpenes 3β,24-dihydroxyfriedelane (99.05 ± 1.12%), 3-oxo-28,29-dihydroxyfriedelane (90.59 ± 3.76%) and 3β-palmityloxy-urs-12-ene (97.93 ± 1.47%). The percent inhibitions induced by these natural products were very similar to those produced by physostigmine (93.94 ± 2.10%) a standard acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. Therefore, these results open perspectives for the use of these species as source of compounds with similar physostigmine pharmacological effect.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjp.2016.12.006 447 downloads

14.

The role of the genetic elements bla oxa and IS Aba 1 in the Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-Acinetobacter baumannii complex in carbapenem resistance in the hospital setting
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Kobs, Vanessa Cristine

; Ferreira, Jéssica Augustini

; Bobrowicz, Thaís Alexandra

; Ferreira, Leslie Ecker

; Deglmann, Roseneide Campos

; Westphal, Glauco Adrieno

; França, Paulo Henrique Condeixa de

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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aug 2016, Volume 49 N. 4 Pages 433 - 440

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Members of the Acinetobacter genus are key pathogens that cause healthcare-associated infections, and they tend to spread and develop new antibiotic resistance mechanisms. Oxacillinases are primarily responsible for resistance to carbapenem antibiotics. Higher rates of carbapenem hydrolysis might be ascribed to insertion sequences, such as the ISAba1 sequence, near bla OXA genes. The present study examined the occurrence of the genetic elements bla OXA and ISAba1 and their relationship with susceptibility to carbapenems in clinical isolates of the Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-Acinetobacter baumannii complex. METHODS: Isolates identified over 6 consecutive years in a general hospital in Joinville, Southern Brazil, were evaluated. The investigation of 5 families of genes encoding oxacillinases and the ISAba1 sequence location relative to bla OXA genes was conducted using polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: All isolates presented the bla OXA-51-like gene (n = 78), and 91% tested positive for the bla OXA-23-like gene (n = 71). The presence of ISAba1 was exclusively detected in isolates carrying the bla OXA-23-like gene. All isolates in which ISAba1 was found upstream of the bla OXA-23-like gene (n = 69) showed resistance to carbapenems, whereas the only isolate in which ISAba1 was not located near the bla OXA-23-like gene was susceptible to carbapenems. The ISAba1 sequence position of another bla OXA-23-like-positive isolate was inconclusive. The isolates exclusively carrying the bla OXA-51-like gene (n = 7) showed susceptibility to carbapenems. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of the ISAba1 sequence upstream of the bla OXA-23-like gene was strongly associated with carbapenem resistance in isolates of the A. calcoaceticus-A. baumannii complex in the hospital center studied.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0002-2016 2290 downloads

15.

Structure, histochemistry and phytochemical profile of the bark of the sobol and aerial stem of Tontelea micrantha (Celastraceae - Hippocrateoideae)
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MERCADANTE-SIMÕES, MARIA OLÍVIA

; MAZZOTTINI-DOS-SANTOS, HELLEN C.

; NERY, LAYS A.

; FERREIRA, PERACIO R.B.

; RIBEIRO, LEONARDO M.

; ROYO, VANESSA A.

; OLIVEIRA, DARIO A. DE

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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sep 2014, Volume 86 N. 3 Pages 1167 - 1179

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Tontelea micrantha (Mart. Ex. Schult.) A. C. Sm. é uma espécie nativa do Cerrado brasileiro cuja casca do caule subterrâneo é utilizada como medicinal no tratamento de doenças renais. As estruturas dos caules subterrâneo e aéreo foram estudadas e suas cascas avaliadas para a presença de classes de metabólitos secundários. Fragmentos das cascas foram processados de acordo com metodologias usuais em anatomia vegetal e submetidos às análises fitoquímicas colorimétricas, cromatografia em camada delgada e identificação química por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência. O caule subterrâneo é um sóbole e apresenta atividade cambial não usual. Laticíferos que secretam terpenóides estavam presentes no córtex e floema de ambos os órgãos e podem contribuir para a identificação da espécie no campo. Drusas estão presentes em ambas as cascas, mas mono-cristais são observados apenas no sóbole. Taninos, flavonóides, alcalóides e terpenóides ocorrem em ambas as cascas, mas carotenóides são detectados apenas no sóbole. As semelhanças entre estes dois órgãos indicam que a casca do caule aéreo tem potencial para uso medicinal, representando uma alternativa plausível para o uso do sóbole, o que pode contribuir para a preservação de populações naturais da espécie.

The bark of the underground stem of Tontelea micrantha (Mart. ex. Schult.) A. C. Sm., a native Brazilian Cerrado species, is used in folk medicine for treating kidney ailments. The structures of the underground and the aerial stems were examined and their barks were analyzed for the presence of secondary metabolites. Bark fragments were processed according to conventional techniques in plant anatomy and their chemical compositions examined using histochemical and phytochemical tests, thin layer chromatography, and high-efficiency liquid chromatography. The underground stem is a sobol with unusual cambial activity. Laticifers that secrete terpenoids were present in the cortex and phloem of both organs and can contribute to the identification of the species in field. Druses were present in both barks, but mono-crystals were only observed in the sobol. Tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, and terpenoids occurred in both types of bark, but carotenoids were only detected in the sobol. The similarities between these two organs indicate that the aerial stem bark has potential medicinal use and represents a plausible alternative to harvesting the sobol, which could contribute to the preservation of natural populations of this species.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201420130105 14043 downloads

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