Abstract Introduction: the GA haplotype of polymorphisms rs1554483 and rs4864548 has been associated with components of the metabolic syndrome such as high blood pressure and triglyceride levels; its carriers have a risk of obesity, 1.5 times higher than the rest of the population. Methodology: SNP rs1554483 and rs4864548 were obtained from 2504 individuals from the “1000genomes phase 3” database. Data were grouped into five macro populations (Africa, East Asia, South Asia, Europe and Latin America) covering a total of 26 populations. Differences in haplotype frequency between macro populations and populations were analyzed, for which Fisher's F statistic was used. Results: the macro population of Africa presented the lowest frequency (17.9 %) and that of East Asia the highest (57.4 %). Within the populations there is a relative homogeneity in the frequencies, except in the case of those that make up the macro population of Latin America where the Peruvian population of Lima and the Puerto Rican population present much higher frequencies than the rest. Conclusions: the GA haplotype presents heterogeneity between macro populations, which suggests highly differentiated micro evolutionary processes between continents. We propose to study the association of the GA haplotype with other polymorphisms such as rs3749474, rs11932595 and rs6859524 that have also been associated with risk of obesity and factors associated with metabolic syndrome.

Resumen Introducción: el haplotipo GA de los polimorfismos rs1554483 y rs4864548 se ha asociado con componentes del síndrome metabólico como la hipertensión arterial y los niveles de triglicéridos. Sus portadores presentan un riesgo de obesidad 1,5 veces mayor que el resto de la población. Metodología: se obtuvieron los SNP rs1554483 y rs4864548 de 2504 individuos desde la base de datos “1000genomes phase 3”. Los datos se agruparon en cinco macropoblaciones (África, Asia Oriental, Asia Meridional, Europa y Latinoamérica) cubriendo un total de 26 poblaciones. Se analizaron las diferencias en la frecuencia del haplotipo entre las macropoblaciones y las poblaciones, para lo cual se utilizó el estadístico F de Fisher. Resultados: la macropoblación de África presentó la menor frecuencia (17,9 %) y la del Este de Asia la mayor (57,4 %). Dentro de las poblaciones existe una relativa homogeneidad en las frecuencias, excepto en el caso de las que componen la macropoblación de Latinoamérica, donde la población peruana de Lima y la puertorriqueña presentan frecuencias mucho mayores que el resto. Conclusiones: el haplotipo GA presenta heterogeneidad entre las macropoblaciones, lo que sugiere procesos microevolutivos altamente diferenciados entre los continentes. Se propone estudiar la asociación del haplotipo GA con otros polimorfismos, como rs3749474, rs11932595 y rs6859524, que también se han asociado con el riesgo de obesidad y factores asociados al síndrome metabólico.

ABSTRACT: The objective of this study is to determine the relationship between social determinants of health and the level of knowledge associated with oral hygiene habits among migrants in the V Region 2021, Chile. Descriptive, cross-sectional, non-probabilistic study by convenience with a previously validated survey and a sample of 101 subjects aged 18 to 35 years. The prevalence of social determinants was measured. After verifying the normality of the results, descriptive and inferential analysis was performed using Pearson and T-student statistics. The margin of error of the sample is 10 % and a confidence level of 95 %. Data collection on public roads, online form and active search in migrant meeting centers. Of the subjects surveyed, 29 % have incomplete primary education, 36 % have a monthly income of less than US$300. With respect to hygiene habits, only 27 % brushed after every meal, the remaining percentage brushed two or fewer times a day. It should be noted that 71 % have access to public health care and 20 % have no health protection. Eighty-six pairs of variables were related with inferential statistics. The results show an association in 12 of them, of which: level of education, income range and social security system are related with the following variables and pension system are related to hygiene habits and level of knowledge (bilateral asymptotic significance less than 0.05). Likewise, it is observed that those who are affiliated to a pension system have better habits and level of knowledge than those who are not, have better habits and level of knowledge than the population without coverage. The multifactorial characteristics related to the causes of migratory movement in Latin America promote diminished social determinants. Although there is scientific evidence that relates social determinants to the health status of an individual, the literature associated with the level of knowledge and hygiene habits is limited. From the results obtained, it is concluded that the particularities of the migrants in Chile are conducive to a lower quality of oral health, which should be discussed as a health policy at a national level.

RESUMEN: Se desconoce la relación entre determinantes sociales y nivel de conocimiento asociado a los hábitos de higiene oral que tiene la población inmigrante en la V región, Chile en el año 2021. El objetivo de este trabajo consistió en determinar la relación entre determinantes sociales en salud y nivel de conocimientos asociado a hábitos de higiene oral en inmigrantes de la V región 2021, Chile. Estudio descriptivo, transversal, No probabilístico por conveniencia con encuesta previamente validada y una muestra de 101 sujetos de 18 a 35 años. Se mide la prevalencia de los determinantes sociales. Después de verificar la normalidad de los resultados, se efectúa análisis descriptivo e inferencial mediante estadístico de Pearson y T-student. El Margen de error de la muestra es de 10 % y un nivel de confianza de 95 %. Técnica de recogida de datos en vía pública, formulario online y búsqueda activa en centros de reunión de migrantes. De los sujetos encuestados, un 29 % tiene estudios de nivel primario incompleto, un 36 % tiene un ingreso mensual menor a US$300. Respecto a los hábitos de higiene, solamente un 27 % se cepilla después de cada comida, el porcentaje restante se cepilla dos o menos veces al día. Destaca que un 71 % tiene acceso a la salud pública y un 20 % no tiene protección de salud. Se relacionaron 86 pares de variables con estadística inferencial. Los resultados demuestran asociación en 12 de ellas, de las cuales: Nivel de educación, rango de ingresos y sistema previsional se relacionan con los hábitos de higiene y nivel de conocimiento (significancia asintótica bilateral menor a 0.05). De igual manera, se observa que aquellos que están adscritos a un sistema previsional, tienen mejores hábitos y nivel de conocimiento que la población sin cobertura. Las características multifactoriales relacionadas a las causas del movimiento migratorio en Latinoamérica, promueven determinantes sociales disminuidos. Si bien, existe evidencia científica que relaciona los determinantes sociales con el estado de salud de un individuo, la literatura asociada al nivel de conocimientos y hábitos de higiene es escasa. A partir de los resultados obtenidos, se concluye que las particularidades del inmigrante en Chile son propicias para una salud oral menguada en calidad, por lo que debiese ser discutida como política sanitaria a nivel país.

Introdução: As políticas públicas são essenciais para reduzir a morbimortalidade infantil. Este estudo descreve a evolução das políticas relacionadas à atenção à criança no âmbito da Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) no Brasil, implementadas desde a criação do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Metodologia: Revisão narrativa da literatura com base nos principais marcos regulatórios com influência direta ou indireta na Atenção à Saúde da Criança (ACS) na APS, publicados entre 1990 e 2017. Resultados: Foram analisados ​​31 documentos oficiais, organizados em uma linha do tempo e classificados em três categorias: I) Normas do SUS e da APS; II) diretrizes para os serviços de saúde materno-infantil no âmbito da APS; e, III) políticas intersetoriais. Conclusão:A evolução das políticas de CSC no Brasil é marcada por uma série de conquistas em prol da ampliação dos direitos sociais e da garantia do direito à saúde que ampliou o acesso aos serviços de saúde e contribuiu para a melhoria das condições de vida e de vida das crianças. No entanto, as desigualdades sociais e os desafios no acesso e qualidade da atenção na APS são persistentes, com retrocessos causados ​​pela implementação de medidas de austeridade desde 2016.

Introdução: Políticas públicas são fundamentais para a redução da morbimortalidade na infância. O presente estudo descreve uma evolução política relacionada à Atenção Primária à Saúde da Criança no âmbito da Atenção Primária Saúde (APS) no Brasil, desde a criação do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Metodologia: Revisão narrativa da literatura com base nos principais marcos normativos com influência na Atenção à Saúde da Criança no âmbito da APS, publicados entre 1990 e 2017. Resultados: Foram analisados 31 documentos oficiais, distribuídos numa linha do tempo, classificados em: I) normatização do SUS e da APS; II) orientação aos serviços de saúde materno-infantil no âmbito da APS e III) políticas intersetoriais. Conclusão: A evolução das políticas pensadas no Brasil está marcada para serviços e como soluções da série de direitos sociais e como possibilidades de vistas da vida. Porém, além das desigualdades sociais, desafios no acesso e na qualidade do cuidado na APS se fazem persistentes, com retrocessos são persistentes agravados com a capacidade de trabalhar1 em medidas de austeridade curso desde 206.

Resumen: Introducción: El slope tibial (inclinación) se ha identificado como uno de los factores asociados a la falla del injerto tras una reconstrucción de ligamento cruzado anterior (LCA); sin embargo, su relación con los resultados funcionales ha sido poco estudiada. El objetivo de este estudio es determinar el efecto del slope tibial en la recuperación funcional, en pacientes sometidos a reconstrucción de LCA. Material y métodos: Se incluyeron los pacientes con lesión de LCA sometidos a reconstrucción primaria, de Mayo de 2018 a Mayo de 2019, midiendo el slope tibial y recabando los puntajes de IKDC y Lysholm. Se elaboró un análisis descriptivo de primera intención y para alcanzar los objetivos se realizó una comparativa de 25 pacientes con slope tibial normal seleccionados aleatoriamente contra 25 pacientes con slope tibial aumentado. Resultados: Se incluyeron 98 pacientes, 73 contaban con un slope tibial normal y 25 con un slope tibial aumentado. Los puntajes de IKDC y Lysholm al final del seguimiento fueron mejores en los pacientes con slope tibial normal. La falla del injerto sólo se identificó en el grupo con slope tibial aumentado. Por otro lado, al análisis comparativo con el grupo control demostró un mejor resultado funcional al final del seguimiento valorado por IKDC en el grupo con slope tibial normal. Conclusión: Los pacientes sometidos a reconstrucción de LCA y slope tibial aumentado tienen un resultado funcional inferior al año de seguimiento evaluado por IKDC en comparación con pacientes con slope tibial dentro de parámetros normales.

Abstract: Introduction: The tibial slope has been identified as one of the factors associated with graft failure after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction; however, its relationship with functional results has been little studied. The main purpose of this study is to determine the effect of the tibial slope on functional recovery in patients undergoing reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament. Material and methods: We included patients with a diagnosis of anterior cruciate ligament injury undergoing primary reconstruction, from May 2018 to May 2019, who had a complete radiographic and clinical record; also, the scores from questionnaires of the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) and Lysholm scores were collected pre surgical procedures and throughout the one-year follow-up. The measurement of the tibial slope was performed in lateral knee X-rays from the electronic clinical record. A descriptive analysis of first intention was done, and to achieve the objectives, we compared 25 patients who had normal tibial slope that were selected randomly with 25 patients who had increased tibial slope. Results: A total of 98 patients were included, 73 had a normal tibial slope (equal to or less than 12 degrees) and 25 with an increased tibial slope (greater than 12 degrees), the average age in both groups was 28.43 years for the group with normal tibial slope and 28.26 for patients with increased tibial slope. Regarding the functional assessment, the IKDC and Lysholm scores at the end of the follow-up were better for patients with normal tibial slope. Graft failure was only identified in the group with increased tibial slope. On the other hand, the comparative analysis with the control group randomly selected who had normal tibial slope, showed a better functional result assessed by IKDC score at the end of the follow-up for the group with normal tibial slope. Conclusion: Patients undergoing ACL reconstruction and increased Tibial Slope have an inferior functional result at one year of follow-up assessed by IKDC, when compared with patients with normal tibial slope.

Abstract: COVID-19 rapidly spread across the world in an unprecedented outbreak with a massive number of infected and fatalities. The pandemic was heavily discussed and searched on the internet, which generated big amounts of data related to it. This led to the possibility of attempting to forecast coronavirus indicators using the internet data. For this study, Google Trends statistics for 124 selected search terms related to pandemic were used in an attempt to find which keywords had the best Spearman correlations with a lag, as well as a forecasting model. It was found that keywords related to coronavirus testing among some others, such as “I have contracted covid”, had high correlations (≥0.7) with few weeks of lag (≤4 weeks). Besides that, the ARIMAX model using those keywords had promising results in predicting the increase or decrease of epidemiological indicators, although it was not able to predict their exact values. Thus, we found that Google Trends data may be useful for predicting outbreaks of coronavirus a few weeks before they happen, and may be used as an auxiliary tool in monitoring and forecasting the disease in Brazil.

Resumen El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar la eficacia docente en la cultura organizativa de las escuelas y la comunidad profesional de aprendizaje. La investigación fue de carácter cuantitativo, con una muestra constituida por muestreo aleatorio simple de 359 profesores que trabajaban en escuelas de nivel inicial, básico y general unificado de las ciudades de Cuenca y Azogues, Ecuador. Se aplicó como instrumentos cuatro cuestionarios tipo Likert de cinco opciones de respuesta, con el método de análisis de prueba t, F y Sheffe. Mediante el análisis de correlación y regresión múltiple, los resultados indicaron que los maestros responden a la organización de la escuela, según sus características personales. La cultura organizativa de la escuela se está transformando gradualmente, en una cultura positiva e ideal. La comunidad profesional de aprendizaje tuvo un efecto positivo en la eficacia de los maestros. Como conclusión, la cultura organizativa de la escuela y la comunidad profesional de aprendizaje debe ir más allá de la dimensión interactiva y pasar a la dimensión de la integración como elementos de la mejora de la escuela para obtener una mayor eficacia pedagógica.

Resumo O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar a eficácia docente na cultura organizacional das escolas e na comunidade profissional de aprendizagem. A pesquisa foi de caráter quantitativo, com um exemplar constituído de amostragens aleatórias simples de 359 professores que trabalhavam em escolas de nível inicial, básico e geral unificado das cidades de Cuenca e Azogues, no Equador. Foram aplicados, como instrumento, quatro questionários tipo Likert de cinco opções de resposta com o método de análise de teste t, F e Sheffe. Por meio da análise de correlação e regressão múltipla, os resultados indicaram que os professores respondem à organização da escola, segundo suas características pessoais. A cultura organizacional da escola está se transformando gradativamente em uma cultura positiva e ideal. A comunidade profissional de aprendizagem teve um efeito positivo na eficácia dos professores. Em conclusão, a cultura organizacional da escola e a comunidade profissional de aprendizagem deve ir além da dimensão interativa e passar à dimensão da integração como elementos de melhoria da escola para obter uma maior eficácia pedagógica.

Abstract The objective of this study was to analyze teacher effectiveness in the organizational culture of schools and the professional learning community. This was a quantitative research, with a simple random sample of 359 elementary teachers at the initial, basic, and general unified level in the cities of Cuenca and Azogues, Ecuador. Four Likert-type questionnaires of five answer options were applied as instruments, with the t, F, and Scheffé test analysis method. Using correlation and multiple regression analysis, results indicated that teachers respond to school organization according to their personal characteristics. The school organizational culture is gradually being transformed into a positive and ideal culture. The professional learning community had a positive effect on teachers' effectiveness. In conclusion, the organizational culture of the school and the professional learning community should go beyond the interactive dimension and move towards the integration dimension to improve the school in order to obtain greater pedagogical effectiveness.

Resumen La evaluación precisa de la biomasa de árboles es necesaria para estimar los almacenes de carbono y entender la contribución de los ecosistemas de bosques en la regulación de las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero. El objetivo de este estudio fue desarrollar una ecuación alométrica para predecir la biomasa del fuste (Bf) para Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco, en la región de Arteaga Coahuila, en el noreste de México. El diámetro normal (Dn), la altura al punto directriz (Hp) y la altura total (Ht) fueron medidos con el Criterion RD1000®. El volumen del fuste (Sv) fue obtenido con la ecuación de Pressler y después fue trasformado a biomasa mediante la densidad básica de la madera. Los datos se ajustaron con el modelo potencial Ŷ = aXb en su forma logarítmica, donde Ŷ es Sb y X el Dn evaluando los supuestos de normalidad, homocedasticidad y no autocorrelación. Un total de 110 árboles de esta especie fueron muestreados. La ecuación l n ( B f ^ )= −2.8732 (± 0.238) + 2.4237 (± 0.066) × ln(Dn) cumplió todos los supuestos de los modelos lineales (valor de P > 0.05), lo que asegura que la predicción de biomasa de fuste sea confiable. El diámetro normal explicó el 98 % de la biomasa del fuste de P. menziesii. El sesgo en la predicción de biomasa del fuste debido a la trasformación logarítmica debe corregirse multiplicándola por un factor de corrección de 1.018. La estimación indirecta de volumen a través del método de Pressler es una forma eficiente, de bajo costo y no destructiva para generar un modelo alométrico de biomasa de fuste.

Summary Accurate assessment of tree biomass is necessary to estimate carbon stocks and understand the contribution of forest ecosystems in regulating greenhouse gas emissions. The objective of this study was to develop an allometric equation to predict stem biomass (Bf) for Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco, in the Arteaga Coahuila region, in northeastern Mexico. The normal diameter (Dn), leader point height (Hp) and total height (Ht) were measured by using Criterion RD1000®. The stem volume (Sv) was obtained by applying the Pressler equation, and then it was transformed into biomass using the basic density of the wood. The data were adjusted through the potential model Ŷ = aXb in its logarithmic form, where Ŷ is Sb and X the Dn, assessing the assumptions of normality, homoscedasticity and no autocorrelation. A total of 110 sample trees of this species were sampled. The equation l n ( B f ^ )= −2.8732 (± 0.238) + 2.4237 (± 0.066) × ln(Dn) fulfilled all the assumptions of lineal models (P- value > 0.05), ensuring that the stem biomass prediction is reliable. Normal diameter explained 98 % of the stem biomass of P. menziesii. The bias in the stem biomass prediction due to the logarithmic transformation must be corrected by multiplying it by a correction factor of 1.018. Indirect volume estimation by the Pressler method is an efficient, low-cost and non-destructive approach to generate an allometric model of stem biomass.

ABSTRACT: In the present study, the Population structure and genetic diversity of 104 Yucatan black hairless pigs (YBH) and 8 Duroc breeds were by using an SNP50K chip characterized. The population structure was obtained, as well as the calculation of Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Minor Allele Frequency (MAF), observed heterozygosity (oH), consanguinity (F), Fixation index of individuals within subpopulations (Fis), the t (outcrossing rate or alogamia index) was made, also the association analysis to identify SNP with population differences. The genetic component of Duroc in YBH subpopulations is low, from 0.00363 to 0.03532, THUS, IT WAS OBSERVED (appreciating) a subpopulation with greater genetic diversity and lower values of F and Fis, as well as higher oH and t. SNPs were identified (p<1.213E-50 to p< 6.4E-20), associated with genes and biological processes. Genes EHF, DST, PDE8A, FOXA1 and VCL are related to epithelial cell differentiation, morphogenesis, and development of epithelium. Other 30 SNPs are to nutrient metabolism related, 23 SNPs to nutrient transport, 11 SNPs to immunity, 10 SNPs to muscle, skeletal and embryonic, and 7 SNPs to synapses and receptors. YBH is distant from Duroc with different population structure and genetic diversity with different genes that involve important biological processes.

RESUMEN: La estructura poblacional y diversidad genética de 104 cerdos negros lampiños de Yucatán (NLY) y ocho de raza Duroc fueron caracterizados usando un chip SNP50K. Se obtuvo la estructura poblacional, se calculó un análisis de componentes principales (ACP), menor alelo frecuencia (MAF), Heterocigosidad observada (Ho), Consanguinidad (F), Índice de Fijación de individuos en subpoblaciones (Fis), índice de alogamia (t) y análisis de asociación para identificar SNP diferentes entre poblaciones. Según el análisis Admixture la población NLY se estructura en tres subpoblaciones. El componente genético de Duroc en subpoblaciones NLY es bajo de 0.0036 a 0.0353, apreciándose una subpoblación con mayor diversidad genética, con valores más bajos de F, Fis y mayor Ho y t. Se identificaron SNP (p<1.21E-50 a p< 6.4E-20), asociados con genes y procesos biológicos. Genes EHF, DST, PDE8A, FOXA1 y VCL relacionados con la diferenciación de células epiteliales, la morfogénesis y desarrollo del epitelio. Otros 30 SNPs relacionados con el metabolismo de nutrientes, 23 SNPs en transporte de nutrientes, 11 SNPs a inmunidad, 10 SNPs a músculo, esqueleto y embrionario, y siete SNPs a sinapsis y receptores. NLY está distante de Duroc con diferente estructura poblacional y diversidad genética, con diferentes genes que implican procesos biológicos importantes.

Resumen: Introducción: Hallux valgus (HV) es una patología compleja del antepié, recientemente se ha mostrado interés en el componente rotacional (CR) distal del primer metatarsiano por su relación con recidivas postquirúrgicas de la deformidad. La selección de la técnica quirúrgica es controversial con escasa literatura acerca de la corrección de rotación con osteotomías comunes. Nuestro objetivo es evaluar características radiológicas prequirúrgicas y postquirúrgicas respecto a CR del primer metatarsiano en la cirugía de corrección de HV moderado a severo usando osteotomía de Chevron largo. Material y métodos: Estudio observacional, prospectivo y comparativo en el que se evaluó el CR del primer metatarsiano en nueve pies pertenecientes a seis pacientes con una edad media de 45 años. El CR fue evaluado con base en la metáfisis proximal del primer metatarsiano en fluoroscopías axiales sin carga y AP de pie. Las mediciones se realizaron por un residente de ortopedia y traumatología y un subespecialista en cirugía de pie y Tobillo. Resultados: Se documentaron diferencias significativas (p = 0.05) en el ángulo de pronación prequirúrgico y postquirúrgico al utilizar osteotomía de Chevron largo. El resultado funcional de los pacientes evaluados fue excelente a 11 meses de seguimiento. Conclusiones: Radiológicamente, la corrección rotacional es variable y previamente no se ha reportado en la literatura con esta osteotomía. Se establecen bases morfológicas para la realización de estudios posteriores en la evaluación de rotación de cabeza del primer metatarsiano con diferentes osteotomías.

Abstract: Introduction. Hallux valgus (HV) is a complex forefoot pathology, in which interest has recently been shown in the distal rotational component (CR) of the first metatarsal due to its relationship with postsurgical relapses of the deformity. The selection of surgical technique is controversial with little current literature on the correction of rotation with common osteotomies. The aim of this study is to evaluate preoperative and postoperative radiological characteristics regarding CR of the first metatarsal using long Chevron osteotomy for moderate to severe HV. Material and methods: An observational, prospective and comparative study was carried out in which the CR of the first metatarsal was evaluated in nine feet belonging to six patients with a mean age of 45 years. The RC was evaluated based on the proximal metaphysis of the first metatarsal in axial fluoroscopies of unloaded metatarsals and standing AP. Measurements were performed by an Orthopedic and Traumatology resident and a Foot and Ankle Surgery subspecialist. Results: Significant differences (p = 0.05) were documented in the preoperative and postoperative pronation angle when using long Chevron osteotomy. The functional result of the evaluated patients was excellent at 11 months of follow-up. Conclusions: Radiologically, the rotational correction is variable and has not previously been reported in the literature with this osteotomy. We establishes the morphological bases for the performance of subsequent studies in the evaluation of head rotation of the 1st metatarsal with different osteotomies.

ABSTRACT The aim of this research was to analyze the psychometric properties proposed by Rodríguez- Villalobos, Viciana, Tristán and Blanco for the Barriers for the Practice of Physical Activity Scale (ABPEF-M) in university athletes. The total sample has been composed by 413 Mexican university athletes, 174 women and 239 men; participants' age ranged from 18-26 years (M = 20.76, SD = 2.06). The factor structure of the questionnaire was analyzed through confirmatory factor analysis. The analysis showed a viable and adequate tetrafactorial structure (body image, fatigue, obligations, and environment) for the total sample (GFI = .951; RMSEA = .071; CFI = .972) and the populations of men (GFI = .944; RMSEA = .067) and women (GFI = .917; RMSEA = .081). The four factor structure, according to statistical and substantive criteria, showed adequate indicators of reliability and validity adjustment. On the other hand, the factorial structure, factorial loads and the intercepts are considered invariant by gender; however, no differences were found between male and female athletes with regards to their perception of the presence of barriers in the four dimensions studied.

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi examinar a estructura e invariância de gênero Auto-relato de Barreiras à Prática de Exercício Físico (ABPEF-M) proposto por Rodríguez- Villalobos, Viciana, Tristán e Blanco em atletas universitários mexicanos. A amostra total foi de 413 atletas mexicanos universitários, 174 mulheres e 239 homens, com idades entre 18-26 anos (M = 20.76; DP = 2.06). A estrutura fatorial do questionário foi analisada por análises fatoriais confirmatórias. Os resultados mostraram que uma estrutura de quatro fatores (imagem corporal/ ansiedade social físico, fadiga/ preguiça, obrigações/ falta de tempo, e meio ambiente/ instalações) é viável e adequado tanto para a amostra total (GFI = .951; RMSEA = .071; CFI = .972) e para as populações de homens (GFI = .944; RMSEA = .067) e mulheres (GFI = .917; RMSEA = .081). Com base em critérios estatísticos e substantivos, a estrutura de quatro fatores mostrou adequada confiabilidade e validade dos indicadores de ajuste. Além disso, a estrutura fatorial, as cargas fatoriais e os interceptos eram invariantes de acordo com o gênero. Não foram encontradas diferenças entre atletas homens e mulheres na sua percepção da presença de barreiras nas quatro dimensões estudadas.

RESUMEN El presente estudio analiza las propiedades psicométricas propuestos por Rodríguez-Villalobos, Viciana, Tristán y Blanco para el Autoinforme de Barreras para la Práctica de Ejercicio Físico (ABPEF-M) en hombres y mujeres deportistas universitarios. La muestra total fue de 413 universitarios mexicanos deportistas 174 mujeres y 239 hombres, con edades comprendidas entre 18-26 años (M = 20.76; DE = 2.06). La estructura factorial del cuestionario se analizó mediante análisis factoriales confirmatorios. Los análisis, muestran que una estructura tetrafactorial (imagen corporal, fatiga, obligaciones y ambiente) es viable y adecuada tanto para la muestra total (GFI = .951; RMSEA = .071; CFI = .972) como para las poblaciones de hombres (GFI = .944; RMSEA = .067) y mujeres (GFI = .917; RMSEA = .081). La estructura de cuatro factores, atendiendo a criterios estadísticos y sustantivos, ha mostrado adecuados indicadores de ajuste de fiabilidad y validez. Además, la estructura factorial, las cargas factoriales y los interceptos se consideran invariantes de acuerdo al género; sin embargo, no se encontraron diferencias entre hombres y mujeres deportistas en cuanto su percepción sobre la presencia de barreras en las cuatro dimensiones estudiadas.

Abstract We present our experimental setup to produce ultracold strongly correlated fermionic superfluids made of a two-component spin-mixture of 6Li atoms. Employing standard cooling techniques, we achieve quantum degeneracy in a single-beam optical dipole trap. Our setup is capable of generating spin-balanced samples at temperatures as low as T/T F = 0.1 containing up to 5 x 104 atomic pairs. We can access different superfluid regimes by tuning the interparticle interactions close to a broad magnetic Feshbach resonance. In particular, we are able to explore the crossover from the molecular Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) to the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) superfluid regimes.

Resumo Euterpe edulis, uma palmeira ameaçada de extinção da Mata Atlântica, tem importância ecológica e econômica pelo uso da polpa dos frutos. A identificação de matrizes geneticamente divergentes nas populações é útil para a conservação e o melhoramento da espécie. Neste trabalho, objetivou-se estimar a diversidade genética de plantas divergentes morfologicamente que possam ser utilizadas como matrizes, e de suas famílias de progênies em uma área manejada e em áreas de populações naturais da espécie no estado do Espírito Santo. Foram avaliadas 21 matrizes, das quais 13 obtidas em área manejada para a exploração sustentável dos frutos (anteriormente avaliadas quanto a caracteres de frutos) e oito oriundas de populações naturais no estado do Espírito Santo. Para cada matriz avaliou-se 10 progênies, constituindo 21 famílias. A partir de genotipagem por marcadores microssatélites, a caracterização das plantas matrizes e suas progênies foi realizada pelas heterozigosidades observada (Ho) e esperada (He) e o índice de endogamia (f), bem como a análise de variância molecular das plantas oriundas dos diferentes locais de coleta. As matrizes da área de cultivo manejada de Rio Novo do Sul apresentaram maiores Ho e He e menor f, indicando maior diversidade. Menores Ho (0,36) e He (0,41) e maior f (0,15) foram observados para as matrizes de Pinheiros, indicando menor diversidade e maior endogamia. A análise da variância entre os locais de coleta das matrizes revelou maior variação genética intrapopulacional que interpopulacional. As matrizes coletadas em populações naturais, Linhares e, especialmente, de Pinheiros, apresentam menor diversidade genética. Na área manejada, os indivíduos apresentaram maior diversidade para as matrizes e suas progênies, indicando potencial para a conservação e uso sustentável do recurso genético nesta área. As matrizes indicadas para cruzamento, com possibilidade de gerar descendentes com maior desempenho morfológico para frutos e alta diversidade foram RNS_154 e RNS_76.

Abstract Euterpe edulis, an endangered palm tree from the Atlantic Forest, has ecological and economic importance through the use of fruit pulp. Identifying genetically divergent matrices in populations is useful for species conservation and breeding. The present study aimed to estimate the genetic diversity of morphologically divergent plants that may be used as stock specimens as well as that of their progeny families, in a managed area and in areas of natural populations of the species in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil. Twenty-one matrices were evaluated, of which 13 were obtained from areas managed for the sustainable exploitation of fruits (previously evaluated for fruit traits) and eight from natural populations in the state of Espírito Santo. For each matrix, 10 progenies were evaluated, constituting 21 families. From microsatellite marker genotyping, the characterization of the parent plants and their progenies was performed by the observed (Ho) and expected (He) heterozygosities and the inbreeding index (f), as well as the molecular variance analysis of the plants from the different plants. The matrices of the managed area of Rio Novo do Sul presented higher Ho and He, and lower f, indicating greater diversity. Lower Ho (0.36) and He(0.41) and higher f (0.15) were observed for Pinheiros matrices, indicating lower diversity and inbreeding. Analysis of variance between the collection sites of the matrices revealed greater intrapopulation than interpopulation genetic variation. The matrices collected from natural populations, Linhares and, especially, from Pinheiros, present less genetic diversity. In the managed area, the individuals presented greater diversity for the matrices and their progenies, indicating potential for the conservation and sustainable use of the genetic resource in this area. The matrices indicated for breeding, with the possibility of generating descendants with higher morphological performance for fruits and high diversity were RNS_154 and RNS_76.

Summary: Nowadays, agricultural research has not been only focused on studying the effect of different treatments on plant development and yield, but it has also been involved on study their effect on the postharvest quality of products. This study was conducted to determine the treatment effect based on plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (Azotobacter chroococcum), alone or combined with different oligosaccharins of pectic origin (Pectimorf®) or derivatives of chitosan (Quitomax®), on the postharvest quality of zucchini fruits (Cucurbita pepo L.) var. 'Grey Zucchini'. Physical characteristics (polar and equatorial diameter, weight, dry biomass, firmness, and color) and chemical characteristics (pH, total soluble solids, treatable acidity and vitamin C), proteins, antioxidant enzymatic activities (superoxide dismutase, catalase and total peroxidase), polyphenol oxidase activity, and antioxidant content (phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity) were evaluated. Results showed significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) between control and treatments in most of the parameters evaluated, such as: color, length (up to 15.88%), width (up to 16.25%), weight (up to 57.31%), dry biomass (up to 34.43%), pH (down to 9.72%), vitamin C (up to 162.6%) and protein content (up to 22.38%), and total antioxidant capacity (down to 18.72%). Therefore, plant treatments improved the quality and composition of postharvest fruits, which accentuates the importance of organic treatments during the development of plants to obtain fruits with better organoleptic characteristics.

Resumen: Las investigaciones orientadas a la agricultura sustentable en años recientes, además de estudiar el efecto de diferentes tratamientos en el desarrollo de las plantas y su rendimiento, involucran también el efecto en la calidad de los productos poscosecha. En el presente estudio se determinó el efecto de la aplicación de tratamientos a base de organismos promotores de crecimiento (Azotobacter chroococcum), solos o combinados con diferentes oligosacarinas de origen péctico (Pectimorf®) o derivados de quitosano (Quitomax®), sobre la calidad poscosecha de frutos de calabacita (Cucurbita pepo L.) var. 'Grey Zucchini'. Se evaluaron características físicas (diámetro polar y ecuatorial, peso, biomasa seca, f irmeza y color), químicas (pH, sólidos solubles totales, acidez titulable y vitamina C), proteínas, actividad enzimática antioxidante (superóxido dismutasa, catalasa y peroxidasas totales), la actividad de polifenol oxidasa y el contenido antioxidante (compuestos fenólicos y capacidad antioxidante). Los resultados indicaron diferencias significativas (P ≤ 0.05) entre el control y los tratamientos en la mayoría de las variables evaluadas, incluyendo color, longitud (aumento de hasta el 15.88%) y ancho (aumento de hasta el 16.25%) del fruto, peso (aumento hasta de 57.31%), biomasa seca (aumento hasta 34.43%), pH (disminución hasta 9.72%), contenido de vitamina C (aumento hasta 162.6%), proteínas (aumento hasta 22.38%) y capacidad antioxidante total (disminución de hasta el 18.72%). Por lo anterior, la aplicación de tratamientos durante el desarrollo de las plantas modifica la calidad y composición de los frutos poscosecha, lo que acentúa la importancia de los tratamientos orgánicos en el desarrollo de las plantas para la obtención de frutos con mejores características organolépticas.