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BACKGROUND Chikungunya is a mosquito-borne virus that has been causing large outbreaks in the Americas since 2014. In Brazil, Asian-Caribbean (AC) and East-Central-South-African (ECSA) genotypes have been detected and lead to large outbreaks in several Brazilian states. In Rio Grande do Sul (RS), the southernmost state of Brazil, the first cases were reported in 2016. OBJECTIVES AND METHODS We employed genome sequencing and epidemiological investigation to characterise the Chikungunya fever (CHIKF) burden in RS between 2017-2021. FINDINGS We detected an increasing CHIKF burden linked to travel associated introductions and communitary transmission of distinct lineages of the ECSA genotype during this period. MAIN CONCLUSIONS Until 2020, CHIKV introductions were most travel associated and transmission was limited. Then, in 2021, the largest outbreak occurred in the state associated with the introduction of a new ECSA lineage. CHIKV outbreaks are likely to occur in the near future due to abundant competent vectors and a susceptible population, exposing more than 11 million inhabitants to an increasing infection risk.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760220259

Bleaching gel volume influences hydrogen peroxide diffusion, inflammation, and the presence of nitric oxide in the pulp tissue: in vitro and in vivo model
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ALCÂNTARA, Sibele de

; BENETTI, Francine

; SILVA, Lívia Maria Alves Valentim da

; MACHADO, Nathália Evelyn da Silva

; SILVA, Isabela Joane Prado

; ESTEVES, Lara Maria Bueno

; ERVOLINO, Edilson

; CINTRA, Luciano Tavares Angelo

; BRISO, André Luiz Fraga

Journal of Applied Oral Science

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2023, Volume 31 elocation e20230265

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Objective To assess whether bleaching gel volume influences chromatic changes, hydrogen peroxide (HP) diffusion, inflammation, and oxidative stress in the pulp tissue. Methodology A total of 60 bovine teeth were divided into four groups, according to bleaching gel volume (n=15): without gel (WG); V30 (30 µL of 35% HP); V60 (60 µL); and V120 (120 μL). HP diffusion analysis was performed in the first session (T1). Chromatic changes (ΔE, ΔE00, and WID) were assessed after the first (T1), second (T2), third (T3) sessions, and 15 d (T4) after the end of treatment. Moreover, 20 rats were randomly divided into four groups (n=10) and their upper first molars were treated with different gel volumes: control (no treatment); V2 (2 μL of 17.5% HP); V4 (4 μL); and V8 (8 μL). After 24 h, rats were euthanized and the specimens processed for histological and immunohistochemical (nitric oxide synthase) evaluation. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests (p<0.05). Results In vitro (bovine teeth), chromatic changes were not influenced by bleaching gel volume, showing similar values in all groups and sessions, except for the control group (p<0.05). The V120 group had the highest HP diffusion values (p<0.05). In vivo (pulp tissue), the V4 and V8 groups showed the highest inflammatory infiltrate in the pulp and significant oxidative stress (p<0.05). Conclusion The adverse effects on the dental pulp related to HP diffusion, pulp inflammation, and oxidative stress depend on bleaching gel volume, while the bleaching effect is not proportional to the volume used.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-7757-2023-0265

A avaliação educacional na produção científica vista por meio de análise de redes sociais
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d’Escoffier, Luiz Ney

; Oliveira, Camila Cristina Gomes Ferreira de

; Lima, Lívia da Fraga

; Chrispino, Alvaro

Ensaio: Avaliação e Políticas Públicas em Educação

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jun 2022, Volume 30 N. 115 Pages 285 - 311

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Resumo Esse trabalho busca conhecer como a avaliação educacional vem sendo retratada nas produções científicas brasileiras. Por meio da análise bibliométrica e de redes, registramos, ao longo de 19 anos (1998-2017), 49 revistas, 174 artigos, 440 autores, 290 palavras-chave e 4.283 referências. Desses dados, notamos que a maioria dos debates se caracteriza pelo enfoque no nível superior, pela autoria filiada a instituições públicas, assim como por tecer abordagens mais centradas nas validações de testes do que na qualidade da Educação. Dos resultados, destacam-se a USP como a instituição com maior número de publicações; o periódico “Ensaio: Avaliação e Políticas Públicas em Educação”, por concentrar o maior número de publicações na área de Educação e o autor Wagner Andriola, da UFC, como o pesquisador mais referenciado. Essas e outras decorrências da pesquisa apontam para a necessidade de intensificarmos estudos no campo da avaliação da Educação, a fim de melhor conhecermos nossas fragilidades para, então, propormos correção de rotas e redefinirmos metas.

Abstract This work seeks to understand how the educational assessment has been portrayed in the Brazilian scientific productions. Through bibliometric and network analysis, we register, over 19 years, 49 journals, 174 articles, 440 authors, 290 keywords and 4.283 references. From these data, we realized that most debates are characterized by the focus on higher education, by the authorship affiliated to public institutions, as well as by weaving approaches more focused on the validation of tests than on the quality of education. The results conclude that USP stands out as the institution with the largest number of publications, that the journal “Ensaio: Avaliação e Políticas Públicas em Educação” concentrates the largest number of publications in the area of Education and that the author Wagner Andriola from UFC is the most referenced researcher. These and other results of the research indicate the need to intensify studies in the field of Education assessment in order to better understand our weaknesses and then propose to correct routes and redefine goals.

Resumen Este trabajo busca comprender cómo se ha retratado la evaluación educativa en las producciones científicas brasileñas. Mediante análisis bibliométrico y de redes, registramos más de 19 años (1998-2017), 49 revistas, 174 artículos, 440 autores, 290 palabras clave y 4.283 referencias. A partir de estos datos, notamos que la mayoría de los debates se caracterizan por un enfoque en la educación superior, por la autoría afiliada a instituciones públicas, así como por tejer enfoques que están más centrados en la validación de pruebas que en la calidad de la Educación. De los resultados, USP se destaca como la institución con el mayor número de publicaciones; la revista “Ensayo: Evaluación y Políticas Públicas en Educación” por concentrar el mayor número de publicaciones en el área de Educación y el autor Wagner Andriola, de UFC, como el investigador más referenciado. Estos y otros resultados de la investigación apuntan a la necesidad de intensificar los estudios en el campo de la evaluación de la Educación, con el fin de comprender mejor nuestras debilidades, de modo que podamos proponer correcciones de rutas y redefinir metas.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s0104-403620210002903135

Serological and molecular characterization of hepatitis B virus infection in chronic kidney disease patients from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Villar, Livia Melo

; Fraga, Ketlyn Araujo

; Mendonça, Ana Carolina da Fonseca

; Miguel, Juliana Custódio

; Silva, Elisangela Ferreira da

; Barbosa, Jakeline Ribeiro

; Sousa, Paulo Sérgio Fonseca de

; Lewis-Ximenez, Lia Laura

; Mello, Francisco Campello do Amaral

Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases

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2022, Volume 26 N. 3 elocation 102371

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) are more vulnerable to blood-borne viral infections due to frequent invasive procedures. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in this cohort of patients has been a matter of concern worldwide. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the frequency of serological markers for hepatitis B, and the occurrence of overt and occult HBV infection (OBI) and its molecular characterization in serum samples from 644 CKD patients in HD units located in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 2013 to 2017. HBV DNA was investigated in HBsAg reactive and “anti-HBc alone” samples to determine infecting genotypes and genetic relatedness between sequences. The prevalence of serological markers HBsAg+, anti-HBc alone, anti-HBc+/anti-HBs+, anti-HBs+, anti-HBc/anti-HBs/HBsAg were 5.9%, 2.8%, 30.7%, 26.6%, 34.0%, respectively. HBV DNA was detected in 39.5% (15/38) of the HBsAg+ and in 5/18 (27.8%) of the “anti-HBc alone” individuals, indicating a high prevalence of OBI within this group. We found a higher prevalence of HBV/A1 (65%), followed by HBV/D3 (20%), and HBV/A2 (15%). Bayesian MCC tree with a highly supported clade, genetic distance comparison, and identical nucleotide sequences suggested a nosocomial spread of HBV in some units. The high prevalence of HBV infection and low number of individuals immune to infection reinforces the need for vaccination in this group. The presence of closely related strains in the same HD unit reinforces the importance of continuous improvement of safety control measures and laboratory surveillance of serological markers to prevent the risk of infection and transmission of HBV.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjid.2022.102371

Prevalência da Síndrome de Burnout entre Médicos Residentes
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Silveira, Flávia Fraga

; Borges, Livia de Oliveira

Psicologia: Ciência e Profissão

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2021, Volume 41 elocation e221076

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Resumo Médicos residentes estão expostos aos estressores relacionados ao ensino e ao exercício profissional. Nesta pesquisa, objetivamos identificar a prevalência da síndrome de burnout entre os médicos residentes do Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (HC-UFMG) e explorar sua relação com aspectos sociodemográficos e ocupacionais. Dos médicos residentes, 273 responderam uma ficha sociodemográfica e ocupacional e o Inventário de Burnout de Maslach (MBI), desses, entrevistamos 13. Submetemos as respostas dos questionários à análise estatística e das entrevistas à análise de conteúdo. Encontramos alta exaustão emocional (68,1%), moderado ou alto cinismo (41,7%) e moderada ou alta ineficácia profissional (40,6%). Identificamos a presença de síndrome de burnout em 25,64% dos médicos residentes, além disso, encontramos relações de baixo poder explicativo com as variáveis sociodemográficas e ocupacionais. Os resultados fortaleceram a necessidade de questionarmos as condições de trabalho dos médicos residentes, o papel das variáveis sociodemográficas e ocupacionais, da religiosidade e do processo de socialização organizacional no desenvolvimento da síndrome de burnout.

Abstract Resident doctors are exposed to stressors related to both the education and the professional practice. This research aimed to identify the prevalence of burnout syndrome among the resident doctors of the Hospital das Clínicas of the Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (HC-UFMG), exploring its association with sociodemographic and occupational aspects. Of the resident doctors, 273 answered a sociodemographic and occupational form and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), and we interviewed 13 of them. We submitted the answers of the questionnaires to statistical analysis, whereas we applied content analysis to answers of interviews. The participants showed high emotional exhaustion (68.1%), moderate or high cynicism (41.7%), and moderate or high professional ineffectiveness (40.6%). We found that 25.64% the resident doctors presented with burnout syndrome. Besides, sociodemographic and occupational variables presented low explanatory power to prevalence of the syndrome. These results strengthen the need to question the working conditions of resident doctors, as well as the role of sociodemographic and occupational variables, religiosity, and the process of organizational socialization in the development of burnout syndrome.

Resumen Los médicos residentes están expuestos a los estresores relacionados con la enseñanza y el ejercicio profesional. En esta investigación, el objetivo es identificar la prevalencia del síndrome de quemarse por el trabajo entre los médicos residentes del Hospital das Clínicas de la Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (HC-UFMG), así como explorar su relación con aspectos sociodemográficos y ocupacionales. De los médicos residentes, 273 respondieron a una ficha sociodemográfica y ocupacional y al Cuestionario de Burnout de Maslach (MBI); de los cuales entrevistamos a 13 de ellos. Sometemos sus respuestas de los cuestionarios al análisis estadístico; y de las entrevistas, al análisis de contenido. Encontramos un alto agotamiento emocional (68,1%), moderado o alto cinismo (41,7%) y moderada o alta ineficacia profesional (40,6%). Identificamos la presencia de síndrome de quemarse en el 25,64% de los médicos residentes y encontramos relaciones de bajo poder explicativo con las variables sociodemográficas y ocupacionales. Los resultados fortalecieron la necesidad de cuestionar las condiciones de trabajo de los médicos residentes, el papel de las variables sociodemográficas y ocupacionales, de la religiosidad y del proceso de socialización organizacional en el desarrollo del síndrome de quemarse por el trabajo.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-3703003221076 122 downloads

Sleep and restless legs syndrome in female adolescents with idiopathic musculoskeletal pain
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Amorim, Rita Aparecida Ribeiro

; Moreira, Gustavo A.

; Santos, Flavia Heloisa

; Terreri, Maria Teresa

; Molina, Juliana

; Keppeke, Lívia de Freitas

; Silva, Simone Guerra Lopes da

; Fraga, Melissa Mariti

; Silva, Vanessa Bugni Miotto e

; Tufik, Sergio

; Len, Claudio Arnaldo

Jornal de Pediatria

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dec 2020, Volume 96 N. 6 Pages 763 - 770

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Objetivos: Avaliar a presença de síndrome das pernas inquietas, movimento periódico das pernas e distúrbios do sono em adolescentes do sexo feminino com dor musculoesquelética idiopática por meio da escala do sono e da polissonografia e comparar esses dados em adolescentes sem histórico de dor. Método: Foram recrutados 26 adolescentes diagnosticados com dor musculoesquelética idiopática acompanhados em um ambulatório de dor e 25 controles saudáveis pareados por idade e escolaridade. Avaliamos os critérios da síndrome das pernas inquietas de acordo com o Grupo Internacional de Estudos de Síndrome das Pernas Inquietas, a Escala de Distúrbios do Sono em Crianças, a polissonografia noturna e os sintomas de ansiedade. Resultados: A idade média dos adolescentes com dor musculoesquelética idiopática foi 13,9 ± 1,6 anos e dos controles foi 14,4 ± 1,4 anos. Um adolescente no grupo de controle (4%) e nove pacientes com dor musculoesquelética idiopática (34,6%) atenderam aos critérios da síndrome das pernas inquietas (p = 0,011). Não observamos diferenças significativas nos escores da Escala de Distúrbios do Sono em Crianças entre os grupos em todos os componentes: distúrbios do início e da manutenção do sono (p = 0,290), distúrbios respiratórios do sono (p = 0,576), distúrbios do despertar (p = 0,162), distúrbios da transição sono-vigília (p = 0,258), sonolência diurna excessiva (p = 0,594) e hiperidrose do sono (p = 0,797). Os parâmetros neurofisiológicos, respiratórios e o movimento periódico das pernas foram semelhantes nos dois grupos. Ansiedade não foi associada à síndrome das pernas inquietas (p = 0,11). Três pacientes com dor musculoesquelética idiopática (11,5%) apresentaram síndrome das pernas inquietas e movimento periódico das pernas simultaneamente, situação ausente no grupo de controle. Conclusão: As adolescentes do sexo feminino com dor musculoesquelética idiopática apresentaram critérios para síndrome das pernas inquietas com mais frequência do que as adolescentes saudáveis. Contudo, não observamos mudanças relevantes nas variáveis do sono objetivas e subjetivas.

Abstract Objectives: To assess the presence of restless legs syndrome, periodic leg movement, and sleep disorders in female adolescents with idiopathic musculoskeletal pain through a sleep scale and polysomnography, and to compare these data in adolescents without pain history. Method: Twenty-six adolescents diagnosed with idiopathic musculoskeletal pain followed in a pain outpatient clinic and 25 healthy controls matched by age and education were recruited. The restless legs syndrome criteria were evaluated according to the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group, the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children was completed, nocturnal polysomnography was performed, and anxiety symptoms were recorded. Results: The mean age of idiopathic musculoskeletal pain adolescents was 13.9 ± 1.6 years; in controls, it was 14.4 ± 1.4 years. One adolescent in the control group (4 %) and nine patients with idiopathic musculoskeletal pain (34.6 %) fulfilled the restless legs syndrome criteria (p = 0.011). The authors did not observe significant differences in Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children scores between the groups in all components: disorders of initiating and maintaining sleep (p = 0.290), sleep breathing disorders (p = 0.576), disorders of arousal (p = 0.162), sleep-wake transition disorders (p = 0.258), disorder of excessive daytime somnolence (p = 0.594), and sleep hyperhidrosis (p = 0.797). The neurophysiological, respiratory, and periodic leg movement parameters were similar in both groups. Having anxiety was not associated with restless legs syndrome (p = 0.11). Three patients with idiopathic musculoskeletal pain (11.5 %) presented restless legs syndrome and periodic leg movement simultaneously, which was absent in the control group. Conclusion: Female adolescents with idiopathic musculoskeletal pain present criteria for RLS more frequently than healthy adolescents. However, this study did not observe relevant changes in objective and subject sleep variables.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2019.09.007 619 downloads

Prospects for new leprosy diagnostic tools, a narrative review considering ELISA and PCR assays
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Gama, Rafael Silva

; Leite, Lázaro Azevedo

; Colombo, Lívia Tavares

; Fraga, Lúcia Alves de Oliveira

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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2020, Volume 53 elocation e20200197

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Slit skin smear and histopathological examinations are currently the main laboratory tools used to aid the diagnosis of leprosy. However, their sensitivity is low, and many cases are not detected. New methodologies have been studied to develop more accurate tests. This narrative review aims to raise attention to the results of molecular (polymerase chain reaction) and serological (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) tests applied to the diagnosis of leprosy, and to summarize the available information about the former. Original scientific articles published in indexed international journals, whose study involved aspects of the diagnosis and classification of leprosy cases or home contacts, were selected. The data were extracted independently using a standardized method that dictated the inclusion of the following information: diagnosis in Paucibacillary and Multibacillary cases and in household contacts; sample number; sample type; study design; studied variables; statistical analysis employed; main results; and limitations identified. In clinical practice, the results from molecular and serological tests are assessed separately, with moderate sensitivity and specificity. However, an integrated study of these methodologies has been suggested for greater accuracy in diagnosis.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0197-2020 613 downloads

Condições de trabalho na Educação Infantil no Brasil: os desafios da profissionalização e da valorização docente
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Locatelli, Arinalda Silva

; Vieira, Lívia Fraga

Educar em Revista

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dec 2019, Volume 35 N. 78 Pages 263 - 281

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Neste artigo, apresentam-se os resultados de pesquisa cujo objetivo foi analisar as dimensões constitutivas do trabalho docente na Educação Infantil pública e sua relação com o processo de expansão das políticas educativas voltadas para esta etapa da educação básica, ocorrida nas últimas décadas, em municípios da Região Amazônica. Os dados analisados foram as respostas aos questionários aplicados a 137 sujeitos docentes (professoras e monitoras) atuantes no universo de 31 instituições públicas municipais de Educação Infantil, que atendiam crianças na faixa etária de 0 a 5 anos, do estado do Tocantins, das áreas rural e urbana dos municípios de Araguatins e Tocantinópolis. As informações sobre perfil e percepção dos sujeitos docentes sobre as suas condições de trabalho foram coletadas durante o segundo semestre do ano de 2016. O contexto analisado remete-nos a avaliar que, mesmo reconhecendo que nas últimas décadas houve avanços em relação às condições de trabalho, na dimensão estrutural e nas relações de trabalho, a consecução de uma Educação da Primeira Infância comprometida com a qualidade da educação e o bem-estar das crianças e profissionais, ainda não se consolidou no sentido de implementar uma política sistemática de investimentos nas condições de trabalho oferecidas aos profissionais que educam e cuidam nas creches e pré-escolas.

ABSTRACT In this article, we present results of a research with the objective of analyzing the constitutive dimensions of the teaching work in public early childhood education and its relation with the process of expansion of the educational policies aimed at this stage of basic education that occurred in the last decades in municipalities of the Amazon region. We analyzed the answers to questionnaires applied to 137 teaching subjects (teachers and monitors), working in the universe of thirty-one early childhood education institutions in the state of Tocantins, which catered to children aged 0 to 5 years within the rural and urban areas of Araguatins and Tocantinópolis. Information on the profile of teaching subjects and their perception of their working conditions was collected during the second semester of 2016. Through the analysis, we can evaluate that, even recognizing that in recent decades there have been advances in working conditions, both in terms of structural dimension and labor relations, the achievement of an early childhood education program committed to quality and the well-being of children and professionals has not yet been consolidated. There are no plans to implement a systematic policy of investing in the working conditions offered to professionals who educate and look after children in day care centers and preschools.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0104-4060.69545 1860 downloads

Schistosomiasis mansoni in the northeast region of brazil: temporal modeling of positivity, hospitalization,and mortality rates
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Silva, Leonardo Feitosa da

; Nunes, Bruno Eduardo Bastos Rolim

; Leal, Thiago Cavalcanti

; Paiva, João Paulo Silva de

; Lemos, Amanda Maria Sandes

; Araújo, Lívia Monique Maurício de

; Araújo, Maria Deysiane Porte de

; Machado, Michael Ferreira

; Fraga, Carlos Alberto de Carvalho

; Souza, Carlos Dornels Freire de

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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2019, Volume 52 elocation e20180458

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract INTRODUCTION We aimed to analyze trends in Schistosomiasis positivity, mortality, and hospitalization rates in Northeast Brazil. METHODS We conducted an ecological study using data from the Brazilian Schistosomiasis Control Program, and Hospital and Mortality Information Systems. A joinpoint regression model was used for temporal analysis. RESULTS The positivity(−4.7%;p<0.001) and hospitalization(−17.7%;p<0.001) rates declined globally, while the mortality remained stationary (−0.8%;p>0.05). However, the hospitalization in Alagoas(27.1%;p<0.001) and Pernambuco (35.1%;p<0.001), and the mortality in Bahia(2.9%;p<0.001) and Sergipe(4.1%;p<0.001), increased. CONCLUSIONS Schistosomiasis mansoni represents an important public health problem in Pernambuco, Alagoas, Sergipe, and Bahia.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0458-2018 2041 downloads

10.

NUESTRO NORTE ES EL SUR: EL DOCTORADO LATINOAMERICANO EN EDUCACIÓN DE LA UFMG
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SOUZA, JULIANA DE FÁTIMA

; VIEIRA, LÍVIA MARIA FRAGA

; TORO, LUÍSA FERNANDA MEJÍA

Educação em Revista

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2019, Volume 35 elocation e219688

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

RESUMO: A cooperação internacional é um componente estratégico para a constituição e consolidação de programas de pós-graduação stricto sensu de excelência. Na dinamização do Sistema Nacional de Pós-Graduação no Brasil, valorizam-se as instituições do Norte global, onde se concentra a maior parte das universidades de classe mundial. Este artigo apresenta uma experiência que se distancia desse modelo, com foco na cooperação Sul-Sul e nos sentidos da cooperação regional para o enfrentamento de problemas específicos da América Latina e Caribe. O objeto do trabalho é o Doutorado Latino-Americano em Educação (DLA) da UFMG, que foi desenvolvido em parceria com a Unesco e universidades do Chile, Colômbia, Equador, Honduras, México, Peru e Venezuela. A análise inclui documentos do programa e questionários respondidos por egressos. Constatou-se que o DLA constitui um projeto alternativo de internacionalização, mais autônomo e autocentrado, fundamentado em uma concepção de justiça social e de solidariedade entre os Estados da região.

ABSTRACT: International cooperation is a strategic component for the constitution and consolidation of stricto sensu excellence postgraduate programs. In the strengthening of the Brazilian Postgraduate System, academic relations with the global North have been valued, where most of the world-class universities are concentrated. This article presents an experience that distances itself from this model, focusing on South-South cooperation and the meanings of regional cooperation to overcome specific problems of Latin America and the Caribbean. The subject of this work is the Latin American Doctorate in Education (DLA) at UFMG/Brazil, which was developed in partnership with Unesco and universities in Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Honduras, Mexico, Peru and Venezuela. The analysis includes documents of the program and questionnaires answered by graduates. It was concluded that the DLA is an alternative internationalization project, with more autonomy and self-centered, oriented by a social justice conception and solidarity among countries of the region.

RESUMEN: La cooperación internacional es un componente estratégico en la consolidación de programas de postgrado de excelencia. En la dinamización del Sistema Nacional de Postgrado en Brasil se han valorizado instituciones del Norte Global, que concentra la mayoría de las universidades de clase mundial. Este texto presenta una experiencia que se diferencia de este modelo dando énfasis en la cooperación Sur-Sur y en los sentidos de la cooperación regional para la superación de problemas específicos de América Latina y el Caribe. El objeto del trabajo es el Doctorado Latinoamericano en Educación (DLA) de la UFMG, desarrollado en convenio con la Unesco y universidades de Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Honduras, México, Perú y Venezuela. El análisis incluye documentos del programa y formularios respondidos por egresados. Puede verse que el DLA constituye un proyecto alternativo de internacionalización, más autónomo y auto concentrado, fundamentado en una concepción de justicia social y de solidaridad entre los estados.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-4698219688 1388 downloads

11.

Oral health outcomes: the association of clinical and socio-dental indicators to evaluate dental caries in preschool children
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Antunes, Lívia Azeredo Alves

; Ornellas, Giulia

; Fraga, Renato Silva

; Antunes, Leonardo Santos

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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feb 2018, Volume 23 N. 2 Pages 491 - 500

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo A cárie dentária é um problema de saúde pública com impacto na qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde bucal (QVRSB). Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a cárie dentária como desfecho em saúde bucal em pré-escolares, por meio da associação de indicadores clínicos e sociodentais que avaliam a QVRSB. Um estudo transversal foi realizado com crianças de 2 a 6 anos de idade que frequentavam creches públicas de um município do sudeste do Brasil. Após o cálculo da amostra, 446 crianças foram selecionadas aleatoriamente por critérios de elegibilidade. A avaliação foi feita por dois profissionais, usando critérios da OMS, que classificaram os sujeitos de acordo com a gravidade de cárie precoce na infância (CPI). Os pais/cuidadores responderam um questionário auto- aplicado de caracterização da amostra e um indicador sociodental (B-ECOHIS). A prevalência de cárie dentária foi de 33,7%. As crianças com alta gravidade de CPI tinha cinco vezes mais chance de sofrer impacto sobre QVRSB. O teste one way ANOVA apresentou associação entre impacto na QVRSB (ECOHIS escores) e CPI. O desfecho cárie em saúde bucal apresentou alta prevalência como indicador clínico e alto impacto sobre a QVRSB como o indicador sociodental. Indicadores clínicos e sociodentais devem ser avaliados em conjunto.

Abstract Dental caries is a public health problem that impacts oral health related to quality of life (OHRQoL). This study aimed to evaluate the outcome of dental caries in children by associating clinical and socio-dental indicators. A cross-sectional study was carried out with 2 to 6-year-old children who attended public day care centers in a city in the Southeast Region of Brazil. After sample calculation, 446 children were randomly selected by eligibility criteria. Two professionals evaluated dental caries using WHO (2013) criteria and classified subjects according to early childhood caries (ECC) severity. Parents/care- givers answered a characterization questionnaire and self-reported socio-dental indicator (B-ECO-HIS). The prevalence of dental caries was 33.7%. The children with high severity of ECC had 5 times higher chance of suffering an impact on OHRQoL. The one way ANOVA test showed that the impact on OHRQoL (ECOHIS scores) was associated with ECC. The outcome dental caries in oral health presented high prevalence as clinical indicator and high impact on OHRQoL as socio dental indicator. Clinical and socio-dental indicators should be evaluated together.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232018232.21022015 151 downloads

12.

Oral health outcomes: the association of clinical and socio-dental indicators to evaluate dental caries in preschool children
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Antunes, Lívia Azeredo Alves

; Ornellas, Giulia

; Fraga, Renato Silva

; Antunes, Leonardo Santos

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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feb 2018, Volume 23 N. 2 Pages 491 - 500

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232018232.21022015 2814 downloads

13.

Saúde coletiva: teoria e prática. Jairnilson Silva Paim e Naomar de Almeida-Filho (orgs.). 1.ed. Rio de Janeiro: Medbook, 2014. 720p
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Fraga, Lívia

; Carneiro, Carla Cabral Gomes

Trabalho, Educação e Saúde

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mar 2016, Volume 14 N. 1 Pages 313 - 315

Abstract: Pt | Text: Pt | PDF: Pt

https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-7746-sip00104 30212 downloads

14.

The dynamics of the production of AIDS-related stigma among pregnant women living with HIV/AIDS in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Monteiro, Simone

; Villela, Wilza

; Fraga, Livia

; Soares, Priscilla

; Pinho, Adriana

Cadernos de Saúde Pública

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2016, Volume 32 N. 12 elocation e00122215

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

O estudo analisa a relação entre o estigma relacionado à AIDS e os processos de discriminação antes do diagnóstico entre gestantes vivendo com HIV/AIDS. O trabalho de campo incluiu entrevistas sobre as trajetórias de vida de 29 gestantes recrutadas em serviços de AIDS no Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. A análise mostrou que antes do diagnóstico do HIV, as desigualdades sociais e de gênero vivenciadas por essas mulheres já haviam reduzido seu acesso a bens materiais e simbólicos que poderiam ter melhorado suas perspectivas educacionais e de carreira, assim como, sua capacidade e autonomia no sentido de exercer seus direitos sexuais e reprodutivos. O diagnóstico de HIV provocava medo de julgamento moral e de desagregação nas redes de apoio sociais e familiares. Em função desses temores, as gestantes vivendo com HIV optam por ocultar o diagnóstico. É necessário que os serviços de saúde, ONGs e agências do governo colaborem para enfrentar os fatores que alimentam o estigma, tais como desigualdades socioeconômicas e de gênero, tabus e preconceitos relacionados à sexualidade, além de desenvolver ações parar empoderar as mulheres para redefinir a doença.

The study analyses the relationship between AIDS-related stigma and the processes of discrimination prior to diagnosis among pregnant women living with HIV/AIDS. The fieldwork involved interviews about the life trajectories of 29 pregnant women living with HIV/AIDS, recruited at two AIDS services in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The analysis revealed that before HIV diagnosis, social and gender inequalities experienced by these women reduced their access to material and symbolic goods that could have enhanced educational and career prospects and their ability and autonomy to exercise sexual and reproductive rights. Being diagnosed with HIV triggered fear of moral judgment and of breakdown in social and family support networks. Given these fears, pregnant women living with HIV/AIDS opt for concealment of the diagnosis. It is necessary for health services, NGOs and government agencies to work together to face the factors that fuel stigma, such as socioeconomic and gender inequalities, taboos and prejudices related to sexuality, and also develop actions to enable women to redefine the meaning of the disease.

El estudio analiza la relación entre el estigma relacionado con el SIDA y los procesos de discriminación antes de su diagnóstico entre gestantes que viven con VIH/SIDA. El trabajo de campo incluyó entrevistas sobre las trayectorias de vida de 29 gestantes, inscritas en servicios de SIDA en Río de Janeiro, Brasil. El análisis mostró que, antes del diagnóstico del VIH, las desigualdades sociales y de género experimentadas por esas mujeres ya habían reducido su acceso a bienes materiales y simbólicos que podrían haber mejorado sus perspectivas educacionales y de carrera, así como su capacidad y autonomía, en el sentido de ejercer sus derechos sexuales y reproductivos. El diagnóstico de VIH provocaba miedo a un juicio moral y de desagregación en las redes de apoyo sociales y familiares. En función de esos temores, las gestantes viviendo con VIH optan por ocultar el diagnóstico. Es necesario que los servicios de salud, ONGs y agencias del gobierno colaboren para enfrentar los factores que alimentan el estigma, tales como desigualdades socioeconómicas y de género, tabús y prejuicios relacionados con la sexualidad, además de desarrollar acciones parar empoderar a las mujeres con el fin de redefinir la enfermedad.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311x00122215 1979 downloads

15.

The dynamics of the production of AIDS-related stigma among pregnant women living with HIV/AIDS in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Monteiro, Simone

; Villela, Wilza

; Fraga, Livia

; Soares, Priscilla

; Pinho, Adriana

Cadernos de Saúde Pública

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2016, Volume 32 N. 12 elocation e00122215

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311x00122215 486 downloads

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