ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the changes in body composition of burn patients through electrical bioimpedance in the phases of response to trauma. Methods: a longitudinal observational study, carried out from October 2019 to March 2020. Sociodemographic, clinical, epidemiological, anthropometric and body composition data were collected. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS, considering a significance of 5%. The comparison between variables was performed using the paired Student’s t test. Results: the sample consisted of 58 adult burn patients, with a mean age of 38.2±12.5 years. The mean body surface area (BSA) with burns was 10.8±7.3%. Nutritional assessment demonstrated a depletion of body weight, Body Mass Index, fat-free mass and muscle mass in the phases of response to trauma (p<0.005). Conclusion: metabolic alterations in the different phases of the metabolic response to trauma led to a depletion of the nutritional status of burn patients of both sexes during hospitalization.

RESUMEN Objetivo: evaluar alteraciones en la composición corporal de pacientes quemados mediante bioimpedancia eléctrica en las fases de respuesta al trauma. Métodos: estudio observacional longitudinal, realizado de octubre de 2019 a marzo de 2020. Se recogieron datos sociodemográficos, clínicos, epidemiológicos, antropométricos y de composición corporal. El análisis estadístico se realizó mediante SPSS, considerando una significancia del 5%. La comparación entre variables se realizó mediante la prueba de la t de Student pareada. Resultados: la muestra estuvo compuesta por 58 pacientes adultos quemados, con una edad media de 38,2±12,5 años. El área de superficie corporal media (ASC) con quemaduras fue de 10,8±7,3%. La evaluación nutricional mostró disminución del peso corporal, índice de masa corporal, masa magra y masa muscular en las fases de respuesta al trauma (p<0,005). Conclusión: los cambios metabólicos en las diferentes fases de la respuesta metabólica al trauma llevaron a la disminución del estado nutricional de los pacientes quemados de ambos sexos durante la hospitalización.

RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar as alterações na composição corporal de pacientes queimados por meio da bioimpedância elétrica nas fases de resposta ao trauma. Métodos: estudo observacional longitudinal, realizado de outubro de 2019 a março de 2020. Foram coletados dados sociodemográficos, clínicos, epidemiológicos, antropométricos e de composição corporal. A análise estatística foi realizada com o SPSS, considerando significância de 5%. Comparação entre as variáveis foi realizada por meio do teste t de Student pareado. Resultados: a amostra foi composta por 58 pacientes adultos queimados, com média de 38,2±12,5 anos. A média da área de superfície corporal (ASC) com queimaduras foi de 10,8±7,3%. A avaliação nutricional demonstrou depleção do peso corporal, índice de massa corporal, massa magra e massa muscular nas fases de resposta ao trauma (p<0,005). Conclusão: alterações metabólicas nas diferentes fases da resposta metabólica ao trauma levaram a depleção do estado nutricional de pacientes queimados de ambos os sexos durante a internação.

ABSTRACT The assessment of the nutritional status of hospitalized patients is fundamental to the establishment of the diagnosis. For bedridden patients, however, it is not possible to determine simple measures, such as weight and height, which are the most widely used variables for nutritional assessments. Objective: Compare real and estimated anthropometric measures in hospitalized patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with adult (>18 years of age) and senior patients (>60 years of age) admitted for clinical or surgical treatment in the general surgery infirmary of Governador Paulo Guerra Restauração Hospital. Data (sex, age, clinical diagnosis, real weight, real height, body mass index, knee height and arm circumference) were collected using nutritional follow-up charts and tabulated using Excel 2016. Statistical analyses were performed in SPSS® version 21.0. Results: One hundred and twenty patients participated in the study (median age: 55 years). Most were adults (73.3%) and women (53.3%). The mean differences in weight between the estimated and real measures were statistically significant (p=0.000), with an overestimation of this variable. Regarding height, the estimated values differed significantly from the real values in both men and women (p<0.000) and the difference was larger among the seniors (mean: -0.072). No significant difference was found between the real and estimated body mass index (p= 0.44). Conclusion: In the comparison of methods for estimating weight and height to real measures, a tendency was found to overestimate these body measures.

RESUMEN La evaluación del estado nutricional de los pacientes hospitalizados es esencial para establecer su diagnóstico. Sin embargo, para los pacientes postrados en cama, no se pueden realizar medidas sencillas como el peso y la altura, que son las más utilizadas para el diagnóstico nutricional. Objetivo: Comparar mediciones antropométricas reales y estimadas en pacientes hospitalizados. Metodología: Estudio transversal, que incluye pacientes adultos (>18 años) y personas mayores de 60 años, ingresados para tratamiento clínico o quirúrgico en la sala de cirugía general del Hospital da Restauração Governador Paulo Guerra. Los datos (sexo, edad, diagnóstico clínico, peso real, altura real, índice de masa corporal, altura de la rodilla y circunferencia del brazo) se recopilaron mediante los formularios de monitoreo nutricional y se tabularon en el software Excel 2016. Los análisis estadísticos se realizaron con SPSS®, versión 21.0. Resultados: 120 pacientes con mediana de 55 años, en su mayoría adultos (73,3%) y mujeres (53,3%). Las diferencias promedio entre las mediciones estimadas y reales fueron estadísticamente significativas, con sobreestimación del peso (p<0,0001). Con respecto a la altura, fue posible identificar que las medidas estimadas diferían significativamente (p<0,0001) de las reales para hombres y mujeres, y que esta variación era aún mayor entre los ancianos (media: -0,072). No hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre el índice de masa corporal real y el estimado (p= 0,44). Conclusión: Al comparar las metodologías para estimar el peso y la altura con las mediciones reales, fue posible observar una tendencia de los métodos a sobreestimar estas mediciones corporales.

Resumo: Objetivo: Avaliar a associação entre processo inflamatório, adiposidade e as vitaminas A, D e E em adolescentes, segundo o sexo. Métodos: Estudo transversal com adolescentes de 12 a 19 anos de ambos os sexos de escolas públicas de Recife. Foi utilizado um questionário para coleta de dados socioeconômicos, de estilo de vida e de consumo alimentar dos adolescentes. Em seguida, realizou-se a avalição antropométrica e coleta de sangue para análise das concentrações séricas de α-1-glicoproteína ácida, retinol, β-caroteno, α-tocoferol e 25-hidroxivitamina D. Resultados: Os níveis de α-1-glicoproteína ácida foram maiores na obesidade abdominal de ambos os sexos. Os meninos com níveis séricos insuficientes de α-tocoferol expressaram níveis reduzidos de α-1-glicoproteína ácida (p = 0,03) e apresentaram um maior risco de deficiência de 25-hidroxivitamina D e β-caroteno na adiposidade total e abdominal, enquanto as meninas mostraram maior risco de insuficiência de β-caroteno com a obesidade abdominal (RP 1,33; IC 95% 1,2-1,5). Conclusão: A adiposidade abdominal reflete maior risco de inflamação e causa alterações distintas nas concentrações das vitaminas lipossolúveis, de acordo com o sexo.

Abstract Objective: Evaluate the association between inflammatory process, adiposity, and vitamins A, D, and E in adolescents, according to gender. Methods: Cross-sectional study with adolescents aged 12-19 years old of both genders attending public schools in Recife. A questionnaire was used to collect data on socioeconomic level, lifestyle, and food intake of adolescents. Then, an anthropometric evaluation and a blood sampling were performed to analyze serum concentrations of α-1-acid glycoprotein, retinol, β-carotene, α-tocopherol, and 25-hydroxy-vitamin D. Results: The levels of α-1-acid glycoprotein were higher for abdominal obesity in both genders. Male adolescents with insufficient serum α-tocopherol levels had low levels of α-1-acid glycoprotein (p = 0.03) and an increased risk of 25-hydroxy-vitamin D and β-carotene deficiency in relation to total and abdominal fat; female adolescents had an increased risk of insufficient β-carotene with abdominal obesity (PR: 1.33; 95% CI: 1.2-1.5). Conclusion: Abdominal adiposity implies a higher risk of inflammation and causes different changes to the levels of fat-soluble vitamins according to gender.

RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar o perfil clínico, cirúrgico e nutricional de pacientes cirúrgicos internados em um hospital de referência da cidade de Recife - PE. Métodos: estudo de caráter transversal, realizado nas enfermarias do Serviço de Cirurgia Geral do Hospital da Restauração Governador Paulo Guerra, no período de junho a setembro de 2018. Foram incluídos pacientes adultos e idosos de ambos os sexos, submetidos a procedimentos toracoabdominais e cirurgias abdominais, de caráter eletivo ou de emergência, em que a avaliação do estado nutricional pôde ser realizada em até 72 horas da admissão hospitalar. Foram coletados dados sobre o estado nutricional, sobre os procedimentos cirúrgicos, assim como, informações clínicas e bioquímicas. Resultados: foram estudados 140 pacientes, com mediana de idade de 45 anos, 59,3% do sexo feminino, sendo que 23% apresentavam-se desnutridos, através da Avaliação Subjetiva Global. A mediana do tempo de jejum pré-operatório para as cirurgias de porte I foi de 15 horas e para as de porte II, 13,5 horas. Maior tempo de permanência hospitalar no pós-operatório apresentou forte correlação com o tempo total de internamento em ambos os portes cirúrgicos. Pacientes desnutridos apresentaram maior tempo de jejum perioperatório e de permanência hospitalar quando comparados com os bem nutridos (p<0,001). Conclusão: o tempo de jejum perioperatório das cirurgias eletivas esteve acima do que é preconizado pela literatura. Pacientes com maior tempo de jejum permaneceram mais tempo internados.

ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the clinical, surgical, and nutritional profile of surgical patients admitted to a reference hospital in Recife city, Pernambuco state, Brazil. Methods: a cross-sectional study carried out in the wards of the General Surgery Service of Hospital da Restauração Governador Paulo Guerra, from June to September 2018. We included adult and elderly patients (both genders) who were submitted to thoracoabdominal procedures and elective or emergency abdominal surgeries, and in which the assessment of nutritional status could be performed within 72 hours of hospital admission. Data on nutritional status and surgical procedures, as well as clinical and biochemical information, were collected. Results: we studied 140 patients with median age of 45 years. Among all, 59.3% were female and 23% malnourished, according to Subjective Global Assessment. The median preoperative fasting time was 15 hours for size I surgeries and 13.5 hours for size II ones. Longer postoperative hospital stay showed a strong correlation with the total length of hospital stay in both surgical sizes. Malnourished patients had a longer period of perioperative fasting and hospital stay when compared to well-nourished patients (p<0.001). Conclusion: the perioperative fasting time for elective surgeries was longer than recommended by literature. Patients with longer fasting spent more time in hospital.

Introduction: many factors can have a negative influence over surgical results, such as a compromised nutritional status and the extension of the perioperative fasting time. Objective: to evaluate the influence of the nutritional status and the perioperative fasting time over the occurrence of surgical complications and over hospital stay, in patients who have undergone surgery of the gastrointestinal tract and/or abdominal wall, and who were subjected to a nutritional care protocol. Methods: cohort study, conducted with 84 patients, from June to November 2014. Data collection was performed by applying a structured questionnaire, search over the records and medical and/or nutritional prescription. Statistical analysis was performed using STATA/SE 12.0 and significance level of 5%. Results: nutritional risk was present in 26.2%, and from these 45.4% carried out preoperative nutritional therapy, having an average of 6.6 ± 2.79 days. The preoperative fasting was 4.5 (3.66; 5.50) hours and the postoperative fasting 5.1 (2.5; 20.5) hours. No associations were found between the parameters for assessing body composition and the presence of complications. A negative correlation was observed between the length of hospital stay and the BMI (p = 0.017),while a positive correlation was observed between weight loss and the length of hospital stay (p = 0.036). Patients with higher postoperative fasting time had a higher occurrence of complications (p = 0.021). Conclusion: the compromised nutritional status and the extension of perioperative fasting time are associated with the occurrence of surgical complications and increased length of hospital stay.

Introducción: muchos factores pueden influir negativamente en los resultados quirúrgicos, tales como el estado nutricional deteriorado y la extensión del tiempo de ayuno perioperatorio. Objetivo: evaluar la influencia del estado nutricional y el tiempo de ayuno perioperatorio en la aparición de complicaciones quirúrgicas y la duración de la estancia hospitalaria en pacientes sometidos a cirugía del tracto gastrointestinal y/o la pared abdominal, que fueron sometidos a protocolo de atención nutricional. Métodos: estudio de cohorte, realizado con 84 pacientes, de junio a noviembre de 2014. La recolección de datos se realizó mediante la aplicación de un cuestionario estructurado, búsqueda en los registros y prescripción médica y/o nutricional. Para el análisis estadístico se utilizó el programa STATA/SE 12.0 y se adoptó el nivel de significación del 5%. Resultados: el riesgo nutricional estuvo presente en el 26,2% de los casos, y de estos el 45,4% realizaron terapia nutricional preoperatoria, con una media de 6,6 ± 2,79 días. El ayuno preoperatorio fue de 4,5 (3,66; 5,50) horas y el ayuno postoperatorio fue de 5,1 (2,5; 20,5) horas. No se encontraron asociaciones entre los parámetros para evaluar la composición corporal y la presencia de complicaciones. Se observó una correlación negativa entre la duración de la estancia y el IMC (p = 0,017), y una correlación positiva entre la pérdida de peso y el tiempo de estancia hospitalaria (p = 0,036). Los pacientes con mayor tiempo de ayuno postoperatorio tuvieron una mayor incidencia de complicaciones (p = 0,021). Conclusión: el mal estado nutricional y la extensión del tiempo de ayuno perioperatorio están asociados a la aparición de complicaciones quirúrgicas y a una mayor duración de la estancia hospitalaria.

Introduction: The nutritional state is the independent factor that most influences the post-operational results in elective surgeries. Objective: to evaluate the influence of the nutritional state on the hospitalization period and on the post-operative complications of patients submitted to abdominal surgery. Methods: prospective study with 99 surgical patients over 18 years of age, submitted to abdominal surgeries in the period from April to October of 2013, in the Instituto de Medicina Integral Professor Fernando Figueira (IMIP). All patients were submitted to anthropometric nutritional evaluations through the body mass Index (BMI), arm circumference (AC) and triceps skinfold thickness (TEST). The biochemical evaluation was carried out from the leukogram and serum albumin results. The identification of candidate patients to nutritional therapy (NT) was carried out through the nutritional risk (NR) evaluation by using the BMI, loss of weight and hypoalbuminemia. The information about post-operational complications, hospitalization period and clinical diagnosis was collected from the medical records. Program SPSS version 13.0 and significance level of 5% were used for the statistical analysis. Results: The malnutrition diagnosed by the AC showed significant positive association with the presence of post-operative complications (p=0.02) and with hospitalization period (p=0.02). The presence of NR was greater when evaluated by hypoalbuminemia (28.9%), however, only 4% of the sample carried out the NT in the pre-operational period. The hospitalization period was greater for patients with malignant neoplasia (p<0.01). Conclusion: The malnutrition diagnosis of patients submitted to abdominal surgeries is associated to greater risk of post-operational complications and longer hospitalization permanence.

Introducción: El estado nutricional es el factor independiente que más influye en los resultados post-operacionales en las cirugías electivas. Objetivo: evaluar la influencia del estado nutricional en el periodo de hospitalización y en las complicaciones postoperatorias de los pacientes sometidos a cirugía abdominal. Métodos: Estudio prospectivo de 99 pacientes quirúrgicos mayores de 18 años de edad, sometidos a cirugía abdominal en el período de abril a octubre de 2013, en el Instituto de Medicina Integral Professor Fernando Figueira (IMIP). Todos los pacientes fueron sometidos a evaluaciones nutricionales antropométricos a través del índice de masa corporal (IMC), la circunferencia del brazo (CB) y el espesor del pliegue cutáneo tricipital (PCT). La evaluación bioquímica se llevó a cabo a partir de los resultados leucograma y albúmina sérica. La identificación de los pacientes candidatos a la terapia nutricional (TN) se llevó a cabo a través de la evaluación del riesgo nutricional (RN) utilizando el IMC, la pérdida de peso y la hipoalbuminemia. La información sobre las complicaciones postoperatorias, tiempo de hospitalización y diagnóstico clínico se recogió de los registros médicos. Programa SPSS versión 13.0 y nivel de significancia de 5 % se utilizaron para el análisis estadístico. Resultados: La malnutrición diagnosticada por el CB mostraron asociación positiva significativa con la presencia de complicaciones postoperatorias (p = 0,02) y con el período de hospitalización (p = 0,02). La presencia de RN fue mayor cuando se evaluó por la hipoalbuminemia (28,9 %), sin embargo, sólo el 4 % de la muestra llevó a cabo el TN en el período pre-operacional. El período de hospitalización fue mayor para los pacientes con neoplasia maligna (p < 0,01). Conclusión: El diagnóstico desnutrición de los pacientes sometidos a cirugía abdominal se asocia a un mayor riesgo de complicaciones post-operativas y más tiempo de permanencia de hospitalización.