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au:GIORDANO, S. A.

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Use of hydrogen peroxide for acclimation of sorghum plants to salt stress
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Barbosa, Joicy L.

; Limão, Marcelo A. R.

; Medeiros, Aldair de S.

; Pimenta, Thiago A.

; Gonzaga, Giordano B. M.

Revista Caatinga

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2023, Volume 36 N. 4 Pages 875 - 884

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT The use of chemical conditioners, such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), is important for mitigating deleterious effects caused by salt stress on plants. This practice can increase the production of agricultural crops, including sorghum, in the Semiarid region of Brazil. In this sense, the objective of this study was to evaluate effects of different electrical conductivities of the irrigation water and H2O2 concentrations on plant growth and biomass accumulation of sorghum plants grown in the Semiarid region of Brazil. The experiment was conducted from November 2020 to January 2021 in a greenhouse at the Center for Agri-Food Sciences and Technologies of the Federal University of Campina Grande, in Pombal, Paraiba, Brazil. A randomized block experimental design was used, in a 4×4 factorial arrangement, consisted of four electrical conductivities of the irrigation water [0.30 (control), 1.50, 3.50, and 5.50 dS m-1] and four H2O2 concentrations [0 (control), 6, 12, and 18 µM], with three replications and one plant per plot, totaling 48 experimental units. Plant height, stem diameter, flag leaf length, and fresh and dry weights of leaves and stems were evaluated. The results showed that applying irrigation water with electrical conductivities higher than 1.50 dS m-1 decreases plant growth and biomass accumulation in sorghum plants. Treating sorghum seeds with H2O2 concentrations of up to 12 µM mitigates adverse effects caused by salt stress on sorghum plants subjected to the salinity levels evaluated in the present study.

RESUMO A utilização de condicionadores químicos, como o peróxido de hidrogênio (H2O2), é extremamente importante para atenuação dos efeitos deletérios causados pelo estresse salino nas plantas. Essa técnica pode inclusive, aumentar a produção agrícola como de sorgo no semiárido brasileiro. Neste sentido, objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar os efeitos de diferentes condutividades elétricas da água de irrigação e concentrações de H2O2 no crescimento e acúmulo de fitomassa do sorgo no semiárido brasileiro. O experimento foi conduzido entre os meses de novembro de 2020 e janeiro de 2021, em casa de vegetação no Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Agroalimentar da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, no município de Pombal, Paraíba, Brasil. O delineamento experimental adotado foi o de blocos ao acaso, em esquema fatorial 4 x 4, referentes a quatro condutividades elétricas da água de irrigação: 0,30 (controle); 1,50; 3,50 e 5,50 dS m-1 e quatro concentrações de H2O2: 0 (controle); 6; 12 e 18 µM, com três repetições e uma planta por parcela, totalizando 48 unidades experimentais. Foi avaliada a altura de planta, diâmetro de colmo, comprimento da folha bandeira, fitomassa fresca e seca de folhas e colmos. Os resultados denotam que a água de irrigação com condutividade elétrica superiore a 1,50 dS m-1 reduz o crescimento e acúmulo de fitomassa em plantas de sorgo. Tratamento das sementes de sorgo com concentrações de peróxido de hidrogênio até 12 µM, reduz os efeitos adversos causados pelo estresse salino nas plantas, em todos os níveis de salinidade.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252023v36n415rc

Human-SARS-CoV-2 interactome and human genetic diversity: TMPRSS2-rs2070788, associated with severe influenza, and its population genetics caveats in Native Americans
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Kehdy, Fernanda S.G.

; Pita-Oliveira, Murilo

; Scudeler, Mariana M.

; Torres-Loureiro, Sabrina

; Zolini, Camila

; Moreira, Rennan

; Michelin, Lucas A.

; Alvim, Isabela

; Silva-Carvalho, Carolina

; Furlan, Vinicius C.

; Aquino, Marla M.

; Santolalla, Meddly L.

; Borda, Victor

; Soares-Souza, Giordano B.

; Jaramillo-Valverde, Luis

; Vasquez-Dominguez, Andres

; Neira, Cesar Sanchez

; Aguiar, Renato S.

; Verdugo, Ricardo A.

; O`Connor, Timothy D.

; Guio, Heinner

; Tarazona-Santos, Eduardo

; Leal, Thiago P.

; Rodrigues-Soares, Fernanda

Genetics and Molecular Biology

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2021, Volume 44 N. 1 elocation e20200484

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract For human/SARS-CoV-2 interactome genes ACE2, TMPRSS2 and BSG, there is a convincing evidence of association in Asians with influenza-induced SARS for TMPRSS2-rs2070788, tag-SNP of the eQTL rs383510. This case illustrates the importance of population genetics and of sequencing data in the design of genetic association studies in different human populations: the high linkage disequilibrium (LD) between rs2070788 and rs383510 is Asian-specific. Leveraging on a combination of genotyping and sequencing data for Native Americans (neglected in genetic studies), we show that while their frequencies of the Asian tag-SNP rs2070788 is, surprisingly, the highest worldwide, it is not in LD with the eQTL rs383510, that therefore, should be directly genotyped in genetic association studies of SARS in populations with Native American ancestry.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2020-0484 193 downloads

Where do we aspire to publish? A position paper on scientific communication in biochemistry and molecular biology
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Baptista, M.S.

; Alves, M.J.M.

; Arantes, G.M.

; Armelin, H.A.

; Augusto, O.

; Baldini, R.L.

; Basseres, D.S.

; Bechara, E.J.H.

; Bruni-Cardoso, A.

; Chaimovich, H.

; Colepicolo Neto, P.

; Colli, W.

; Cuccovia, I.M.

; Da-Silva, A.M.

; Di Mascio, P.

; Farah, S.C.

; Ferreira, C.

; Forti, F.L.

; Giordano, R.J.

; Gomes, S.L.

; Gueiros Filho, F.J.

; Hoch, N.C.

; Hotta, C.T.

; Labriola, L.

; Lameu, C.

; Machini, M.T.

; Malnic, B.

; Marana, S.R.

; Medeiros, M.H.G.

; Meotti, F.C.

; Miyamoto, S.

; Oliveira, C.C.

; Souza-Pinto, N.C.

; Reis, E.M.

; Ronsein, G.E.

; Salinas, R.K.

; Schechtman, D.

; Schreier, S.

; Setubal, J.C.

; Sogayar, M.C.

; Souza, G.M.

; Terra, W.R.

; Truzzi, D.R.

; Ulrich, H.

; Verjovski-Almeida, S.

; Winck, F.V.

; Zingales, B.

; Kowaltowski, A.J.

Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research

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2019, Volume 52 N. 9 elocation e8935

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The scientific publication landscape is changing quickly, with an enormous increase in options and models. Articles can be published in a complex variety of journals that differ in their presentation format (online-only or in-print), editorial organizations that maintain them (commercial and/or society-based), editorial handling (academic or professional editors), editorial board composition (academic or professional), payment options to cover editorial costs (open access or pay-to-read), indexation, visibility, branding, and other aspects. Additionally, online submissions of non-revised versions of manuscripts prior to seeking publication in a peer-reviewed journal (a practice known as pre-printing) are a growing trend in biological sciences. In this changing landscape, researchers in biochemistry and molecular biology must re-think their priorities in terms of scientific output dissemination. The evaluation processes and institutional funding for scientific publications should also be revised accordingly. This article presents the results of discussions within the Department of Biochemistry, University of São Paulo, on this subject.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1414-431x20198935 1769 downloads

Mammary gland health of Santa Inês ewes at the drying and puerperium and evaluation of a dry-off terapy with gentamicin
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Pereira, Priscilla F.V.

; Reway, Ana P.

; Félix, Aline

; Beutemmüller, Edsel A.

; Pretto-Giordano, Lucienne G.

; Alfieri, Amauri A.

; Lisbôa, Júlio A.N.

; Müller, Ernst E.

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira

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dec 2018, Volume 38 N. 12 Pages 2194 - 2200

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: A mastite é um problema sanitário importante em ovelhas da raça Santa Inês, ocasionando prejuízo ao produtor em virtude do descarte de matrizes e da queda no ganho de peso dos cordeiros. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a saúde da glândula mamária de ovelhas da raça Santa Inês na secagem e no puerpério e pesquisar a eficácia da terapia intramamária com gentamicina na secagem. Sessenta e quatro ovelhas foram divididas em grupos controle (GC) e tratamento (GT), cada um contendo 32 animais, e a saúde da glândula mamária avaliada na secagem e no puerpério. As ovelhas do GT receberam 250mg de gentamicina (Gentocin® Mastite Vaca Seca/ Schering-Plough Veterinária, produto indicado pela empresa para utilização em vacas de leite) em cada metade mamária. Para o diagnóstico, foram realizados exame físico da glândula mamária, California Mastitis Test, contagem de células somáticas e cultura do leite. No GC, das 45 (70,3%) metades mamárias sadias na secagem, 12 desenvolveram mastite subclínica e nove mastite clínica no puerpério. No GT, das 51 (79,7%) metades mamárias sadias na secagem, seis desenvolveram mastite subclínica e 11 mastite clínica no puerpério. Não houve associação entre o tratamento e a ocorrência de mastite no puerpério. Das 19 (29,7%) metades mamárias do GC que apresentaram mastite subclínica na secagem, três permaneceram com mastite subclínica e cinco desenvolveram mastite clínica no puerpério. No GT, das 13 (20,3%) metades mamárias com mastite subclínica na secagem, quatro permaneceram com mastite subclínica e quatro desenvolveram mastite clínica. Não houve associação entre o tratamento e a cura ou persistência da mastite no puerpério. Os principais micro-organismos isolados, na secagem e puerpério, de animais com mastite subclínica ou clínica foram Staphylococcus spp., com predominância de Staphylococcus Coagulase Negativa (SCN). No puerpério, ocorreram 29 casos de mastite clínica, sendo 19 com isolamento, 10 com SCN e seis com S. aureus. Mannheimia haemolytica foi isolado em um caso de mastite subclínica e um caso de mastite clínica. Novos protocolos e diferentes formas de manejo na secagem e no puerpério devem ser pesquisados

ABSTRACT: Mastitis represents an important health problem for Santa Inês breed, causing losses to the producer, due to loss of ewes or the decrease in weight gain of lambs. The aim of this work was to assess the health of the mammary gland of Santa Inês ewes at the drying and puerperium and to investigate the efficacy of a dry-off therapy with gentamicin. In this study, 64 ewes were divided in a control group (GC) and treatment group (GT), and the health of the mammary gland was assessed at the drying and puerperium. The GT ewes received 250mg of gentamicin (Gentocin® DryCow/Schering-Plough, product indicated for use in dairy cows) in each mammary half. For diagnosis, clinical examination, California Mastitis Test, somatic cell count and milk culture was performed. In the GC, of the 45 (70.3%) healthy mammary halves at the drying, 12 developed subclinical mastitis and nine clinical mastitis at the puerperium. In the GT, among 51 (79.7%) healthy mammary halves at the drying, six developed subclinical mastitis and 11 clinical mastitis at the puerperium. No association was observed between treatment and the occurrence of mastitis at puerperium. Of the 19 (29.7%) mammary halves of the GC that presented subclinical mastitis at the drying, three remained with subclinical mastitis and five developed clinical mastitis at the puerperium. In the GT, of the 13 (20.3%) mammary halves that had subclinical mastitis at the drying, four remained with subclinical mastitis and four developed clinical mastitis. No association was observed between treatment and cure or persistence of mastitis at the puerperium. The main microorganisms isolated, at the drying and puerperium, from animals with subclinical or clinical mastitis were Staphylococcus spp., predominantly coagulase negative Staphylococcus (CSN). At the puerperium, 29 cases of clinical mastitis occurred, 19 with isolation, where 10 were CNS and six S. aureus. Mannheimia haemolytica was isolated in one case of subclinical mastitis and other of clinical mastitis. News protocols and different ways of handling at drying and at puerperium must be investigated.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-5563 669 downloads

Coherence of brain electrical activity: a quality of life indicator in Alzheimer’s disease?Coerência da atividade elétrica cerebral: indicador da qualidade de vida na doença de Alzheimer?
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Fonseca, Lineu Corrêa

; Tedrus, Gloria M. A. S.

; Rezende, Ana Laura R. A.

; Giordano, Heitor F.

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria

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may 2015, Volume 73 N. 5 Pages 396 - 401

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Objetivo Investigar relações entre qualidade de vida (QV) e aspectos clínico-eletrencefalográficos (EEG) em pacientes com doença de Alzheimer (DA). Método Vinte e oito pacientes com DA, 31 com doença de Parkinson (DP) e 27 controles normais (CN) foram submetidos a avaliações neurocognitivas, escala de depressão de Hamilton e de qualidade de vida para pacientes com DA, questionário de atividades funcionais e medidas do EEG. Resultados A QV foi similar nos grupos DA e DP (31,0 ± 5,8; 31,7 ± 4,8, respectivamente), mas inferior ao CN (37,5 ± 6,3). No grupo DA houve menor coerência inter-hemisférica global teta (CIGT) do que em DP e CN (p < 0,05). Regressão múltipla linear para QV no grupo DA revelou a CIGT e a escala de Hamilton como fatores significativos (coeficientes; 58,2; -0,27, respectivamente; R2, 0,377). Conclusão A CIGT correlaciona-se com a QV independentemente de variáveis cognitivas e funcionais e parece ser um indicador neurofisológico da QV em pacientes com DA.

Objective To investigate the relationships between quality of life (QOL) and clinical and electroencephalogram (EEG) aspects in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Method Twenty-eight patients with mild or moderate AD, 31 with Parkinson’s disease (PD), and 27 normal controls (NC) were submitted to: CERAD neuropsychological battery, Hamilton Depression and Anxiety Rating Scales, Functional Activities Questionnaire, QOL scale for patients with AD, and quantitative EEG measures. Results AD and PD patients had similar QOL (31.0 ± 5.8; 31.7 ± 4.8, respectively), worse than that of NC (37.5 ± 6.3). AD patients had lower global interhemispheric theta coherence (0.49 ± 0.04; 0.52 ± 0.05; 0.52 ± 0.05; respectively) than PD and NC. Multiple linear regression for QOL of AD patients revealed that global interhemispheric theta coherence, and Hamilton depression scores were significant factors (coefficients; 58.2 and -0.27, respectively; R2, 0.377). Conclusion Interhemispheric coherence correlates with QOL regardless of cognitive and functional variables and seems to be a neurophysiological indicator of QOL in AD patients.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0004-282X20150035 2754 downloads

Fatores de risco, etiologia e aspectos clínicos da mastite em ovelhas de corte no Paraná
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Pereira, Priscilla F. V.

; Stotzer, Erika S.

; Pretto-Giordano, Lucienne G.

; Müller, Ernst E.

; Lisbôa, Júlio A. N.

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira

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jan 2014, Volume 34 N. 1 Pages 1 - 10

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

A mastite em ovelhas da raça Santa Inês apresenta-se como um problema de grande proporção e gravidade e é dificilmente tratada com sucesso. O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar aspectos clínicos, epidemiológicos e etiológicos da mastite clínica em ovelhas de corte criadas no norte do Paraná. O presente estudo foi realizado entre os meses de outubro de 2009 a setembro de 2010 envolvendo 54 rebanhos de ovinos de corte de diferentes raças. Durante as visitas às propriedades, um questionário foi preenchido com a finalidade de caracterizar o problema. Setenta ovelhas com mastite clínica foram examinadas e amostras de secreção láctea foram colhidas para exame microbiológico. A mastite foi considerada um problema relevante em 39 propriedades (72,3%), com frequência média de 6,74%. Casos crônicos e agudos de mastite foram observados em 69% e 31% das ovelhas examinadas, respectivamente. Em ambos os casos, a mastite flegmonosa foi a forma mais encontrada (65,5% dos casos). O agente etiológico mais prevalente foi Staphylococcus coagulase negativo (54,5%), seguido por S. aureus e A. pyogenes (11,5% cada). Mannheimia haemolytica foi isolada em dois casos. Sistema de criação não extensivo e raça Santa Inês foram identificados como fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento de mastite clínica. Secagem das fêmeas após 120 dias de lactação e separação de fêmeas doentes do rebanho foram associadas com menor ocorrência da doença. Recomenda-se a limpeza adequada das instalações e a secagem mais tardia, principalmente em rebanhos Santa Inês.

Mastits is infrequent in meat ewes. However Santa Ines ewes have a high incidence of this disease and it is severe and difficult to treat. The goal of this study was to characterize clinical, epidemiological and etiological aspects of clinical mastitis in meat ewes reared in the north of Parana, Brazil. Fifith four farms were visited from October 2009 to September 2010. The surveyed data included frequency, breeds of sheep affected, lamb mortality rates, main clinical signs, attempts and outcome of treatment, method and period of weaning and management features. Seventy ewes with clinical mastitis were fully examinated and samples of mammary secretion were asseptically taken for bacteriological culture. Mastitis was identified in 39 farms (72.3%) as a relevant problem (mean frequency was 6,74%). Chronic and acute mastitis were observed in 69% and 31% of the examinated ewes, respectively. In both cases, phlegmonous mastitis was the most prevalent form (65.5%). Coagulase negative Staphylococccus (CNS) was the main isolated microorganism (54.5%), followed by Staphylococcus aureus and Arcanobacterium pyogenes (11.5%, each one). Mannheimia haemolytica was found in two cases. The risk factors for clinical mastitis were intensive management system and Santa Ines breed. Weaning after 120 days of lactation and isolation of affected ewes were associated with lower frequency of mastitis. Preventive measures recommended are daily cleaning of facilities and delayed weaning, mainly in Santa Ines flocks.

4574 downloads

Kinetic study of the enzymatic hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse
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Carvalho, M. L.

; Sousa Jr., R.

; Rodríguez-Zúñiga, U. F.

; Suarez, C. A. G.

; Rodrigues, D. S.

; Giordano, R. C.

; Giordano, R. L. C.

Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering

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sep 2013, Volume 30 N. 3 Pages 437 - 447

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

This work presents a kinetic study of the enzymatic hydrolysis of three cellulosic substrates: filter paper (FP), used as a low recalcitrance substrate model; steam exploded sugarcane bagasse (SB); and weak acid pretreated SB (1:20 dry bagasse:H2SO4 solution 1% w/w), the last two delignified with 4% NaOH (w/w). The influence of substrate concentration was assessed in hydrolysis experiments in a shaker, using Accellerase® 1500, at pH 4.8, in 50 mM sodium citrate buffer. Cellulose loads (weight substrate/weight total) were changed between 0.5%-13% (for FP) and 0.99%-9.09% (for SB). For FP and low loads of steam exploded SB, it was possible to fit pseudo-homogeneous Michaelis-Menten models (with inhibition). For FP and higher loads of steam exploded SB, modified Michaelis-Menten models were fitted. Besides, it was observed that, after retuning of the model parameters, it is possible to apply a model fitted for one situation to a different case. Chrastil models were also fitted and they were the only feasible approach for the highly recalcitrant acid-treated SB.

8589 downloads Cited 2 times in SciELO

The impact of the number of episodes on the outcome of Bipolar Disorder
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Marzo, S. Di

; Giordano, A.

; Pacchiarotti, I.

; Colom, F.

; Sánchez-Moreno, J.

; Vieta, E.

The European Journal of Psychiatry

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mar 2006, Volume 20 N. 1 Pages 21 - 28

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

BACKGROUND: Bipolar disorder is a highly recurrent severe psychiatric disorder. The number of episodes has been found consistently associated with poor outcome. It has been suggested that bipolar patients with long duration of illness and highly recurrent course show great impairment of global functioning. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study is to assess the clinical course and outcome of patients with bipolar disorder I and II with a high number of mood episodes. METHODS: We compared a group of bipolar I and II subjects whose number of episode was higher than ten (N = 167) with a similar-size representative sample of bipolar patients whose number of episodes was lower or equal than ten (N = 131). RESULTS: Bipolar patients with more than 10 episodes have a more severe outcome of bipolar disorder. Qualification and occupational status was clearly worse for the highly recurrent group which showed a predominance of depressive polarity. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that bipolar patients with a highly recurrent course have significant functional impairment. With the passing of time, bipolar illness tends to be ruled by depressive features. Treatment strategies may need to address this issue.

1571 downloads Cited 1 time in SciELO

Stabilization of penicillin G acylase by immobilization on glutaraldehyde-activated chitosan
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Adriano, W. S.

; Filho, E. H. C.

; Silva, J. A.

; Giordano, R. L. C.

; Gonçalves, L. R.B.

Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering

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dec 2005, Volume 22 N. 4 Pages 529 - 538

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The objective of this work was to study enzyme immobilization on chitosan activated with glutaraldehyde, aiming to produce a cheap biocatalyst. Two different immobilization strategies were studied: one-point and multipoint covalent attachment to the solid matrix. The multipoint covalent attachment derivative had an 82% immobilization yield. It was 4.9-fold more stable than the free enzyme at 50°C and 4.5-fold more stable than soluble enzyme at pH 10.0. The one-point derivative had an 85% immobilization yield. It was 2.7-fold more stable than the free enzyme at 50°C and 3.8-fold more stable than soluble PGA at pH 10.0. Results indicated that chitosan can be loaded with PGA above 330 IU/g. Intraparticle diffusive effects, however, limited hydrolysis of penicillin G catalyzed by those derivatives at 37°C and 25°C. Operational stability assays were performed and the multipoint derivative exhibited a half-life of 40 hours.

6398 downloads Cited 3 times in SciELO

10.

Herança da resistência à mancha-bacteriana em tomateiro
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Lobo, Valácia L. da S.

; Giordano, Leonardo de B.

; Lopes, Carlos A.

Fitopatologia Brasileira

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aug 2005, Volume 30 N. 4 Pages 343 - 349

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

A herança da resistência do tomateiro (Lycopersicon esculentum) à mancha-bacteriana (Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria, raça T2) foi estudada, em condições de campo, cruzando-se os genótipos resistentes 'Ohio 8245' e 'Hawaii 7998' com os genótipos suscetíveis 'CNPH 401-08' e 'CNPH 416.81.01.02', em um esquema dialélico desconsiderando-se os recíprocos. Foram obtidas cinco famílias, cada uma constituída por seis gerações: Genitor1, Genitor2, F1, F2 e os retrocruzamentos (RC1 e RC2). A família 'Ohio 8245 ' Hawaii 7998' apresentou menor média para severidade da doença, seguida por 'Hawaii 7998 ' CNPH 416.81.01.02' e 'Ohio 8245 ' CNPH 416.81.01.02', as quais, apresentaram maiores estimativas de herdabilidade e de predição de ganho por seleção. Em todas combinações, a herança da resistência genética à mancha-bacteriana foi do tipo quantitativa, com estimativa do número de genes variando de quatro a oito genes, conforme a família analisada. Foi observada segregação transgressiva nas famílias 'Ohio 8245 ' CNPH 401-08', 'Hawaii 7998 ' CNPH 401-08' e 'Hawaii 7998 ' CNPH 416.81.01.02'. Os efeitos gênicos foram do tipo aditivo para todas as famílias e os dados ajustados ao modelo aditivo-dominante, com o componente aditivo apresentando maior magnitude.

The inheritance of resistance to bacterial spot (Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria, race T2) in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) was investigated in a field trial. The genotypes 'Ohio 8245' and 'Hawaii 7998' (resistant), 'CNPH 401-08' and 'CNPH 416.81.01.02' (susceptible) were crossed in a diallel scheme without reciprocals. Each cross was labeled as one family, represented by six different generations: Parent1, Parent2, F1, F2 and Backcrosses to parents (BC1 and BC2). The family 'Ohio 8245 ' Hawaii 7998' presented the lowest disease severity, followed by the family 'Hawaii 7998 ' CNPH 416.81.01.02' and by the family 'Ohio 8245 ' CNPH 416.81.01.02'. These last two families showed both higher broad and narrow sense inheritability estimates and the highest prediction of selection gain. The resistance was found to be quantitative, with four to eight genes involved, depending on the family. Transgressive segregation was observed in the 'Ohio 8245 ' CNPH 401-08', the 'Hawaii 7998 ' CNPH 401-08' and the 'Hawaii 7998 ' CNPH 416.81.01.02' families. The relevance of the additive effects was observed and for all the families the data fitted to additive-dominant model, with the additive component showing greater magnitude.

2167 downloads

11.

Seleção de linhagens com tolerância ao calor em germoplasma de tomateiro coletado na região Norte do Brasil
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Giordano, Leonardo de B.

; Boiteux, Leonardo S.

; Silva, João Bosco C. da

; Carrijo, Osmar A.

Horticultura Brasileira

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mar 2005, Volume 23 N. 1 Pages 105 - 107

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

As altas temperaturas nas regiões tropicais e equatoriais induzem uma série de distúrbios morfológicos e/ou fisiológicos em estruturas florais do tomateiro, resultando em menor produtividade devido a maiores taxas de abortamento e má formação de frutos. Neste trabalho foram avaliadas linhagens de tomateiro oriundas de duas populações que vêm sendo cultivadas em Roraima, região Norte do Brasil. Doze linhagens foram obtidas após um ciclo prévio de seleção (em Brasília-DF) em condições de temperatura elevada. A avaliação destas doze linhagens e duas cultivares testemunhas ('Viradoro' e 'Santa Clara') foi conduzida em casa de vegetação com temperaturas média das mínimas de 15ºC e média das máximas de 46,2ºC. Foram observadas diferenças significativas para número de frutos abortados, número de frutos maduros, peso de frutos maduros, teores de sólidos solúveis, firmeza e coloração de frutos. As linhagens (como um grupo) apresentaram melhor desempenho do que as testemunhas 'Viradoro' e 'Santa Clara' para os parâmetros número de frutos abortados, peso, número e coloração de frutos maduros. A metodologia adotada no presente trabalho, permite a identificação de genótipos superiores adaptados ao cultivo em regiões tropicais e equatoriais com elevadas temperaturas.

Heat tolerance is a major trait for tomato breeding programs targeted for lowland wet climates in equatorial and tropical areas of the world. High temperatures might cause several disturbances to morphological and physiological characteristics of the tomato flowers leading to yield constraints due to reduction in fruit setting. In the present work, an experiment was conducted to evaluate tomato breeding lines, derived from two tomato landrace populations cultivated by farmers in Roraima State (North Region of Brazil). Twelve inbred lines were obtained from these populations after one cycle of selection in a plastic house with high temperatures. These 12 inbred lines plus two standard cultivars ('Viradoro' and 'Santa Clara') were evaluated under temperature regimes ranging from 15ºC to 46.2ºC in Brasília. Significant differences were observed for the number of aborted fruits, number of ripened fruits per plant, mature fruit weight, soluble solids content, fruit firmness and color. The performance of the inbred lines (as a group) was, in general, superior to that of the standard cultivars for the number of aborted fruits, number of ripened fruits per plant, mature fruit weigh and fruit color. This genetic material could represent an important germplasm for breeding programs aiming to develop tomato cultivars with good adaptation to tropical and equatorial warm areas.

1606 downloads

12.

Componentes da resistência à mancha-bacteriana e crescimento de Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria, raça T2, em genótipos de tomateiro
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Lobo, Valácia L. da S.

; Lopes, Carlos A.

; Giordano, Leonardo de B.

Fitopatologia Brasileira

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feb 2005, Volume 30 N. 1 Pages 17 - 20

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Componentes da resistência e crescimento da população bacteriana de Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria (Xcv), raça T2, foram quantificados em genótipos de tomateiro (Lycopersicon esculentum) resistentes ('Ohio 8245', 'Agrocica 30' e 'Hawaii 7998') e suscetíveis ('CNPH 401-08'e 'CNPH 416.81.01.02'). A população bacteriana de Xcv evoluiu diferentemente em genótipos resistentes e suscetíveis, atingindo valor até 100 vezes maior no genótipo suscetível 'CNPH 401-08', sete dias após a inoculação. Os componentes de resistência avaliados foram tamanho de lesão, número de lesões, área lesionada e período latente. Os genótipos resistentes e suscetíveis diferiram estatisticamente entre si para todos os componentes avaliados, exceto para o diâmetro da lesão, onde somente o genótipo 'CNPH 416.81.01.02' diferiu dos genótipos resistentes. O período latente foi significativamente diferente em genótipos resistentes e suscetíveis no campo, casa de vegetação e câmara de crescimento, e variou entre seis e 11 dias. Tamanho de lesão não foi um bom indicador para separar genótipos quanto à resistência, por ser um caráter bastante influenciado pelo ambiente. O número de lesões e o período latente apresentaram-se como caracteres fáceis e rápidos de serem avaliados; estes componentes explicam, em grande parte, a resistência observada nos genótipos avaliados pelo sistema de notas.

Resistance components and the growth of Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria (Xcv) were quantified on resistant ('Ohio 8245', 'Agrocica 30' and 'Hawaii 7998') and susceptible ('CNPH 401-08' and 'CNPH 416.81.01.02') tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) genotypes. The bacterial population increased differently on resistant and susceptible groups of genotypes and it was about 100 times higher in the susceptible genotype 'CNPH 401-08', seven days after inoculation. The resistance components evaluated were lesion size, number of lesions, lesion area, and latent period. All the components of resistance were statistically different in resistant and susceptible genotypes, except for lesion size, which discriminated only 'CNPH 416.81.01.02' from resistant genotypes. The latent period varied from six to 11 days in susceptible and resistant genotypes when assessed in the field, greenhouse, and growth chamber. Lesion number and latent period were considered reliable components for evaluating resistance to bacterial spot, in contrast to lesion size, which was unstable and very dependent on environmental conditions.

2068 downloads

13.

Avidity of IgG for rubella: an evaluation of the need for implementation at the Materno-Infantil Presidente Vargas Hospital in Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Reis, M.M.

; Tessaro, M.M.

; Cruz e Silva, J.

; Giordano, S. A.

; d'Azevedo, P.A.

Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases

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jun 2004, Volume 8 N. 3 Pages 249 - 254

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Rubella serum assays performed in the laboratory of the Materno-Infantil Presidente Vargas Hospital (HMIPV) from 1998 to 2002 were reviewed to determine if IgG avidity assays should be implemented. IgG was determined using the Enzyme Linked Fluorescent Assay, ELFA, VIDAS® system, bioMérieux or the Microparticle Enzyme Immunoassay, MEIA, Axsym® system, Abbott, and IgM was determined using the ELFA, VIDAS® system, bioMérieux, a capture format assay. Specific IgG was assayed in 2,863 samples, with positive results for 84% of the patients, for the most part with high levels of antibodies. IgM was assayed in 2,851 samples, being positive in 14 (0.49%) and inconclusive in 25 (0.88%). Serology for toxoplasmosis was also positive or inconclusive in 5 patients. After a cost-effectiveness analysis, it was decided not to implement avidity assays, considering that the HMIPV is a public institution, with limited funding. Difficulties concerning the integration of the Clinical Pathology Service with the Clinical Staff of the institution were also considered.

6985 downloads Cited 1 time in SciELO

14.

Cultivo de embriões de tomate in vitro visando a introgressão de genes de Lycopersicon peruvianum em L. esculentum
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Aragão, Fernando A. S.

; Ribeiro, Cláudia S. da C.

; Casali, Vicente Wagner D.

; Giordano, Leonardo de B.

Horticultura Brasileira

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dec 2002, Volume 20 N. 4 Pages 605 - 610

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Estudou-se diferentes protocolos de germinação e manutenção de híbridos interespecíficos (Lycopersicon esculentum X L. peruvianum) pela melhoria das condições de cultura in vitro bem como da aclimatação das plantas germinadas. Quanto à regeneração dos embriões, três formulações de meios de cultura para resgate de embrião foram avaliadas, em combinação com distintos períodos de tempo. A recuperação de híbridos interespecíficos foi influenciada pelo meio de cultura utilizado para o plaqueamento das sementes e pelo intervalo entre a polinização artificial e o plaqueamento. O meio HLH proporcionou os melhores resultados. O intervalo entre 25 e 35 dias após a polinização foi determinado como sendo o período ideal para recuperação. Para aclimatização, foram avaliadas plantas de L. esculentum, L. peruvianum, híbridos interespecíficos (F1) e das gerações RC1 e RC2. O processo de aclimatização foi influenciado pelo tamanho das gemas utilizadas na repicagem anterior à aclimatização, pelos materiais genéticos utilizados e pelo tempo de manutencão das plântulas em tubo de ensaio. A geracão F1 apresentou a melhor capacidade de aclimatização. O período ideal para aclimatização variou entre 26 e 35 dias após a repicagem em tubo de ensaio. As aclimatizações realizadas sob condições ambientais amenas, alcançaram êxito total quanto à sobrevivência das plântulas.

Three culture media in combination with distinct accessions, crossing generations and periods of time after artificial pollination were evaluated in order to identify more efficient protocols to recover interspecific hybrids between Lycopersicon esculentum and L. peruvianum. Both type of media for seed plating and the interval time for fruit harvest after artificial pollination had significant influence on the recovery of interspecific hybrids. The HLH medium gave the best results. The interval between 25 and 35 days after the artificial pollination was found to be the ideal for recovering interspecific hybrids. For acclimation, the L. esculentum and L. peruvianum plants were evaluated as well as plants of the interspecific hybrids (F1) and those from the RC1 and RC2 generations. This process was affected by the size of the buds used in the seedling transfer before acclimation as well as by the accesses and the time period over which the plantlet was in the test tube. The hybrids presented a better acclimation ability. The ideal period ranged between 26 and 35 days after transferring the seedling to the test tube. The acclimation accomplished under mild environmental conditions improved the plantlet survival.

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15.

Estimation of the volumetric oxygen tranfer coefficient (KLa) from the gas balance and using a neural network technique
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CRUZ, A. J. G.

; SILVA, A. S.

; ARAUJO, M. L. G. C.

; GIORDANO, R. C.

; HOKKA, C. O.

Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering

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jun 1999, Volume 16 N. 2 Pages 179 - 183

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

This paper reports on the use of the gas balance and dynamic methods to obtain an estimate of the volumetric oxygen transfer coefficient (kLa) in a conventional reactor during the growth phase of the microorganism Cephalosporium acremonium. A new way of calculating kLa by the dynamic method employing an electrode with a slow response, is proposed. The calculated values of kLa were used in the training of a feedforward neural network, for which the inputs were the parameter measurements of the related variables. The neural network technique proved effective, predicting values of kLa accurately from input data not used during the training phase. In contrast, the gas balance method was shown to be less useful. This could be attributed to the poor data obtained with the apparatus used to measure the oxygen in the exhaust gas, explained by the low rate of oxygen consumption by the microorganism.

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