ABSTRACT Thousands of seahorses are traded every year as marine ornamental species. Although packing methods for live adult seahorses have already been addressed, there is no information on the transportation of juvenile seahorses. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the possibility of packing and transportation for newly-birthed seahorses. Three batches of newborn long-snout seahorses Hippocampus reidi were transported in three independent events from Ubatuba, north coast of São Paulo, to the city of São Paulo, covering 248 km in each trip, with an average duration of 3.5 h. A mean of 350 offspring of one day old was distributed in 1 L containers with round borders at equal densities, provided with constant aeration by portable pumps. Aeration was kept so that large bubbles would create an ascending flow keeping juveniles in suspension throughout transportation. Values of survival achieved in this study, even after 10 days post-transportation, were surprisingly high, reaching over 70%. No significant shift in water temperature, pH, or salinity was observed for any transportation events. For oxygen levels, although portable pumps were used, a drop of around 15% in DO level was recorded. In view of the trending ornamental fish market, considering the limited swimming capacity of newly born seahorses and that a great number of marine fish undergo a planktonic phase, this study provides important directions to a better understanding on seahorse transportation and yet, directions for the design of new transport methodology for an efficient shipping protocol for other species.

Abstract The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention propose the term long COVID or post-COVID conditions for symptoms that develop during or after COVID-19, continue for at least two months, and are not explained by an alternative diagnosis. In this cross-sectional study, we aimed at estimating the proportion of COVID-19 patients that presented post-COVID conditions, describing their baseline characteristics and main persisting symptoms. We included 497 adult patients who had recovered from mild to moderate COVID-19, using a structured questionnaire, 12 to 16 weeks after disease onset. The cumulative incidence for post-COVID conditions was 47.5% (n=236). The most frequent symptoms were fatigue (n=151, 30.4%) and dyspnea (n=131, 26.4%). After adjusting for covariables male gender was found to be associated with lower odds of post-COVID conditions (OR=0.36, p<0.001). Body Mass Index <20 (OR=0.28, p=0.014) and [30-35[ (OR=0.42, p=0.006) seemed to have less persistent symptoms when compared to [20-25[. No other baseline demographic or clinical features were found to be significantly associated with post-COVID conditions. Our study suggests that post-COVID conditions persist in a large subset of non-severe diseases. Physicians should continue to monitor these patients to identify and treat post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection, particularly in what concerns primary care.

Resumo O Centro para Controlo e Prevenção de Doenças propõe o termo COVID longo ou condições pós-COVID para sintomas desenvolvidos durante ou após a COVID-19 e que persistem pelo menos dois meses, não sendo explicados por outros diagnósticos. Este estudo transversal tem como objetivo determinar a proporção de doentes com condições pós-COVID, descrevendo as suas características demográficas e clínicas e sintomas persistentes mais comuns. Foram incluídos 497 adultos com doença ligeira a moderada por COVID-19, avaliados por questionário estruturado após 12 a 16 semanas da infeção por SARS-CoV-2. A incidência cumulativa de condições pós-COVID foi de 47,5% (n=236). Os sintomas persistentes mais frequentes foram a astenia (n=151, 30,4%) e a dispneia (n=131, 26,4%). Após análise multivariada verificou-se que o sexo masculino está associado a menor incidência de condições pós-COVID (OR=0,36, p<0,001). Constatou-se ainda que índices de massa corporal <20 (OR=0,28, p=0,014) e [30-35[ (OR=0,42, p=0,006) apresentaram menor persistência de sintomas quando comparados com [20-25[. Nenhuma outra característica demográfica ou clínica apresentou associação estatisticamente significativa para condições pós-COVID. O estudo sugere que as condições pós-COVID são frequentes na doença não-severa. O acompanhamento destes doentes deverá manter-se com o intuito de identificar e tratar sequelas pós-infeção aguda por SARS-CoV-2, particularmente no que respeita aos cuidados de saúde primários.

Resumo: O estudo investiga os aspectos epidemiológicos da hepatite B em crianças e adolescentes, discutindo os resultados encontrados à luz dos princípios da bioética. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, retrospectivo, com base em uma série temporal de casos, cujos dados de notificação foram extraídos do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN) e dados de vacinação do Sistema de Informação do Programa Nacional de Imunizações - SIPNI, no período de 2011 a 2020. Foram notificados 889 casos de hepatite B na população de estudo. A maioria dos participantes encontravam-se na faixa etária de 15 a 19 anos 738 (83%), do sexo feminino 549 (62%), cor da pele parda 637 (72%) residentes na zona urbana 490 (55%) e com ensino fundamental incompleto 279 (31%). A provável fonte de infecção foi por via sexual 450 (51%). A forma clínica mais comum foi a Hepatite Crônica 496 (56%). A maioria dos contaminados com Hepatite B foram indivíduos não vacinados 298 (34%). A luz da bioética os resultados demostram que a prática da vacinação pode contemplar os princípios bioéticos, já que o grau de autonomia depende de um tipo de intervenção planejada e quanto maior a relação entre benefício e ônus, tendo em conta os princípios de beneficência e não maleficência, menos decisiva é essa autonomia.

Resumen: El estudio investiga los aspectos epidemiológicos de la hepatitis B en niños y adolescentes, discutiendo los resultados encontrados a la luz de los principios bioéticos. Se trata de un estudio transversal, retrospectivo, basado en una serie temporal de casos, cuyos datos de notificación fueron extraídos del Sistema de Información de Enfermedades de Declaración Obligatoria (SINAN) y datos de vacunación del Sistema de Información del Programa Nacional de Inmunizaciones SIPNI, desde 2011 hasta 2020. Se informaron 889 casos de hepatitis B en la población de estudio. La mayoría de los participantes tenían entre 15 y 19 años 738 (83 %), sexo femenino 549 (62 %), color de piel morena 637 (72 %), residentes en zona urbana 490 (55 ) y con educación primaria incompleta 279 (31 %). La fuente probable de infección fue a través de relaciones sexuales 450 (51%). La forma clínica más frecuente fue la Hepatitis Crónica 496 (56%). La mayoría de los infectados con Hepatitis B eran individuos no vacunados 298 (34%). A la luz de la bioética, los resultados muestran que la práctica de la vacunación puede contemplar principios bioéticos, ya que el grado de autonomía depende de un tipo de intervención planificada y mayor la relación entre beneficio y carga, teniendo en cuenta los principios de beneficencia y no maleficencia, menos decisiva es esta autonomía.

Abstract: The study investigates the epidemiological aspects of hepatitis B in children and adolescents, discussing the results found in the light of bioethical principles. This is a cross-sectional, retrospective study, based on a time series of cases, whose notification data were extracted from the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN) and vaccination data from the National Immunization Program Information System SIPNI, from 2011 to 2020. 889 cases of hepatitis B were reported in the study population. Most participants were aged between 15 and 19 years old 738 (83%), female 549 (62%), brown skin color 637 (72%) living in the urban area 490 (55%) and with incomplete elementary education 279 (31%). The probable source of infection was through sexual intercourse 450 (51%). The most common clinical form was Chronic Hepatitis 496 (56%). Most of those infected with Hepatitis B were unvaccinated individuals 298 (34%). In the light of bioethics, the results show that the practice of vaccination can contemplate bioethical principles, since the degree of autonomy depends on a type of planned intervention and the greater the relationship between benefit and burden, taking into account the principles of beneficence and not maleficence, the less decisive is this autonomy.

Resumo: O presente estudo trata-se de uma análise na literatura sobre o aspecto bioético da autonomia em relação a imunização contra Hepatite B e HPV na adolescência. Foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica baseada no método prisma onde foram incluídos artigos em português e inglês os quais foram pesquisados nas plataformas Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e National Library of Medicine (PUBMED), utilizando os seguintes descritores Hepatitis B Vaccines, bioethics, Humans. Os resultados demostraram a eficiência dos profissionais de saúde no contato com o indivíduo e o convencimento deste através de um diálogo aberto e criação de vínculos. Evidenciou-se ainda o estudo evidenciou o direito a autonomia progressiva do paciente, no qual este ganha o direito a algumas escolhas como as imunizações de doenças sexualmente transmissíveis, como é o caso da Hepatite B e HPV, no entanto é necessário que o adolescente seja instruído sobre a imunização. Assim sendo, reconhece-se o direito a autonomia progressiva do adolescente, referente a escolha das imunizações contra a Hepatite B e HPV, entretanto, deve-se considerar que estes indivíduos sejam instruídos sobre os benefícios individuais e/ou coletivos da vacinação, contemplados por atividades de educação em saúde por profissionais qualificados, objetivando ampliar a cobertura global de imunização com doenças que caracterizam problemas de saúde pública.

Resumen: El presente estudio es un análisis de la literatura sobre el aspecto bioético de la autonomía en relación con la inmunización contra la Hepatitis B y el VPH en la adolescencia. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica basada en el método del prisma, que incluyó artículos en portugués e inglés que fueron buscados en la Biblioteca Científica Electrónica en Línea (SciELO), Literatura Latinoamericana y del Caribe en Ciencias de la Salud (LILACS) y la Biblioteca Nacional de Medicina (PUBMED), utilizando los siguientes descriptores Vacunas Hepatitis B, bioética, Humanos. Los resultados demostraron la eficiencia de los profesionales de la salud en contactar al individuo y convencerlo a través de un diálogo abierto y creación de vínculos. También se evidenció que el estudio evidenció el derecho del paciente a la autonomía progresiva, en la que adquiere el derecho a algunas opciones como las inmunizaciones de enfermedades de transmisión sexual, como la Hepatitis B y el VPH, sin embargo, es necesario que el adolescente sea educado sobre la inmunización. Por lo tanto, se reconoce el derecho del adolescente a la autonomía progresiva, en cuanto a la elección de las vacunas contra la Hepatitis B y el VPH, sin embargo, se debe considerar que estos individuos sean educados sobre los beneficios individuales y/o colectivos de la vacunación, contemplados por las actividades de educación en salud por profesionales calificados, con el objetivo de ampliar la cobertura mundial de inmunización con enfermedades que caracterizan los problemas de salud pública.

Abstract: The present study is an analysis of the literature on the bioethical aspect of autonomy in relation to immunization against Hepatitis B and HPV in adolescence. A bibliographic review was carried out based on the prism method, which included articles in Portuguese and English which were searched on the Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO), Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences (LILACS) and the National Library of Medicine (PUBMED), using the following descriptors Hepatitis B Vaccines, bioethics, Humans. The results demonstrated the efficiency of health professionals in contacting the individual and convincing him/her through an open dialogue and creation of bonds. It was also evidenced the study evidenced the patient’s right to progressive autonomy, in which he gains the right to some choices such as immunizations of sexually transmitted diseases, such as Hepatitis B and HPV, however it is necessary for the adolescent to be educated about immunization. Therefore, the adolescent’s right to progressive autonomy is recognized, regarding the choice of immunizations against Hepatitis B and HPV, however, it must be considered that these individuals are instructed on the individual and/or collective benefits of vaccination, contemplated by health education activities by qualified professionals, aiming to expand the global coverage of immunization with diseases that characterize public health problems.

Abstract Uterine leiomyosarcomas, although rare, are the most frequent histological type of uterine sarcomas, and have a poor prognosis even when diagnosed in early stages. More often they present with abnormal uterine bleeding, pelvic mass and/or pelvic pain, making the differential diagnosis with uterine leiomyomas. Due to its rarity and aggressiveness, there is no consensus regarding the treatment algorithm. We describe the case of a woman who presented a spontaneous rupture of leiomyosarcoma, a rare manifestation with few cases described in the literature.

Resumo Os leiomiossarcomas uterinos, embora raros, são o tipo histológico mais frequente de sarcomas uterinos, associados a um mau prognóstico mesmo quando diagnosticados em estadios iniciais. Mais frequentemente apresentam-se com hemorragia uterino anómala, massa pélvica e/ou dor pélvica, fazendo o diagnóstico diferencial com leiomiomas uterinos. Devido à sua raridade e agressividade, não há consenso quanto ao algoritmo de tratamento. Descrevemos o caso de uma mulher com uma rotura espontânea do leiomiossarcoma, uma manifestação rara com poucos casos descritos na literatura.

ABSTRACT Lettuce seeds usually show germination problems that can be related to dormancy and or thermoinhibition, as well as to the genotype constitution. The knowledge of the temperature at which the thermoinhibition process begins, as well as the influence of the age of the seed on its germination, is extremely important to establish more suitable parameters for the selection of higher genotypes in breeding programs. The objective of this work was to evaluate the seed germination of three lettuce cultivars according to the enviromental temperature and the age of the seeds. The cultivars Everglades (tolerant to thermoinhibition), Luisa (medium tolerant) and Verônica (sensitive) were used. Seeds of each cultivar were evaluated by the standard germination test, first count test, germination speed index and germination test of remaining seeds. The analyses were performed at four environmental temperatures and in seven storage periods after harvest. None of the cultivars showed primary dormancy. The tolerance to thermoinhibition showed by cultivars Everglades and Luisa and the sensitivity of cultivar Verônica were confirmed. The most suitable temperature for differentiating tolerant and sensitive thermoinhibition genotypes occurred from 30.5 ºC and 260 days after harvest.

Este artigo analisa a execução do PMAQ-AB a partir de sua contextualização em um cenário político nacional de profundas transformações, desde o reformismo fraco que promoveu lenta extensão de direitos até o contrarreformismo forte da restauração neoliberal. Para debater os elementos relacionados ao trabalho e às disputas pela distribuição dos recursos públicos, foi realizado estudo de caso com trabalhadores, gestores e conselheiros de saúde em duas capitais do nordeste brasileiro. Os resultados evidenciam o acirramento do conflito distributivo e o resultado desfavorável aos trabalhadores no contexto pós-golpe parlamentar de 2016. As dinâmicas locais expõem processos de contração salarial e individualização das relações de trabalho e a reafirmação da meritocracia como justificativa ideológica da precarização. A isso, trabalhadores se contrapõem pela reafirmação de sua condição coletiva de classe, em favor de benefícios derivados do PMAQ, como recomposição salarial para todos.

This article analyzes the implementation of the Program for Improving Access and Quality of Primary Care (PMAQ-AB) in the context of a national political scenario of deep transformations, from the weak reformism that promoted slow extension of rights to the strong counter-reformism of neoliberal restoration. It is a case study with health workers, managers, and counselors in two capital cities in northeastern Brazil, discussing matters of work and distributive disputes of public resources. Results show the intensification of these conflicts in health and the unfavorable outcome for workers after the parliamentary coup in 2016 political context. Local dynamics expose the wage contraction and individualization of labor relations and the reassertion of meritocracy as an ideological ground for precariousness. Workers oppose this, reaffirming their collective class condition, favoring the benefit derived from PMAQ for fully regaining their group wages.

Este artículo analiza la realización del PMAQ-AB a partir de su contextualización en un escenario político nacional de profundas transformaciones, desde el reformismo débil que promovió una lenta extensión de derechos contra el reformismo fuerte de la restauración neoliberal. Para discutir los elementos relacionados al trabajo y a las disputas por la distribución en los recursos públicos se realizó un estudio de caso con trabajadores, gestores y consejeros de salud en dos capitales del nordeste brasileño. Los resultados ponen en evidencia el recrudecimiento del conflicto distributivo y el resultado desfavorable para los trabajadores en el contexto post-golpe parlamentario de 2016. Las dinámicas locales exponen procesos de contracción salarial e individualización de las relaciones de trabajo y la reafirmación de la meritocracia como justificativa ideológica de la precarización. A eso se contraponen los trabajadores por medio de la reafirmación de su condición colectiva de clase, en favor del beneficio derivado del PMAQ con la recomposición salarial para todos.

ABSTRACT. Removal of lettuce basal leaves is a technique used by the seed industry; however, the effects on seed production and physiological potential are unknown. Genetic dissimilarity is fundamental in the identification of individuals in terms of traits of interest, although it is rarely considered in relation to seeds that are tolerant to thermoinhibition. The aim of this study was to ascertain the relationship between defoliation of lettuce plants and seed yield/physiological quality, as well as the genetic dissimilarity among genotypes with regard to seed thermoinhibition. We used 35 lines of biofortified lettuce, the cultivars Uberlândia 10000, Belíssima, UFU MC BIOFORT1, and Everglades (tolerant to thermoinhibition), and Grand Rapids and Verônica (susceptible to thermoinhibition). The seed yield and physiological quality of the genotypes with and without defoliation were evaluated, artificially aged, and germinated at four temperatures in a factorial arrangement. The genetic dissimilarity was estimated by Tocher graphing and the UPGMA clustering method, based on the Mahalanobis generalized distance (D2 ii). Four UFU genotypes and Grand Rapids had high seed yields. With removal of basal leaves, there was higher seed yield per plant and there was an effect on their physiological quality. The genotypes exhibited genetic variability for thermoinhibition, with UFU-86#2#1#1 and Everglades showing similar performance.

This article analyzes the implementation of the Program for Improving Access and Quality of Primary Care (PMAQ-AB) in the context of a national political scenario of deep transformations, from the weak reformism that promoted slow extension of rights to the strong counter-reformism of neoliberal restoration. It is a case study with health workers, managers, and counselors in two capital cities in northeastern Brazil, discussing matters of work and distributive disputes of public resources. Results show the intensification of these conflicts in health and the unfavorable outcome for workers after the parliamentary coup in 2016 political context. Local dynamics expose the wage contraction and individualization of labor relations and the reassertion of meritocracy as an ideological ground for precariousness. Workers oppose this, reaffirming their collective class condition, favoring the benefit derived from PMAQ for fully regaining their group wages.

Este artículo analiza la realización del PMAQ-AB a partir de su contextualización en un escenario político nacional de profundas transformaciones, desde el reformismo débil que promovió una lenta extensión de derechos contra el reformismo fuerte de la restauración neoliberal. Para discutir los elementos relacionados al trabajo y a las disputas por la distribución en los recursos públicos se realizó un estudio de caso con trabajadores, gestores y consejeros de salud en dos capitales del nordeste brasileño. Los resultados ponen en evidencia el recrudecimiento del conflicto distributivo y el resultado desfavorable para los trabajadores en el contexto post-golpe parlamentario de 2016. Las dinámicas locales exponen procesos de contracción salarial e individualización de las relaciones de trabajo y la reafirmación de la meritocracia como justificativa ideológica de la precarización. A eso se contraponen los trabajadores por medio de la reafirmación de su condición colectiva de clase, en favor del beneficio derivado del PMAQ con la recomposición salarial para todos.

Este artigo analisa a execução do PMAQ-AB a partir de sua contextualização em um cenário político nacional de profundas transformações, desde o reformismo fraco que promoveu lenta extensão de direitos até o contrarreformismo forte da restauração neoliberal. Para debater os elementos relacionados ao trabalho e às disputas pela distribuição dos recursos públicos, foi realizado estudo de caso com trabalhadores, gestores e conselheiros de saúde em duas capitais do nordeste brasileiro. Os resultados evidenciam o acirramento do conflito distributivo e o resultado desfavorável aos trabalhadores no contexto pós-golpe parlamentar de 2016. As dinâmicas locais expõem processos de contração salarial e individualização das relações de trabalho e a reafirmação da meritocracia como justificativa ideológica da precarização. A isso, trabalhadores se contrapõem pela reafirmação de sua condição coletiva de classe, em favor de benefícios derivados do PMAQ, como recomposição salarial para todos.

Abstract: The thermoinhibition of lettuce seed germination causes important losses for producers, who do not have thermotolerant commercial cultivars. One of the obstacles has been the scarcity of optimizing techniques capable of efficiently discriminating thermotolerant and thermosensitive cultivars. The aim of this work was to evaluate the use of neural networks to discriminate different levels of thermoinhibition in lettuce seeds. Seeds of 18 cultivars were evaluated for thermoinhibition considering the characteristics of the first and last germination count and germination speed index, in seeds subjected to temperatures of 20, 25, 30 and 35 °C. The remaining seeds, which did not germinate, were subjected to the tetrazolium test. Analyses were performed immediately after seed harvesting and repeated after six months of storage. Discriminant analysis was performed and the Kohonen’s Self-Organizing Map (SOM) was created using Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). Neural networks discriminate lettuce cultivars and organizes them in terms of seed thermoinhibition tolerance through Kohonen’s Self-Organizing Map. Discriminant analysis consistently identifies the Everglades and Luiza genotypes as tolerant to thermoinhibition.

Resumo: A termoinibição causa perdas importantes para os produtores, os quais não dispõem de cultivares comerciais com sementes termotolerantes. Há escassez de técnicas otimizadoras capazes de discriminar cultivares termotolerantes e termosensíveis com eficiência. Objetivou-se avaliar o uso de redes neurais para discriminar diferentes níveis de termoinibição em sementes de alface. Foram avaliadas sementes de 18 cultivares quanto à termoinibição considerando às características de primeira e última contagem de germinação e índice de velocidade de germinação, em sementes submetidas às temperaturas de 20, 25, 30 e 35 °C. As sementes remanescentes, que não germinaram, foram submetidas ao teste de tetrazólio. As análises foram realizadas imediatamente após a colheita das sementes e repetidas após seis meses de armazenamento. Uma análise discriminante e o Mapa Auto-Organizável de Kohonen (SOM) por Redes Neurais Artificiais (RNA’s) foram realizados. As redes neurais discriminam as cultivares de alface e as organiza quanto a tolerância a termoinibição das sementes por meio do Mapa Auto-Organizável de Kohonen. A análise discriminante indentifica de maneira coerente o genótipo Everglades e Luiza como tolerantes a termoinibição.

Abstract To control urban pests, especially cockroaches of the Periplaneta americana species, various pesticides have been developed that are increasingly potent and effective. However, the unrestrained application of pesticides has had negative consequences, such as the disappearance of some useful insect species and, consequently, the appearance of new pests, both in the countryside and cities. Due to the current scenario, it was necessary to search for new alternatives for the control of these insects. Among the species studied, Copaíba stood out. The oils were analyzed using GC-MS, b-caryophyllene and a-bergamotene being the predominant compounds. Repellency tests were performed with three different concentrations of C. officinalis and C. reticulata, 500 μg/mL, 250 μg/mL and 125 μg/mL, in triplicate. It can be observed that the oil of C. officinalis was more repellent to the nymphs at concentrations of 500 μg/mL and 250 μg/mL, however, when the behavior in nymphs exposed to the concentration of 125 μg/mL was compared, it was noted that C. reticulata oil was more repellent at this concentration. Copaifera has shown promising activity as a repellent against arthropods owing to the complex chemical composition of its oils.

ABSTRACT There is a need for greater knowledge about the medium- and long-term effects of prescribed fire management on soil in ecosystems prone to wildfires and more vulnerable to climate change. This study examined the short- and medium-term effects of prescribed fire on soil chemical properties and chemical fractions of soil organic matter (SOM) in two positions of the landscape in a high-elevation grassland environment. The ecosystem is located in the mountain peaks of southeastern Brazil associated with the Atlantic Forest biome. Prescribed fire was conducted in 2017 to reduce understory vegetation and thus prevent potential severe wildfires. Soil samples were collected at the layers of 0.00-0.10, 0.10-0.20, and 0.20-0.40 m, at eight composite sampling. The composite samples were collected on five different occasions: before the prescribed fire, and 10, 30, 90, and 240 days after the prescribed fire. Soil chemical properties, total organic carbon, labile C, and chemical fractionation of SOM were analyzed. All soil properties investigated were affected by the prescribed fire, with variations in landscape position, duration of effect, and soil layer. In the backslope area, the medium-term effect of fire was negative and induced soil degradation and induced soil degradation. In the footslope area, the system showed greater resilience to the effects of fire, as indicated by the recovery of the soil’s chemical properties. These results can help assess the suitability of controlled burning of vegetation for managing risks of fire in mountainous regions, such as high-elevation grasslands.

Abstract Background: Echinometra lucunter is a sea urchin commonly found on America’s rocky shores. Its coelomic fluid contains molecules used for defense and biological processes, which may have therapeutic potential for the treatment of amyloid-based neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's, that currently have few drug options available. Methods: In this study, we incubated E. lucunter coelomic fluid (ELCF) and fractions obtained by solid phase extraction in SH-SY5Y neuron-like cells to evaluate their effect on cell viability caused by the oligomerized amyloid peptide 42 (Aβ42o). Moreover, the Aβ42o was quantified after the incubation with ELCF fractions in the presence or not of cells, to evaluate if samples could cause amyloid peptide disaggregation. Antioxidant activity was determined in ELCF fractions, and cells were evaluated to check the oxidative stress after incubation with samples. The most relevant fraction was analyzed by mass spectrometry for identification of molecules. Results: ELCF and certain fractions could prevent and treat the reduction of cell viability caused by Aβ42o in SH-SY5Y neuron-like cells. We found that one fraction (El50) reduced the oligomerized Aβ42 and the oxidative stress caused by the amyloid peptide through its antioxidant molecules, which in turn reduced cell death. Mass spectrometry analysis revealed that El50 comprises small molecules containing flavonoid antioxidants, such as phenylpyridazine and dihydroquercetin, and two peptides. Conclusion: Our results suggest that sea urchin molecules may interact with Aβ42o and oxidative stress, preventing or treating neurotoxicity, which may be useful in treating dementia.

Resumo As lesões traumáticas da aorta (LTA) torácica estão associadas a altas taxas de morbimortalidade. São classificadas de acordo com a extensão do dano, e a angiotomografia computadorizada tem as maiores sensibilidade e especificidade para identificar o grau de lesão e potenciais lesões associadas. As estratégias terapêuticas para LTA são baseadas no tipo de lesão, na extensão e nas lesões associadas. Pode auxiliar na definição de conduta também o grau de estabilidade do paciente, podendo ser manejo cirúrgico convencional, endovascular (TEVAR) ou conservador em casos selecionados. Entre os pacientes com anatomia vascular adequada, a cirurgia endovascular está associada a melhor sobrevida e a menos riscos. O objetivo deste artigo foi descrever uma série de quatro casos acompanhados em serviço terciário, em um estado com poucos serviços de alta complexidade. A terapêutica endovascular foi empregada como método preferencial. Os pacientes apresentaram evolução favorável sem complicações até a alta e encontram-se em acompanhamento ambulatorial. (LTA morbimortalidade dano paciente convencional TEVAR (TEVAR selecionados adequada riscos terciário complexidade preferencial encontramse encontram se ambulatorial

Abstract Traumatic thoracic aortic injuries (TTAI) are associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. They are classified according to the extent of damage and computed tomography angiography has the highest sensitivity and specificity for identifying the degree of injury and potential associated lesions. Treatment strategies for TTAI are based on the type and extent of injury and associated lesions. The patient’s degree of stability can also help to define the choice of treatment, which can be conventional or endovascular surgery (EVAR) or even conservative management in selected cases. Among patients with adequate vascular anatomy, endovascular surgery is associated with better survival and fewer risks. The objective of this article is to describe a series of four cases followed up at a tertiary service in a Brazilian state that has few centers that provide high complexity care. Endovascular therapy was employed as the preferred method. All four patients had favorable outcomes, with no complications up to discharge, and are currently in outpatient follow-up. (TTAI mortality lesions patient s treatment EVAR (EVAR anatomy risks care method outcomes discharge followup. followup follow up. follow-up

Resumo O acesso à água é um direito de todas as pessoas, e agências governamentais são responsáveis por alocar a água para garantir seu uso sustentável para múltiplos usuários. No entanto, decidir a melhor estratégia de alocação não é uma tarefa simples, pois em sistemas complexos, que dependem de uma série de decisões individuais por parte das pessoas, as políticas de água podem ter impactos imprevisíveis. Considerando a alocação de água em um corpo hídrico, apresentamos um modelo baseado em agentes que aloca água e possui uma estratégia de comportamento adaptável dos agentes de sobrepor a decisão do gestor quando os direitos de água são negados. Realizamos uma comparação de cenários da susceptibilidade dos agricultores em sobrepor e da disponibilidade de água no Canal do Sertão, no estado de Alagoas, nordeste do Brasil. No cenário de capacidade reduzida de água, os agentes com direitos de água nos últimos segmentos do canal foram incapazes de retirar água devido a agentes que a retiraram ilegalmente. A sustentabilidade do sistema mostrou-se sensível ao nível de susceptibilidade de captura de água ilegal, merecendo atenção e investimentos no setor de fiscalização. Além do efeito estudado, o modelo pode ser aplicado para avaliar e comparar vantagens e impactos nos níveis de água para diferentes políticas de água, como subsídios financeiros e créditos, ou diferentes estratégias de alocação de água. pessoas usuários entanto simples complexos imprevisíveis hídrico negados Sertão Alagoas Brasil ilegalmente mostrouse mostrou se ilegal fiscalização estudado créditos

Abstract As access to water is a right of all people, government agents are responsible to allocate water to guarantee its sustainable use for multiple users. However, deciding the best allocation strategy is not a straightforward task. In complex systems, which depend on a collection of individual decisions by people, water policies may have unpredictable impacts. Considering the water allocation in a water canal, we present an agent-based model that allocates water and incorporates an agents’ adaptability behaviour strategy of overriding the manager's decision when water right is denied. We compared scenarios of farmers' override susceptibility and of water availability on the Canal do Sertão in the state of Alagoas, northeastern Brazil. In the scenario of reduced water capacity, agents with water rights in the last segments of the canal were unable to withdraw water due to agents who withdrew illegally. The sustainability of the system proved to be sensitive to the level of susceptibility of capturing water illegally, deserving attention and investments in the oversight sector. Besides this effect, the model can be applied to assess and compare advantages and impacts on the water levels for different water policies such as financial subsidies or different water allocation strategies. people users However task systems agentbased agent based managers manager s denied farmers Alagoas Brazil capacity illegally sector effect strategies