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Resumen: A veces existen límites claros y naturales del campo de acción de una ciencia, y en otros casos son simples límites de conveniencia. La Ciencia de la Información Geográfica (CIG) es una ciencia transversal, que tiene contactos con todas las geociencias y con diversas ciencias formales como las Matemáticas, la Lógica y la Informática. Una primera aproximación razonable a los límites de una ciencia sería a través de su definición. Sin embargo, las definiciones existentes de CIG a menudo son tan amplias que han sido criticadas con razón por practicar el gerrymandering, en particular con el resto de las geociencias. Para evitar el gerrymandering se propone una definición operacional que ubica a la CIG entre las ciencias que manejan Datos y no Información. Esto resuelve el problema del gerrymandering sin implicar realmente un recorte significativo de lo que normalmente se considera dentro de CIG. Una consecuencia no prevista es que esto permitirá caracterizar a la CIG como Ciencia Formal.

Abstract: Sometimes there are clear and natural limits to the scope of action of a science, and in other cases they are simply convenient ones. Geographic Information Science (GISc) is a transversal science, with contacts with all geosciences but also with various formal sciences such as Mathematics, Logic and Computer Science. A first approach to specifying the limits of a science is through its definition. Definitions of GISc are often so expansive that they have been rightly criticized for practicing gerrymandering, in particular with the rest of the geosciences. To avoid this, an operational definition is proposed that places GISc among the sciences that handle Data and not Information. This solves the gerrymandering problem without really implying a significant cut of what is usually considered within GISc. As an unforeseen consequence, this delimitation will allow it to be characterized as Formal Science, leaving it as the only geoscience with this characteristic.

https://doi.org/10.35424/rcarto.i1070.4669

Sobrevivencia in vitro de segmentos nodales de Cordia trichotoma
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Díaz-Lezcano, Maura Isabel

; Duarte-Asilvera, Angel Manuel

; Gonzalez-Segnana, Luis

; Ortiz, Mirtha Lucía Vera de

Agronomía Costarricense

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dec 2023, Volume 47 N. 2 Pages 57 - 66

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Introduction. The present work was carried out to evaluate segments of Cordia trichotoma in the Biotechnology Laboratory of the Agrarian Sciences Faculty of the National University of Asunción, Paraguay. Objective. To evaluate the survival of nodal segments of Cordia trichotoma (peterevy) cultivated in vitro. Materials and methods. 80 nodal segments were planted in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium and MS+CA 2 ml.l-1 culture medium, distributed in experimental units consisting of 5 nodal segments per experimental unit, exposed to 4 treatments with 4 replicates each. A completely randomized experimental design was used and in order to determine the survival of the segments microbial contamination and phenolic oxidation were evaluated. Statistical analysis consisted of ANOVA with a 5% significance level and the Chi-square test for fidelity analysis. Results. A microbial contamination of up to 20% of nodal segments was recorded, while phenolic oxidation remained in a range of 40 to 45%, as the greatest limitation. Conclusion. 30 days after sowing, the survival of nodal segments was between 35 to 55%, it was verified that segments with shoots and indifferent sprouting segments were free of microbial contamination and phenolic oxidation, although no significant differences were found.

Resumen Introducción. El presente trabajo se llevó a cabo para evaluar segmentos de Cordia trichotoma en el Laboratorio de Biotecnología de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias de la Universidad Nacional de Asunción, Paraguay. Objetivo. Evaluar la sobrevivencia de segmentos nodales de Cordia trichotoma (peterevy) cultivados in vitro. Materiales y métodos. Fueron sembrados 80 segmentos nodales en medio Murashige y Skoog (MS) y medio de cultivo MS+CA 2 ml.l-1, distribuidos en unidades experimentales constituidas por 5 segmentos nodales por unidad experimental, expuestos a 4 tratamientos con 4 repeticiones cada uno. El diseño experimental utilizado fue completamente al azar y las variables evaluadas fueron la contaminación microbiana y oxidación fenólica para determinar la sobrevivencia de los segmentos. El análisis estadístico consistió en ANAVA con un nivel de significancia del 5% y la prueba de Chi cuadrado para el análisis de fidelidad. Resultados. Se registró una contaminación microbiana de hasta 20% de segmentos nodales, en tanto que la oxidación fenólica se mantuvo en un rango de 40 a 45%, como la mayor limitante. Conclusión. 30 días posteriores a la siembra, la sobrevivencia de los segmentos nodales fue entre 35 a 55%, se verificó que los segmentos con brotes y los segmentos indiferentes de brotación estaban libres de contaminación microbiana y oxidación fenólica, aunque no registraron diferencias estadísticas significativas.

https://doi.org/10.15517/rac.v47i2.56132

Sistema de riego inteligente para el mantenimiento de áreas verdes en una institución educativa
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Jaramillo Chamba, Daniel Armando

; Gonzalez, Washington Virgilio Panchana

; Calva, Angel Yoel Cumbicos

; Molina, Nevison Eduardo Escudero

Revista Científica y Tecnológica UPSE (RCTU)

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dec 2023, Volume 10 N. 2 Pages 50 - 63

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract In this study, the effectiveness of a smart irrigation system was evaluated compared to a conventional irrigation system in maintaining green areas in an educational institution. An experimental design with two treatments and four replications was used during the months of June to October. The results indicate that the smart irrigation system was more effective in maintaining green areas compared to the conventional irrigation system. It is concluded that the use of automation in an irrigation system can improve grass growth and reduce weed presence in green areas in an educational institution, which can lead to more efficient water use and a reduction in maintenance costs. This study may have important implications for the management of green areas in educational institutions and other public spaces.

Resumen En este estudio se evaluó la efectividad de un sistema de riego inteligente en comparación con un sistema de riego convencional en el mantenimiento de áreas verdes en una institución educativa local. Se utilizó un diseño experimental que permita comparar el crecimiento del césped versus la maleza programando frecuencias de riego durante los meses de junio a octubre. Los resultados indican que el sistema de riego inteligente fue más efectivo en el mantenimiento de áreas verdes en comparación con el sistema de riego convencional. Se concluye que el uso de la automatización en un sistema de riego puede mejorar el crecimiento del césped y reducir la presencia de maleza en áreas verdes en una institución educativa, lo que puede llevar a un uso más eficiente del agua y una reducción en los costos de mantenimiento. Este estudio puede tener implicaciones importantes para la gestión de áreas verdes en instituciones educativas y otros espacios públicos.

https://doi.org/10.26423/rctu.v10i2.740

Mechanisms associated with endosperm modification in quality protein maize
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Gonzalez-Nuñez, David Guillermo

; Pineda-Hidalgo, Karen Virginia

; Salazar-Salas, Nancy Yareli

; Lopez-Valenzuela, Jose Angel

Biotecnia

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aug 2023, Volume 25 N. 2 Pages 79 - 89

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen El maíz de calidad proteínica (MCP) combina la calidad proteínica de la mutante opaco-2 (o2) con un endospermo vítreo. Estas características han permitido a los programas de mejoramiento alrededor del mundo producir genotipos MCP que ayudan a aliviar la malnutrición de la gente en países en desarrollo de África, Asia y América Latina con una dieta basada en cereales. Sin embargo, el desarrollo de estos materiales ha sido poco eficiente debido al limitado conocimiento acerca de las bases moleculares de la conversión del endospermo suave o2 en un fenotipo vítreo en MCP. Esta conversión se ha asociado con el incremento en cuerpos proteínicos pequeños ricos en γ-zeína de 27 kDa, la síntesis de almidón con una mayor proporción de amilosa y ramificaciones de amilopectina cortas-intermedias que favorece la compactación de los gránulos de almidón, así como alteraciones en la envoltura de los amiloplastos que favorece la interacción entre gránulos de almidón y cuerpos proteínicos. Estudios adicionales sobre los mecanismos involucrados en la modificación del endospermo en MCP contribuirán a producir materiales con buenas características agronómicas y buena calidad proteínica.

Abstract Quality protein maize (QPM) combines the protein quality of the opaque-2 (o2) mutant with a vitreous endosperm. These characteristics have allowed breeding programs worldwide to produce QPM genotypes that help alleviate malnutrition of people in developing countries from Africa, Asia and Latin America with a cereal-based diet. However, the development of these materials has been inefficient due to the limited knowledge about the molecular basis of the soft o2 endosperm conversion into a vitreous phenotype in QPM. This conversion has been associated with an increase in small protein bodies rich in 27 kDa γ-zein, the synthesis of starch with a higher proportion of amylose and short-intermediate amylopectin chain branches that favors the compaction of the starch granules, as well as alterations in the amyloplast envelope that favors the interaction between starch granules and protein bodies. Additional studies about the mechanisms involved in the modification of the endosperm in QPM will contribute to produce materials with good agronomic characteristics and protein quality.

https://doi.org/10.18633/biotecnia.v25i2.1905

24-Epibrasinólido (24-EBL) como inductor de enraizamiento de esquejes de arándano azul en diferentes sustratos
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Chavez-Gonzalez, Judith Libertad

; Lopez-Perez, Luis

; España-Boquera, María Luisa

; Pedraza-Santos, Martha Elena

; Rebollar-Alviter, Ángel

; Cárdenas-Navarro, Raúl

Revista mexicana de ciencias agrícolas

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feb 2023, Volume 14 N. 1 Pages 63 - 74

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Los brasinoesteroides son fitohormonas esteroidales que se han utilizado ampliamente en la agricultura, se han realizado pocos estudios sobre el efecto que pueden tener para inducir la formación de raíces en esquejes de arándano (Vaccinium corymbosum). El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar el efecto del 24-epibrasinolide (24-EBL) a distintas concentraciones (0, 20, 40 y 60 µg L-1) y del sustrato sobre el enraizamiento de esquejes, se utilizó mezcla de arena de río y tezontle (AT), turba (Peat Moss®) y perlita (PMP), mezcla de fibra de coco y perlita (FCP), turba (Peat Moss®) (PM) y fibra de coco (FC). Las variables evaluadas a los 30 días después de establecido del experimento, fueron porcentaje de supervivencia (%SE), porcentaje de esquejes enraizados (%ER), número de raíces por esqueje (NR), longitud de raíz principal (LRP) y longitud total del sistema radicular (LTR). Los datos obtenidos se sometieron a análisis de varianza y comparación de medias con la prueba de Tukey. Los resultados mostraron que los esquejes de arándano con 24-EBL a una concentración de 60 µg L-1 en sustrato de AT presentan 84.7% de supervivencia y 67.76% de esquejes enraizado. Los esquejes expuestos a 24-EBL a una concentración 40 y 60 µg L-1 insertada en sustrato de mezcla de AT presentaron una mayor longitud de raíz y más raíces por esqueje en comparación con otros sustratos. Se concluye que el 24- EBL induce la formación de raíces en esquejes de plantas de arándano en sustrato de AT.

Abstract Brassinosteroids are steroidal phytohormones that have been widely used in agriculture, few studies on the effect they can have in inducing root formation in blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum) cuttings have been conducted. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of 24-epibrasinolide (24-EBL) at different concentrations (0, 20, 40 and 60 μg L-1) and of the substrate on the rooting of cuttings, a mixture of river sand and tezontle (ST), peat (Peat Moss®) and perlite (PMP), a mixture of coconut fiber and perlite (CFP), peat (Peat Moss®) (PM) and coconut fiber (CF). The variables evaluated 30 days after the establishment of the experiment were percentage of survival (%SC), percentage of rooted cuttings (%RC), number of roots per cutting (NR), main root length (MRL) and total length of the root system (TLR). The data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance and comparison of means with the Tukey test. The results showed that blueberry cuttings with 24-EBL at a concentration of 60 μg L-1 in ST substrate have 84.7% of survival and 67.76% of rooted cuttings. Cuttings exposed to 24-EBL at a concentration of 40 and 60 μg L-1 inserted in substrate of ST mixture had a longer root length and more roots per cutting compared to other substrates. It is concluded that 24-EBL induces root formation in cuttings of blueberry plants in ST substrate.

https://doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v14i1.3115

Compared efficacy of rituximab, abatacept, and tocilizumab in patients with rheumatoid arthritis refractory to methotrexate or TNF inhibitors agents: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
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Pugliesi, Alisson

; Oliveira, Amanda Borges de

; Oliveira, Ana Beatrice

; Xavier, Ricardo

; Mota, Licia Maria Henrique da

; Bertolo, Manoel Barros

; Gonzalez-Gay, Miguel Angel

; Citera, Gustavo

; Carvalho, Luiz Sergio Fernandes de

Advances in Rheumatology

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2023, Volume 63 elocation 30

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Background Our aim was to compare the efficacy of rituximab, tocilizumab, and abatacept in individuals with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) refractory to treatments with MTX or TNFi agents. Methods We searched 6 databases until January 2023 for phase 2–4 RCTs evaluating patients with RA refractory to MTX or TNFi therapy treated with rituximab, abatacept, and tocilizumab (intervention arm) compared to controls. Study data were independently assessed by two investigators. The primary outcome was considered as achieving ACR70 response. Results The meta-analysis included 19 RCTs, with 7,835 patients and a mean study duration of 1.2 years. Hazard ratios for achieving an ACR70 response at six months were not different among the bDMARDs, however, we found high heterogeneity. Three factors showing a critical imbalance among the bDMARD classes were identified: baseline HAQ score, study duration, and frequency of TNFi treatment in control arm. Multivariate meta-regression adjusted to these three factors were conducted for the relative risk (RR) for ACR70. Thus, heterogeneity was attenuated (I2 = 24%) and the explanatory power of the model increased (R2 = 85%). In this model, rituximab did not modify the chance of achieving an ACR70 response compared to abatacept (RR = 1.773, 95%CI 0.113–10.21, p = 0.765). In contrast, abatacept was associated with RR = 2.217 (95%CI 1.554–3.161, p < 0.001) for ACR70 compared to tocilizumab. Conclusion We found high heterogeneity among studies comparing rituximab, abatacept, and tocilizumab. On multivariate metaregressions, if the conditions of the RCTs were similar, we estimate that abatacept could increase the chance of reaching an ACR70 response by 2.2-fold compared to tocilizumab. Key messages Abatacept could increase the chance of reaching an ACR70 response by 2.2-fold compared to tocilizumab.

https://doi.org/10.1186/s42358-023-00298-z

Mapping of SARS-CoV-2 in Waldeyer’s lymphatic ring and visceral biopsies: the age and the illness duration’s impact
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Alba, Jose Ramón

; Zapater, Enrique

; Martin, Cristina

; Ocete, Dolores

; Gonzalez-Cruz, Alfonso

; Angel-de-Miguel, Angel

; Ferrer, Carolina

; Oishi, Natsuki

Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology

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2023, Volume 89 N. 6 elocation 101317

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Objective: To study the impact of age and the interval between disease diagnosis and death on the organotropism of SARS-CoV-2. Method: Patients underwent post-mortem biopsies from lungs, Waldeyer ring, heart, liver, kidneys and bone marrow between 2020–2021. SARS-CoV-2 organotropism was mapped by using molecular RT-PCR analyses for SARS-CoV2 targeting the Envelope gene (E), the RNA Polymerase Gene (RdRp), and the Nucleocapsid gene (N). Statistical and linear regression analysis was performed to study the impact of age and illness duration in SARS-CoV-2 organotropism. Results: We performed 158 postmortem biopsies in 21 patients, with a mean age of 76 years old. The mean interval between the diagnosis of the infection to the death was 23 days. The RNA of the SARS-CoV-2 was detected in 100% of lung biopsies, 76%–82% of Waldeyer’s ring biopsies, 55% of heart biopsies, 40% of kidney biopsies, 33% of liver and 25% of bone marrow biopsies. Patients who died before the day 9, presented extensive visceral dissemination of SARS-CoV-2 RNA. Most of the patients older than 80 years (90%) presented visceral dissemination of SARS-CoV-2 RNA, while among younger patients, only 3/11 patients presented visceral dissemination of the virus. The relationship between “age” and “illness duration” and multitropism of the virus was statistically significant (p< 0.001). Conclusion: Disease interval and age were factors that were significantly associated with RT-PCR positive results in multiple organs. Critical COVID-19 patients have multiorganic viral dissemination in early stages. In the critical older patients, multiorganic viral dissemination is the rule. Level of evidence: 4. Case Series.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjorl.2023.101317

Impacto sobre la incidencia de la tuberculosis en Cuba, 1994-2015
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García Cortina, José Ramón

; Ferrán Torres, Rita María

; Gonzalez Dias, Alexander

; Martínez Morales, Miguel Ángel

; González Ochoa, Edilberto

Revista Cubana de Salud Pública

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jun 2022, Volume 48 N. 2 elocation e2388

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT Introduction: Incidence is critical to assess the burden of tuberculosis. Objective: Assess the impact of the "National Program of Tuberculosis Control " on the incidence of tuberculosis in Cuba in the period 1994-2015. Methods: Study of time series of tuberculosis incidence in the period 1994-2015. The exponential trend and variations in the trends of new cases reported in Cuba and its provinces were estimated; also the annual totals and averages for the periods 1994-1999, 1999-2015 and 1994-2015. The absolute and relative differences between the Cuban provinces from 1994-2015 were calculated. Results: The overall trend of the rate was downward. The period from 1994-1999 had a reduction of -0.33x100 000 (-505 cases) and between 1999 and 2015 it was -0.42 (-448 cases). The average annual reduction between 1994-1999 was -0.07 and from 1999-2015 it was -0.03. In 1994, 1999 and 2015, 1616 cases (14.7), 1111 (10.0) and 651 (5.8) were reported, respectively. In 1994 the highest rate corresponded to the province of Cienfuegos (23.1) with a percentage population attributable risk of 65.8%. In 1999 and 2015, the highest rates occurred in Ciego de Ávila (18.3) and (9.5), respectively (percentage population attributable risk of 60.7% in 1999 and 75.8% in 2015). In 1994 and 1999 all provinces had rates > 5.0. In 2015, eight provinces showed rates < 5.0. In 1999 the province with the greatest variation in its annual rate was Cienfuegos (-0.65) and in 2015 Camagüey (-0.73). Conclusions: The "National Program of Tuberculosis Control " in Cuba obtained until 2015 a discreet sustained decrease in the incidence of the disease in the country; but it is not enough to achieve its elimination, so new differentiated and prioritized interventions are required.

RESUMEN Introducción: La incidencia es fundamental para evaluar la carga de tuberculosis. Objetivo: Valorar el impacto del “Programa Nacional de Control de la Tuberculosis” en la incidencia de la tuberculosis en Cuba en el periodo 1994-2015. Métodos: Estudio de series temporales de la incidencia de tuberculosis en el periodo 1994-2015. Se estimó la tendencia exponencial y las variaciones de las tendencias de casos nuevos notificados en Cuba y sus provincias; los totales y medias anuales de los periodos 1994-1999, 1999-2015 y 1994-2015. Se calcularon las diferencias absolutas y relativas entre las provincias cubanas desde 1994-2015. Resultados: La tendencia general de la tasa fue descendente. El periodo de 1994-1999 visualizó una reducción de -0,33x100 000(-505 casos) y entre 1999 y 2015 fue de -0,42(-448 casos). La reducción media anual entre 1994-1999 fue de -0,07 y de 1999-2015 fue de -0,03. En 1994, 1999 y 2015 se notificaron 1616 casos (14,7), 1111(10,0) y 651(5,8), respectivamente. En 1994 la mayor tasa correspondió a la provincia de Cienfuegos (23,1) con riesgo atribuible poblacional porcentual del 65,8 %. En 1999 y 2015 las mayores tasas se presentaron en Ciego de Ávila (18,3) y (9,5), respectivamente (riesgo atribuible poblacional porcentual del 60,7 % en 1999 y del 75,8 % en 2015). En 1994 y 1999 todas las provincias tuvieron tasas > 5,0. En 2015, ocho provincias mostraron tasas < 5,0. En 1999 la provincia con mayor variación de su tasa anual fue Cienfuegos (-0,65) y en 2015 Camagüey (-0,73). Conclusiones: El “Programa Nacional de Control de la Tuberculosis” en Cuba obtuvo hasta el 2015 una discreta disminución sostenida de la incidencia de la enfermedad en el país; pero no es suficiente para lograr su eliminación, por lo que se requieren nuevas intervenciones diferenciadas y priorizadas.

Evaluación ambiental asistida por computador del proceso de producción de hidromiel a escala piloto en el Departamento de Boyacá y Bolívar (Colombia)
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Gonzalez-Delgado, Angel

; Cuenca, Martha

; Martinez, Edwin

; Rincón, Brahian

Ingeniería y competitividad

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jun 2022, Volume 24 N. 1 elocation e22111112

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen El desarrollo de procesos y actividades industriales que promueven el crecimiento sostenible de la cadena de producción apícola se ha vuelto muy importante en los últimos años. Hidromiel o mead es el nombre dado a un tipo de vino que se produce a partir de la fermentación alcohólica de la miel de abejas diluida; es una de las bebidas más antiguas y apetecida en el norte de Europa. En Colombia, la producción de hidromiel se da a pequeña escala. En este trabajo se evaluaron los impactos ambientales asociados a una planta existente de hidromiel ubicada en el Municipio de San Mateo Boyacá. Adicionalmente, se valoraron los posibles impactos que se generarían en el momento de implementar una planta de producción en el Departamento de Bolívar. El análisis se realizó usando la herramienta de diagnóstico WARGUI, un software de código abierto que permite evaluar tanto los impactos producidos como los consumidos por el proceso, en 8 categorías diferentes. Esta herramienta permitió realizar un estudio y presentar alternativas relacionadas con el uso de combustibles y residuos, información que contribuye a mejorar la sostenibilidad del proceso. Los resultados que se destacan son que no se presentó una diferencia considerable entre los impactos ocasionados al ambiente de la planta piloto de Boyacá y la simulada del Departamento de Bolívar y, que en general, ambas plantas presentaron un comportamiento sostenible desde el punto de vista ambiental.

Abstract The sustainable growth of the beekeeping production chain has become very important in recent years, by the development of industrial processes and activities that promote the. Mead is the name given to a type of wine that is produced from the alcoholic fermentation from diluted honey. It is one of the oldest drinks on record and is highly desirable and sought after in Northern Europe. In Colombia, mead production is done at a small scale. In this work, the environmental impacts associated with an existing mead plant located in the Municipality of San Mateo, Boyacá, were evaluated. Additionally, the possible impacts generated of implementing a production plant in the Department of Bolívar were assessed. The analysis was carried out using the WARGUI diagnostic tool, an open-source software that allows evaluating both the impacts produced and those consumed by the process, in 8 different categories. This software allows to carry out a study and present alternatives related to the use of fuels and waste, information that contributes to improving the sustainability of the process. The results that stand out are that there was no considerable difference between the impacts caused to the environment of the pilot plant in Boyacá and the simulated one in the Department of Bolívar and, in general, both plants presented a sustainable behavior from the environmental point of view.

https://doi.org/10.25100/iyc.24i1.11112

10.

Telematics program of breathing exercises and mindfulness for post-coronavirus disease 2019 patients
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Plaza, Marta de la

; Morales, María Blanco

; Sevilla, Guillermo García Pérez de

; Flor, Ángel Gonzalez de la

; Morales, Carlos Romero

; Rubio, Margarita

Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira

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may 2022, Volume 68 N. 5 Pages 632 - 635

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic is an economic, social, and health challenge. During the coronavirus disease 2019 lockdown, a telematics platform for respiratory physiotherapy and mindfulness was created, aiming to reduce dyspnea and anxiety and to increase quality of life in post-coronavirus disease 2019 patient. METHODS: A quasi-experimental study was performed on post-coronavirus disease 2019 patients, with breathing exercises and mindfulness with remote supervision by a respiratory physiotherapist. Dyspnea on exertion (Mahler Scale), quality of life (EuroQol-5D score), and anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory questionnaire) were measured before and after the rehabilitation program. RESULTS: A total of 20 subjects completed the program, with a significant decrease in the measures of dyspnea on exertion (p<0.001), state anxiety (p=0.004), and trait anxiety (p=0.001) and a significant increase in quality of life (p=0.016). CONCLUSIONS: Coronavirus disease 2019 should be treated using a multidisciplinary approach that includes respiratory rehabilitation. At present, there are few studies on respiratory rehabilitation and mindfulness in post-coronavirus disease 2019 patients. The results of this study showed that the implementation of breathing exercises and mindfulness with remote supervision was effective in decreasing dyspnea and anxiety and in increasing quality of life in post-coronavirus disease 2019 patients during confinement.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9282.20211336

11.

Low molecular weight heparin is useful in adult COVID-19 inpatients. Experience during the first Spanish wave: observational study
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Gonzalez-Porras, Jose Ramon

; Belhassen-Garcia, Moncef

; Lopez-Bernus, Amparo

; Vaquero-Roncero, Luis Mario

; Rodriguez, Beatriz

; Carbonell, Cristina

; Azibeiro, Raul

; Hernandez-Sanchez, Alberto

; Martin-Gonzalez, Jose Ignacio

; Manrique, Juan Miguel

; Alonso-Claudio, Gloria

; Alvarez-Navia, Felipe

; Madruga-Martin, Jose Ignacio

; Macias-Casanova, Ronald Paul

; García-Criado, Jorge

; Lozano, Francisco

; Moyano, Jose Carlos

; Sanchez-Hernandez, Miguel Vicente

; Sagredo-Meneses, Víctor

; Borras, Rafael

; Bastida, Jose María

; Hernández-Pérez, Guillermo

; Chamorro, Antonio Javier

; Marcos, Miguel

; Martin-Oterino, Jose Angel

Sao Paulo Medical Journal

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feb 2022, Volume 140 N. 1 Pages 123 - 133

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The intensity of the thromboprophylaxis needed as a potential factor for preventing inpatient mortality due to coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: To explore the association between anticoagulation intensity and COVID-19 survival. DESIGN AND SETTING: Retrospective observational study in a tertiary-level hospital in Spain. METHODS: Low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) status was ascertained based on prescription at admission. To control for immortal time bias, anticoagulant use was analyzed as a time-dependent variable. RESULTS: 690 patients were included (median age, 72 years). LMWH was administered to 615 patients, starting from hospital admission (89.1%). 410 (66.7%) received prophylactic-dose LMWH; 120 (19.5%), therapeutic-dose LMWH; and another 85 (13.8%) who presented respiratory failure, high D-dimer levels (> 3 mg/l) and non-worsening of inflammation markers received prophylaxis of intermediate-dose LMWH. The overall inpatient-mortality rate was 38.5%. The anticoagulant nonuser group presented higher mortality risk than each of the following groups: any LMWH users (HR 2.1; 95% CI: 1.40-3.15); the prophylactic-dose heparin group (HR 2.39; 95% CI, 1.57-3.64); and the users of heparin dose according to biomarkers (HR 6.52; 95% CI, 2.95-14.41). 3.4% of the patients experienced major hemorrhage. 2.8% of the patients developed an episode of thromboembolism. CONCLUSIONS: This observational study showed that LMWH administered at the time of admission was associated with lower mortality among unselected adult COVID-19 inpatients. The magnitude of the benefit may have been greatest for the intermediate-dose subgroup. Randomized controlled trials to assess the benefit of heparin within different therapeutic regimes for COVID-19 patients are required.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-3180.2021.0098.r1.08062021

12.

Preharvest nitrogen application affects quality and antioxidant status of two tomato cultivars
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Frías-Moreno, Maria Noemi

; Espino-Díaz, Miguel

; Dávila-Aviña, Jorge

; Gonzalez-Aguilar, Gustavo Adolfo

; Ayala-Zavala, Jesús Fernando

; Molina-Corral, Francisco Javier

; Parra-Quezada, Rafael Angel

; Orozco, Guadalupe Isela Olivas

Bragantia

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mar 2020, Volume 79 N. 1 Pages 134 - 144

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Intensive horticultural crop production usually involves challenges from excessive application of fertilizer, mainly nitrogen (N). The effect of N fertilizer on the fruit quality and antioxidant status of two cherry tomato cultivars (Caballero and Victoria) under greenhouse conditions was performed. Nitrogen treatments were applied ranging from conditions comprising deficiency to toxicity (0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 mmol∙L-1). Yield, weight, diameter, fruit quality, phenols, flavonoids, lycopene, ascorbic acid and antioxidant capacity were measured at physiological maturity of the fresh tomato fruits. N treatment with 30 mmol∙L-1 produced the highest yield, fruit weight, firmness and diameter in both cultivars. However, increasing N from 30 to 60 mmol∙L-1 increased the concentration of phenolics, flavonoids, and antioxidant capacity by 50, 125 and 33% in ‘Caballero’ tomatoes and by 60, 95 and 24% in ‘Victoria’ tomatoes, respectively. Lycopene content increased with increasing N doses (45 and 60 mmol∙L-1) for ‘Caballero’ tomatoes, while vitamin C decreased as N concentration increased, suggesting that ascorbic acid acts by protecting against oxidative stress in tomato. The present work shows how N fertilization considerably influences yield and quality of tomatoes, as well as nutritional and healthy values.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4499.20190247 529 downloads

13.

Degradabilidad y producción de metano in vitro del follaje de árboles y arbustos con potencial en la nutrición de rumiantes
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Pérez-Can, Genesis Ester

; Tzec-Gamboa, Magnolia

; Albores-Moreno, Samuel

; Sanginés-García, José

; Aguilar-Urquizo, Edgar

; Chay-Canul, Alfonso

; Canul-Solis, Jorge

; Muñoz-Gonzalez, Juan

; Diaz-Echeverria, Victor

; Piñero-Vázquez, Angel Trinidad

Acta universitaria

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2020, Volume 30 elocation e2840

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract The objective of the study was to determine the nutritional value, ruminal fermentation, and in vitro methane production of foliage of tree and shrubs species with forage potential as feeding strategies in dry season and mitigation of methane emissions. The rumen liquor was taken by an esophageal tube. A repeated block design overtime was used. The content of crude protein (CP) and neutral and acid detergent fiber ranged from 6.14% to 21.78%, 44.34% to 77.43% and 16.12% to 49.53% of dry matter (DM). No difference was found in the maximum volume of gas (p > 0.05). The degradability was different among species, and it was higher for Tithonia diversifolia (760.40 g/kg DM), Morus alba (800.66 g/kg DM) and Hibuscus rosa-sinensis (800.16 g/kg DM), whilst the lower was for Megathyrsus maximus (390.40 g/kg DM and 287.40 g/kg organic matter (OM)) (p < 0.05). No difference in methane (CH4) production was observed (p > 0.05). It is concluded that L. leucocephala, P. piscipula, B. alicastrum and G. ulmifolia, T. diversifolia, and M. alba have a high potential to be included in the ruminant diet as sources of protein in the dry season and strategies to mitigate methane emissions.

Resumen El objetivo del estudio fue determinar el valor nutritivo, la fermentación ruminal y la producción de metano in vitro del follaje de especies arbóreas y arbustivas con potencial forrajero como estrategias de alimentación en época de secas y mitigación de las emisiones de metano. El líquido ruminal fue extraído por medio de una sonda esofágica. Se utilizó un diseño en bloques repetidos en el tiempo. El contenido de proteína cruda (PC) y fibra detergente neutro y acida fluctuaron de 6.14% a 21.78, 44.34% a 77.43% y 16.12% a 49.53% de materia seca (MS). No se encontró diferencia en el volumen máximo de gas (p > 0.05). La degradabilidad fue diferente, observando la mejor en Tithonia diversifolia (760.40 g/kg de MS), Morus alba (800.66 g/kg de MS) y Hibiscus rosa-sinensis (800.16 g/kg de MS), mientras que la más baja fue Megatryrsus maximus (390.40 g/kg de MS y 287.40 g/kg de materia orgánica (MO)) (p < 0.05). No se observó diferencia en la producción de metano (CH4) (p > 0.05). Se concluye que L. leucocephala, P. piscipula, B. alicastrum y G. ulmifolia, T. diversifolia y M. alba tienen un alto potencial para ser incluidos en la dieta de rumiantes como fuentes de proteína en época de secas y estrategias para mitigar las emisiones de metano.

https://doi.org/10.15174/au.2020.2840 336 downloads

14.

Inhibición de lipasa pancreática por flavonoides: importancia del doble enlace C2=C3 y la estructura plana del anillo C
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Martinez-Gonzalez, Alejandra Isabel

; Díaz-Sánchez, Ángel Gabriel

; Rosa, Laura Alejandra de la

; Bustos-Jaimes, Ismael

; Vazquez-Flores, Alma A.

; Alvarez-Parrilla, Emilio

Biotecnia

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2020, Volume 22 N. 2 Pages 50 - 60

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Pancreatic lipase is a key enzyme in lipid metabolism. Flavonoids are bioactive compounds obtained from vegetables with big relevance, due to their intrinsic interaction with digestive enzymes. Pancreatic lipase activity was evaluated in the presence of flavonoids, through UV-Vis spectroscopy. All tested flavonoids showed a mixed-type inhibition, except catechin, which showed a uncompetitive inhibition. The best inhibitor was quercetin followed by rutin > luteolin > catechin > hesperetin, with IC50 values of 10.30, 13.50, 14.70, 28.50 and 30.50 µM, respectively. The flavonoids inhibitory capacity was related to structural properties shared between the different flavonoids, such as the hydroxylation at C5, C7 (ring A), C2’ and C3’ (ring B), and the double bond between C2 and C3 (ring C). The inhibition results are in agreement with the extrinsic fluorescence analysis. Molecular docking studies indicated that the interaction between pancreatic lipase and flavonoids was mainly through hydrophobic interactions (pi-stacking). The interactions of all flavonoids, except rutin, occurred at the same enzyme site (subsite 1). Instauration between C2 and C3 was decisive for the arrangement of flavonoids with the enzyme, mainly due to pi-stacking interactions.

Resumen Lipasa pancreática es una enzima clave en el metabolismo de lípidos. Los flavonoides son compuestos bioactivos de gran relevancia debido a sus interacciones con enzimas digestivas. Se evaluó la actividad de lipasa pancreática en presencia de flavonoides. Mediante espectroscopía UV Visible se determinó que el mejor inhibidor fue quercetina, seguido de rutina > luteolina > catequina > hesperetina, con valores de IC50 de 10.30, 13.50, 14.70, 28.50 y 30.50 µM, respectivamente. Todos los flavonoides mostraron una inhibición mixta, excepto catequina que mostró una inhibición acompetitiva. La capacidad inhibitoria de los flavonoides se relacionó con propiedades estructurales compartidas entre los distintos flavonoides, como la hidroxilación en las posiciones C5, C7 (anillo A), C2’ y C3’ (anillo B), y el doble enlace entre C2 y C3 (anillo C). Los resultados de inhibición coincidieron con el análisis de la fluorescencia extrínseca. Los estudios de docking molecular indicaron que la interacción entre lipasa pancreática y los flavonoides fue principalmente mediante interacciones hidrofóbicas (pi-stacking). Las interacciones de todos los flavonoides, excepto rutina, se dieron en el mismo sitio (subsitio 1) de la enzima. La insaturación entre C2 y C3 fue determinante para el acomodo de los flavonoides con la enzima, principalmente por interacciones de pi-stacking.

https://doi.org/10.18633/biotecnia.v22i2.1245 2164 downloads

15.

OVERWEIGHT IN SCHOOLCHILDREN AND ASSOCIATION WITH PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND PARENTAL HABITS
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Palmeiro, Elena Sierra

; Valeiro, Miguel Angel Gonzalez

; Villarino, Marian Fernandez

Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte

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aug 2019, Volume 25 N. 4 Pages 290 - 294

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

RESUMO Introdução: O excesso de peso na infância e adolescência constitui-se em um importante problema de saúde que tende a persistir na idade adulta. Entre as causas desse aumento parece existir consenso em destacar a prática de atividade física como uma excelente estratégia para conseguir melhor controle do peso e em considerar alguns modelos de práticas parentais fundamentais para a aquisição de hábitos saudáveis nos jovens. Objetivo: Estudar o papel da atividade física própria e de seus pais na prevalência do excesso de peso em estudantes espanhóis. Métodos: Analisaram-se 1687 estudantes entre 13 e 17 anos e 2335 pais e mães. Calculou-se o índice de massa corporal (IMC) de cada criança e foram coletadas informações referentes ao nível de atividade física das crianças e ao nível de atividade física e IMC dos pais. Resultados: Os estudantes analisados apresentam prevalência de excesso de peso superior à média nacional associando-se significativamente com a idade, o sexo e o excesso de peso da mãe, não mostrando associação significativa com o nível da sua prática de atividade física e sim com a prática de atividade física dos pais. Discussão: Como variáveis preditivas para o excesso de peso nos estudantes encontramos o sexo, a idade e o excesso de peso da mãe. Conclusão: Há prevalência de obesidade e sobrepeso na amostra de estudantes analisada, e isso associa-se significativamente à idade e não à prática de atividade física. Essa prevalência também está associada significativamente ao excesso de peso dos pais e com o nível de atividade física do pai, o que parece confirmar a influência das características familiares e sua prática de atividade física no excesso de peso escolar. Nível de Evidência I; Estudos diagnósticos - Pesquisa de um exame para diagnóstico.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Excess weight in childhood and adolescence is an important health problem that tends to persist in adulthood. Among the causes of this increase there appears to be a consensus on emphasizing physical activity as an excellent strategy to achieve better weight control, and on considering some models of parental practices essential for the acquisition of healthy habits in young people. Objective: To study the role of physical activity (undertaken by children and their parents) in the prevalence of overweight in Spanish schoolchildren. Methods: We studied 1687 schoolchildren aged between 13 and 17 years and 2335 mothers and fathers. The body mass index (BMI) of each child was calculated and information was collected on the physical activity level of the children and the parental physical activity level and BMI. Results: The schoolchildren analyzed have a higher prevalence of excess weight than the national average, significantly associated with age, sex, and excess weight of the mother, showing no significant association with the level of physical activity, but instead with the parental level of physical activity. Discussion: As predictive variables for excess weight in schoolchildren we found sex, age and excess weight of the mother. Conclusion: There is a prevalence of obesity and overweight in the sample of schoolchildren studied, and this is significantly associated with age rather than with physical activity. This prevalence is also significantly associated with the excess weight of the parents and with the level of physical activity of the father, which appears to confirm the influence of family characteristics and household physical activity in excess weight among schoolchildren. Level of Evidence I; Diagnostic studies - Investigating a diagnostic test.

RESUMEN Introducción: El exceso de peso en la infancia y la adolescencia se constituye en un importante problema de salud que tiende a persistir en la edad adulta. Entre las causas de ese aumento parece existir consenso en destacar la práctica de actividad física como una excelente estrategia para conseguir mejor control del peso y en considerar algunos modelos de prácticas parentales fundamentales para la adquisición de hábitos saludables en los jóvenes. Objetivo: Estudiar el papel de la actividad física propia y de sus padres en la prevalencia del exceso de peso en estudiantes españoles. Métodos: Se analizaron 1687 estudiantes entre 13 y 17 años y 2335 padres y madres. Se calculó el índice de masa corporal (IMC) de cada niño y fueron colectadas informaciones referentes al nivel de actividad física de los niños y al nivel de actividad física e IMC de los padres. Resultados: Los estudiantes analizados presentan prevalencia de exceso de peso superior al promedio nacional asociándose significativamente con la edad, el sexo y el exceso de peso de la madre, no mostrando asociación significativa con el nivel de su práctica de actividad física y sí con la práctica de actividad física de los padres. Discusión: Como variables predictivas para el exceso de peso en los estudiantes encontramos el sexo, la edad y el exceso de peso de la madre. Conclusión: Hay prevalencia de obesidad y sobrepeso en la muestra de estudiantes analizada, y eso se asocia significativamente a la edad y no a la práctica de actividad física. Esa prevalencia también está asociada significativamente al exceso de peso de los padres y con el nivel de actividad física del padre, lo que parece confirmar la influencia de las características familiares y su práctica de actividad física en el exceso de peso escolar. Nivel de Evidencia I; Estudios diagnósticos - Investigación de un examen para diagnóstico.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1517-869220192504181165 1972 downloads

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