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Abstract Individuals with malignancies and COVID-19 have a lower survival compared with the general population. However, the information about the impact of COVID-19 on the whole hematological population is scarce. We aimed to describe the 30th day overall survival (OS) after COVID-19 infection in pa tients with a hematological disease in Argentina. A completely anonymous survey from the Argentine Society of Hematology was delivered to all the hematologists in Argentina; it started in April 2020. A cut-off to analyze the data was performed in December 2020 and, finally, 419 patients were reported and suitable for the analysis (average age: 58 years, 90% with malignant diseases). After the COVID-19 diagnosis, the 30-day OS for the whole population was 80.2%. From the entire group (419), 101 (24.1%) individuals required intensive care unit admission, where the 30-day OS was 46.6%. Among allogeneic stem cell transplant recipients, the 30-day OS was 70.3%. Factors associated with a low OS were two or more comorbidities, an active hematological disease and history of chemotherapy. In individuals with the three factors, the 30-day OS was 49.6% while the 30-day OS in those without those factors was 100%. Patients with hematological diseases have a higher mortality than the general population. This group represents a challenge and requires careful decision-making of the treatment in order not to compromise the chances of cure.

Resumen El presente estudio tuvo por objetivo primario conocer la mortalidad de pacientes con enfermedad hematológica que presentaron infección por COVID-19 en Argentina. Para ello se difundió una encuesta desde la Sociedad Argentina de Hematología (SAH) entre los hematológos para informar sobre los pacientes con enfermedades hematológicas y diagnóstico de infección por SARS- CoV-2, entre el 19/4/2020, y el 7/12/2020. Se incluyeron individuos de todas las edades con diagnóstico de enfermedad hematológica benigna o maligna e infección por SARS-CoV-2 confirmada por técnica de RT-PCR. Se analizaron 419 pacientes (mediana 58 años; 90% enfermedades malignas). La supervivencia al día 30 fue de 80.2%. La supervivencia fue menor en aquellos que requirieron internación (74.2%), cuidados intensivos (46.6%) y asistencia respiratoria mecánica (36.8%). Entre los trasplantados alogénicos la supervivencia fue 70.3%. Los factores vinculados a la supervivencia global fueron las comorbilidades, el estado de la enfermedad al momento de la infección y el antecedente de quimioterapia. Se pudo establecer un score en el que aquellos que tuvieron un puntaje de 4 alcanzaron una supervivencia del 49.6% al día 30, mientras que la de los pacientes con score 0 fue del 100% a 30 días. En comparación con la población general, los pacientes con enfermedades hematológicas presentan una mayor mortalidad vinculada al COVID-19, motivo por el cual es primordial definir pautas destinadas a disminuir la exposición de los mismos sin comprometer las posibilidades de beneficiarse del tratamiento de la enfermedad de base.

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New Law of Brazilian Biodiversity: Legal Aspects and Impact in the Field of Biotechnology
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FOLGOSI, MARCELO

; VALVERDE, ALESSANDRA L.

; FIAUX, SORELE B.

; MOURÃO, SAMANTHA C.

; LEAL, RICARDO H.

; CERQUEIRA, ALOYSIO M.F.

; BRUNO, SÁVIO F.

; WEID, OLIVIA V.D.

; ANGELI, RENATA

; NETO, JOSÉ C.D.

; SOUZA, MIRIAM A. DE

; PAIXÃO, RITA L.

; ALVES, GUTEMBERG G.

; GONZALEZ, MARCELO S.

; PAIVA, SELMA R. DE

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2021, Volume 93 elocation e20210413

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Access to genetic resources (GR) and/or traditional knowledge associated with genetic resources (ATK) has been regulated in Brazil since 2001. The law 13,123 / 2015 determined a significant change in the theme, mainly on the rules of distribution of benefits obtained for conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity, the access to technology and technology transfer, the exploitation of products or reproductive material from the GR or ATK and consignment to the outside of part or all the living or dead organism shipped for GR. The implementation of international treaties on GR and ATK for research, biotechnological development and bioprospecting have been causing difficulties for Brazilian researchers, mainly due to the lack of information and dissemination available for compliance with the legislation. In this work, the members of the Committee for Access to Genetic Resources and Associated Traditional Knowledge of the Federal Fluminense University (UFFGEN) - Brazil, and collaborators performed a critical reflection on the new law, helping Brazilian researchers with information necessary to understand the changes made by the new legislation, especially in the field of Biotechnology associated with Brazilian Biodiversity.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202120210413 1 downloads

Simple GFAAS Method for Determination of Pb, As, and Cd in Cannabidiol Extracts Used for Therapeutic Purposes
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Nascimento, Patricia A.

; Schultz, Juliana

; Gonzalez, Mario H.

; Oliveira, Andrea

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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may 2020, Volume 31 N. 5 Pages 894 - 903

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Cannabis sativa has many promising medicinal applications for the mitigation, or even cure, of chronic diseases. The high bioaccumulation potential of C. sativa enables its use for the phytoremediation and detoxification of soil, may increase the levels of inorganic elements in products such as cannabidiol (CBD) extracts being necessary the evaluation/monitoring of the level of inorganic components, mainly the toxic species in these formulations. An analytical method employing graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS) was developed for the quantification of Pb, As, and Cd in commercial CBD extracts and homemade samples. The alkaline solubilization was employed in agreement with the external analytical curve, in a robust method. The limits of quantification were 0.26 (Pb), 0.067 (As), and 0.011 µg g-1 (Cd), with satisfactory accuracy (80-120%) and relative standard deviation (RSD) values < 7%. The CBD extracts presented levels of Pb, As and Cd below the maximum limits established by regulatory agencies.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20190252 1272 downloads

Evaluation of OFDM Channel Sounding Techniques with Three Modulation Sequences
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Silva, Marcelo Molina

; Mello, Luiz da Silva

; Ron, Carlos V. Rodríguez

; Almeida, M. P. C.

; Tacuri, Alexander B. Hilario

; Castellanos, Pedro Gonzalez

; Gonsioroski, L. H.

Journal of Microwaves, Optoelectronics and Electromagnetic Applications

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dec 2019, Volume 18 N. 4 Pages 505 - 529

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract This paper presents an evaluation of multicarrier channel sounding techniques using different random and pseudo-random sequences to modulate the OFDM sounding signal. The Random (Rand), Pseudo-Noise (PN) and Zadoff-Chu (ZC) were tested, both in laboratory simulations and in field measurements. For the laboratory simulations Matlab routines were used to generate OFDM signals modulated with each of the three sounding signals, that were then convoluted with a synthesized transfer function of a test channel with six multipath components and added Gaussian noise and Doppler fading. The resulting signals are then correlated with a copy of the original signal to provide the multipath power delay profiles. The root mean square deviation (RMSD) and the relationship between peak power and mean power (PAPR) were used as metrics for the comparison between the test transfer function and the simulation detected multipath delay profiles, showing slight advantages of the ZC sequence. The three sequences were then used in field measurements to characterize an urban channel at 700 MHz. In the field measurements, the ZC sequence showed the lowest detection threshold, allowing for the detection of a larger number of multipath components.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2179-10742019v18i41704 953 downloads

Elemental Concentration and Sulfur Chemical Speciation in the Amazonian Plant Andira surinamensis Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques (SR-XRF, XANES), RBS and WD-XRF
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Gonzalez, Joselaine C.

; Simões, Grazieli

; Bernini, Rafael B.

; Coutinho, Lúcia H.

; Stedile, Fernanda C.

; Nunez, Cecilia V.

; Vicentin, Flavio C.

; Souza, Gerardo G. B. de

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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sep 2019, Volume 30 N. 9 Pages 1887 - 1896

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The inorganic composition of the bark and leaf of a plant from the Amazon rainforest, Andira surinamensis, was determined using two non-destructive, multi-element techniques: X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS). XRF measurements were made using both a conventional X-ray source and synchrotron radiation. It was observed that although magnesium, aluminum, silicon, phosphorus, sulfur, chlorine, and potassium are present in higher concentrations in the leaf, calcium is about three times more concentrated in the bark. Manganese, iron, copper, zinc, strontium and barium were also detected, with barium showing a concentration above the minimum toxicity level for plants. Chemical speciation of sulfur, performed using the X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) technique, showed that sulfur is present in several oxidation states, with a much larger contribution from the inorganic sulfate in the leaves. The article evidences that the combined use of synchrotron radiation and non-destructive multi-element techniques allows for an efficient and accurate determination of the inorganic composition and chemical speciation in plants.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20190098 695 downloads

How are HCV-infected patients being identified in Brazil: a multicenter study
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Portari-Filho, Luiz H.

; Álvares-da-Silva, Mario R.

; Gonzalez, Aline

; Ferreira, Adalgisa P.

; Nogueira, Cristiane V.

; Mendes-Correa, Maria C.

; Lima, José M.

; Lopes, Edmundo P.

; Brandão, Carlos E.

; Ivantes, Cláudia

; Lyra, André

; Lindenberg, Andreia

; Ferraz, Maria L.

Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases

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jan 2019, Volume 23 N. 1 Pages 34 - 39

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Background: Hepatitis C is an important health problem. In Brazil, 1-2 million people are infected. Despite this expressive number, and the availability of very successful treatment, many patients remained undiagnosed mainly because of the asymptomatic nature of the infection. Objectives: To describe epidemiological characteristics of HCV-infected patients seen at referral centers in Brazil, the source of referral, and the time spanned to reach a reference center, in order to improve the identification of undiagnosed patients. Methods: Multicenter observational, cross-sectional study carried out in 15 centers of Brazil, between January/2016 and June/2017. Data of patients with a confirmed diagnosis (anti-HCV and HCV-RNA) were collected by interview using standard questionnaires and by review of charts. Results: Two thousand patients were included; 55.1% were male, mean age 58 ± 11 years. Only 14.9% had higher education and 84.2% received up to five monthly minimum Brazilian wages (approximately US$260.00/month). The time between diagnosis and beginning of follow-up was 22.9 months. The most common reasons for testing were check-up (33.2%) and blood donation (19%). General practitioners diagnosed most of the patients (30.1%). Fibrosis stage was mainly evaluated by liver biopsy (61.5%) and 31.3% of the patients were cirrhotic at diagnosis. Conclusions: This multicenter Brazilian study showed that the mean time to reach a referral center for treatment was almost two years. Primary care physicians diagnoses most hepatitis C cases in the country. Population campaigns and medical education should be encouraged to intensify screening of asymptomatic individuals, considering the efficiency of check-ups in identifying new patients.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjid.2019.01.006 533 downloads

Antibacterial and cytotoxicity activities and phytochemical analysis of three ornamental plants grown in Mexico
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RÍOS-CHÁVEZ, PATRICIA

; PEREZ-GONZALEZ, JORDY

; SALGADO-GARCIGLIA, RAFAEL

; RAMÍREZ-CHÁVEZ, ENRIQUE

; MOLINA-TORRES, JORGE

; MARTINEZ-TRUJILLO, MIGUEL

; CARREON-ABUD, YAZMIN

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2019, Volume 91 N. 2 elocation e20180468

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract: This study evaluates the antibacterial, cytotoxic activities, and phytochemical composition, of Callistemon citrinus, Hibiscus rosa-sinensis and Plumbago auriculata leaves and flowers, three ornamental plants in Mexico. However, in other countries offers a range of other uses. Ethanol extracts of C. citrinus leaf and flower presented stronger antibacterial activity than the extracts obtained from the other two plants. C. citrinus leaf showed low cytotoxicity (LC50 <600 µg/mL) on the brine shrimp test, whereas the ethanol extracts of H. rosa-sinensis and P. auriculata leaves showed no cytotoxic activity. Flower extracts obtained from the three plants did no exhibit cytotoxicity. GC-MS analysis revealed that the ethanol extract of P. auriculata leaf contained lupeol triterpene and lupeol acetate, neither of them have been previously reported in this genus. Gamma sitosterol was present in the leaf and flower extracts of P. auriculata. Higher contents of linoleic and linolenic acids were found in extracts of H. rosa-sinensis leaves and flowers. The ability of the ethanol extracts of C. citrinus leaves and flowers to inhibit the growth of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria indicates a potentially broad antimicrobial spectrum. Moreover, the absence of cytotoxicity suggests the potential use of this plant to treat microbial infections.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201920180468 2173 downloads

Efecto de los antimaláricos sobre los diferentes dominios del índice de daño SLICC en pacientes de la cohorte GLADEL
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Pons-Estel, Guillermo J.

; Quintana, Rosana

; Wojdyla, Daniel

; Alarcón, Graciela S.

; Serrano, Rosa María

; Ugarte-Gil, Manuel

; Pimentel-Quiroz, Víctor

; Soriano, Enrique R.

; Catoggio, Luis J.

; Scolnik, Marina

; Sacnun, Mónica

; Saurit, Verónica

; Caeiro, Francisco

; Alvarellos, Alejandro

; Sarano, Judith

; García, Mercedes

; Onetti, Laura

; Drenkard, Cristina

; Berbotto, Guillermo

; Scherbarth, Hugo R.

; Sato, Emilia

; Bonfa, Eloisa

; Ferreira Borba, Eduardo

; Costallat, Lilian

; Xavier, Ricardo

; Tavares Brenol, Joao C.

; Da Silva, Nilzio A.

; Cavalcanti, Fernando

; Massardo, Loreto

; Jacobelli, Sergio

; Neira, Oscar

; Molina, José F

; Vásquez, Gloria

; Gómez-Puerta, José A.

; Alonso Gonzalez, Luis

; Iglesias Gamarra, Antonio

; Guibert-Toledano, Marlene

; Reyes, Gil A.

; Cardiel, Mario H.

; Pascual-Ramos, Virginia

; García de la Torre, Ignacio

; Barile, Leonor

; Silveira, Luis H.

; Amigo, Mary-Carmen

; Sauza del Pozo, María Josefina

; Acevedo-Vásquez, Eduardo M.

; Alfaro-Lozano, José

; Segami, María Inés

; Chacón-Díaz, Rosa

; Abadi, Isaac

; Esteva Spinetti, María H

; Pons-Estel, Bernardo A.

Revista argentina de reumatología

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sep 2018, Volume 29 N. 3 Pages 6 - 10

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Objective: To assess the effects of antimalarials (AM) over the items of the SLICC Damage Index (SDI). Methods: Patients with recent (≤2 years) diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) from the GLADEL cohort were studied. End-point: increase in items SDI since cohort entry. Independent variables (socio-demographic, clinical, laboratory and treatment) were included. The effect of AM as a time dependent variable on most frequent SDI items (adjusting for potential confounders) was examined with a multivariable Cox regression model. Results: Of the 1466 patients included in this analysis, 1049 (72%) received AM with a median exposure time of 30 months (Q1-Q3: 11-57). Damage occurred in 665 (45%) patients during a median follow-up time of 24 months (Q1-Q3: 8-55). There were 301 integument, 208 renal, 149 neuropsychiatric, 98 musculoskeletal, 88 cardiovascular and 230 others less frequently represented damages. After adjusting for potential confounders at any time during follow-up, a lower risk of renal damage (HR 0.652; 95% CI: 0.472-0.901) and borderline for neuropsychiatric damage (HR 0.701, 95% CI: 0.481-1.024) was found. Conclusion: In the GLADEL cohort, after adjustment for possible confounding factors, AM were independently associated with a reduced risk of renal damage accrual.

Objetivos: Estimar el efecto de los antimaláricos (AM) sobre los diferentes dominios del índice de daño SLICC (SDI). Métodos: Se estudiaron pacientes con diagnóstico clínico reciente (≤2 años) de lupus eritematoso sistémico (LES) de la cohorte GLADEL. Variable de estudio: aumento en los dominios del SDI desde el ingreso a la cohorte. Variables independientes: características sociodemográficas, clínicas, laboratorio y tratamientos. El efecto de los AM, como variable dependiente del tiempo, sobre los dominios más frecuentes del SDI (ajustado por factores de confusión) fue examinado con un modelo de regresión de Cox multivariado. Resultados: De 1466 pacientes estudiados, 1049 (72%) recibieron AM con un tiempo medio de exposición de 30 meses (Q1-Q3: 11-57) y 665 pacientes (45%) presentaron daño durante un seguimiento medio de 24 meses (Q1-Q3: 8-55); 301 eventos fueron cutáneos, 208 renales, 149 neuropsiquiátricos, 98 musculoesqueléticos, 88 cardiovasculares y 230 otros. Después de ajustar por factores de confusión, el uso de AM se asoció a un menor riesgo de daño renal (HR 0,652; IC 95%: 0,472-0,901) y en el límite de la significancia estadística (HR 0,701, IC 95%: 0,481-1,024) para el dominio neuropsiquiátrico. Conclusión: En GLADEL, el uso de AM se asoció independientemente a un menor riesgo de daño acumulado renal.

162 downloads

The effect of highly variable topography on the spatial distribution of Aniba perutilis (Lauraceae) in the Colombian Andes
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Fagua, José C.

; Cabrera, Edersson

; Gonzalez, Victor H.

Revista de Biología Tropical

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mar 2013, Volume 61 N. 1 Pages 301 - 309

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

La topografía es un factor que puede afectar considerablemente la diversidad y la distribución de las especies de árboles tropicales. Aniba perutilis, una especie de árbol maderable vulnerable a la extinción, está ampliamente distribuida en fragmentos de bosques andinos, especialmente en aquellos con topografía altamente variable. A partir de trabajo de campo y análisis de regresión logística, estudiamos la estructura de la población y los efectos de la topografía sobre la distribución espacial de este árbol en tres fragmentos de bosque en la cordillera central de Colombia que actualmente se encuentran protegidos. Los individuos de A. perutilis se encontraron principalmente en los filos de montaña y colinas con gradientes topográficos suaves; no se encontraron individuos en los valles. A partir de un modelo de distribución de especies usando datos de presencia/ausencia, mostramos que el hábitat disponible para A. perutilis es considerablemente más pequeño que la extensión de los fragmentos y mucho más reducido que la extensión actual de las áreas protegidas. Nuestros resultados tienen implicaciones importantes para la conservación de A. perutilis y probablemente otras especies de árboles andinos amenazados, los cuales pueden estar restringidos de forma similar debido a la variabilidad topográfica local.

Topography is a factor that can significantly affect the diversity and the distribution of trees species in tropical forests. Aniba perutilis, a timber species listed as vulnerable to extinction, is widely distributed in Andean forest fragments, especially in those with highly variable topography. Based on field surveys and logistic regression analyses, we studied the population structure and the effect of highly variable topography on the spatial distribution of this tree in three protected forest fragments in the central Andes of Colombia. Individuals of A. perutilis were mainly found on mountain ridges and hills with gentle slopes; no individuals were found in valleys. Using a species distribution model with presence/absence data, we showed that the available habitat for A. perutilis is significantly smaller than the extension of the fragments and much smaller than the extension of the currently protected areas. Our results have important implications for the conservation of A. perutilis and likely for other threatened Andean tree species, which can also have locally restricted distributions due to highly variable local topography.

3121 downloads

10.

Estudo comparativo das propriedades dinâmicas de uma liga NiTi com memória de forma e materiais estruturais clássicos
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Silva, N. J.

; De Araújo, C. J.

; Gonzalez, C. H.

; Grassi, E. N. D.

; Oliveira, C. A. N.

Matéria (Rio de Janeiro)

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2011, Volume 16 N. 4 Pages 830 - 835

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

As ligas com memória de forma (LMF) são materiais ativos que têm atraído atenção devido às suas superiores propriedades de amortecimento quando comparadas aos materiais estruturais convencionais. Esses materiais apresentam uma alta capacidade de amortecimento, tanto durante a transformação de fase quanto na fase martensítica, em baixas temperaturas. Neste trabalho a LMF NiTi, alumínio comercial, aço inoxidável e latão foram submetidos à análise dinâmico-mecânica (DMA) em modo de viga simplesmente engastada. Pequenas amostras na forma de lâminas foram fabricadas para a realização dos testes. A LMF NiTi estudada apresentou um pico de capacidade de amortecimento durante a transformação de fase, levando o amortecimento a valores muito superiores àqueles apresentados pelos materiais convencionais. Além disso, foi observado que a liga NiTi apresenta um aumento do módulo de armazenamento durante a transição da fase de baixa temperatura para a fase de alta temperatura, o que abre uma extensa diversidade de opções para aplicações tecnológicas para essas ligas, enquanto um decréscimo quase linear da rigidez foi verificado para os materiais convencionais estudados.

Shape Memory Alloys (SMA) are active materials that have been attracting attention due to their superior damping properties when compared to the usual structural materials. Those materials present a high damping capacity, during the phase transformation as well in martensitic phase, on low temperatures. In this work a NiTi SMA, commercial aluminum, stainless steel and brass were submitted to dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) in single cantilever mode. Small samples in beam form were manufactured for the accomplishment of the tests. NiTi SMA studied presented a peak of damping capacity during the phase transformation, taking the damping superior values to that presented by the conventional materials. Furthermore, it was observed that the NiTi alloy presents an increase of the storage modulus during the phase transition from low temperature phase to high temperature phase, what provides a great diversity of options for technological applications for those alloys, while an almost linear decrease of stiffness was verified for the studied conventional materials.

3322 downloads Cited 1 time in SciELO

11.

Prevalence of common α-thalassemia determinants in south Brazil: importance for the diagnosis of microcytic anemia
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Wagner, Sandrine C.

; Castro, Simone M. de

; Gonzalez, Tatiana P.

; Santin, Ana P.

; Filippon, Leticia

; Zaleski, Carina F.

; Azevedo, Laura A.

; Amorin, Bruna

; Callegari-Jacques, Sidia M.

; Hutz, Mara H.

Genetics and Molecular Biology

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2010, Volume 33 N. 4 Pages 641 - 645

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Alpha thalassemia has not been systematically investigated in Brazil. In this study, 493 unrelated individuals from the southernmost Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul were screened for deletional forms of α-thalassemia. One hundred and one individuals had microcytic anemia (MCV < 80 fL) and a normal hemoglobin pattern (Hb A2 < 3.5% and Hb F < 1%). The subjects were screened for -α3.7,-α4.2,-α20.5, -SEA and -MED deletions but only the -α3.7 allele was detected. The -α3.7 allele frequency in Brazilians of European and African ancestry was 0.02 and 0.12, respectively, whereas in individuals with microcytosis the frequency was 0.20. The prevalence of α-thalassemia was significantly higher in individuals with microcytosis than in healthy individuals (p = 0.001), regardless of their ethnic origin. There were also significant differences in the hematological parameters of individuals with -α3.7/αα, -α3.7/α3.7 and β-thalassemia trait compared to healthy subjects. These data suggest that α-thalassemia is an important cause of microcytosis and mild anemia in Brazilians.

3052 downloads

12.

Antimicrobial susceptibility of Helicobacter pylori and mechanisms of clarithromycin resistance in strains isolated from patients in Uruguay
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Torres-Debat, M. E.

; Pérez-Pérez, G.

; Olivares, A.

; Fernández, L.

; Raisler, K.

; Gonzalez, N.

; Stein, S.

; Bazet, M. C.

; Alallón, W.

; Cohen, H.

Revista Española de Enfermedades Digestivas

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nov 2009, Volume 101 N. 11 Pages 757 - 762

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The prevalence and mechanisms of antibiotic resistance of Helicobacter pylori have not yet been investigated in Uruguay. The objective of this study was to assess the susceptibility of H. pylori to the most frequently used antibiotics and to determine the mechanism of resistance to clarithromycin. Seventy-nine isolates were obtained from gastric biopsies of 50 adult patients during two periods, 2001 and 2006. The former group enrolled the general population (GP), the latter group Afro-descendant (AD) subjects. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of clarithromycin, amoxicillin, tetracycline, metronidazole, and levofloxacin were determined using the E-test technique. Amplification was achieved through PCR and nucleic acid sequencing to detect mutations in the site of action of clarithromycin in the rRNA gene 23S. No amoxicillin or tetracycline-resistant strains were found. Clarithromycin resistance was found in 12% of the patients overall: 19.4% resistance in AD patients and no resistance in the GP group. This difference was statistically significant. The highest resistance was seen with metronidazole (36%), present in similar proportions in the two groups: 36.8% (GP) and 35.5% (AD). One GP patient and one AD patient had levofloxacin-resistant strains. Sequencing analysis of gene 23S rRNA showed that only mutation in position 2143 was presented in all clarithromycin-resistant strains.

529 downloads

13.

NEW ANDEAN BEE SPECIES OF CHILICOLA SPINOLA (HYMENOPTERA: COLLETIDAE, XEROMELISSINAE) WITH NOTES ON THEIR BIOLOGY
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GONZALEZ, VICTOR H.

; GIRALDO, CATALINA

Caldasia

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jun 2009, Volume 31 N. 1 Pages 145 - 154

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Describimos e ilustramos tres especies nuevas de abejas del género Chilicola Spinola que habitan en grandes alturas en la cordillera Oriental de Colombia: C. (Anoediscelis) paramoides Gonzalez sp. nov., C. (Hylaeosoma) bochica Gonzalez sp. nov., and C. (Oroediscelis) deborahae Gonzalez sp. nov. También presentamos notas biológicas y discutimos la relación filogenética de C. deborahae; los nidos de esta especie fueron encontrados dentro de inflorescencias secas de Espeletia argentea Humb. & Bonpl. (Asteraceae) y análisis palinológicos mostraron que el 80% de los granos de polen encontrados en las celdas de cría pertenecían a Arcytophyllum aff. nitidum y A. muticum (Rubiaceae). También se registra la avispa ichneumonida Grotea sp. parasitando celdas de cría de C. deborahae.

We describe and illustrate three new bee species of the genus Chilicola Spinola that occur at high altitudes in the Eastern Andes of Colombia: C. (Anoediscelis) paramoides Gonzalez sp. nov., C. (Hylaeosoma) bochica Gonzalez sp. nov., and C. (Oroediscelis) deborahae Gonzalez sp. nov. We also provide biological notes and discuss the phylogenetic relationships of C. deborahae; nests of this species were found inside dry flower stems of Espeletia argentea Humb. & Bonpl. (Asteraceae) and a palynological analysis showed that 80 % of the pollen grains found in brood cells belonged to Arcytophyllum aff. nitidum and A. muticum (Rubiaceae). The ichneumonid wasp Grotea sp. is also recorded parasitizing brood cells of C. deborahae.

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14.

Image Retrieval Based on Wavelet Transform and Neural Network Classification
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Gonzalez-Garcia, A. C.

; Sossa-Azuela, J. H.

; Felipe-Riveron, E. M.

; Pogrebnyak, O.

Computación y Sistemas

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dec 2007, Volume 11 N. 2 Pages 143 - 156

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

The problem of retrieving images from a database is considered. In particular, we retrieve images belonging to one of the following six categories: 1) commercial planes in land, 2) commercial planes in air, 3) war planes in land, 4) war planes in air, 5) small aircraft in land, and 6) small aircraft in the air. During training, a wavelet-based description of each image is first calculated using Daubechies 4-wavelet transformation. The resulting coefficients are used to train a neural network (NN). During classification, test images are treated by the already trained NN. Three different ways to obtain the coefficients of the Daubechies transform were proposed and tested: from the entire image color channels, from the histogram of the biggest circular window inside the image color channels, and from the histograms of the square sub-images in the image color channels of the original image. 120 images were used for training and 240 for testing. The best efficiency of 88% was obtained with the third method.

Se considera el problema de la recuperación de imágenes desde una base de datos de imágenes. En particular, se recuperan las imágenes que pertenecen a una de las siguientes seis categorías: 1) aviones comerciales en la tierra, 2) aviones comerciales en el aire, 3) aviones de guerra en la tierra, 4) aviones de guerra en el aire, 5) avionetas en la tierra, y 6) avionetas en el aire. Primeramente se calcula una descripción con base en la transformada ondeleta de cada imagen mediante la ondeleta Daubechies-4. Los coeficientes resultantes se usan para entrenar una red neuronal. Durante la clasificación, se prueba el sistema con imágenes ya tratadas por la ya entrenada red neuronal. Se propusieron y probaron tres métodos diferentes para obtener los coeficientes de la ondeleta Daubechies-4: desde los canales de color RGB de la imagen completa, desde el histograma de la mayor ventana circular inscrita en los canales de color RGB de la imagen, y desde los histogramas de sub-imágenes cuadradas insertadas en los canales de color RGB de la imagen. Se usaron 120 imágenes para el entrenamiento de la red neuronal y 240 para probar el sistema. La mejor eficiencia de 88% se obtuvo con el tercer método.

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15.

Enhancing regional capacity in chronic disease surveillance in the Americas
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Choi, Bernard C.K.

; Corber, Stephen J.

; McQueen, David V.

; Bonita, Ruth

; Zevallos, Juan C.

; Douglas, Kathy A.

; Barceló, Alberto

; Gonzalez, Miguel

; Robles, Sylvia

; Stachenko, Sylvie

; Hall, Mary

; Champagne, Beatriz M.

; Lindner, M.Cristina

; Salazar, Ligia M.de

; Granero, Ricardo

; Laurido, Lourdes E. Soto de

; Lum, Washington

; Torres, Rogger E.

; Warren, Charles W.

; Mokdad, Ali H.

Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública

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feb 2005, Volume 17 N. 2 Pages 130 - 141

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Existe la necesidad de reforzar la capacidad regional para la vigilancia de las enfermedades crónicas en las Américas. Los objetivos de este artículo son 1) ofrecer nuestro apoyo decidido a favor de la vigilancia de las enfermedades crónicas, 2) presentar una revisión descriptiva y un resumen de las actividades de vigilancia y los problemas en torno a las mismas en las Américas, 3) confeccionar una lista de recursos y fuentes de consulta para obtener más información, y 4) ofrecer unas recomendaciones para reforzar la capacidad regional. Este artículo se basa en una revisión personal de informes, sitios de Internet y apuntes personales procedentes de diversos proyectos, reuniones y actividades relacionados con la vigilancia de las enfermedades crónicas en las Américas, y en un análisis a profundidad de los materiales recopilados. Se ha determinado que las agencias sanitarias internacionales, los gobiernos de diversos países, las organizaciones no gubernamentales y los profesionales de la sanidad pública han dedicado grandes esfuerzos a la construcción y al desarrollo de las capacidades de vigilancia de las enfermedades crónicas en la Región. Para seguir apoyando el aumento de dichas capacidades, se hace necesario establecer una red de redes (una metarred) cuya misión debería ser la vigilancia de la vigilancia. Siete aspectos importantes para el aumento de esta capacidad son la estrategia, la colaboración, la información, la educación, la novedad, la comunicación, y la evaluación.

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