Introduction: Nursing consultation is an indispensable tool in renal replacement therapy by providing the knowledge necessary for the self-management of the patient and family. Kalemia and weight gain are two of the variables with greater association with morbi-mortality. Alm: To evaluate the effectiveness of nursing consultation regarding kalemia and weight gain in hemodialysis patients. Material and methods: Descriptive and retrospective study conducted in 121 patients in hemodialysis program of the Parc Taulí Hospital. Were analyzed: - Kalemia before nursing consultation and at 2, 4 and 6 months after intervention stratified according to the presence of drug treatment. - Interdialytic weight gain of 14 sessions before and after the nursing consultation, considering whether patients maintained diuresis. Results: ■ Kalemia: • 68.61% of the 51 patients with hyperkalemia at baseline improved at 2 months post-intervention, without changes in drug treatment. Results were maintained at 4 and 6 months. • Stratifying the sample: K=5'1-5'5 mEq / l were improved at 67.85%, K> 5'5-6'5 mEq / l at 72.99% and K> 6.5 mEq / l at 100 %. ■ Weight gain: • Patients before nursing consultation accumulated more than 2kg improved post-intervention in 52.45%. Conclusions: Results demonstrate the effectiveness of the nursing consultation because after the intervention was significantly decreased hyperkalemia and hypervolemia, reducing the morbimortality of our patients.

Introducción: La consulta de enfermería es una herramienta imprescindible en el tratamiento sustitutivo renal al proporcionar al paciente y familia los conocimientos necesarios para el autocuidado. La kalemia y la ganancia ponderal constituyen 2 de las variables con mayor asociación a morbi-mortalidad. Objetivo: Evaluar la eficacia de la consulta de enfermería sobre kalemia y ganancia ponderal del paciente en hemodiálisis. Material y métodos: Estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo, realizado en 121 pacientes en programa de Hemodiálisis del Hospital Parc Taulí. Se analizó: - La kalemia previa a la consulta de enfermería y a los 2, 4 y 6 meses de la intervención estratificando en función de si recibe tratamiento farmacológico. - La ganancia de peso inter-diálisis de 14 sesiones pre-consulta de enfermería y 14 posteriores, considerando si mantenían diuresis. Resultados: ■ Kalemia: • De los 51 pacientes con hiperkalemia en basal, mejoran a los 2 meses post intervención un 68,61% sin cambios en el tratamiento farmacológico. Resultados que se mantenían a los 4 y 6 meses. • Estratificando la muestra: K= 5'1-5'5 mEq/l mejoran en un 67.85%, K>5'5-6'5 mEq/l un 72,99%, K>6'5 mEq/l el 100%. ■ Ganancia ponderal: • Pacientes que pre-consulta de enfermería acumulaban > 2kg después de la intervención mejoran en un 52.45%. De este grupo solo el 16.39% mantenía diuresis y de estos mejoran un 60%. Conclusiones: Los resultados obtenidos demuestran la eficacia de la consulta de enfermería ya que tanto la hiperkalemia como la hipervolemia disminuyen de modo significativo tras la intervención, pudiendo reducir la morbi-mortalidad de nuestros pacientes.

This paper deals with a new concept that is Functionally Gradient Materials (FGM). The materials developed in this work are constituted by a 430L matrix core and composite materials with this matrix and gradient concentration with NbC reinforcement, from the core to the surface, through different steps. Composite powders of different content in NbC were produced through high energy milling in order to obtain the gradient composition. The morphology and microhardness of these powders were characterised and subsequently were processed through conventional P/M techniques, pressing and sintering. The materials obtained show improved wear behaviour.

HCx powder metallurgy steel contains in its composition high contents of Cr and C, and significant quantities of alloy elements typical of tool steels (Mo, V, W), to provide the corrosion resistance of stainless steel with wear resistance of tool steels. HCx appears to be a suitable material for applications in aggressive environments, as valve seat inserts in automotive engines. However, this steel presents a low compressibility leading to high production costs. In this work, some results carried out to improve the compressibility of HCx are presented. The way to attempt this improvement is the dilution of base material with two stainless steels, the ferritic 430LHC and the austenitic 316L. The powder mixes prepared were uniaxially pressed to study the compressibility. The sinterability was study by determining of density, hardness, transverse rupture strength (TRS) and microstructural evolution after vacuum sintering at different temperatures. As a result, better compressibility is observed in the mixes although not all of them present the properties required.