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1.
Seroprevalence of rodent-borne viruses in Afro-descendent communities in Brazil
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Fernandes, Jorlan
; Coelho, Thayssa Alves
; Oliveira, Renata Carvalho de
; Guedes, Livia Stefânia Alves Lima
; Teixeira, Bernardo Rodrigues
; Guterres, Alexandro
; Niel, Christian
; Levis, Silvana C.
; Lago, Barbara Vieira
; Motta-Castro, Ana Rita Coimbra
; Lemos, Elba Regina Sampaio de
.
Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo
- Journal Metrics
ABSTRACT During the Brazilian slavery period, many African migrants were brought to the American continent. Historically, some of these migrants escaped from the Brazilian gold mines and farms to which they had been brought and settled in remote valleys and this was the main mode of resistance to the slavery system. These runaway-slave descendant communities are called quilombos, a group with distinct ethnic identity, specific behavioral habits, including geographic isolation and conservative practices. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of rodent-borne viruses in two Afro-descendent communities from Mato Grosso do Sul State, Midwestern Brazil. A total of 319 individuals from rural and urban quilombola communities were enrolled. Twelve (3.76%) had anti-rodent-borne virus IgG antibodies. Seven (2.19%) were anti-mammarenavirus reactive and nine (2.82%) had anti-orthohantavirus antibodies. The literature includes limited data on the health status of quilombola communities, but all the studies emphasize the disparity of attention of local healthcare personnel to these communities compared to the general population. The findings of this study highlight the vulnerability and the precarious health conditions of quilombola groups, especially those living in rural areas and thus, point to the need of preventive measures to improve access to healthcare for this ethnic group.
https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946201961066
414 downloads
2.
Determination of Colchicine in Pharmaceutical Formulations and Urine by Multiple-Pulse Amperometric Detection in an FIA System Using Boron-Doped Diamond Electrode
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Moreira, Débora A. R.
; Oliveira, Fernando M. de
; Pimentel, Dilton M.
; Guedes, Tiago J.
; Luz, Rita C. S.
; Damos, Flávio S.
; Pereira, Arnaldo C.
; Silva, Rodrigo A. B. da
; Santos, Wallans T. P. dos
.
Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society
- Journal Metrics
This work presents a simple and fast method for colchicine (CO) determination in pharmaceutical formulations and urine by multiple pulse amperometry (MPA) with flow injection analysis (FIA) system using a boron-doped diamond electrode. In optimized conditions, it was possible to quantify CO in urine samples without interference of uric acid and ascorbic acid. The working linear range for CO quantification was achieved from 1.0 × 10-7 to 0.5 × 10-3mol L-1 with a low limit of detection of 2.14 × 10-8mol L-1. Furthermore, the proposed method showed high repeatability for 10 consecutive injections of 1.0 × 10-4mol L-1 CO (relative standard deviation = 1.28%) and good analytical frequency (30 determinations per hour). The addition and recovery studies in all pharmaceutical samples were approximately 100% and the results for CO determination were compared by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV detection.
https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20180055
798 downloads
3.
Terpinen-4-ol, tyrosol, and β-lapachone as potential antifungals against dimorphic fungi
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Brilhante, Raimunda Sâmia Nogueira
; Caetano, Érica Pacheco
; Lima, Rita Amanda Chaves de
; Marques, Francisca Jakelyne de Farias
; Castelo-Branco, Débora de Souza Collares Maia
; Melo, Charlline Vládia Silva de
; Guedes, Glaucia Morgana de Melo
; Oliveira, Jonathas Sales de
; Camargo, Zoilo Pires de
; Moreira, José Luciano Bezerra
; Monteiro, André Jalles
; Bandeira, Tereza de Jesus Pinheiro Gomes
; Cordeiro, Rossana de Aguiar
; Rocha, Marcos Fábio Gadelha
; Sidrim, José Júlio Costa
.
Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro antifungal activity of terpinen-4-ol, tyrosol, and β-lapachone against strains of Coccidioides posadasii in filamentous phase (n = 22) and Histoplasma capsulatum in both filamentous (n = 40) and yeast phases (n = 13), using the broth dilution methods as described by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of these compounds. The mechanisms of action of these compounds were also investigated by analyzing their effect on cell membrane permeability and ergosterol synthesis. The MIC and MFCf these compounds against C. posadasii, mycelial H. capsulatum, and yeast-like H. capsulatum, were in the following ranges: 350-5720 µg/mL, 20-2860 µg/mL, and 40-1420 µg/mL, respectively for terpinen-4-ol; 250-4000 µg/mL, 30-2000 µg/mL, and 10-1000 µg/mL, respectively, for tyrosol; and 0.48-7.8 µg/mL, 0.25-16 µg/mL, and 0.125-4 µg/mL, respectively for β-lapachone. These compounds showed a decrease in MIC when the samples were subjected to osmotic stress, suggesting that the compounds acted on the fungal membrane. All the compounds were able to reduce the ergosterol content of the fungal strains. Finally, tyrosol was able to cause a leakage of intracellular molecules.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjm.2016.07.015
1107 downloads
4.
Intensity-Duration-Frequency relationships: stochastic modeling and disaggregation of daily rainfall in the lagoa Mirim watershed, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Damé, Rita de C. F
; Teixeira-Gandra, Claudia F. A.
; Guedes, Hugo A. S.
; Silva, Gisele M. da
; Silveira, Suélen C. R. da
.
RESUMO Objetivou-se verificar se há ganho de informação em termos de relações Intensidade- Duração-Frequência (IDF) de ocorrência de chuva, obtidas a partir de N+M anos de dados para sete estações pluviométricas, pertencentes à bacia hidrográfica da lagoa Mirim (bacia do Atlântico Sul). A partir de N anos de chuva diária observada, foram ajustadas as probabilidades de transição da cadeia de Markov homogênea de dois estados, utilizada na simulação da ocorrência de dias secos e chuvosos, bem como a distribuição Gama, para quantificar a chuva, sendo a série de chuva diária composta por N+M anos, e M a série gerada. As séries compostas foram ajustadas à distribuição de Gumbel e utilizadas na desagregação da chuva máxima diária anual para as durações de 10, 20, 30, 40; 50; 60; 120; 360; 720 e 1440 min. Na validação da metodologia da desagregação da chuva diária, foram comparadas as relações IDFs, a partir de registros pluviográficos, com as obtidas a partir de N anos, bem como as obtidas a partir de N+M anos, utilizando o teste “t” do erro relativo médio quadrático. Concluiu-se que houve ganho de informação em termos de relações IDF de ocorrência de chuva, quando são utilizados N anos de dados observados e M anos de dados gerados, mediante a modelagem estocástica, comparativamente às obtidas a partir da série composta de N anos.
ABSTRACT This study aimed to investigate information gain by using rainfall intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) relationships, with data gathered within N+M years from seven rain gauge stations located in the Lagoa Mirim Watershed (South Atlantic basin). After N years of daily rainfall, the transition probabilities of a time homogeneous two-state Markov chain were defined to simulate rainfall occurrence, as well as gamma distribution to measure it; for that, daily rainfall series were composed of N+M years, with M being the generated series. The series were adjusted to Gumbel distribution, being used in annual maximum daily rainfall disaggregation for durations of 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 120, 360, 720 and 1440 min. Daily rainfall disaggregation was validated through IDF relationships taken from pluviograph records of N years and from N+M years, using the “t” test of relative mean squared error. We can infer that there was information gain using IDF relationships of rainfall occurrence when using N years of observed data and M years of generated data by stochastic modeling compared to those obtained from a composed series of N years.
5.
Estratégias de irrigação com água salina no tomateiro cereja em ambiente protegido
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Guedes, Rodolfo A. A.
; Oliveira, Francisco de A. de
; Alves, Rita de C.
; Medeiros, Ana S. de
; Gomes, Lucas P.
; Costa, Luilson P.
.
Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental
- Journal Metrics
RESUMOO uso de água salina na irrigação é um desafio para pesquisadores e produtores rurais, sendo fundamental o desenvolvimento de novas estratégias para manejo da irrigação utilizando essas águas. Os tratamentos foram constituídos por seis estratégias de aplicação de água salina (T1 - Água de baixa salinidade (S1-0,5 dS m-1) durante todo o ciclo; T2 - Água salina (S2-3,5 dS m-1) durante todo o ciclo; T3-S1 e S2 durante todo o ciclo; T4-S1 e S2, com divisão do sistema radicular por um filtro plástico; T5-S1 e S2, com divisão do sistema radicular alternando-se as águas a cada 15 dias; T6-S1e S2, sem divisão do sistema radicular alternando-se as águas a cada 15 dias). Foram realizadas cinco colheitas de frutos e as plantas foram coletadas aos 100 dias após o transplante e avaliadas quanto às seguintes variáveis: número de folhas, área foliar, altura, diâmetro do caule, massa seca de folhas, massa seca de caule, massa seca de frutos, número de cachos, número de frutos e produção de frutos. A maioria das variáveis foi afetada pela salinidade da água de irrigação. O maior rendimento de frutos foi obtido com uso de água de baixa salinidade e quando se realizou mistura de água e alternando-as quinzenalmente, demonstrando a viabilidade dessas técnicas.
ABSTRACTThe use of saline water for irrigation is a challenge for researchers and farmers, being fundamental to develop new strategies for irrigation management using these waters. Treatments consisted of six strategies of saline water application (T1-low salinity water (S1-0.5 dS m-1) during entire cycle; T2-saline water (S2-3.5 dS m-1) during entire cycle; T3-S1 and S2 during entire cycle; T4-S1 and S2, with root system divided by a plastic filter; T5-S1 and S2, with root system division and alternance of S1 and S2 each 15 days; T6-S1 e S2, without root system division, with water alternance every 15 days). Five harvests were carried out and plants were sampled 100 days after transplanting for evaluation of the following variables: number of leaves, leaf area, height, stem diameter, dry mass, number of fruits, mean mass of fruits and fruit yield. Most variables were affected by irrigation water salinity. The higher fruit yield was obtained using low salinity water and when waters were mixed and alternated each fifteen days, which demonstrates the viability of these techniques.
https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v19n10p913-919
2853 downloads
6.
Growing knowledge: an overview of Seed Plant diversity in Brazil
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Zappi, Daniela C.
; Filardi, Fabiana L. Ranzato
; Leitman, Paula
; Souza, Vinícius C.
; Walter, Bruno M.T.
; Pirani, José R.
; Morim, Marli P.
; Queiroz, Luciano P.
; Cavalcanti, Taciana B.
; Mansano, Vidal F.
; Forzza, Rafaela C.
; Abreu, Maria C.
; Acevedo-Rodríguez, Pedro
; Agra, Maria F.
; Almeida Jr., Eduardo B.
; Almeida, Gracineide S.S.
; Almeida, Rafael F.
; Alves, Flávio M.
; Alves, Marccus
; Alves-Araujo, Anderson
; Amaral, Maria C.E.
; Amorim, André M.
; Amorim, Bruno
; Andrade, Ivanilza M.
; Andreata, Regina H.P.
; Andrino, Caroline O.
; Anunciação, Elisete A.
; Aona, Lidyanne Y.S.
; Aranguren, Yani
; Aranha Filho, João L.M.
; Araújo, Andrea O.
; Araújo, Ariclenes A.M.
; Araújo, Diogo
; Arbo, María M.
; Assis, Leandro
; Assis, Marta C.
; Assunção, Vivian A.
; Athiê-Souza, Sarah M.
; Azevedo, Cecilia O.
; Baitello, João B.
; Barberena, Felipe F.V.A.
; Barbosa, Maria R.V.
; Barros, Fábio
; Barros, Lucas A.V.
; Barros, Michel J.F.
; Baumgratz, José F.A.
; Bernacci, Luis C.
; Berry, Paul E.
; Bigio, Narcísio C.
; Biral, Leonardo
; Bittrich, Volker
; Borges, Rafael A.X.
; Bortoluzzi, Roseli L.C.
; Bove, Cláudia P.
; Bovini, Massimo G.
; Braga, João M.A.
; Braz, Denise M.
; Bringel Jr., João B.A.
; Bruniera, Carla P.
; Buturi, Camila V.
; Cabral, Elza
; Cabral, Fernanda N.
; Caddah, Mayara K.
; Caires, Claudenir S.
; Calazans, Luana S.B.
; Calió, Maria F.
; Camargo, Rodrigo A.
; Campbell, Lisa
; Canto-Dorow, Thais S.
; Carauta, Jorge P.P.
; Cardiel, José M.
; Cardoso, Domingos B.O.S.
; Cardoso, Leandro J.T.
; Carneiro, Camila R.
; Carneiro, Cláudia E.
; Carneiro-Torres, Daniela S.
; Carrijo, Tatiana T.
; Caruzo, Maria B.R.
; Carvalho, Maria L.S.
; Carvalho-Silva, Micheline
; Castello, Ana C.D.
; Cavalheiro, Larissa
; Cervi, Armando C.
; Chacon, Roberta G.
; Chautems, Alain
; Chiavegatto, Berenice
; Chukr, Nádia S.
; Coelho, Alexa A.O.P.
; Coelho, Marcus A.N.
; Coelho, Rubens L.G.
; Cordeiro, Inês
; Cordula, Elizabeth
; Cornejo, Xavier
; Côrtes, Ana L.A.
; Costa, Andrea F.
; Costa, Fabiane N.
; Costa, Jorge A.S.
; Costa, Leila C.
; Costa-e-Silva, Maria B.
; Costa-Lima, James L.
; Cota, Maria R.C.
; Couto, Ricardo S.
; Daly, Douglas C.
; De Stefano, Rodrigo D.
; De Toni, Karen
; Dematteis, Massimiliano
; Dettke, Greta A.
; Di Maio, Fernando R.
; Dórea, Marcos C.
; Duarte, Marília C.
; Dutilh, Julie H.A.
; Dutra, Valquíria F.
; Echternacht, Lívia
; Eggers, Lilian
; Esteves, Gerleni
; Ezcurra, Cecilia
; Falcão Junior, Marcus J.A.
; Feres, Fabíola
; Fernandes, José M.
; Ferreira, D.M.C.
; Ferreira, Fabrício M.
; Ferreira, Gabriel E.
; Ferreira, Priscila P.A.
; Ferreira, Silvana C.
; Ferrucci, Maria S.
; Fiaschi, Pedro
; Filgueiras, Tarciso S.
; Firens, Marcela
; Flores, Andreia S.
; Forero, Enrique
; Forster, Wellington
; Fortuna-Perez, Ana P.
; Fortunato, Reneé H.
; Fraga, Cléudio N.
; França, Flávio
; Francener, Augusto
; Freitas, Joelcio
; Freitas, Maria F.
; Fritsch, Peter W.
; Furtado, Samyra G.
; Gaglioti, André L.
; Garcia, Flávia C.P.
; Germano Filho, Pedro
; Giacomin, Leandro
; Gil, André S.B.
; Giulietti, Ana M.
; A.P.Godoy, Silvana
; Goldenberg, Renato
; Gomes da Costa, Géssica A.
; Gomes, Mário
; Gomes-Klein, Vera L.
; Gonçalves, Eduardo Gomes
; Graham, Shirley
; Groppo, Milton
; Guedes, Juliana S.
; Guimarães, Leonardo R.S.
; Guimarães, Paulo J.F.
; Guimarães, Elsie F.
; Gutierrez, Raul
; Harley, Raymond
; Hassemer, Gustavo
; Hattori, Eric K.O.
; Hefler, Sonia M.
; Heiden, Gustavo
; Henderson, Andrew
; Hensold, Nancy
; Hiepko, Paul
; Holanda, Ana S.S.
; Iganci, João R.V.
; Imig, Daniela C.
; Indriunas, Alexandre
; Jacques, Eliane L.
; Jardim, Jomar G.
; Kamer, Hiltje M.
; Kameyama, Cíntia
; Kinoshita, Luiza S.
; Kirizawa, Mizué
; Klitgaard, Bente B.
; Koch, Ingrid
; Koschnitzke, Cristiana
; Krauss, Nathália P.
; Kriebel, Ricardo
; Kuntz, Juliana
; Larocca, João
; Leal, Eduardo S.
; Lewis, Gwilym P.
; Lima, Carla T.
; Lima, Haroldo C.
; Lima, Itamar B.
; Lima, Laíce F.G.
; Lima, Laura C.P.
; Lima, Leticia R.
; Lima, Luís F.P.
; Lima, Rita B.
; Lírio, Elton J.
; Liro, Renata M.
; Lleras, Eduardo
; Lobão, Adriana
; Loeuille, Benoit
; Lohmann, Lúcia G.
; Loiola, Maria I.B.
; Lombardi, Julio A.
; Longhi-Wagner, Hilda M.
; Lopes, Rosana C.
; Lorencini, Tiago S.
; Louzada, Rafael B.
; Lovo, Juliana
; Lozano, Eduardo D.
; Lucas, Eve
; Ludtke, Raquel
; Luz, Christian L.
; Maas, Paul
; Machado, Anderson F.P.
; Macias, Leila
; Maciel, Jefferson R.
; Magenta, Mara A.G.
; Mamede, Maria C.H.
; Manoel, Evelin A.
; Marchioretto, Maria S.
; Marques, Juliana S.
; Marquete, Nilda
; Marquete, Ronaldo
; Martinelli, Gustavo
; Martins da Silva, Regina C.V.
; Martins, Ângela B.
; Martins, Erika R.
; Martins, Márcio L.L.
; Martins, Milena V.
; Martins, Renata C.
; Matias, Ligia Q.
; Maya-L., Carlos A.
; Mayo, Simon
; Mazine, Fiorella
; Medeiros, Debora
; Medeiros, Erika S.
; Medeiros, Herison
; Medeiros, João D.
; Meireles, José E.
; Mello-Silva, Renato
; Melo, Aline
; Melo, André L.
; Melo, Efigênia
; Melo, José I.M.
; Menezes, Cristine G.
; Menini Neto, Luiz
; Mentz, Lilian A.
; Mezzonato, A.C.
; Michelangeli, Fabián A.
; Milward-de-Azevedo, Michaele A.
; Miotto, Silvia T.S.
; Miranda, Vitor F.O.
; Mondin, Cláudio A.
; Monge, Marcelo
; Monteiro, Daniele
; Monteiro, Raquel F.
; Moraes, Marta D.
; Moraes, Pedro L.R.
; Mori, Scott A.
; Mota, Aline C.
; Mota, Nara F.O.
; Moura, Tania M.
; Mulgura, Maria
; Nakajima, Jimi N.
; Nardy, Camila
; Nascimento Júnior, José E.
; Noblick, Larry
; Nunes, Teonildes S.
; O'Leary, Nataly
; Oliveira, Arline S.
; Oliveira, Caetano T.
; Oliveira, Juliana A.
; Oliveira, Luciana S.D.
; Oliveira, Maria L.A.A.
; Oliveira, Regina C.
; Oliveira, Renata S.
; Oliveira, Reyjane P.
; Paixão-Souza, Bruno
; Parra, Lara R.
; Pasini, Eduardo
; Pastore, José F.B.
; Pastore, Mayara
; Paula-Souza, Juliana
; Pederneiras, Leandro C.
; Peixoto, Ariane L.
; Pelissari, Gisela
; Pellegrini, Marco O.O.
; Pennington, Toby
; Perdiz, Ricardo O.
; Pereira, Anna C.M.
; Pereira, Maria S.
; Pereira, Rodrigo A.S.
; Pessoa, Clenia
; Pessoa, Edlley M.
; Pessoa, Maria C.R.
; Pinto, Luiz J.S.
; Pinto, Rafael B.
; Pontes, Tiago A.
; Prance, Ghillean T.
; Proença, Carolyn
; Profice, Sheila R.
; Pscheidt, Allan C.
; Queiroz, George A.
; Queiroz, Rubens T.
; Quinet, Alexandre
; Rainer, Heimo
; Ramos, Eliana
; Rando, Juliana G.
; Rapini, Alessandro
; Reginato, Marcelo
; Reis, Ilka P.
; Reis, Priscila A.
; Ribeiro, André R.O.
; Ribeiro, José E.L.S.
; Riina, Ricarda
; Ritter, Mara R.
; Rivadavia, Fernando
; Rocha, Antônio E.S.
; Rocha, Maria J.R.
; Rodrigues, Izabella M.C.
; Rodrigues, Karina F.
; Rodrigues, Rodrigo S.
; Rodrigues, Rodrigo S.
; Rodrigues, Vinícius T.
; Rodrigues, William
; Romaniuc Neto, Sérgio
; Romão, Gerson O.
; Romero, Rosana
; Roque, Nádia
; Rosa, Patrícia
; Rossi, Lúcia
; Sá, Cyl F.C.
; Saavedra, Mariana M.
; Saka, Mariana
; Sakuragui, Cássia M.
; Salas, Roberto M.
; Sales, Margareth F.
; Salimena, Fatima R.G.
; Sampaio, Daniela
; Sancho, Gisela
; Sano, Paulo T.
; Santos, Alessandra
; Santos, Élide P.
; Santos, Juliana S.
; Santos, Marianna R.
; Santos-Gonçalves, Ana P.
; Santos-Silva, Fernanda
; São-Mateus, Wallace
; Saraiva, Deisy P.
; Saridakis, Dennis P.
; Sartori, Ângela L.B.
; Scalon, Viviane R.
; Schneider, Ângelo
; Sebastiani, Renata
; Secco, Ricardo S.
; Senna, Luisa
; Senna-Valle, Luci
; Shirasuna, Regina T.
; Silva Filho, Pedro J.S.
; Silva, Anádria S.
; Silva, Christian
; Silva, Genilson A.R.
; Silva, Gisele O.
; Silva, Márcia C.R.
; Silva, Marcos J.
; Silva, Marcos J.
; Silva, Otávio L.M.
; Silva, Rafaela A.P.
; Silva, Saura R.
; Silva, Tania R.S.
; Silva-Gonçalves, Kelly C.
; Silva-Luz, Cíntia L.
; Simão-Bianchini, Rosângela
; Simões, André O.
; Simpson, Beryl
; Siniscalchi, Carolina M.
; Siqueira Filho, José A.
; Siqueira, Carlos E.
; Siqueira, Josafá C.
; Smith, Nathan P.
; Snak, Cristiane
; Soares Neto, Raimundo L.
; Soares, Kelen P.
; Soares, Marcos V.B.
; Soares, Maria L.
; Soares, Polyana N.
; Sobral, Marcos
; Sodré, Rodolfo C.
; Somner, Genise V.
; Sothers, Cynthia A.
; Sousa, Danilo J.L.
; Souza, Elnatan B.
; Souza, Élvia R.
; Souza, Marcelo
; Souza, Maria L.D.R.
; Souza-Buturi, Fátima O.
; Spina, Andréa P.
; Stapf, María N.S.
; Stefano, Marina V.
; Stehmann, João R.
; Steinmann, Victor
; Takeuchi, Cátia
; Taylor, Charlotte M.
; Taylor, Nigel P.
; Teles, Aristônio M.
; Temponi, Lívia G.
; Terra-Araujo, Mário H.
; Thode, Veronica
; Thomas, W.Wayt
; Tissot-Squalli, Mara L.
; Torke, Benjamin M.
; Torres, Roseli B.
; Tozzi, Ana M.G.A.
; Trad, Rafaela J.
; Trevisan, Rafael
; Trovó, Marcelo
; Valls, José F.M.
; Vaz, Angela M.S.F.
; Versieux, Leonardo
; Viana, Pedro L.
; Vianna Filho, Marcelo D.M.
; Vieira, Ana O.S.
; Vieira, Diego D.
; Vignoli-Silva, Márcia
; Vilar, Thaisa
; Vinhos, Franklin
; Wallnöfer, Bruno
; Wanderley, Maria G.L.
; Wasshausen, Dieter
; Watanabe, Maurício T.C.
; Weigend, Maximilian
; Welker, Cassiano A.D.
; Woodgyer, Elizabeth
; Xifreda, Cecilia C.
; Yamamoto, Kikyo
; Zanin, Ana
; Zenni, Rafael D.
; Zickel, Carmem S
.
Resumo Um levantamento atualizado das plantas com sementes e análises relevantes acerca desta biodiversidade são apresentados. Este trabalho se iniciou em 2010 com a publicação do Catálogo de Plantas e Fungos e, desde então vem sendo atualizado por mais de 430 especialistas trabalhando online. O Brasil abriga atualmente 32.086 espécies nativas de Angiospermas e 23 espécies nativas de Gimnospermas e estes novos dados mostram um aumento de 3% da riqueza em relação a 2010. A Amazônia é o Domínio Fitogeográfico com o maior número de espécies de Gimnospermas, enquanto que a Floresta Atlântica possui a maior riqueza de Angiospermas. Houve um crescimento considerável no número de espécies e nas taxas de endemismo para a maioria dos Domínios (Caatinga, Cerrado, Floresta Atlântica, Pampa e Pantanal), com exceção da Amazônia que apresentou uma diminuição de 2,5% de endemicidade. Entretanto, a maior parte das plantas com sementes que ocorrem no Brasil (57,4%) é endêmica deste território. A proporção de formas de vida varia de acordo com os diferentes Domínios: árvores são mais expressivas na Amazônia e Floresta Atlântica do que nos outros biomas, ervas são dominantes no Pampa e as lianas apresentam riqueza expressiva na Amazônia, Floresta Atlântica e Pantanal. Este trabalho não só quantifica a biodiversidade brasileira, mas também indica as lacunas de conhecimento e o desafio a ser enfrentado para a conservação desta flora.
Abstract An updated inventory of Brazilian seed plants is presented and offers important insights into the country's biodiversity. This work started in 2010, with the publication of the Plants and Fungi Catalogue, and has been updated since by more than 430 specialists working online. Brazil is home to 32,086 native Angiosperms and 23 native Gymnosperms, showing an increase of 3% in its species richness in relation to 2010. The Amazon Rainforest is the richest Brazilian biome for Gymnosperms, while the Atlantic Rainforest is the richest one for Angiosperms. There was a considerable increment in the number of species and endemism rates for biomes, except for the Amazon that showed a decrease of 2.5% of recorded endemics. However, well over half of Brazillian seed plant species (57.4%) is endemic to this territory. The proportion of life-forms varies among different biomes: trees are more expressive in the Amazon and Atlantic Rainforest biomes while herbs predominate in the Pampa, and lianas are more expressive in the Amazon, Atlantic Rainforest, and Pantanal. This compilation serves not only to quantify Brazilian biodiversity, but also to highlight areas where there information is lacking and to provide a framework for the challenge faced in conserving Brazil's unique and diverse flora.
https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860201566411
33340 downloads
7.
Influence of dual task and frailty on gait parameters of older community-dwelling individuals
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Guedes, Rita C.
; Dias, Rosângela C.
; Pereira, Leani S. M.
; Silva, Sílvia L. A.
; Lustosa, Lygia P.
; Dias, João M. D.
.
Background: Gait parameters such as gait speed (GS) are important indicators of functional capacity. Frailty Syndrome is closely related to GS and is also capable of predicting adverse outcomes. The cognitive demand of gait control is usually explored with dual-task (DT) methodology. Objective: To investigate the effect of DT and frailty on the spatio-temporal parameters of gait in older people and identify which variables relate to GS. Method: The presence of frailty was verified by Fried's Frailty Criteria. Cognitive function was evaluated with the Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) and gait parameters were analyzed through the GAITRite(r) system in the single-task and DT conditions. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov, ANOVA, and Pearson's Correlation tests were administered. Results: The participants were assigned to the groups frail (FG), pre-frail (PFG), and non-frail (NFG). During the DT, the three groups showed a decrease in GS, cadence, and stride length and an increase in stride time (p<0.001). The reduction in the GS of the FG during the DT showed a positive correlation with the MMSE scores (r=730; p=0.001) and with grip strength (r=681; p=0.001). Conclusions: Gait parameters are more affected by the DT, especially in the frail older subjects. The reduction in GS in the FG is associated with lower grip strength and lower scores in the MMSE. The GS was able to discriminate the older adults in the three levels of frailty, being an important measure of the functional capacity in this population.
https://doi.org/10.1590/bjpt-rbf.2014.0034
2564 downloads
8.
Total hip arthroplasty in the elderly: impact on functional performance
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Guedes, Rita C.
; Dias, João M. D.
; Dias, Rosângela C.
; Borges, Viviane S.
; Lustosa, Lygia P.
; Rosa, Nayza M. B.
.
OBJETIVOS: Comparar os parâmetros da marcha e o desempenho funcional de idosos com e sem artroplastia total de quadril (ATQ). MÉTODOS: Foram selecionados 23 idosos (72±6,5 anos) após média de 2,6±1,3 anos de ATQ e 23 idosos assintomáticos (70,1±5,9 anos), pareados por gênero, idade, índice de massa corpórea (IMC) e nível de atividade física. Utilizou-se o sistema GAITRite® em quatro situações distintas: velocidades habitual (VH), rápida (VR), lenta (VL) e tarefa dupla (TD). A capacidade funcional foi avaliada pelo Dynamic Gait Index (DGI) e Timed Up and Go (TUG). Na análise estatística, utilizaram-se os testes Shapiro-Wilk, t-Student para amostras independentes, Qui-quadrado, ANOVA com medidas repetidas e t-Student pareado. RESULTADOS: O grupo artroplastia (GA) apresentou piores resultados estatisticamente significantes no que se refere à velocidade de marcha (VM) (GA=1,18±0,13 e GC=1,39±0,09; p=0,012), índice de simetria (IS) do comprimento do passo (GA=3,60±1,01 e GC=1,12±0,59; p=0,000), IS do tempo do passo (GA=-2,65±0,92 e GC=0,99±0,74; p=0,000), IS da duração da fase de apoio (GA=-2,55 e GC=-1,04±0,50; p=0,005), IS da duração da subfase de apoio único (GA=-2,17±0,78 e GC=1,21±0,51; p=0,003), DGI (GA=20,04±1,91 e GC=21,69±1,45; p=0,001) e TUG (GA=14,67±1,94 e GC=10,08±1,49; p=0,001). CONCLUSÃO: Idosos com ATQ apresentaram alterações nos parâmetros da marcha, mesmo após 2,6±1,3 anos de cirurgia, e pior desempenho no teste TUG, indicando comprometimento funcional.
OBJECTIVES: To compare gait and functional performance parameters in elderly subjects who had or had not total hip arthroplasty (THA). METHODS: Our sample comprised 23 elderly subjects (72±6.5 years of age) with a mean of 2.6±1.3 years following THA, named the arthroplasty group (AG) and 23 asymptomatic elderly subjects (70.1±5.9 years of age), named the control group (CG). Case and control subjects were paired by gender, age, body mass index and level of physical activity. The GAITRite® system was used to analyze various gait parameters in four situations: usual speed (US), fast speed (FS), slow speed (SS) and dual task (DT); the Dynamic Gait Index (DGI) and Timed Up and Go test (TUG) methods were used to evaluate functional capacity. The statistical analyses were carried out using the Shapiro-Wilk test, Student's-t-tests for independent samples, chi-square tests, ANOVA for repeated measurements and paired Student's-t-tests. RESULTS: The AG had the worst results for gait speed (AG=1.18±0.13 and CG=1.39±0.09; p=0.012), symmetry index (SI) of step length (AG=3.60±1.01 and CG=1.12±0.59; p=0.000), SI of step time (AG=-2.65±0.92 and CG=0.99±0.74; p=0.000), SI of stance phase (AG=-2.55 and CG=-1.04±0.50; p=0.005), SI of single support phase (AG=-2.17±0.78 and CG=1.21±0.51; p=0.003), DGI (AG=20.04±1.91 and CG=21.69±1.45; p=0.001) and TUG (AG=14.67±1.94 and CG=10.08±1.49; p=0.001). CONCLUSION: Elderly subjects with a history of THA had changes in gait parameters and lower performance in TUG test even 2.6±1,3 years after surgery, which suggests functional impairment.
18409 downloads
9.
Níveis plasmáticos de cafeína no cordão umbilical e apneia da prematuridade
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OBJETIVO: Determinar a influência da presença de cafeína no sangue de cordão umbilical na ocorrência de apneia. MÉTODOS: Estudo de coorte prospectivo de recém-nascidos pré-termo com peso de nascimento menor que 2.000 g. Os critérios de exclusão foram: mães que receberam opioides; ventilação mecânica durante os primeiros 4 dias de vida; malformações cerebrais e cardíacas maiores; asfixia perinatal; hemorragia peri-intraventricular grave; exsanguineotransfusão antes do quarto dia de vida; e uso de metilxantina antes da extubação. Os recém-nascidos foram divididos em com e sem cafeína detectável no sangue de cordão umbilical, sendo acompanhados nos primeiros 4 dias para verificar ocorrência de apneia. RESULTADOS: Oitenta e sete recém-nascidos com e 40 sem cafeína detectável no sangue de cordão umbilical foram estudados. A mediana da concentração de cafeína dos 87 pacientes com cafeína detectável no sangue de cordão umbilical foi 2,3 µg/mL (0,2-9,4 µg/mL). Não houve associação entre ocorrência de apneia e presença de cafeína no sangue de cordão umbilical. Recém-nascidos com cafeína detectável no cordão umbilical tiveram tendência a apresentar apneia mais tardiamente (66,3±4,14 horas) do que aqueles com níveis indetectáveis (54,2±6,26 horas). CONCLUSÃO: A detecção de níveis de cafeína no sangue de cordão umbilical não diminuiu a ocorrência de apneia da prematuridade, mas teve um efeito limítrofe atrasando sua ocorrência, o que sugere que mesmo um nível baixo de cafeína no sangue de cordão umbilical pode retardar a ocorrência de apneia.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the influence of presence of caffeine in umbilical cord blood on apnea occurrence. METHODS: A prospective cohort study with preterm newborns with birth weight lower than 2,000 g was undertaken. Exclusion criteria were: mothers who received opioids; mechanical ventilation during the first 4 days of life; cerebral and major cardiac malformations; perinatal asphyxia; severe periintraventricular hemorrhage; exchange transfusion before the fourth day of life; and those who received methylxantine prior to extubation. Neonates were divided into detectable and undetectable caffeine in umbilical cord blood. Newborns were followed for the first 4 days for occurrence of apnea spells. RESULTS: Eighty-seven newborns with and 40 without detectable caffeine in umbilical cord blood were studied. Median caffeine concentration of the 87 patients with detectable caffeine in umbilical blood was 2.3 µg/mL (0.2-9.4 µg/mL). There was no association between occurrence of apnea spells and presence of caffeine in umbilical cord blood. Neonates with detectable caffeine in umbilical blood had borderline later apnea (66.3±4.14 hours) than those with undetectable levels (54.2±6.26 hours). CONCLUSION: Detected levels of caffeine in umbilical cord blood did not decrease occurrence of apnea of prematurity, but it had a borderline effect delaying its occurrence, suggesting that even a low level of caffeine in umbilical cord blood might delay occurrence of apnea spells.
5963 downloads
10.
Antimicrobial activity of bergenin from Endopleura uchi (Huber) Cuatrec
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Silva, Saulo L. da
; Oliveira, Viviane Guedes de
; Yano, Tomomasa
; Nunomura, Rita de Cássia Saraiva
.
Endopleura uchi (Huber) Cuatrec. é uma espécie amazônica utilizada tradicionalmente para o tratamento de inflamações uterinas e outras afecções femininas. Das cascas de E. uchi foi isolada a substância bergenina, por meio de cromatografia em coluna usando como fases estacionárias sephadex LH-20 e posteriormente, sílica gel 60 flash. A identificação estrutural de bergenina foi realizada por meio de espectros de RMN. A avaliação da atividade antimicrobiana da bergenina, dos extratos e frações de E. uchi foi realizada contra microorganismos ATCC e clinicamente isolados (Escherichia coli, Salmonella enteritidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, C. guilliermondii, Aspergillus flavus, A. nidulans). Além desses, foram testados os microorganismos isolados clinicamente (C. tropicalis, A. nidulans, A. niger, Shigella sonnei, Serratia marcenses, Klebsiella pneumoniae e Enterococcus faecalis). A inibição de crescimento dos microorganismos pela bergenina e extratos e frações de E. uchi contra os microorganismos ATCC foram similares à inibição obtida contra microorganimos isolados clinicamente. Os resultados revelaram a bergenina como um inibidor seletivo de Candida albicans, C. tropicalis e C. guilliermondii. Porém, a bergenina apresentou uma atividade inferior contra os fungos Aspergillus flavus, A. nidulans, A. niger, e não inibiu o crescimento de bactérias Gram positivas e Gram negativas. As atividades da fração de acetato de etila e da bergenina pura estão em concordância com a concentração da bergenina nas cascas. A atividade seletiva de bergenina contra três espécies de Candida auxilia na compreensão do seu uso tradicional contra que infecções que afetam o aparelho reprodutor feminino.
Endopleura uchi (Huber) Cuatrec. is an Amazon species traditionally used as treatment for inflammations and female disorders. Bergenin was isolated from ethyl acetate fraction of bark of E. uchi by using column chromatography over sephadex LH-20 and then silica gel 60 flash. Its structure was identified on the basis of its NMR spectra. The antimicrobial activity of bergenin and fractions of methanol extract of E. uchi were evaluated against ATCC microorganisms (Escherichia coli, Salmonella enteritidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, C. guilliermondii, Aspergillus flavus, A. nidulans). Clinically isolated strains of all of these microorganisms, along with C. tropicalis, A. niger, Shigella sonnei, Serratia marcenses and Klebsiella pneumoniae were also evaluated. The growth inhibition caused by bergenin, extracts and fractions of E. uchi against ATCC microorganisms were similar to the inhibition to microorganisms clinically isolated. The ethyl acetate fraction and the isolate bergenin inhibit the growth of the yeasts C. albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. guilliermondii, but present lower activity against filamentous fungi Aspergillus flavus, A. nidulans, A. niger, and did not inhibit the Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. The activity of the ethyl acetate fraction and bergenin are in agreement wit its high concentration found in bark extract of E. uchi. Moreover, the selective activity against three Candida species helps to understand its traditional use against infections that affect women.
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0044-59672009000100019
6932 downloads
11.
Triterpenos e alcalóide tipo cantinona dos galhos de Simaba polyphylla (Cavalcante) W.W. Thomas (Simaroubaceae)
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Saraiva, Rita de Cássia Guedes
; Pinto, Angelo C.
; Nunomura, Sergio Massayoshi
; Pohlit, Adrian Martin
.
Simaba polyphylla is a small tree found in the Amazon region, known by the common names "marupazinho" or "serve para tudo". It is used in traditional medicine for the treatment of fevers. This work describes the phytochemical study of the hexane extract and chloroform fraction obtained by partitioning the methanol extract of stems, which led to isolation and identification of the triterpenes niloticin, dyhidroniloticin, taraxerone and of the cytotoxic alkaloid 9-methoxy-canthin-6-one. These compounds are described for the first time in S. polyphylla.
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Cited 1 time in SciELO
12.
Modelagem das perdas causadas por Sitophilus zeamais e Rhyzopertha dominica em trigo armazenado
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Silva, Arienilmar A. L. da
; Faroni, Lêda Rita D'Antonino
; Guedes, Raul N. C.
; Martins, José H.
; Pimentel, Marco A. G.
.
Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental
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Modelaram-se as perdas associadas à infestação de S. zeamais e R. dominica em trigo armazenado. Durante 90 dias de armazenagem, avaliaram-se a população de insetos, a umidade dos grãos, o percentual de grãos danificados por insetos, o peso hectolítrico e a perda de matéria seca da massa de grãos, em temperaturas de 16 a 36 °C. Segundo a Norma Brasileira de Classificação e Comercialização, o trigo que ultrapassar 1,5% de grãos danificados é classificado como "abaixo do padrão"e os modelos calculam que seria necessária uma população de S. zeamais de 180 insetos kg-1 para se atingir o percentual de 1,5% de grãos danificados, associado a umedecimento de 0,13%, redução no peso hectolítrico de 0,4 kg hL-1 e perda de 0,7% de matéria seca. Para R. dominica, uma população de 64 insetos kg-1 leva a 1,5% de grãos danificados, juntamente com o umedecimento de 0,07%, redução de 0,5 kg hL-1 no peso hectolítrico e perda de 0,5% de matéria seca. Em populações de mesmo tamanho, R. dominica foi mais prejudicial que S. zeamais. Dentre os fatores de perda e classificação comercial do trigo, o percentual de grãos danificados foi o mais influenciado pelo crescimento populacional dos insetos.
The losses in wheat storage associated with infestation of S. zeamais and R. dominica were modeled. In the course of 90 days of storage, insect population, moisture content, percentage of weight loss of insect damaged grains, test weight per hectoliter and dry matter loss of wheat grains were evaluated at 16-36 °C. In conformity with the Brazilian Classification and Commercialization Standards, the designation "below standard"is applied to wheat that contains more than 1.5% of insect damaged grains and the models predict that in case of S. zeamais a population of 180 insects kg-1 would be necessary to achieve 1.5% of damaged grains, associated with a moisture content of 0.13%, test weight reduction of 0.4 kg hL-1 and 0.7% of dry matter loss. For R. dominica, 64 insects kg-1 would be necessary to achieve 1.5% damaged grains, associated with a moisture content of 0.07%, test weight reduction of 0.5 kg hL-1 and 0.5% of dry matter loss. For equal size populations, the R. dominica was more harmful than S. zeamais. Among loss, grade and class factors for wheat, percent weight loss of insect damaged grains was more affected by the insect population growth.
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