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au:GUERRA, ANTONIO F.

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Isolation and identification of antagonistic fungi of fungi associated with chili wilt in southern Guanajuato, Mexico
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Martínez-Martínez, Talina Olivia

; Martínez-Camacho, Adriana Paola

; Rodríguez-Guerra, Raúl

; Mariscal-Amaro, Luis Antonio

; Rivas-Valencia, Patricia

Revista mexicana de fitopatología

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2023, Volume 41 N. 2 Pages 268 - 284

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen El cultivo de chile (Capsicum annum) en México representa una fuente importante de ingresos; sin embargo, cada año se presentan pérdidas en la producción entre el 40 y 100% por la enfermedad conocida como marchitez. Esta enfermedad provoca la muerte prematura de plantas ocasionada por el complejo formado por Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium oxysporum, F. solani y Phytophthora capsici. El objetivo de esta investigación fue aislar hongos antagónicos a patógenos asociados a la marchitez del chile a partir de muestras de suelo obtenidas en el sur de Guanajuato, México. Se aislaron hongos con potencial antagónico a Phytophthora spp., Fusarium spp. y Rhizoctonia spp. Se identificaron tres hongos con actividad antagónica constante, inhibiendo el crecimiento micelial, entre el 41-83%. La identificación molecular de los antagonistas se realizó amplificando las regiones intergénicas transcripcionales (ITS) del componente ADN 18S ribosomal, identificando los géneros Trichoderma, Aspergillus y Penicillium. Esta investigación contribuye al estudio de alternativas de control biológico de patógenos de raíz, empleando microorganismos nativos presentes en suelos de cultivo afectados por la marchitez del chile en el sur de Guanajuato, México.

Abstract The chili crop (Capsicum annuum) in Mexico represents an important economic source; however, every year there are losses in production of 40 to 100% due to the root disease known as wilt, which causes premature death of plants, this disease is caused by the fungi complex formed by Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solani and Phytophthora capsici. The objective of this research was to isolate antagonistic fungi to the pathogens causing wilt from soil samples obtained in the southern of the state of Guanajuato, Mexico. Antagonistic fungi potential against Rhizoctonia spp., Fusarium spp. and Phytophthora spp. were isolated. Then three fungi isolates presented antagonistic potential, inhibiting mycelial growth by 41 to 83%. Molecular identification of the antagonist fungi was performed by amplifying the intergenic transcriptional regions (ITS) of the 18S ribosomal DNA component of fungi. This research contributes to the study of biological control of root pathogens using beneficial native microorganisms present in crop soils affected by pathogens associated with chili wilt in southern Guanajuato, Mexico.

https://doi.org/10.18781/r.mex.fit.2302-1

A GOVERNANÇA PÚBLICA DO CARNAVAL EM SALVADOR E RECIFE
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Fernandes, Antônio Sérgio Araújo

; Andrade, Carlos Magno Diniz Guerra de

; Canedo, Daniele Pereira

; Miguez, Paulo

; Nascimento, Alex Bruno F. M. do

Cadernos Gestão Pública e Cidadania

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2023, Volume 28 elocation e89653

Abstract: En Es Pt | Text: En Es Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT The work analyzes the process of public governance of Carnival in a comparative way in Salvador (BA) and Recife (PE), Brazil. Based on Ostrom’s (1990) concept of common pool resources, the analysis of public governance was developed, having as an object of analysis the performance of the respective municipal councils for Carnival in both cities – City Council for Carnival and Other Popular Festivals (COMCAR), in Salvador, and City Council of Cultural Policy (CMPC), in Recife, in 2019. Documentary research was used in the work, with the appreciation of the minutes of COMCAR and CMPC meetings, as well as official documents and internal rules from two councils. The results show a relative adherence to Ostrom’s concepts of governance, and in the comparative analysis there are similarities and differences in the public governance of the carnival in both cities.

RESUMEN El trabajo analiza el proceso de gobernanza pública del carnaval de forma comparada en Salvador (BA) y Recife (PE). Con base en el concepto de bienes comunes de Ostrom (1990), se desarrolló el análisis de la gobernanza pública, teniendo como objeto de análisis el desempeño de los respectivos consejos municipales del carnaval en ambas ciudades –el Consejo Municipal del Carnaval y Otras Fiestas Populares (COMCAR) de Salvador y el Consejo Municipal de Política Cultural (CMPC) de Recife– en 2019. En el trabajo se utilizó la investigación documental, con la apreciación de las actas de las reuniones del COMCAR y del CMPC, así como de los documentos legales y reglamentos internos vinculados a los dos consejos Los resultados muestran una relativa adhesión a los conceptos de gobernanza de Ostrom y en el análisis comparativo se encuentran similitudes y diferencias en la gobernanza pública del carnaval en ambas ciudades.

RESUMO O trabalho analisa o processo de governança pública do carnaval de modo comparado em Salvador (BA) e no Recife (PE). Com base no conceito de Ostrom (1990) sobre common pool resources, desenvolveu-se a análise de governança pública, tendo como objeto de análise a atuação dos respectivos conselhos municipais do carnaval nas duas cidades – o Conselho Municipal do Carnaval e Outras Festas Populares (Comcar), em Salvador, e o Conselho Municipal de Política Cultural (CMPC), no Recife, no ano de 2019. Utilizou-se no trabalho pesquisa documental, com a apreciação das atas de reunião do Comcar e do CMPC, assim como os documentos legais e regimentos internos ligados aos dois conselhos. Os resultados mostram aderência relativa aos conceitos de governança de Ostrom (1990), e na análise comparada existem semelhanças e diferenças da governança pública do carnaval nas duas cidades.

https://doi.org/10.12660/cgpc.v28.89653

Supervivencia del trasplante renal en relación con la compatibilidad inmunológica en Cuba
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Mármol Sóñora, Alexander

; Pérez-Oliva Díaz, Jorge F.

; Chang Monteagudo, Arturo

; Enamorado Casanova, Antonio

; Alfonso Guerra, Jorge Pablo

; Gutiérrez García, Francisco

Revista Habanera de Ciencias Médicas

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feb 2022, Volume 21 N. 1 elocation e4373

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT Introduction: Kidney transplant is one of the methods of kidney function replacement, and immunological compatibility is the most important factor influencing survival. Objective: To define transplant survival and its relationship with the degree of compatibility. Material and Methods: Hospital-based retrospective study of survival time of the 827 transplanted patients in the nine centers of the country during the five-year period (2015 - 2019). The Kaplan Meier method was used to estimate the survival curves, using SPSS version 22.0. Results: The graft survival was 72,9 % and the patient survival was 89,0 % in the first year; the mean graft survival was 3,6 years, and the patient survival was 4,6 years. For patients with two and more compatibilities, graft survival was significantly higher in the first year (77,0 % versus 69,2 %), but it was lower for the rest. One year after, the survival rates related to the degree of compatibility are also different. Acute immune rejection, which is one of the main causes of graft loss, has a much higher incidence among the transplanted patients without compatibility than in the compatible ones (17,4 % versus 9,9 %). Infection was the predominant cause of death in these patients, which was incredibly significant in those who do not share compatibility as opposed to those who do share it (56,9 % versus 31,9 %). Conclusions: Immunological compatibility between donor and recipient results in differences between graft and patient survival rates, so the more compatibility between the donor and the recipient, the higher the survival rate.

RESUMEN Introducción: El trasplante renal es uno de los métodos de sustitución de la función renal y tiene como factor de mayor influencia en su supervivencia, la compatibilidad inmunológica. Objetivo: Definir la supervivencia del trasplante y su relación con el grado de compatibilidad. Material y Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo, del tiempo de supervivencia con base hospitalaria, de los 827 pacientes trasplantados entre los nueve centros del país, en el quinquenio 2015-2019. Para estimar las curvas de supervivencias se empleó el Método de Kaplan Meier, por el SPSS 22.0. Resultados: Supervivencia del injerto al año 72,9 % y paciente 89,0 %, con media de sobrevida de los injertos de 3,6 años y del paciente de 4,6. Para los pacientes con dos y más compatibilidad, la supervivencia del injerto al año fue mayor, 77,0 % v/s 69,2 % y menos, para el resto. Posterior al año, también son diferentes las supervivencias por grado de compatibilidad. El rechazo agudo inmunológico, que es una de las principales causas de pérdidas de injertos, tiene mucho mayor incidencia en los trasplantados sin compatibilidad que en los compatibles (17,4 % v/s 9,9 %). Para las causas de muerte de los pacientes, la infección fue la predominante, y muy significativo para los que no comparten compatibilidad v/s los que sí (56,9 % v/s 31,9 %). Conclusiones: La compatibilidad inmunológica entre donante y receptor, propicia diferencia en las supervivencias de injertos y pacientes, siendo mejor mientras más compatibles sean el donante y el receptor.

EVALUACIÓN DE IMPACTO AMBIENTAL EN LA FÁBRICA DE CONSERVAS REINADO, EMPRESA “LOS ATREVIDOS”
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Pérez Villar, Maira María

; Fabelo Falcón, José Antonio

; Pedrozo Anoceto, Francisco

; Guerra Valdés, Belkis F.

; Rosa Domínguez, Elena R.

Centro Azúcar

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dec 2021, Volume 48 N. 4 Pages 85 - 94

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT Introduction: The conserved factory “Reinado” is an industry that contribute to environment degradation because it is a high water consumer and generates a great amount of effluents and gaseous emissions. Objective: To carry out the Environmental Impact Assessment in “Reinado” factory through the Life Cycle Analysis methodology. Materials and Methods: The Environmental Diagnosis was carried out using the Methodology for the Environmental Diagnosis Execution to obtain the National Environmental Recognition. The SimaPro software was used for the Life Cycle Analysis, with a focusing cradle-to-gate. The ReCiPe methodology was used for the impact assessment, in the midpoint and endpoint versions. Results and Discussion: Production process has the greatest influence on environmental impacts, including the pollutants emission into the atmosphere (CO2, SO2, NOx and particulate matter) and excessive water consumption. With proposed actions, the company reduces human health damage in 81.6 % and in 67.8 %; to the ecosystem. It reduces impacts in 54 % by global warming and in 88 % by particulate matter formation and land acidification. Conclusions: The production process is the main polluting factor and with the application of the proposed actions, impact reductions of over 50 % can be achieved.

RESUMEN Introducción: La fábrica de conservas “Reinado” se encuentra entre las industrias que contribuyen al deterioro del medio ambiente, por ser un alto consumidor de agua, generar gran cantidad de efluentes y emisiones gaseosas a la atmósfera. Objetivo: Realizar una evaluación de Impacto Ambiental en la Fábrica de Conservas “Reinado” a través de la metodología de Análisis de Ciclo de Vida (ACV). Materiales y Métodos: El Diagnóstico Ambiental se realizó mediante la Metodología para la Ejecución de Diagnósticos Ambientales para la obtención del Reconocimiento Ambiental Nacional. Para el ACV se empleó el software SimaPro, con un enfoque desde la cuna hasta la puerta. En la evaluación del impacto se utilizó la metodología ReCiPe, en las versiones de punto medio y final. Resultados y Discusión: El proceso productivo es el que más influye en los impactos ambientales y dentro de este la emisión de contaminantes a la atmósfera (CO2, SO2, NOx y material particulado) y el consumo excesivo de agua. Con las medidas propuestas la empresa disminuye los daños a la salud humana en un 81,6 % y al ecosistema en un 67,8 %, además se disminuyen los impactos en las categorías de calentamiento global en un 54 % y en formación de material particulado y acidificación terrestre en un 88 %. Conclusiones: El proceso productivo es el que más contribuye a la mayoría de las categorías de impacto evaluadas y con la aplicación de las medidas propuestas se puede lograr reducciones de impactos por encima del 50 %.

Características y causas de muerte de pacientes fallecidos con enfermedad renal crónica. Cuba 2011-2016
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Marín Prada, María del Carmen

; Gutiérrez García, Francisco

; Martínez Morales, Miguel Ángel

; Rodríguez García, Carlos Antonio

; Guerra Bustillo, Guillermo

; Pérez-Oliva Díaz, Jorge F.

Revista Habanera de Ciencias Médicas

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oct 2021, Volume 20 N. 5 elocation e3579

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has increased at an alarming rate worldwide over the last two decades. Although mortality due to CKD has registered stable behavior in Cuba, its prevalence and incidence are showing higher rates. Objective: To describe the main demographic features of deceased patients with CKD in Cuba, the causes of death and other variables during the period 2011-2016. Material and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted. The study universe included all deceased patients in Cuba during the period mentioned. CKD was listed on their death certificates as one of the causes of death. The information used was obtained from the mortality database available on the National Directorate of Medical Records and Health Statistics of the Cuban Ministry of Public Health. Data was processed using SPSS version 22.0. Absolute and relative frequencies were calculated. Results: The global frequency of deceased patients showed a steady increase. Havana was the city that presented the highest percentage (23,6 %). Nonetheless, the rest of the cities showed an increased frequency rate. The median age was 70 years. The male gender prevailed over the female one as well as white ethnicity and the 80 years and over age group. Regarding the cause of death, the highest percentages corresponded to hypertensive kidney disease and Diabetes Mellitus. Conclusions: Most of the deceased patients with CKD are male, white and at advanced ages. The main causes of death are hypertensive disease and Diabetes Mellitus.

RESUMEN Introducción: La morbimortalidad por enfermedad renal crónica (ERC) ha presentado en las dos últimas décadas un incremento desconcertante. En Cuba, aunque la mortalidad por esta causa ha tenido un comportamiento estable, la incidencia y la prevalencia se mantienen elevadas. Objetivo: Caracterizar los pacientes fallecidos con ERC según variables demográficas, causas de muerte y otras variables seleccionadas. Material y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo, transversal. El universo de estudio estuvo constituido por todos los fallecidos del país en el período, en cuyos certificados de defunción se incluyó entre una de las causas, la ERC. La información fue obtenida de las bases de datos de mortalidad de la Dirección Nacional de Registros Médicos y Estadísticos de Salud del MINSAP. Procesamiento de forma automatizada (SPSS versión 22.0). Fueron calculadas las frecuencias absolutas y relativas. Resultados: La frecuencia global de pacientes fallecidos se incrementó de forma mantenida y resultó mayor en la provincia La Habana (23,6 %). La media de la edad fue de 70 años. Prevaleció el sexo masculino, el color de piel blanco y el grupo de edad de 80 años y más. Los porcentajes más altos según la causa básica de muerte correspondieron a enfermedad renal hipertensiva y Diabetes Mellitus. Conclusiones: Los fallecidos con ERC son mayormente hombres, de piel blanca, y con edades avanzadas. Las principales causas de muerte son la enfermedad hipertensiva y la Diabetes Mellitus.

Estudo e validação de uma progressão de aprendizagem em cinética química de estudantes de nível superior
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Monteiro, Luciana G.

; Guerra, Antonio C. O.

; Silva, Joaquim F. M.

Química Nova

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mar 2021, Volume 44 N. 3 Pages 366 - 371

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

This work aims to study the learning progression of students from two federal universities in Rio de Janeiro within the scope of Chemical Kinetics. For the elaboration of the research questionnaire, 46 professors from eleven Brazilian universities were consulted and from the collected data, a questionnaire was elaborated and applied to 452 students of Pharmacy, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering courses at Universidade Federal Fluminense and Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. For the analysis of the questionnaires, Rasch modelling was used, which made it possible to elaborate the learning progression of these students.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20170647 138 downloads

Clinical and Epidemiological Characteristics of Patients Diagnosed with COVID-19 in a Tertiary Care Center in Mexico City: A Prospective Cohort Study
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Ortiz-Brizuela, Edgar

; Villanueva-Reza, Marco

; González-Lara, María F.

; Tamez-Torres, Karla M.

; Román-Montes, Carla M.

; Díaz-Mejía, Bruno A.

; Pérez-García, Esteban

; Olivas-Martínez, Antonio

; Rajme-López, Sandra

; Martinez-Guerra, Bernardo A.

; León-Cividanes, Nereyda A. de

; Fernández-García, Oscar A.

; Guerrero-Torres, Lorena

; Torres-González, Lorena

; Carrera-Patiño, Fabián A.

; Corral-Herrera, Ever A.

; Hernández-Alemón, Aldo N.

; Tovar-Vargas, Maria de los Ángeles

; Serrano-Pinto, Yamile G.

; Espejo-Ortiz, Cristian E.

; Morales-Ortega, María de la L.

; Lozano-Cruz, Óscar A.

; Cárdenas-Fragoso, José L.

; Vidal-Mayo, José de J.

; Hernández-Gilsoul, Thierry

; Rivero-Sigarroa, Eduardo

; Domínguez-Cherit, Guillermo

; Cervantes-Villar, Luz E.

; Ramos-Cervantes, Maria del P.

; Ibarra-González, Violeta

; Calva-Mercado, Juan J.

; Sierra-Madero, Juan G.

; López-Íñiguez, Álvaro

; Ochoa-Hein, Eric

; Crabtree-Ramírez, Brenda E.

; Galindo-Fraga, Arturo

; Guerrero-Almeida, María de L.

; Ruiz-Palacios, Guillermo M.

; Gulías-Herrero, Alfonso

; Sifuentes-Osornio, José

; Kershenobich-Stalnikowitz, David

; Ponce-de-León, Alfredo

Revista de investigación clínica

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jun 2020, Volume 72 N. 3 Pages 165 - 177

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Background: Regional information regarding the characteristics of patients with coronavirus disease (COVID)-19 is needed for a better understanding of the pandemic. Objective: The objective of the study to describe the clinical features of COVID-19 patients diagnosed in a tertiary-care center in Mexico City and to assess differences according to the treatment setting (ambulatory vs. hospital) and to the need of intensive care (IC). Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort, including consecutive patients with COVID-19 from February 26, 2020 to April 11, 2020. Results: We identified 309 patients (140 inpatients and 169 outpatients). The median age was 43 years (interquartile range, 33-54), 59.2% men, and 18.6% healthcare workers (12.3% from our center). The median body mass index (BMI) was 29.00 kg/m2 and 39.6% had obesity. Compared to outpatients, inpatients were older, had comorbidities, cough, and dyspnea more frequently. Twenty-nine (20.7%) inpatients required treatment in the IC unit (ICU). History of diabetes (type 1 or 2) and abdominal pain were more common in ICU patients compared to non-ICU patients. ICU patients had higher BMIs, higher respiratory rates, and lower room-air capillary oxygen saturations. ICU patients showed a more severe inflammatory response as assessed by white blood cell count, neutrophil and platelet count, C-reactive protein, ferritin, procalcitonin, and albumin levels. By the end of the study period, 65 inpatients had been discharged because of improvement, 70 continued hospitalized, and five had died. Conclusions: Patients with comorbidities, either middle-age obese or elderly complaining of fever, cough, or dyspnea, were more likely to be admitted. At admission, patients with diabetes, high BMI, and clinical or laboratory findings consistent with a severe inflammatory state were more likely to require IC.

https://doi.org/10.24875/ric.20000211 533 downloads

Different levels of shade on population of grasshoppers and its oviposition preference on heliconias
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Bittar, Ana Cristina

; Aguiar-Menezes, Elen de Lima

; Guerra, José Guilherme Marinho

; Rouws, Janaína Ribeiro Costa

; Aguiar, Luiz Augusto de

; Leite, Paulo Sergio da Silva

Ciência Rural

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2018, Volume 48 N. 2 elocation e20170371

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: Os gafanhotos das famílias Acrididae e Romaleidae (Orthoptera) estão entre os insetos desfolhadores de helicônias, e vem ganhando status de pragas em cultivos comerciais dessas flores no Brasil. O presente estudo objetivou identificar o gafanhoto de ocorrência no município de Santo Antônio de Pádua, RJ (Brasil) causador de desfolhamento em helicônias; avaliar o efeito de diferentes níveis de sombreamento sobre a população desse gafanhoto e parâmetros produtivos de helicônias; e se existe preferência do gafanhoto para oviposição entre as helicônias avaliadas. O experimento foi em delineamento em blocos ao acaso, em esquema de parcelas subdivididas (quatro níveis de sombreamento: 0%, 30%, 50% e 80% na parcela e quatro espécies de Heliconia: H. psittacorum, H. stricta, H. wagneriana e H. psittacorum x H. spathocircinata ‘Golden Torch’ na subparcela), com quatro repetições. O gafanhoto desfolhador foi identificado como Cornops frenatum frenatum (Acrididae). À medida que o sombreamento se tornou mais denso, diminuíram o número de orifício de oviposição do gafanhoto e o número de brotações laterais. O sombreamento não influenciou o número de ninfas e adultos de C. f. frenatum e o número de hastes florais. H. wagneriana foi a espécie mais preferida para oviposição por C. f. frenatum. Os resultados sugerem que o uso de tela para sombreamento das plantas de helicônia pode auxiliar no controle da população de C. f. frenatum, porém, deve-se observar o padrão de exigência de luminosidade das helicônias para garantir a produtividade.

ABSTRACT: Grasshoppers of the families Acrididae and Romaleidae (Orthoptera) are among the insects that defoliate heliconias and have been gaining status as pests of commercial crops of these plants in Brazil. The objectives of the present study were to identify the grasshopper defoliating heliconias in the municipality of Santo Antônio de Pádua, RJ (Brazil), to evaluate the effect of different levels of shade on the population of this grasshopper and the production parameters of heliconias, and to determine if this grasshopper has an oviposition preference among the heliconias evaluated. The experiment was in a completely randomized block design, in subdivided plots (four levels of shade in the plot, 0%, 30%, 50% and 80%, and four species of Heliconia: H. psittacorum, H. stricta, H. wagneriana and H. psittacorum x H. spathocircinata ‘Golden Torch’ in the subplot), with four replications. The grasshopper was identified as Cornops frenatum frenatum (Acrididae). An increase in shade resulted in a decrease in the number of oviposition holes from the grasshopper and the number of lateral buds. Shade did not influence the number of C. f. frenatum nymphs and adults and the number of flower stems. H. wagneriana was the most preferred species for oviposition by C. f. frenatum. Results suggested using screens to shade heliconia plants can help control C. f. frenatum populations, however, the light requirements of the heliconias should be considered to guarantee productivity.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20170371 1297 downloads

Organic matter fractions in soil under coffee with split applications of phosphorus and water regimes
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Araújo, Larissa G.

; Figueiredo, Cícero C. de

; Borges, Inácio B.

; Ramos, Maria L. G.

; Rocha, Omar C.

; Guerra, Antonio F.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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oct 2014, Volume 18 N. 10 Pages 1017 - 1022

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

A adubação fosfatada e o manejo da irrigação são essenciais para aumentar a produtividade do café; no entanto, há poucas informações sobre o efeito dessas práticas nas frações da matéria orgânica de solos de Cerrado. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar frações da matéria orgânica de um Latossolo cultivado com cafeeiro sob parcelamentos de fósforo (P) e regimes hídricos. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso em arranjo fatorial 3 x 2, com três parcelamentos de P (P1: 300 kg ha-1 de P2O5 por ano, sendo 2/3 aplicados em setembro e 1/3 em dezembro; P2: 600 kg ha-1 de P2O5, aplicada no plantio e a cada dois anos e P3: 1.800 kg ha-1 de P2O5 aplicada somente no plantio, necessária para seis anos); dois regimes hídricos (com e sem irrigação) e três repetições. A amostragem de solo foi feita nas camadas de 0-5 e 5-10 cm. Foram determinados o carbono orgânico total (COT) carbono lábil (CL), carbono microbiano (Cmic) e o carbono das frações ácido fúlvico (AF), ácido húmico (AH) e humina (HU). O regime hídrico irrigado do cafeeiro aumentou os teores do COT, CL, Cmic e das frações humificadas da matéria orgânica do solo. De maneira geral, a forma de parcelamento do P exerceu pouca influência sobre as frações da matéria orgânica do solo.

Phosphorus fertilization and irrigation management are essential practices to increase coffee yields, though information is scarce about the effect of these practices on organic matter fractions of soils of the ‘Cerrado’ (savanna-like vegetation). The purpose of this study was to evaluate organic matter fractions of a clayey Oxisol under coffee with split applications of phosphorus (P) and water regimes. The experimental design was a randomized block with 3 x 2 factorial arrangement with three split applications of P (P1: 300 kg ha-1 P2O5 applied annually of which 2/3 applied in September and 1/3 in December; P2: 600 kg ha-1 P2O5 applied at planting and every two years, and P3: 1800 kg ha-1 of P2O5 applied only at planting, corresponding to a 6-year requirement), two water regimes (with and without irrigation) and three replications. Soil from the 0-5 and 5-10 cm layers was sampled. The total organic carbon (TOC), labile carbon (LC), microbial carbon (Cmic), and carbon fractions of fulvic acid (FA), humic acid (HA) and humin (HU) were determined. The irrigation regime of coffee increased the TOC, LC and Cmic levels and the humified fractions of soil organic matter. In general, the form of P splitting had little influence on the fractions of soil organic matter.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v18n10p1017-1022 1634 downloads

10.

Oxidative dehydration of glycerol to acrylic acid over vanadium-impregnated zeolite beta
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Pestana, Carolina F. M.

; Guerra, Antônio C. O.

; Ferreira, Glaucio B.

; Turci, Cássia C.

; Mota, Claudio J. A.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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jan 2013, Volume 24 N. 1 Pages 100 - 105

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

A desidratação oxidativa do glicerol a ácido acrílico foi estudada com o uso de zeólita Beta impregnada com vanádio. Os catalisadores foram preparados por impregnação úmida do metavanadato de amônio sobre a zeólita Beta na forma amoniacal, seguida de calcinação em ar a 823 K. A impregnação reduziu a área superficial específica, mas não afetou significativamente a acidez (Brønsted e Lewis) da zeólita. A avaliação dos catalisadores foi realizada num reator de leito fixo usando ar como gás de arraste e injetando o glicerol por meio de uma bomba seringa. Acroleína foi o principal produto formado, tendo também sido observados acetaldeído e hidróxi-acetona (acetol). O ácido acrílico foi formado em aproximadamente 25% de seletividade a 548 K sobre as zeólitas impregnadas. O resultado pode ser explicado por análises de XPS (espectroscopia fotoeletrônica de raios X), que mostraram uma boa dispersão de vanádio nos poros da zeólita.

The oxidative dehydration of glycerol to acrylic acid was studied over vanadium-impregnated zeolite Beta. Catalysts were prepared by wet impregnation of ammonium metavanadate over ammonium-exchanged zeolite Beta, followed by air calcination at 823 K. Impregnation reduced the specific surface area, but did not significantly affected the acidity (Brønsted and Lewis) of the zeolites. The catalytic evaluation was carried out in a fixed bed flow reactor using air as the carrier and injecting glycerol by means of a syringe pump. Acrolein was the main product, with acetaldehyde and hydroxy-acetone (acetol) being also formed. Acrylic acid was formed with approximately 25% selectivity at 548 K over the impregnated zeolites. The result can be explained by XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy) measurements, which indicated a good dispersion of the vanadium inside the pores.

8666 downloads

11.

A cell junction pathology of neural stem cells leads to abnormal neurogenesis and hydrocephalus
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Rodríguez, Esteban M

; Guerra, María M

; Vío, Karin

; González, César

; Ortloff, Alexander

; Bátiz, Luis F

; Rodríguez, Sara

; Jara, María C

; Muñoz, Rosa I

; Ortega, Eduardo

; Jaque, Jaime

; Guerra, Francisco

; Sival, Deborah A

; Dunnen, Wilfred F. A. den

; Jiménez, Antonio J

; Domínguez-Pinos, María D

; Pérez-Fígares, José M

; McAllister, James P

; Johanson, Conrad

Biological Research

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2012, Volume 45 N. 3 Pages 231 - 241

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Most cells of the developing mammalian brain derive from the ventricular (VZ) and the subventricular (SVZ) zones. The VZ is formed by the multipotent radial glia/neural stem cells (NSCs) while the SVZ harbors the rapidly proliferative neural precursor cells (NPCs). Evidence from human and animal models indicates that the common history of hydrocephalus and brain maldevelopment starts early in embryonic life with disruption of the VZ and SVZ. We propose that a "cell junction pathology" involving adherent and gap junctions is a final common outcome of a wide range of gene mutations resulting in proteins abnormally expressed by the VZ cells undergoing disruption. Disruption of the VZ during fetal development implies the loss of NSCs whereas VZ disruption during the perinatal period implies the loss of ependyma. The process of disruption occurs in specific regions of the ventricular system and at specific stages of brain development. This explains why only certain brain structures have an abnormal development, which in turn results in a specific neurological impairment of the newborn. Disruption of the VZ of the Sylvian aqueduct (SA) leads to aqueductal stenosis and hydrocephalus, while disruption of the VZ of telencephalon impairs neurogenesis. We are currently investigating whether grafting of NSCs/neurospheres from normal rats into the CSF of hydrocephalic mutants helps to diminish/repair the outcomes of VZ disruption.

16667 downloads

12.

Prevalência de obesidade e fatores associados em mulheres idosas
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Marques, Ana Paula de O.

; Arruda, Ilma Kruze G. de

; Espírito Santo, Antônio C.G. do

; Raposo, Maria Cristina F.

; Guerra, Mariana Diniz

; Sales, Tiago Felipe

Arquivos Brasileiros de Endocrinologia & Metabologia

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jun 2005, Volume 49 N. 3 Pages 441 - 448

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

OBJETIVO: Analisar a prevalência de obesidade em mulheres idosas e sua associação com variáveis sócio-demográficas, bioquímicas e hipertensão arterial. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: Mediante estudo de corte seccional, 188 pacientes ambulatoriais, mulheres, com idade entre 60 e 89 anos foram avaliadas, sendo a obesidade definida a partir do IMC > 30Kg/m2 (WHO, 1998). As variáveis investigadas foram idade, escolaridade, situação conjugal, glicemia de jejum, colesterol total, lipoproteínas de alta e baixa densidade colesterol, triglicerídeos e presença de hipertensão arterial. Para análise dos dados foram empregados o teste Qui-quadrado de Pearson ou Teste Exato de Fisher, Análise Multivariada por Regressão Logística, estimando-se as probabilidades de ocorrência de obesidade. RESULTADOS/CONCLUSÕES: Entre as mulheres idosas, 25,6% eram obesas. A obesidade esteve concentrada nos intervalos etários de 60 a 69 e 70 a 79 anos e associada positivamente (p= 0,050) à glicemia de jejum > 126mg/dL, com um risco maior (Odds= 1,76) para as idosas diabéticas, em relação às não-diabéticas. A maior probabilidade de ocorrência de obesidade, em torno de 18%, foi observada nas mulheres com menos de 70 anos, triglicerídeos > 200mg/dL, diabéticas e hipertensas, destacando a importância da morbidade associada.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the prevalence of obesity in elderly women and its association with socio-demographic, biochemical and hypertension variables. MATERIAL AND METHODS: By means of a cross sectional study, 188 outpatient women, 60 to 89 years-old were assessed. Obesity was defined by a BMI > 30Kg/m2 (WHO, 1998). The parameters examined were age, education, marital status, fasting glycemia, total cholesterol, high and low density cholesterol lipoproteins, triglycerides and presence or absence of blood hypertension. Data analysis was performed by Pearson's Chi-square or Exact Test of Fisher and Multivariate Analysis of Logistic Regression, estimating the probability of obesity. RESULTS/CONCLUSIONS: Among eldery women, 25.6% were obese. Obesity was present in the age ranges of 60 to 69 and 70 to 79 years, and positively associated (p= 0.050) to fasting glycemia > 126mg/dL, with increased risk (Odds= 1.76) for elder diabetic, compared to non-diabetics women. The highest probability for obesity, around 18%, was observed in women younger than 70 years-old, triglycerides > 200gm/dL, diabetic and hypertensive, emphasizing the role of associated morbidity.

6029 downloads

13.

Ajuste do modelo Chistiansen-Hargreaves para estimativa da evapotranspiração do feijão no cerrado
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Rocha, Omar C.

; Guerra, Antônio F.

; Azevedo, Hamilton M. de

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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aug 2003, Volume 7 N. 2 Pages 263 - 268

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Os produtores de feijão da região do Cerrado contam com apenas uma tecnologia, já estabelecida, para o manejo das irrigações: a tensiometria. Muito embora essa metodologia tenha alto potencial de uso não tem sido amplamente adotada pelos produtores, razão pela qual a utilização de modelos de estimativa de evapotranspiração tem se mostrado bastante aplicável à realidade da região. Assim, este trabalho tem o objetivo de avaliar o desempenho do modelo Chistiansen-Hargreaves na estimativa da evapotranspiração da cultura do Feijão Preto, no período seco do Cerrado brasileiro, almejando colocar à disposição dos produtores um modelo ajustado, que permita um manejo eficiente da irrigação no sistema produtivo da região. A evapotranspiração do feijoeiro foi medida com um lisímetro de pesagem. O experimento foi conduzido na Embrapa Cerrados, localizada em Planaltina, DF, Brasil. Quando calculado com coeficientes de cultura determinados na pesquisa e testado com o termo energético ajustado (S0 = 0,5) o modelo apresentou ótimo desempenho podendo, nesta condição, ser empregado com segurança no manejo de irrigação.

Bean producers from the Brazilian Cerrado region have only one technology for the irrigation management: the measurement of the water tension in the soil through the use of tensiometers. Although this methodology has high potential, it has not been widely adopted by the producers. Thus, the utilization of models to estimate evapotranspiration estimate has shown to be applicable to the Cerrado region. So, this paper aims to evaluate the performance of the Chistiansen-Hargreaves model to estimate evapotranspiration of black bean crop in the dry season of the Brazilian Cerrado region. It also aims to provide producers an the adjusted model to estimate evapotranspiration which permit an efficient management for the agricultural irrigated system of the Cerrado region. The evapotranspiration of the black bean crop was measured with the use of a weighing lysimeter. The experiment was carried in the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa Cerrados), located in Planaltina, DF, Brazil. When calculated with crop coefficient, determined in the research and tested with adjusted energetic term (S0=0.5), the Chistiansen-Hargreaves model presented an excellent performance and may be used in irrigation management.

1657 downloads

14.

Angiostrongiloidose abdominal: (Apresentação de um caso)
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Ayala, Marciano Antonio Rojas

; Guerra, Ivanio F.

; Schir, René Alfredo

; Motizuki, Antonio

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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jun 1982, Volume 77 N. 2 Pages 189 - 193

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Os autores apresentam um caso de angiostrongiloidose abdominal, numa criança de um ano de idade, do Sudeste do Paraná. Baseados nos dados clínicos e anatomo-patológicos identificam o parasito como Angiostrongylus costaricensis.

The authors present a case of abdominal angiostrongyloidiasis which occurred in an one year old child from south west Paraná, Brazil. Based upon clinic and anatomopathologic data, the etiological agent was identified as Angiostrongylus costaricensis.

1465 downloads

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