Abstract The growing demand for multiparameter sensors includes compact devices accompanied by simple calibration processes to distinguish the outputs from each other. This paper evaluates a scheme to determine multiple parameters of a medium using localized surface plasmon resonances (SPR) excited on a Dshaped photonic crystal fiber (PCF) partially covered by two gold layers of different thicknesses. We demonstrate that the proposed sensing platform, once customized to characterize the possible dispersive profiles of the refractive index of the analyte, also allows interrogating the temperature of a sample from a linear relationship. Since the plasmonic resonances are excited at separated and low crosstalk spectral channels, different sensing responses can be obtained simultaneously in the same location of the D-shaped PCF. These features turn out the SPR sensor a suitable tool for simultaneous monitoring of optical dispersion and temperature. other (SPR PCF (PCF thicknesses platform analyte relationship channels D shaped

Abstract Areas planted with Eucalyptus urophylla S.T. Blake variety platyphylla F. Muell. (Myrtaceae) expand annually in most regions of Brazil. Many lepidopteran species defoliate this plant, but with damage varying per species. The objective of this study was to identify the pest status of lepidopteran defoliators based in the faunistic analysis of these insects and of their natural enemies on E. urophylla variety platyphylla plantations in a representative producing region of Brazil. Adult moths of lepidopterans and of their natural enemies were captured using a light trap, installed every two weeks, from September 2016 to August 2018. A total of 183, 10, three and 139 lepidopteran species was captured and classified as primary, secondary, without defined importance to eucalypt plants and non-identified with 1,419, seven, 465 and 876 individuals, respectively. Two primary pest species were constants, two accessories and six accidentals and all secondary ones were accidentals. Six primary pest species were common and dominant and four non-dominants. Faunistic indices indicated the main lepidopteran species that should be monitored in pest management programs. Seven hymenopteran species (65 individuals), three dipterans (49 individuals) and two hemipterans (four individuals) were the natural enemies collected using light traps. The monitoring of lepidopteran pests with light traps can contribute to the management and to reduce damage and control costs for these species, besides identifying natural enemies for biological control programs in Eucalyptus plantations.

Resumo Áreas plantadas com Eucalyptus urophylla S.T. Blake variedade platyphylla F. Muell. (Myrtaceae) se expandem anualmente na maioria das regiões do Brasil. Muitas espécies de lepidópteros desfolham esta planta, mas com danos que variam de acordo com a espécie. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar o status de praga de lepidópteros desfolhadores com base na análise faunística desses insetos e de seus inimigos naturais em plantios de E. urophylla variedade platyphylla em uma região produtora representativa do Brasil. As mariposas e seus inimigos naturais foram capturadas com armadilha luminosa, instalada quinzenalmente, de setembro de 2016 a agosto de 2018. Um total de 183, 10, três e 139 espécies de lepidópteros foram capturadas e classificadas como primária, secundária, sem importância definida para eucaliptocultura e não identificadas com 1419, sete, 465 e 876 indivíduos, respectivamente. Duas espécies de pragas primárias foram constantes, duas acessórias e seis acidentais e todas as secundárias foram acidentais. Seis espécies de pragas primárias foram comuns e dominantes e quatro não dominantes. Os índices faunísticos indicaram as principais espécies de lepidópteras que devem ser monitoradas em programas de manejo de pragas. Sete espécies de himenópteros (65 indivíduos), três dípteros (49 indivíduos) e dois hemípteros (quatro indivíduos) foram os inimigos naturais coletados com armadilha luminosa. O monitoramento de lepidópteros-praga com armadilha luminosa pode contribuir para o manejo e redução de danos e custos de controle para essas espécies, além de identificar inimigos naturais para programas de controle biológico em cultivos de eucalipto.

RESUMO Este trabalho registra o primeiro relato de Megastigmustransvaalensis Hussey (Hymenoptera: Torymidae) em drupas de aroeira-vermelha brasileira, Schinusterebinthifolius Raddi (Anacardiaceae), em Sorocaba, estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Essa vespa é uma espécie invasora e foi encontrada danifi cando drupas de S.terebinthifolius em áreas urbanas (35,0±15,8%), florestas nativas (21,5±10,2%) e áreas de restauração (15,8±8,4%). A bioecologia e os danos causados por M.transvaalensis em drupas de S. terebinthifolius justifi cam mais estudos visando o manejo dessa vespa fi tófaga. Megastigmus transvaalensis tem um potencial de ser disseminado por todo Brasil e representa uma ameaça para a regeneração natural de S. terebinthifolius em florestas nativas e áreas de recomposição e restauração ecológica do país.

ABSTRACT This paper records the first report of Megastigmus transvaalensis Hussey (Hymenoptera: Torymidae) in Brazilian peppertree, Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi (Anacardiaceae) drupes in Sorocaba, state of São Paulo, Brazil. This wasp is an invasive species and was found damaging S. terebinthifolius drupes in urban areas (35.0±15.8%), natural forests (21.5±10.2%) and restoration areas (15.8±8.4%). The bio-ecology and damage caused by M. transvaalensis in the S. terebinthifolius drupes warrants further study focused upon the management of this phytophagous wasp. Megastigmus transvaalensis has a potential to be disseminated throughout Brazil and is posing a threat to the natural regeneration of S. terebinthifolius in the native forests and restoration areas and ecological regions of this country.

Avaliaram-se as alterações nos indicadores do solo pH em água, MO e N totais, catiões de troca, P, K, Cu e Zn “assimiláveis”, metais pesados (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb e Zn) e bactérias de origem fecal, entre 2004 e 2007, em dois campos experimentais com pastagens, por efeito da aplicação de lama residual urbana (LRU) e da fertilização mineral. As modalidades incluíram as combinações de dois tipos de pastagem (natural e semeada) com três tratamentos (0, LRU e Adubação), na Herdade do Revez (Luvissolos e Leptossolos Háplicos) e com quatro tratamentos (0, LRU, LRU+Calagem e Adubação+Calagem), na Herdade da Criméia (Luvissolos Férricos). Foram os teores médios de MO total e P “assimilável” as características químicas, comuns aos solos dos dois campos, em que o efeito benéfico das LRU na camada superficial foi significativo (P ≤ 5%). A aplicação de LRU também induziu os maiores acréscimos significativos de N total e de Mg de troca no solo da Herdade do Revez. A calagem elevou o pH e o teor de Mg de troca do solo, na Herdade da Criméia. As LRU não contaminaram os solos com metais pesados. Os níveis populacionais de coliformes e de enterococos fecais aumentaram, logo após a aplicação das LRU, para decrescerem progressivamente ao longo do tempo, igualando-se aos das testemunhas.

We evaluated the changes in the soil indicators pH in water, total OM and N, exchangeable cations, available P, K, Cu, and Zn, heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn), and faecal origin bacteria, between 2004 and 2007, as affected by sewage sludge (SS) application and mineral fertilisation in two field experiments with pastures. The treatments were the combinations of two types of pasture (natural and sown) with three fertilisation treatments (0, SS, inorganic fertilisers) in the experiment of Herdade do Revez (Haplic Luvisols and Haplic Leptosols), and four fertilisation treatments (0, SS, Liming+SS, and Liming+inorganic fertilisers) in Herdade da Criméia (Ferric Luvisols). The OM and available P contents were the chemical properties that significantly increased (P ≤ 5%) in the soil surface layer of both field experiments. The SS application also caused the highest significant increases in soil total N and exchangeable Mg contents in Herdade do Revez. Liming increased soil pH and exchangeable Mg, in Herdade da Criméia. The SS did not pollute the soils with heavy metals. The bacterial populations of faecal origin increased immediately after the SS application, but progressively decreased as time went by, reaching values similar to the controls.

A cápsula endoscópica do intestino delgado é um método diagnóstico efectivo para o diagnóstico da hemorragia gastrointestinal de origem obscura. O tratamento médico adequado da hemorragia por angioectasias intestinais ainda é controverso. O tratamento hormonal tem sido o mais frequentemente descrito mas os resultados não são uniformes e a endoscopia por cápsula endoscópica não tem sido utilizada em ensaios terapêuticos controlados. Apresentamos o caso de um doente de 78 anos que teve vários episódios de hemorragia gastrointestinal desde que iniciou tratamento com varfarina. A endoscopia por cápsula do intestino delgado foi diagnóstica, mostrando múltiplas angioectasias, algumas com hemorragia activa. Desde que a terapia com estro génios-progestagénios foi instituída não voltou a apresentar episódios de hemorragia e os níveis de hemoglobina aumentaram.

Small bowel capsule endoscopy is an effective diagnostic tool for patients with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding. Optimal medical therapy for intestinal angioectasia bleeding remains controversial. Hormonal therapy has been reported as effective, but no uniform results relative to its beneficial effect have been proved, and there are no therapeutic controlled trials using capsule endoscopy as a diagnostic method. We pre sent the case of a 87-year-old man who suffered from recurrent severe gastrointestinal bleeding since he started on warfarin therapy. Small bowel capsule was diagnostic, showing multiple angioectasias, some of them with active bleeding. Since estrogen-progestragen therapy was introduced no other bleeding episodes occurred and haemoglobin levels increased.

Formigas cortadoras de folhas são consideradas pragas para a agricultura devido à grande quantidade de material vegetal utilizado por elas para cultivar um fungo simbionte que lhes serve de alimento e enzimas. O mutualismo entre o fungo e as formigas é um ponto a ser explorado quando se considera sua possível aplicação em métodos alternativos para o controle desses insetos. Sabendo-se que algumas plantas são naturalmente resistentes aos insetos fitófagos, alguns produtos naturais (metabólitos secundários) devem ser avaliados em relação às suas propriedades inseticidas e/ou fungicidas. Neste trabalho foram isoladas oito cumarinas de quatro espécies de plantas e o efeito no desenvolvimento do fungo simbionte das formigas cortadeiras Atta sexdens foi determinado. Com exceção da clausarina, todas as outras cumarinas foram inibitórias de 64 µg mL-1 à 80 µg mL-1 sendo que a xantiletina inibiu o fungo na concentração de 25 µg mL-1.

Leaf-cutting ants are known to be a serious pest for agriculture due to the high amounts of vegetal matter from crops used by them in order to cultivate a symbiotic fungus on which they rely for food and enzymes. The mutualism between the fungus and the ants is a point to be explored when alternative methods of control are being thought of. Considering that some plants are naturally resistant to phytophagous insects, some natural products (secondary metabolites) should be evaluated with respect to their insecticide and/or fungicide properties. In this paper we isolated eight coumarins from four different plant species and we determined their effect on the development of the symbiotic fungus of the leaf-cutting ant Atta sexdens. With the exception of clausarin, all the other coumarins were inhibitory from 64 µg mL-1 through 80 µg mL-1 and xanthyletin inhibited the fungus at 25 µg mL-1

Endometriosis is a common gynecologic disease in which endometrial tissue is deposited outside the normal confines of the uterine cavity. Rarely endometriosis involves urinary tract. The bladder is the most frequent organ affected into this tract. A delay in detection can result in months or years of morbidity.

La endometriosis es una enfermedad ginecológica muy frecuente en la que el tejido endometrial aparece fuera de la cavidad uterina. En raras ocasiones la endometriosis afecta al tracto urinario, siendo la vejiga el órgano más frecuentemente afectado. Un retraso en su detección puede condenar a la paciente a meses de morbilidad innecesaria.

The Amazon region of Brazil is an area of great interest because of the large distribution of hepatitis B virus in specific Western areas. Seven urban communities and 24 Indian groups were visited in a total of 4,244 persons. Each individual was interviewed in order to obtain demographic and familial information. Whole blood was collected for serology and genetic determinations. Eleven genetic markers and three HBV markers were tested. Among the most relevant results it was possible to show that (i) there was a large variation of previous exposure to HBV in both urban and non-urban groups ranging from 0 to 59.2%; (ii) there was a different pattern of epidemiological distribution of HBV that was present even among a same linguistic Indian group, with mixed patterns of correlation between HBsAg and anti-HBs and (iii) the prevalence of HBV markers (HBsAg and anti-HBs) were significantly higher (P=0.0001) among the Indian population (18.8%) than the urban groups (12.5%). Its possible that the host genetic background could influence and modulate the replication of the virus in order to generate HB carrier state.