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au:HENRIQUE SCHNEIDER, PAULO

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Managing runoff in rainfed agriculture under no-till system: potential for improving crop production
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Hörbe, Tiago

; Minella, Jean Paolo Gomes

; Schneider, Fabio Jose Andres

; Londero, Ana Lúcia

; Gubiani, Paulo Ivonir

; Merten, Gustavo Henrique

; Schlesner, Alexandre

Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo

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2021, Volume 45 elocation e0210015

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Strategies to mitigate degradation and ensure food and water security are among the main challenges in agricultural development. Unconsolidated information about the positive impact of conservationist practices on productivity increase is fundamental for their adoption by farmers. This study evaluated if the saved rainfall excess in catchment with terrace generates higher soybean and corn yield due to greater water availability in the crop rooting zone. Experiments were conducted in southern Brazil during the agricultural years of 2016/17 (soybean) and 2017/18 (corn) in two paired zero-order catchments (~2.4 ha) with similar topography and soil properties. One catchment has no terraces, while the other has five broad-based terraces as a complementary practice to control runoff. Soybean and corn yield was compared between catchments through five paired transects, totaling 47 sampling points. The fraction of available water (FAW – the current in relation to the total available water) was monitored at two points in each catchment, one at the base and the other at the top, considering the elevation. The FAW was monitored with CS616 probes at eight soil layers (from 0.00 up to 1.60 m) at each point during the crop growth cycle. The FAW was higher in the terraced catchment than the non-terraced catchment during the soybean (14 %) and corn (8 %) cycles. The terraced area provided higher soybean (12 %) and corn (10 %) than the non-terraced area. These results highlight the importance of terraces to increase productivity by managing runoff on hillslopes, indicating the potential of terraces to mitigate water deficits.

https://doi.org/10.36783/18069657rbcs20210015

Cytogenetic analysis of three Ctenidae species (Araneae) from the Amazon
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Pinto Neto, José Paulo da Costa

; Goll, Leonardo Gusso

; Gross, Maria Claudia

; Feldsberg, Eliana

; Schneider, Carlos Henrique

Genetics and Molecular Biology

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2020, Volume 43 N. 4 elocation e20200069

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Cytogenetic characterization was performed on three wandering spiders: Ctenus amphora Mello-Leitão, 1930, C. crulsi Mello-Leitão, 1930 and C. villasboasi Mello-Leitão, 1949. The three species had similar karyotypes, with 2n = 28 (26 + X1X20) in males, with sex chromosomes exhibiting positive heteropicnosis in meiotic cells. 18S rDNA mapping revealed gene sites at the terminal region of one chromosomal pair for all species, with one C. crulsi individual, showing markings in two pairs. C. villasboasi showed markers only in the pachytene phase. The distribution pattern of constitutive heterochromatin was found to be characteristic for the genus, with markings in the centromeric region of all chromosomes, suggesting an acrocentric morphology for all chromosomes of the three analysed species. The results support the fusion of sex chromosomes as an evolutionary tendency for this spider group.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2020-0069 471 downloads

Updated Cardiovascular Prevention Guideline of the Brazilian Society of Cardiology - 2019
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Précoma, Dalton Bertolim

; Oliveira, Gláucia Maria Moraes de

; Simão, Antonio Felipe

; Dutra, Oscar Pereira

; Coelho, Otávio Rizzi

; Izar, Maria Cristina de Oliveira

; Póvoa, Rui Manuel dos Santos

; Giuliano, Isabela de Carlos Back

; Alencar Filho, Aristóteles Comte de

; Machado, Carlos Alberto

; Scherr, Carlos

; Fonseca, Francisco Antonio Helfenstein

; Santos Filho, Raul Dias dos

; Carvalho, Tales de

; Avezum Jr., Álvaro

; Esporcatte, Roberto

; Nascimento, Bruno Ramos

; Brasil, David de Pádua

; Soares, Gabriel Porto

; Villela, Paolo Blanco

; Ferreira, Roberto Muniz

; Martins, Wolney de Andrade

; Sposito, Andrei C.

; Halpern, Bruno

; Saraiva, José Francisco Kerr

; Carvalho, Luiz Sergio Fernandes

; Tambascia, Marcos Antônio

; Coelho-Filho, Otávio Rizzi

; Bertolami, Adriana

; Correa Filho, Harry

; Xavier, Hermes Toros

; Faria-Neto, José Rocha

; Bertolami, Marcelo Chiara

; Giraldez, Viviane Zorzanelli Rocha

; Brandão, Andrea Araújo

; Feitosa, Audes Diógenes de Magalhães

; Amodeo, Celso

; Souza, Dilma do Socorro Moraes de

; Barbosa, Eduardo Costa Duarte

; Malachias, Marcus Vinícius Bolívar

; Souza, Weimar Kunz Sebba Barroso de

; Costa, Fernando Augusto Alves da

; Rivera, Ivan Romero

; Pellanda, Lucia Campos

; Silva, Maria Alayde Mendonça da

; Achutti, Aloyzio Cechella

; Langowiski, André Ribeiro

; Lantieri, Carla Janice Baister

; Scholz, Jaqueline Ribeiro

; Ismael, Silvia Maria Cury

; Ayoub, José Carlos Aidar

; Scala, Luiz César Nazário

; Neves, Mario Fritsch

; Jardim, Paulo Cesar Brandão Veiga

; Fuchs, Sandra Cristina Pereira Costa

; Jardim, Thiago de Souza Veiga

; Moriguchi, Emilio Hideyuki

; Schneider, Jamil Cherem

; Assad, Marcelo Heitor Vieira

; Kaiser, Sergio Emanuel

; Lottenberg, Ana Maria

; Magnoni, Carlos Daniel

; Miname, Marcio Hiroshi

; Lara, Roberta Soares

; Herdy, Artur Haddad

; Araújo, Cláudio Gil Soares de

; Milani, Mauricio

; Silva, Miguel Morita Fernandes da

; Stein, Ricardo

; Lucchese, Fernando Antonio

; Nobre, Fernando

; Griz, Hermilo Borba

; Magalhães, Lucélia Batista Neves Cunha

; Borba, Mario Henrique Elesbão de

; Pontes, Mauro Ricardo Nunes

; Mourilhe-Rocha, Ricardo

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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oct 2019, Volume 113 N. 4 Pages 787 - 891

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.5935/abc.20190204 40841 downloads

USE OF DUMMY VARIABLES TO PREDICT GROWTH STRESSES IN Eucalyptus ssp. CLONES
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Beltrame, Rafael

; Cadermatori, Pedro Henrique Gonzalez

; Delucis, Rafael de Avila

; Gatto, Darci Alberto

; Haselein, Clovis Roberto

; Schneider, Paulo Renato

Revista Árvore

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dec 2016, Volume 40 N. 6 Pages 1131 - 1139

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O presente estudo objetivou estimar as tensões de crescimento da madeira de clones de Eucalyptus spp., por meio de algumas de suas propriedades dendrométricas, utilizando-se de variáveis Dummy. Foram selecionados 12 clones híbridos do gênero Eucalyptus, dos quais foram avaliadas as propriedades dendrométricas: diâmetro a altura do peito (DAP), espessura de casca (EC), altura (H), volume total (VOL); bem como a densidade básica (DB). As tensões de crescimento foram avaliadas de maneira indireta, por meio da deformação residual longitudinal (DRL), medida conforme o método CIRAD-Forêt. Foram definidas 12 variáveis Dummy com base nas características de cada clone. Após, a fim de estimar matematicamente a DRL, foram propostos quatro modelos utilizando-se como variáveis independentes: DAP, H, VOL, DB e as variáveis Dummy. Dentre as propriedades dendrométricas, a DB foi a única descartada por não aportar subsídios interessantes para a predição da DRL. Na comparação entre as variáveis Dummy, o clone 9 deu origem à variável mais discrepante em relação às demais. Contudo, os resultados obtidos indicaram que, embora tenha havido uma variabilidade significativa nos níveis de DRL na comparação entre os diferentes clones, os modelos matemáticos obtidos descreveram satisfatoriamente as tensões de crescimento dos mesmos.

ABSTRACT The evaluation of growth stresses in Eucalyptus trees and their influence on both morphological properties of trees and technological properties of wood have been aimed by several studies, which used indirect and nondestructive methods for these evaluations. The present study aimed to estimate growth stresses for woods from Eucalyptus ssp. clones trough some of their dendrometric properties, using Dummy variables. 12 hybrid Eucalyptus clones were evaluated by basic density (BD) and dendrometric properties: diameter at breast height (DBH), bark thickness (BT), height (H) and total volume (VOL). The growth stresses were indirectly evaluated by the longitudinal residual strain (LRS) following the CIRAD-Forêt method. 12 Dummy variables were defined based on the characteristics of each clone. After that, four models were proposed in order to estimate the LRD, using Dummy variables, DBH, H, VOL and BD as independent variables. Among the dendrometric properties, BD was discarded because it does not confer interesting aids to the LRD predict. Among the Dummy variables, clone 9 provided the most discrepant variable. The LRD of the clones were satisfactorily described by the mathematical models, although these values showed significant variability.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-67622016000600019 665 downloads

Phenology, caudex growth and age estimation of Cyathea corcovadensis (Raddi) Domin (Cyatheaceae) in a subtropical forest in southern Brazil
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Neumann, Micheline Krüger

; Schneider, Paulo Henrique

; Schmitt, Jairo Lizandro

Acta Botanica Brasilica

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jun 2014, Volume 28 N. 2 Pages 274 - 280

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Cyathea corcovadensis (Raddi) Domin occurs in northeastern, southeastern and southern Brazil, being widely distributed in the last. This was a three-year study, conducted from August 2008 to July 2011, in which we evaluated C. corcovadensis in a subtropical forest in southern Brazil. For the first year (August 2008 to July 2009), we monitored 30 plants on a monthly basis in order to analyze phenological events (vegetative and reproductive) and caudex growth. We also estimated the ages of the plants. Except in June and July of 2009, monthly leaf emergence and senescence were continuous and irregular, which prevented total leaf abscission, during that first year. Leaf emergence, senescence and fertility correlated with photoperiod, temperature and plant height, whereas rainfall was not a good predictor of C. corcovadensis phenophase. Within the forest fragment studied, the high proportion of fertile individuals (63.3%) indicated that the population has the potential to increase in size. The mean annual caudex growth rate was 4.66-8.23 cm and was statistically equivalent among the three years evaluated. The number of leaves per plant remained stable throughout the study period. Among plants that were 4 m tall, the mean estimated age was 60.3 years when calculated on the basis of overall height and mean annual growth rate, compared with only 46.9 years when calculated on the basis of the number of total leaf scars or petiole remains on the caudex and mean annual leaf production.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-33062014000200014 4217 downloads Cited 4 times in SciELO

Catálise assimétrica no Brasil: desenvolvimento e potencialidades para o avanço da indústria química brasileira
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Braga, Antonio Luiz

; Lüdtke, Diogo Seibert

; Schneider, Paulo Henrique

; Andrade, Leandro Helgueira

; Paixão, Márcio Weber

Química Nova

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2013, Volume 36 N. 10 Pages 1591 - 1599

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

The preparation of enantiomerically pure or enriched substances is of fundamental importance to pharmaceutical, food, agrochemical, and cosmetics industries and involves a growing market of hundreds of billions of dollars. However, most chemical processes used for their production are not environmentally friendly because in most cases, stoichiometric amounts of chiral inductors are used and substantial waste is produced. In this context, asymmetric catalysis has emerged as an efficient tool for the synthesis of enantiomerically enriched compounds using chiral catalysts. More specifically, considering the current scenario in the Brazilian chemical industry, especially that of pharmaceuticals, the immediate prospect for the use of synthetic routes developed in Brazil in an enantioselective fashion or even the discovery of new drugs is practically null. Currently, the industrial production of drugs in Brazil is primarily focused on the production of generic drugs and is basically supported by imports of intermediates from China and India. In order to change this panorama and move forward toward the gradual incorporation of genuinely Brazilian synthetic routes, strong incentive policies, especially those related to continuous funding, will be needed. These incentives could be a breakthrough once we establish several research groups working in the area of organic synthesis and on the development and application of chiral organocatalysts and ligands in asymmetric catalysis, thus contributing to boost the development of the Brazilian chemical industry. Considering these circumstances, Brazil can benefit from this opportunity because we have a wide biodiversity and a large pool of natural resources that can be used as starting materials for the production of new chiral catalysts and are creating competence in asymmetric catalysis and related areas. This may decisively contribute to the growth of chemistry in our country.

6815 downloads

Composition, community structure and vertical distribution of epiphytic ferns on Alsophila setosa Kaulf., in a Semideciduous Seasonal Forest, Morro Reuter, RS, Brazil
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Schneider, Paulo Henrique

; Schmitt, Jairo Lizandro

Acta Botanica Brasilica

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sep 2011, Volume 25 N. 3 Pages 557 - 565

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Nas florestas tropicais as samambaias arborescentes constituem forófitos importantes para o estabelecimento e ocorrência de espécies epifíticas. A composição, a estrutura e a distribuição vertical de samambaias epifíticas foram estudadas sobre Alsophila setosa Kaulf., em fragmento de Floresta Estacional Semidecidual, localizado no município de Morro Reuter (29º32'07"S e 51º05'26"W), Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Foram amostrados 60 cáudices de no mínimo 4 m de altura e eles foram divididos em intervalos de 1 m, a partir do solo. O valor de importância específico foi estimado a partir da freqüência nos cáudices , nos intervalos e do valor de cobertura. Foram registradas 14 espécies epifíticas, representando 10 gêneros e cinco famílias. A maior riqueza específica ocorreu em Polypodiaceae. A curva de rarefação para a amostra total não assumiu uma assíntota, sendo que foram estimadas entre 14,98 e 16,95 espécies, apontando que poucas espécies ainda poderiam ser amostradas nessa área. A espécie com maior valor de importância e amplitude vertical foi Blechnum binervatum (Poir.) C.V. Morton & Lellinger, com freqüência decrescente no sentido base-ápice do cáudice. Considerando o predomínio de holoepífitos habituais, a remoção de cáudices de Alsophila setosa compromete a disponibilidade de microhabitats para epífitos no sub bosque florestal.

In tropical forests, tree ferns constitute an important phorophyte for the establishment and occurrence of epiphytic species. Composition, structure and vertical distribution of epiphytic ferns were studied on Alsophila setosa Kaulf., in a semideciduous seasonal forest fragment, in the city of Morro Reuter (29º32'07"S and 51º05'26"W), in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The sample consisted of 60 caudices of at least 4 m high, which were divided in 1 m intervals from the ground. The specific importance value was estimated trough the coverage value and caudex frequency at the intervals. A total of 14 species was recorded, belonging to 10 genera and five families. The highest specific richness occurred in Polypodiaceae. The rarefaction curve for the total sample did not reach an asymptote with an estimated 14.98 to 16.95 species, showing that a few species could still be recorded. The species with the highest importance value and vertical amplitude was Blechnum binervatum (Poir.) C.V. Morton & Lellinger, with a decreasing frequency from bottom to top of the caudex. Considering the predominance of habitual holoepiphytes, the removal of Alsophila setosa caudices compromises microhabitat availability for epiphytes in the forest understory.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-33062011000300007 3543 downloads Cited 3 times in SciELO

INCREMENTO VOLUMÉTRICO DE Nectandra megapotamica (Spreng.) Mez EM FLORESTA OMBRÓFILA MISTA
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Souza, Luis Henrique da Silva

; Finger, César Augusto Guimarães

; Schneider, Paulo Renato

Ciência Florestal

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sep 2009, Volume 19 N. 3 Pages 305 - 314

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O crescimento de árvores dominantes de Nectandra megapotamica (Spreng.) Mez, amostradas em Floresta Ombrófila Mista, no município de Nova Prata, RS foi reconstruído com base em dados obtidos com a técnica da dendrocronologia. O crescimento volumétrico expresso pelo incremento percentual foi modelado para cada árvore por iv% = (b + b1.ln d)2, e a seguir comparadas por análise de covariância, permitindo classifica-las em 3 grupos distintos quanto a inclinação do modelo (b1) e intercepto (b) das linhas de regressão. Os coeficientes de inclinação e intercepto foram modelados como função da variável altura - diâmetro (h/d), incremento diamétrico medido sobre rolo de incremento nos últimos 5cm (id5) amostrado ao nível do diâmetro a altura do peito(d), exposição do terreno (EXPOS), índice de competição BAL corrigido (BALcor), e comprimento da copa exposta a luz (Lc), pelas equações b1 = 0,41739 + 4,16179.id5 - 6,29332.h/d + 0,37823.EXPOS - 0,11519Ir + 5,80419.BALcor - 0,06858.Lc, com coeficiente de determinação ajustado igual a 0,9979 e erro padrão em percentagem da média de - 1,73%, e b = 2,62466 - 13,37024.id5 + 22,08329.h/d - 1,33161.EXPOS + 0,34689.Ir -23,88899.BALcor + 0,25692.Lc, com coeficiente de determinação ajustado de 0,9907 e erro-padrão em percentagem da média igual a 2,71%.

ABSTRACT In this work, it is studied the growth of Nectandra megapotamica (Spreng.) Mez species through a sampler compounded by eleven dominant trees selected from a rainforest in Nova Prata, Rio Grande do Sul. The mathematical model which better represents the growth trend in percentage volume was described as iv%=(b0+b1.ln d)2, fitting individually per tree, being possible to describe the variations of slope (b1) and intercept (b0) coefficients between trees with the relation height - diameter (h/d), diameter increment measured on the last 5 cm on bore increment (id5) sampled on diameter breast height (d), exposition (EXPOS), corrected Basal Area Large (BALcor) and crown length exposed to sunlight (Lc), considering the following expressions: b1= 0,41739 + 4,16179.id5 - 6,29332.h/d + 0,37823.EXPOS - 0,11519Ir + 5,80419.BALcor - 0,06858.Lc, with determination coefficient equal to 0,9979 and standard error in percentage of the mean of -1,73%, and b0= 2,62466 -13,37024.id5 + 22,08329.h/d - 1,33161.EXPOS + 0,34689.Ir -23,88899.BALcor + 0,25692.L, with determination coefficient fitting on 0,9907 and standard error in percentage of the mean of 2,71%.

https://doi.org/10.5902/19805098886 244 downloads

Crescimento do cáudice e fenologia de Dicksonia sellowiana Hook. (Dicksoniaceae) no sul do Brasil
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Schmitt, Jairo Lizandro

; Schneider, Paulo Henrique

; Windisch, Paulo Günter

Acta Botanica Brasilica

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mar 2009, Volume 23 N. 1 Pages 283 - 291

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

No sul e sudeste do Brasil, a samambaia arborescente Dicksonia sellowiana Hook. é ainda extraída ilegalmente de remanescentes florestais para uso da capa fibrosa do seu cáudice, bem como para cultivo como planta ornamental. No presente trabalho, o crescimento do cáudice, a produção, expansão e senescência de frondes, bem como a formação e liberação de esporos de D. sellowiana foram estudados com base na observação de 37 plantas. Durante um período de um ano de observação, os cáudices cresceram, em média, 5,65 cm ano-1, sendo que a taxa de crescimento se correlacionou fortemente com a altura das plantas. As taxas de produção de frondes novas (10,86 frondes ano-1) e de senescência (10,54 frondes ano-1), similares, evidenciaram capacidade de manter um número de frondes estável, no ano. Apenas 14 indivíduos desenvolveram frondes férteis, sendo que a maioria das plantas produziu esporos no verão, liberando-os no inverno. A produção e liberação de esporos foram mais influenciadas pela temperatura e fotoperíodo do que pela precipitação.

In Southern and Southeastern Brazil, the tree fern Dicksonia sellowiana Hook. still is illegally extracted from remnants forests for the use of its fibrous caudex cover, as well as for cultivation as an ornamental plant. In the present study the caudex growth, frond production, expansion and senescence as well as the formation and release of spores have been studied based on the observation of 37 plants. During an observation period of one year, the caudexes grew at an average of 5.65 cm year-1 and the growth rate presented a strong correlation with the height of the plants. Similar frond production rate (10.86 fronds year-1) and senescence (10.54 fronds year-1) evidenced the capacity of maintaining a stable number of fronds throughout the year. Only 14 individuals developed fertile fronds, most of them producing spores during the summer and liberating them during the winter. Production and release of spores were influenced more by temperature and photoperiod rather than by rainfall.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-33062009000100030 5445 downloads Cited 9 times in SciELO

10.

Caracterização da pureza de fosfatidilcolina da soja através de RMN de ¹H e de 31P
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Mertins, Omar

; Sebben, Marcelo

; Henrique Schneider, Paulo

; Pohlmann, Adriana Raffin

; Silveira, Nádya Pesce da

Química Nova

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2008, Volume 31 N. 7 Pages 1856 - 1859

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

A strategy is proposed to evaluate the purity of phosphatidylcholine from soybean lecithin, obtained by extraction or column chromatography, using the integrals ratio of ¹H NMR spectra. Integrals of methylene signals, around 1.3 and 1.6 ppm, are added and divided by the integral of the choline methyl groups, around 3.3 ppm. Before purification, a ratio of 19.68±1.37 was determined. Using extraction, a ratio of 10.70±0.61 was found, while from column chromatography, a value of 2.99±0.25 was detected. 31P NMR of standard phosphatidylcholine showed signals at -0.2 and -0.9 ppm, whereas the purified one showed a single signal at -0.9 ppm.

6572 downloads Cited 1 time in SciELO

11.

ANÁLISE DA MORTALIDADE DE Acacia mearnsii De Wild.
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Schneider, Paulo Renato

; Fortes, Fabiano de Oliveira

; Souza, Luis Henrique da Silva

; Lúcio, Alessandro Dal’Col

; Finger, César Augusto Guimarães

; Schneider, Paulo Sérgio Pigatto

Ciência Florestal

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jun 2005, Volume 15 N. 2 Pages 137 - 143

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO A mortalidade de povoamentos de Acacia mearnsii De Wild. foi estudada tomando por base parcelas permanentes estratificadas em diferentes espaçamentos e sítios. Os resultados permitiram concluir que a probabilidade de mortalidade (PM) pode ser estimada por meio de uma função probabilística em relação ao inverso do diâmetro à altura do peito (d) e da idade (t): PM = {1+ EXP (-9,5593 . d-1 + 104,9543 . t-1)}-1. Mediante a correlação de Pearson, verificou-se uma alta associação entre a taxa de mortalidade com a idade, diâmetro médio, altura média, altura dominante, área basal, volume e espaço vital. Constatou-se que a mortalidade está diretamente relacionada com a idade, qualidade do sítio e espaço vital em determinada fase de crescimento das árvores no povoamento.

ABSTRACT The mortality probability of the Acacia mearnsii De Wild. stands was studied in permanent sample stratified at different spacings and site. The results allowed to conclude that the mortality can estimated with a probabilistic function in relation with the inverse of the diameter at breast height (d) and age (t): PM = {1+ EXP (-9,5593 . d-1 + 104,9543 . t-1)}-1. By the Pearson correlation of the mortality rate it was verified a high association with age, average diameter, average height, dominant height, basal area, volume and vital spacing. It was verified that the mortality is directly related to age, site quality and vital spacing in some periods of growth of the trees in the stand.

https://doi.org/10.5902/198050981831 313 downloads

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