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BACKGROUND: A robust knowledge on the pattern of use of emergency care resources not only serves as an indicator of universal access to care but also provides a basis for quality improvement within the health system. This study was undertaken to describe the pattern of emergency room visits at Brits District Hospital (BDH) in North West province, South Africa. The objectives of this study were to determine the sociodemographic characteristics of emergency department (ED) users and other patterns of ED use. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study that was conducted at a district hospital. All patients who reported for emergency care in the ED in 2016 were eligible for the study. Data were extracted and analysed from a systematic sample of 355 clinical notes and hospital administrative records. RESULTS: The age group that visited the ED most frequently (25.3%) was 25-34 years old. A high proportion of the ED users (60%) were self-referred, and only 38% were transported by the emergency medical response services (EMRS). Few (5.6%) presentations were of a non-urgent nature. Trauma-related conditions accounted for the most frequent presentation at the ED (36.5%). CONCLUSION: Although most ED users were self-referred, their clinical presentations were appropriate and underscore the need for policy strategies to reduce the burden of trauma in the catchment population. CONTRIBUTION: The study findings may have an impact on future health policies by providing decision-makers with baseline information on the pattern of use of ED resources, ensuring better resource deployment and greater access to care.

https://doi.org/10.4102/safp.v66i1.5816

Developing professionalism from within and outside: Reflections of editors of the Journal of Student Affairs in Africa at 10 years
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Luescher, Thierry M.

; Mason, Henry

; Moja, Teboho

; Nyar-Ndlovu, Annsilla

; Schreiber, Birgit

; Wildschut, Angelique

Journal of Student Affairs in Africa

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2023, Volume 11 N. 1 Pages 1 - 18

Abstract: Fr En | Text: Fr En | PDF: Fr | PDF: En

Le 10e anniversaire du Journal of Student Affairs in Africa (JSAA) constitue une bonne occasion de demander de quelle manière les rédacteurs du JSAA estiment avoir contribué à la réalisation de l'objectif de la revue visant à professionnaliser les Œuvres Estudiantines dans les universités africaines. En utilisant quatre récits réflexifs de six rédacteurs de la revue, cet article analyse les réflexions des rédacteurs sur leur parcours professionnel et le rôle joué par la revue dans celui-ci; comment ils contribuent au développement professionnel de leurs pairs grâce à leur poste de rédacteur ; les défis auxquels ils sont confrontés et les leçons qu'ils ont apprises ; et les visions qu'ils ont pour l'avenir de la revue. En appliquant les notions de professionnalisme d'Evetts (2003), nous identifions différents types de professionnalisme exprimés dans les récits réflexifs. Nous constatons que l'action des rédacteurs combine les normes, l'éthique et les procédures opérationnelles de publication avec des principes et des engagements propres aux services aux étudiants africains. À cet égard, le processus de professionnalisation dirigé par le JSAA combine à la fois des éléments de professionnalisme « de l'intérieur » et « de l'extérieur ». Nous soulignons en outre les engagements des rédacteurs envers le bien-être (des étudiants, du personnel et des communautés), le développement professionnel et l'excellence, l'inclusion délibérée et la justice sociale, ainsi que l'accent mis sur la pertinence dans le contexte des services aux étudiants africains.

The 10th anniversary of the Journal of Student Affairs in Africa (JSAA) is a good occasion to ask in what ways the editors of JSAA think they have contributed to achieving the journal's aim to contribute to professionalizing student affairs in Africa. Using four reflective accounts of six editors of the journal, this article analyses the editors' reflections on their professional pathways and the role the journal played in them; how they contribute to the professional development of their peers by means of their editorship; the challenges they encounter and lessons they have learned; and the visions they have for the future of the journal. By applying Evetts' (2003) notions of professionalism, we identify different types of professionalism signified in the reflective accounts. We find that the agency of the editors combines standards, ethics, and operating procedures of publishing with principles and commitments indigenous to African student affairs. In this regard, the JSAA-led professionalization process combines both elements of professionalism 'from within' and 'from outside'. We further highlight commitments of the editors to well-being (of students, staff, and communities), professional development and excellence, deliberate inclusivity and social justice, and a focus on relevance in the African student affairs context.

https://doi.org/10.24085/jsaa.v11i1.4660

The potential of the Peruvian anti COVID-19 herbal pharmacopoeia
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Cervera-Ocaña, Martha S.

; Fabian-Ramos, Henry S.

; Quiñones-Laveriano, Dante M.

Revista del Cuerpo Médico Hospital Nacional Almanzor Aguinaga Asenjo

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oct 2022, Volume 15 N. 4 elocation e1608

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.35434/rcmhnaaa.2022.154.1608

Corrigendum : Aerial map demonstrates erosional patterns and changing topography at Isimila, Tanzania
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Bergstrom, Kersten

; Lawrence, Austin B.

; Pelissero, Alex J.

; Hammond, Lauren J.

; Maro, Eliwasa

; Bunn, Henry T.

; Musiba, Charles M.

South African Journal of Science

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feb 2022, Volume 118 N. 1-2 Pages 1 - 1

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.17159/sajs.2022/5911c 1 downloads

Improving household nutrition security and public health in the CARICOM, 2018–2022
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Jones, Waneisha

; Murphy, Madhuvanti M.

; Henry, Fitzroy

; Dunn, Leith

; Samuels, T. Alafia

Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública

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2022, Volume 46 elocation e88

Abstract: Es En Pt | Text: Es En Pt | PDF: Es | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

RESUMEN El Caribe está registrando un empeoramiento de la epidemia de obesidad y enfermedades no transmisibles (ENT) y presenta las peores tasas de mortalidad prematura por enfermedades cardiovasculares de la Región de las Américas. La creación de entornos propicios para mejorar la diversidad alimentaria contribuiría a reducir la obesidad y las ENT relacionadas con la alimentación. El proyecto “Mejorar la seguridad nutricional de los hogares y la salud pública en CARICOM” tiene por objetivo ampliar la diversidad alimentaria en el Caribe y acordar y ejecutar intervenciones efectivas con perspectiva de género para mejorar la soberanía alimentaria, la seguridad alimentaria de los hogares y la nutrición en los Estados de CARICOM. Se llevaron a cabo investigaciones primarias cuantitativas y cualitativas, revisiones exploratorias, ejecución de intervenciones y actividades de difusión, y se impulsó la participación de las partes interesadas. En este artículo se describen el diseño y la ejecución del proyecto en general, se analizan sus desafíos y limitaciones, y se presentan sus logros básicos para que se tengan en cuenta en la labor adicional que realizan los pequeños Estados insulares en desarrollo de CARICOM con el fin de impulsar la agenda de nutrición en el Caribe. Los resultados de las actividades de investigación del proyecto se presentan en otros documentos publicados en este número especial sobre seguridad nutricional en los Estados de CARICOM.

ABSTRACT The Caribbean is experiencing a worsening epidemic of obesity and noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) and it has the worst rates of premature mortality from cardiovascular diseases in the region of the Americas. Creating enabling environments to improve dietary diversity would help reduce obesity and diet-related NCDs. The Improving Household Nutrition Security and Public Health in the CARICOM project aimed to increase dietary diversity in the Caribbean, and to determine and implement effective, gender-sensitive interventions to improve food sovereignty, household food security, and nutrition in CARICOM states. Primary quantitative and qualitative research, scoping reviews, stakeholder engagement, implementation of interventions and dissemination activities were undertaken. This paper describes the overall project design and implementation, discusses challenges and limitations, and presents core achievements to inform further work in Small Island Developing States throughout CARICOM to advance the nutrition agenda in the Caribbean. The results of the project’s research activities are presented in other papers published in this special issue on nutrition security in CARICOM states.

RESUMO O Caribe está passando por um agravamento da epidemia de obesidade e doenças não transmissíveis (DNTs) e tem as piores taxas de mortalidade prematura por doenças cardiovasculares na Região das Américas. A criação de ambientes favoráveis para melhorar a diversidade alimentar ajudaria a reduzir a obesidade e as DNTs relacionadas à alimentação. O projeto Improving Household Nutrition Security and Public Health in the CARICOM [Melhoria da segurança nutricional doméstica e da saúde pública na CARICOM] teve como objetivo aumentar a diversidade alimentar no Caribe e determinar e implementar intervenções eficazes e sensíveis ao gênero para melhorar a soberania alimentar, a segurança alimentar doméstica e a nutrição nos estados da CARICOM. Foram realizadas pesquisas quantitativas e qualitativas primárias, revisões de escopo, ações de envolvimento das partes interessadas, implementação de intervenções e atividades de divulgação. Este documento descreve a elaboração e a implementação geral do projeto, analisa seus desafios e limitações e apresenta as principais realizações para informar o trabalho futuro nos pequenos Estados insulares em desenvolvimento em toda a CARICOM, visando a avançar a agenda nutricional no Caribe. Os resultados das atividades de pesquisa do projeto são apresentados em outros artigos publicados neste número especial sobre segurança nutricional nos Estados da CARICOM.

https://doi.org/10.26633/rpsp.2022.88

Acknowledgement to reviewers
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Diniso, Chuma

; Reddy, Collin D.

; Chikwira, Collin

; Dyason, David

; Rossouw, Dirk

; Amadhila, Elina

; Venter, Elmarie

; Human, Gert

; Els, Gideon

; Koloba, Habofanwe

; Mynhardt, Henry

; Boikanyo, Herman

; van Wyk, Ireze

; Kaseeram, Irrshad

; Lubbe, Isolde

; Krüger, Janine

; Laba, Karolina

; Njenga, Kennedy

; Mopalami, Kgomotso

; Viljoen, Kim L.

; Abiwu, Lawrence

; van Staden, Louis J.

; Louw, Lynette

; Kanyangale, MacDonald

; Bezuidenhout, Magda L

; Ramchander, Manduth

; Bomani, Mapeto

; Potgieter, Marius

; Wait, Marius

; Rathbone, Mark

; Magocha, Medicine

; Cant, Michael C.

; Maleka, Molefe J.

; Saurombe, Musawenkosi D.

; Mukhavhuli, Muthuhadini B.

; Mans-Kemp, Nadia

; Eccles, Neil

; Dhanpat, Nelesh

; Swart, Nellie

; Dhliwayo, Shepherd

; Gallow, Shiksha

; Nyikana, Siyabulela

; Naidoo, Sugandren

; Ndofirepi, Takawira M.

; Tselepis, Thea J.

; Farisani, Tshililo R.

; Hermann, Uwe P.

; Makhubela, Vincent F.

; Naidoo, Vinessa

; Mtembu, Vuyokazi N.

; Niemann, Wesley

; Chinyamurindi, Willie T.

; Fields, Ziska

; Bugwa, Vinay

; Thindisa, Victor

Acta Commercii

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2022, Volume 22 N. 1 Pages 1 - 1

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Association between Ichthyocladius (Diptera: Chironomidae) and armored catfishes in the Guareí River basin, São Paulo State, Brazil
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AZEVEDO-SANTOS, VALTER M.

; SHIMABUKURO, ERIKA M.

; PELICICE, FERNANDO M.

; HENRY, RAOUL

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2022, Volume 94 N. 4 elocation e20201829

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Ichthyocladius is a genus of chironomid (Diptera, Insecta) whose immature forms live attached to the bodies of some species of freshwater fishes. Here we investigate the association between Ichthyocladius spp. and armored catfish in streams of the Guareí River basin, Paraná River system, Brazil. We provide the first record of I. lilianae associated with fish in the São Paulo State and the Paraná River basin. In addition, this is the first report of Ichthyocladius associated with the armored catfishes Hypostomus iheringii and H. tietensis. Lastly, we record two undescribed species of Chironomidae (i.e., Ichthyocladius sp. 1 and Ichthyocladius sp. 2) associated with fishes.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202220201829

Diferencias de género y cambios tecnológicos en el campo laboral de la administración pública de Ecuador
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Gallegos-Varela, Mónica C.

; Beltrán-Urvina, Ligia I.

; Vallejos-Orbe, Henry M.

; Galiano-Andrade, Nelly E.

Información tecnológica

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dec 2021, Volume 32 N. 6 Pages 159 - 168

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract: The main objective of this research study is to assess digital competence among managers at the decentralized autonomous government in Ecuador in regards to knowledge and use of basic management digital tools according to gender and attitudes towards ICT (Information and communications technology). The methodology applied is quantitative, non-experimental, descriptive, and inferential. A digital questionnaire is used to survey 85 managers. The results show non-significant differences in digital skills and knowledge between genders. There is a positive attitude towards ICT in both men and women. Men are valued better than women in knowledge, management, and attitude. It is concluded that differences between genders are not significant and there is evidence of female progress in reducing gender gaps with males.

Resumen: El principal objetivo de esta investigación es evaluar el nivel de competencias digitales de directivos de gobiernos autónomos descentralizados de Ecuador en torno al conocimiento y manejo de herramientas digitales básicas para su gestión en función de género y sus actitudes hacia las TIC (Tecnologías de la información y comunicación). Se emplea una metodología cuantitativa no experimental, descriptiva e inferencial. Se utiliza un cuestionario digital para la recolección de información a 85 directivos. Los resultados muestran diferencias no significativas en las competencias digitales de uso y conocimiento en función del género, así como una actitud positiva hacia las TIC tanto en hombres como en mujeres. Se evidencia que los hombres se valoran mejor que las mujeres en conocimientos, manejo y actitud. Se concluye que las diferencias de género no son significativas y se evidencia un progreso considerable por parte del género femenino en cuanto a las brechas entre hombres y mujeres.

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Exploring Female Enrollment and Outcomes in Chemical Engineering and their Experiences in Pursuit of a Career in STEM
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Henry, P. Ο. V.

; Hall, M. A.

; Plummer, D. A.

SAIEE Africa Research Journal

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dec 2021, Volume 112 N. 4 Pages 198 - 206

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The need for more engineers in Jamaica has increased in recent times. Recognizing that females are underrepresented in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM), more efforts are being made to encourage females to pursue careers in STEM. Although engineering continues to be male dominated, there are a few engineering disciplines with relatively high female participation. Chemical engineering (ChE) is one of these engineering disciplines. In this study, gender differences in enrollment and persistence in ChE, the quality of degree obtained on completion and the job placement of female graduates were investigated. A survey was used to obtain qualitative information on factors that influence females to study ChE, and their gender-related experiences as students and STEM employees. The main findings revealed that females represented 41% of ChE intake, had higher rates of degree completion, were motivated by male role models to pursue engineering, and few females experienced some forms of gender-based discrimination in STEM employment. Based on the study, strategies were suggested to improve the number of females in STEM and to address the issues of gender bias in STEM employment.

15 downloads

10.

Use of cooled buffalo semen as a strategy to increase conception rates in fixed-time artificial insemination programs during unfavorable reproductive periods
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Almeida, J.

; Brito, M.F.

; Neves, B.P.

; Becerra, V.A.B.

; Auler, P.A.

; Hadad, J.P.

; Baruselli, P.S.

; Henry, M.

Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia

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may 2021, Volume 73 N. 3 Pages 560 - 570

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a eficiência reprodutiva de búfalas leiteiras submetidas a protocolos de inseminação artificial em tempo fixo (IATF) à base de progesterona/estrogênio (P4/E2) e eCG, durante a estação reprodutiva desfavorável, usando-se sêmen resfriado (SR) e congelado (SC) Um total de 446 búfalas (> 40 dias após o parto) foi distribuído aleatoriamente em quatro blocos (anos): B1-2014 (n = 143), B2-2015 (n = 34), B3-2016 (n = 90) e B4-2017 (n = 179). Cada bloco foi subdividido em dois (IA com SR e SC utilizando-se a mesma ejaculação de cada touro). Assim, a subdivisão do bloco foi a seguinte: B1 (SR = 71 e SC = 72); B2 (SR = 18 e SC = 16); B3 (SR = 47 e SC = 43); e B4 (SR = 90 e SC = 89). Os ejaculados de oito touros Murrah coletados com vagina artificial foram divididos em duas alíquotas: uma alíquota diluída em diluente comercial Botu-Bov® e resfriada (BB-SR), e a outra diluída no mesmo diluente e congelada (BB-SC). As alíquotas de BB-SR foram resfriados a 5°C/24h usando-se um refrigerador. As alíquotas do grupo BB-SC também foram resfriadas e, após equilíbrio a 5°C por 4h, foram colocadas em uma caixa de isopor de 21L, 5 cm acima da superfície do nitrogênio líquido. À tarde (A), no D0 (14h), os animais receberam BE 2,0 mg IM (Estrogin®) e um implante auricular (Crestar® 3,0 mg P4). No D9 (A), o implante foi retirado e os animais receberam eCG 400 UI IM (Folligon® 5000) + cloprostenol PGF2α 0,530 mg IM (Sincrocio®). No D10 (A), os animais receberam BE 1,0mg IM (Estrogin®), e, no D12 (8h da manhã), foram realizadas as IAs. No D42, a gestação foi diagnosticada por ultrassonografia. As taxas de concepção (TC) totais foram 48,2% SR e 34,6% SC para os anos de 2014 a 2017, com uma diferença significativa de 13,7% (P<0,05). Em conclusão, o sêmen resfriado resultou em maior TC do que o sêmen congelado em bubalinos leiteiros sob P4/E2 e eCG FTAI durante a estação reprodutiva desfavorável.

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to compare the reproductive efficiency of dairy buffaloes undergoing fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI) protocols based on progesterone/estrogen (P4/E2) and eCG during unfavorable breeding season using cooled (CS) and frozen semen (FS). A total of 446 buffaloes (> 40 days postpartum) were randomly distributed into four blocks (years): B1-2014 (n = 143), B2-2015 (n = 34), B3-2016 (n = 90), and B4-2017 (n = 179). Each block was subdivided into two (AI with CS and FS using the same ejaculate of each bull). Thus, the block subdivision was as follows: B1 (CS = 71 and FS = 72); B2 (CS = 18 and FS = 16); B3 (CS = 47 and FS = 43); and B4 (CS = 90 and FS = 89). The ejaculates of eight Murrah bulls collected using an artificial vagina were divided into two aliquots: one aliquot was diluted in Botu-Bov® commercial extender and cooled (BB-CS), and the other was diluted in the same extender and frozen (BB-FS). BB-CS aliquots were cooled at 5 °C/24 h using a refrigerator. BB-FS group aliquots were also cooled, and after equilibrating at 5 °C for 4 h, were placed in a 21-L Styrofoam box, 5 cm above the surface of liquid nitrogen. In the afternoon (A) on D0 (2:00 p.m.) the animals received EB 2.0 mg IM (Estrogin®) and an ear implant (CRESTAR® 3.0 mg P4). At D9 (A), the implant was removed, and the animals received eCG 400 IU IM (Folligon® 5000) + Cloprostenol PGF2α 0.530 mg IM (Sincrocio®). At D10 (A), the animals received EB 1.0 mg IM (Estrogin®), and at D12 (8:00 a.m.), AI was performed. At D42, pregnancy was diagnosed via ultrasonography. Total CRs were 48.2% CS and 34.6% FS for years 2014 to 2017, with a significant difference of 13.7% (P<0.05). In conclusion, cooled semen resulted in higher CR than frozen semen in dairy buffaloes under the P4/E2 and eCG FTAI during the unfavorable reproductive season.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-12142 182 downloads

11.

Securitized Referent Objects in Brazilian Defence Documents: Natural Resources, Critical Infrastructure and Energy Security
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Silva, Henry Iure de Paiva

; Teixeira Júnior, Augusto W. M.

Contexto Internacional

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apr 2021, Volume 43 N. 1 Pages 77 - 98

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Como os documentos de defesa do Brasil incorporam recursos naturais e infraestrutura crítica como componentes políticos e estratégicos da estrutura de segurança energética nacional? Após apresentar o panorama internacional contemporâneo, marcado por potências e geopolíticas emergentes, o artigo explica a teoria e os fundamentos conceituais que sustentam a reivindicação de um movimento de securitização de recursos naturais e infraestrutura crítica relacionada à segurança energética em resposta à ausência de ameaças existenciais ao Brasil. Seguindo esse esforço, o texto reflete e analisa como o assunto se desenvolveu de 2005 a 2016 nas políticas de defesa brasileiras e nas estratégias nacionais de defesa. Ao aplicar a teoria da securitização ao estudo de caso, as considerações finais convidam à reflexão acerca da importância de se incorporar a geopolítica dos recursos naturais e da infraestrutura crítica relacionada à segurança energética ao pensamento de defesa.

Abstract How do Brazil’s defence documents incorporate natural resources and critical infrastructure as political and strategic components of the national energy security framework? After presenting the contemporary international landscape on the subject, which is marked by rising powers and geopolitics, the paper explains the theory and the conceptual foundations that support the claim of a securitization movement on natural resources and critical infrastructure that relates to energy security in response to the absence of existential threats to Brazil. Following this effort, the text reflects upon and analyses how the matter has developed from 2005 to 2016 in Brazilian defence policies and in national defence strategies. By applying securitization theory to the case study, the final remarks imply the need for a reflection on the importance of incorporating the geopolitics of natural resources and critical infrastructure related to energy security in defence thinking.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-8529.2019430100004 757 downloads

12.

Drifting in a free-flowing river: Distribution of fish eggs and larvae in a small tributary of a Neotropical reservoir
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Azevedo-Santos, Valter M.

; Daga, Vanessa S.

; Pelicice, Fernando M.

; Henry, Raoul

Biota Neotropica

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2021, Volume 21 N. 4 elocation e20211227

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo: Investigamos as variações espaciais e temporais na distribuição de ovos e larvas de peixes no rio Guareí, um afluente de fluxo livre localizado na parte superior do Reservatório de Jurumirim, bacia do rio Paranapanema, Brasil. Ovos e larvas de peixes foram amostrados ~ quinzenalmente de novembro de 2017 a março de 2018 (Ciclo 1), e de novembro de 2018 a março de 2019 (Ciclo 2), em três locais distribuídos ao longo de todo o curso do rio Guareí. Foram coletados 859 ovos de peixes e 1.340 larvas, compreendendo 19 táxons. Nós encontramos atividade reprodutiva de várias espécies no rio Guareí, incluindo espécies migradoras de longa distância. Contudo, não houve diferenças espaciais na estrutura das assembleias e nas densidades de ovos e larvas e ao longo do canal do rio Guareí. Diferenças temporais foram significativas apenas para densidade de larvas no Ciclo 2. A captura consistente de ovos e larvas de peixes em dois ciclos reprodutivos é uma forte evidência de que este rio é um local para a reprodução de várias espécies de peixes. Assim, recomendamos a manutenção do seu regime de fluxo natural.

Abstract: We investigated spatial and temporal variations in the distribution of fish eggs and larvae in the Guareí River, a free-flowing tributary located in the upper section of the Jurumirim Reservoir, Paranapanema River, Brazil. Fish eggs and larvae were sampled ~ fortnightly from November 2017 to March 2018 (Cycle 1), and from November 2018 to March 2019 (Cycle 2), at three sites distributed along the entire course of the Guareí River. We collected 859 fish eggs and 1,340 larvae, comprising 19 taxa. We found reproductive activity of several fish species in the Guareí River, including long-distance migrants. However, there was no spatial differences in the assemblage structure and densities of fish eggs and larvae along the channel of Guareí River. We recorded temporal differences in larvae density only in Cycle 2. The consistent capture of fish eggs and larvae in two reproductive cycles is strong evidence that this river is a spawning site for a variety of fish species. Thus, we recommend maintaining its natural flow regime.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2021-1227

13.

Occurrence and spread of the banana fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense TR4 in Mozambique
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Viljoen, Altus

; Mostert, Diane

; Chiconela, Tomas

; Beukes, Ilze

; Fraser, Connie

; Dwyer, Jack

; Murray, Henry

; Amisse, Jamisse

; Matabuana, Elie L.

; Tazan, Gladys

; Amugoli, Otuba M.

; Mondjana, Ana

; Vaz, Antonia

; Pretorius, Anria

; Bothma, Sheryl

; Rose, Lindy J.

; Beed, Fen

; Dusunceli, Fazil

; Chao, Chih-Ping

; Molina, Agustin B.

South African Journal of Science

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dec 2020, Volume 116 N. 11-12 Pages 1 - 11

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Fusarium wilt, caused by the soil-borne fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc), poses a major threat to banana production globally. A variant of Foc that originated in Southeast Asia, called tropical race 4 (TR4), was detected on a Cavendish banana export plantation (Metocheria) in northern Mozambique in 2013. Foc TR4 was rapidly disseminated on the farm, and affected approximately half a million plants within 3 years. The fungus was also detected on a second commercial property approximately 200 km away (Lurio farm) a year later, and on a small-grower's property near Metocheria farm in 2015. Surveys in Mozambique showed that non-Cavendish banana varieties were only affected by Foc race 1 and race 2 strains. The testing of Cavendish banana somaclones in northern Mozambique revealed that GCTCV-119 was most resistant to Foc TR4, but that GCTCV-218 produced better bunches. The occurrence of Foc TR4 in northern Mozambique poses a potential threat to food security on the African continent, where banana is considered a staple food and source of income to millions of people. Cavendish somaclones can be used, in combination with integrated disease management practices, to replace susceptible Cavendish cultivars in southern Africa. The comprehensive testing of African cooking bananas for resistance to Foc TR4 is required, along with the improvement of biosecurity and preparedness of growers on the African continent.SIGNIFICANCE: • This paper presents the first official report of the invasive pest Foc TR4 in Africa. • The spread of Foc TR4 on Cavendish banana farms in Mozambique was documented. • Banana varieties that could replace susceptible Cavendish bananas were identified.

https://doi.org/10.17159/sajs.2020/8608 532 downloads

14.

Diagnóstico y tratamiento del cáncer de mama HER2+: Guía de Práctica Clínica de la Sociedad Peruana de Cancerología
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Morante, Zaida D.

; Rebaza, Lia P.

; Castañeda, Carlos A.

; Luyo, Gustavo D.

; Neciosup, Silvia P.

; Vera, Luis A.

; Aliaga, Rolig A.

; Aliaga, Karina M.

; Cotrina, José M.

; Guerra, Rolando H.

; Fuentes, Hugo A.

; Malca, Jenny

; Ballón, Karinthia

; Fuentes Rivera, Paola

; Negreiros, Tatiana

; Mendoza, Zulma K.

; Hijar, Gisely

; Aramburu, Adolfo

; Gómez, Henry L.

Anales de la Facultad de Medicina

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oct 2020, Volume 81 N. 4 Pages 458 - 465

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT Introduction. In Peru, breast cancer represents the most common type of cancer in women and the sixth most lethal type of cancer in the general population. Overexpression of the epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2 +) occurs in 20% to 30% of breast cancers, and is associated with more aggressive tumors, with greater recurrence and greater mortality. Objective. Prepare a set of evidence-based recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of HER2 + breast cancer, in order to help reduce mortality, disease progression and improve quality of life. Methods. A panel of clinical specialists and methodologists was formed, who identified relevant clinical questions about the diagnosis and treatment of HER2 + breast cancer. A systematic search for CPGs was carried out in Medline (PubMed), and in developing and compiling agencies. For the formulation of recommendations, the panel of specialists discussed the evidence and elements of the context of implementation of the recommendation, following the methodology proposed by the Ministry of Health of Peru. Results. Nine clinical questions were prioritized. A total of 25 clinical recommendations were made. Conclusions. An evidence-based CPG was developed through a systematic, rigorous and transparent process developed by a multidisciplinary team.

RESUMEN Introducción. En Perú, el cáncer de mama representa el tipo de cáncer más frecuente en mujeres y el sexto tipo de cáncer más letal en la población general. La sobreexpresión del receptor del factor de crecimiento epidérmico (HER2+) ocurre en 20% a 30% de los cánceres de mama, y se asocia con tumores más agresivos, con mayor recurrencia y mayor mortalidad. Objetivo. Elaborar un conjunto de recomendaciones basadas en evidencias para el diagnóstico y tratamiento del cáncer de mama HER2+, con la finalidad de contribuir a reducir la mortalidad, progresión de la enfermedad y mejorar la calidad de vida. Métodos. Se conformó un panel de especialistas clínicos y metodólogos, quienes identificaron preguntas clínicas relevantes sobre el diagnóstico y tratamiento del cáncer de mama HER2+. Se desarrolló una búsqueda sistemática de GPC en Medline (PubMed), y en organismos elaboradores y recopiladores. Para la formulación de recomendaciones, el panel de especialistas discutió la evidencia y elementos del contexto de implementación de la recomendación, siguiendo la metodología propuesta por el Ministerio de Salud del Perú. Resultados. Se priorizó nueve preguntas clínicas. Se formuló un total de 25 recomendaciones clínicas. Conclusiones. Se elaboró una GPC basada en evidencias, a través de un proceso sistemático, riguroso y transparente desarrollado por un equipo multidisciplinario.

https://doi.org/10.15381/anales.v81i4.18839

15.

Effectiveness of tes-tris or tris association with low density lipoprotein on in vitro longevity of refrigerated buffalo semen
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Almeida, J.

; Brito, M.F.

; Becerra, V.A.B.

; Neves, B.P.

; Auler, P.A.

; Hadad, J.P.

; Henry, M.

Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia

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may 2020, Volume 72 N. 3 Pages 729 - 736

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Este estudo investigou in vitro a eficácia de quatro diferentes extensores (TES-TRIS e TRIS com lipoproteína de baixa densidade - LDL, nas concentrações de 10 ou 5%) sobre a longevidade espermática de búfalos no processo de refrigeração a 5ºC. A motilidade espermática foi avaliada a cada 24 horas até 72 horas de incubação, por sistema computadorizado “CASA”, e a integridade de membrana espermática foi examinada pelo teste hiposmótico (HOST) em T1, T24, T48 e T72 horas. Foram utilizados 11 búfalos (um ejaculado por búfalo) da raça Murrah, com idade variando de quatro a cinco anos. Imediatamente após a coleta, cada ejaculado foi fracionado em quatro alíquotas, e cada alíquota foi diluída em um dos quatro diluidores para a obtenção de 50x106 SPTZ/mL. As amostras foram envasadas em palhetas de 0,5 mL, refrigeradas (-0,25oC/minuto) até 5oC e mantidas nessa temperatura até a avaliação. Previamente à avaliação, as amostras foram aquecidas a 37oC por 30 segundos. O pacote estatístico utilizado para as análises foi o STATA 12.0 “Statistical Analysis Software”, e as médias foram comparadas pelo teste de Friedman (P<0,05). Os resultados de cinética e HOST até o tempo de 48 horas indicam que o diluidor TRIS com 10% LDL seria uma alternativa promissora para a refrigeração do sêmen a 5ºC, a ser utilizado na inseminação artificial e na inseminação artificial em tempo fixo.

ABSTRACT This study investigated in vitro the efficacy of four different extenders (TES-TRIS and TRIS with LDL low-density lipoprotein at concentrations of 10 or 5%) on the longevity of buffalo sperm in the refrigeration process at 5ºC. Sperm motility was assessed every 24 hours up to 72 hours of incubation using computer assisted sperm analysis and sperm membrane integrity was examined by the hypoosmotic test (HOST) at T1, T24, T48 and T72 hours. Eleven buffaloes (1 ejaculate per buffalo) of the Murrah breed were used, ranging in age from 4 to 5 years. Immediately after collection, each ejaculate was fractionated into 4 aliquots, and each aliquot was diluted in one of four diluents to obtain 50x106SPTZ/mL. The samples were packed in 0.5mL straws and refrigerated (-0.25°C/min) to 5°C and maintained at this temperature until evaluation. Prior to evaluation the samples were heated at 37°C for 30 seconds. The statistical package used for analysis was STATA 12.0 "Statistical Analysis Software" and means were compared by the Friedman test (P<0.05). The results of sperm kinetics and HOST indicate that the TRIS diluent with 10% LDL could be a promising alternative for semen refrigeration at 5ºC, to be used in conventional and fixed time artificial insemination.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-10903 620 downloads

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