Resumen El procesamiento de soluciones es un método de bajo costo para preparar una variedad de películas delgadas orgánicas o inorgánicas. Para compuestos de óxidos metálicos, un procesamiento de solución de un compuesto organometálico se usa con frecuencia como solución precursora para ser recubierta por rotación, seguida de un tratamiento térmico para formar el óxido metálico. En este trabajo se obtienen polvos de óxido de vanadio a partir de una simple reacción ácido-base, y luego se dispersan en alcohol isopropílico para formar una solución para spin-coating. También se agregan diferentes cantidades de sal de cobalto junto con VOx en alcohol isopropílico para formar soluciones de VOx:Co2+. Después del tratamiento térmico a 200 °C, se obtienen películas delgadas transparentes. Se analizan las propiedades ópticas, estructurales, morfológicas y químicas. Se encontró que el compuesto VO2:Co2+ es amorfo y se obtiene con una relación atómica V:Co variada de 6.6:1-1.6:1. El material presenta una absorción óptica alrededor de 2.3 eV. Se observa una interesante morfología porosa interconectada cuando la relación atómica de V:Co es ~4.9:1. Se concluye que se pueden obtener películas delgadas amorfas porosas de VO2:Co2+ a partir del spin-coating a una baja temperatura de tratamiento utilizando una solución simple sin agente complejante.

Abstract Solution-processing is a low-cost solution method to prepare a variety of organic or inorganic thin films. For metal oxide compounds, a solution-processing solution of an organometallic compound is frequently used as a precursor to be spin coated, followed by a thermal annealing to form metal oxide. In this work, vanadium oxide powders are obtained from a simple acid-base reaction, and then they are dispersed in isopropyl alcohol to form a solution for spin-coating. Different amount of cobalt salt are also added together with VOx into isopropyl alcohol to form VOx:Co2+ solutions. After thermal annealing at 200 °C, continuous transparent thin films are obtained. Optical, structural, morphological and chemical binding energies of those films are analyzed. It is found that amorphous VO2:Co2+ compound is formed in those films with V:Co atomic ratios between 6.6:1 and 1.6:1. Optical absorption onsets of those films are around 2.3 eV. An interesting interconnected porous morphology is observed when the atomic ratio of V:Co is around 4.9:1. It is concluded that porous amorphous cobalt doped vanadium oxide thin films can be obtained from a spin-coating process at low annealing temperature from a simple solution without any complex agent.

Abstract The photoluminescent behavior of Eu-doped Sr3Al2O6 obtained by highly efficient solution combustion synthesis is reported. In order to understand the influence of the fuel on the synthesis, the stoichiometric quantity and an excess of fuel were evaluated. By adjusting the amount of fuel, different luminescence responses were obtained, allowing europium cations incorporation into the Sr3Al2O6 lattice to serve as effective luminescence activators in such a short time during the rapid combustion synthesis process. The higher amount of fuel in the presence of the oxidizing agent produced Sr3Al2O6:Eu particles with higher phosphorescence brightness, owing to the increase of the reduction process from Eu3+ to Eu2+. The synthesized phosphor showed an intense band emission centered at 515 nm and could be excited over a broad spectral range in the UV-visible region. Particles having nanostructured flake-type morphology were obtained, which was considered a micro-nanofunctional candidate for practical applications.

Resumo Objetivo: avaliar a concordância entre altura, peso e índice de massa corporal (IMC) aferidos durante o acompanhamento dos 22 anos da coorte de nascimentos de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, de 1993, e dados autorrelatados durante o acompanhamento online da coortesnaweb. Métodos: estudo transversal de validação; a concordância foi avaliada pelos coeficientes de correlação de Lin para medidas contínuas e de Kappa ponderado para o estado nutricional; utilizou-se a correlação de Spearman para estimar a correlação entre as medidas. Resultados: 783 participantes foram incluídos; observou-se alta correlação e alta concordância entre as medidas de altura (r = 0,966; ρ = 0,966), peso (r = 0,934; ρ = 0,928) e IMC (r = 0,903; ρ = 0,910) aferidas e as autorrelatadas via internet; não houve correlação entre as diferenças médias e o intervalo de tempo entre as medidas. Conclusão: utilizar a internet para coletar medidas antropométricas autorrelatadas é um método válido, comparado ao método tradicional.

RESUMEN Objetivo: evaluar la concordancia entre la altura, el peso y el índice de masa corporal (IMC) medidos durante el acompañamiento de 22 años de la cohorte de nacimientos de Pelotas de 1993 y autoinformado durante el seguimiento en línea de la coortesnaweb. Métodos: estudio metodológico de validación. Se utilizó el coeficiente de correlación de Lin para medidas continuas, y de Kappa ponderado para el estado nutricional y la correlación de Spearman para la correlación entre medidas. Resultados: se incluyeron 783 participantes, con alta correlación y concordancia entre las medidas de talla (r = 0,966; ρ = 0,966), peso (r = 0,934; ρ = 0,928) e IMC (r = 0,903; ρ = 0,910) medidos y autoinformados vía web. No hubo correlación entre las diferencias de medidas y el intervalo de tiempo entre las mediciones. Conclusión: el uso de internet para recopilar variables antropométricas autoinformadas es válido en comparación con el método tradicional.

ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the agreement between measured height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) during the 22-year follow-up of the 1993 Pelotas Birth Cohort, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, and self-reported data during the online follow-up of the coortesnaweb. Methods: this was a cross-sectional validation study; agreement was assessed by means of Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient for continuous measures and weighted Kappa for nutritional status; Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient was used to estimate the correlation between measurements. Results: a total of 783 participants were included; it could be seen high correlation and high agreement between the measured height (r = 0.966; ρ = 0.966), weight (r = 0.934; ρ = 0.928), and BMI (r = 0.903; ρ = 0.910) and Web-based self-reported data; there was no correlation between mean difference and the time interval between measurements. Conclusion: using the Internet to collect self-reported anthropometric measurements is as valid as the traditional method.

Objectives of this research were to examine differential gene expression profiles of Nguni and Bonsmara cattle fed diets differing in their energy density. The ultimate goal was to improve understanding of the mechanisms that underlie differences between these breeds and the potential interactions of the differences between breeds with the nutritive environment. The experiment was designed as a 2 χ 2 factorial arrangement of breed and diet (12.5 MJ/kg DM vs. 10.9 MJ/kg DM). The initial feeding trial had 10 bull calves per treatment. However, financial constraints limited RNA sequencing to six animals per treatment and the RNA generated from one animal was of insufficient quality to be useful. Transcripts with false discovery rate P-values <0.05 and fold-changes >2.0 were considered significant. Bonsmara had a faster growth rate, heavier live and carcass weights, and better feed conversion compared to Nguni. However, lower levels of fat were observed in Nguni. Twenty different genes were differentially expressed, with three exhibiting interaction effects and all 20 having differences in transcript abundance between the breeds. A dietary effect was only observed for the one gene and that gene was also subject to an interaction effect with breed. Observed differences in gene expression between Bonsmara and Nguni by several genes affecting the structure or function of the mitochondria imply differences in energy metabolism between the breeds. Interaction effects on the abundance of some gene transcripts indicate the need to consider the diet when evaluating breed differences and conversely, consider breed when evaluating diets.

Abstract Chenopodium quinoa Willd. it is an Andean cereal of great importance for human consumption due to its high nutritional value. In Colombia there is a high phenotypic and genotypic variability within quinoa crops, which has not been studied and has been maintained by the same farmers cycle after production cycle. The objective of this study was to carry out an interpopulation characterization of quinoa cultivated in different producing municipalities of the department of Boyacá, in Colombia, for which 19 morphological descriptors were used, which were evaluated in situ in nine municipalities and analyzed through descriptive statistics, principal component analysis, correlation and conglomerates. In the evaluation of the quantitative traits for all the populations, it was observed that the most variable descriptors were Number of teeth lower leaf (DHI), Lower leaf length (LHI), Width upper leaf (AHI) and Number of teeth upper leaf (DHS). Great segregation between and within individuals of Blanca de Jericó and Piartal was observed for panicle and leaf color and shape, stem color, presence of teeth, and axils on upper and lower leaves. A classification key is proposed that allows in the field to be able to morphologically differentiate the genotypes of Piartal and Blanca de Jericó. This research shows that among the most cultivated genotypes in the department of Boyacá, there is still an important phenotypic diversity given at the inter and intra-individual level, due to the phenological state and the agroclimatological conditions of the different producing regions.

Resumo Chenopodium quinoa Willd. é um cereal andino de grande importância para a alimentação humana por causa do seu alto valor nutricional. Na Colômbia, existe uma alta variabilidade fenotípica e genotípica nos cultivos de quinoa, que não foi estudada e tem sido mantida pelo mesmo produtor ciclo após ciclo de produção. O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar uma caracterização interpopulacional da quinoa cultivada em diferentes municípios produtores do departamento de Boyacá, na Colômbia. Para tanto, foram utilizados 19 descritores morfológicos, avaliados in situ em nove municípios e analisados por meio de estatísticas descritivas, análise de componentes principais, correlação e conglomerados. Na avaliação dos caracteres quantitativos para todas as populações, observou-se que os descritores mais variáveis foram: número de dentes da folha inferior (DHI), comprimento da folha inferior (LHI), largura da folha superior (AHI) e número de dentes da folha superior (DHS). Entre os indivíduos de Blanca de Jericó e Piartal e dentro deles, observou-se grande segregação quanto à cor, formato da panícula e folha, cor do caule, presença de dentes e axilas nas folhas superiores e inferiores. É proposta uma chave de classificação que permite no campo poder diferenciar morfologicamente os genótipos de Piartal e Blanca de Jericó. Esta pesquisa mostra que, entre os genótipos mais cultivados no departamento de Boyacá, ainda existe uma importante diversidade fenotípica em nível inter e intraindividual, em razão do estado fenológico e das condições agroclimatológicas das diferentes regiões produtoras.

ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the agreement between measured height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) during the 22-year follow-up of the 1993 Pelotas Birth Cohort, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, and self-reported data during the online follow-up of the coortesnaweb. Methods: this was a cross-sectional validation study; agreement was assessed by means of Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient for continuous measures and weighted Kappa for nutritional status; Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient was used to estimate the correlation between measurements. Results: a total of 783 participants were included; it could be seen high correlation and high agreement between the measured height (r = 0.966; ρ = 0.966), weight (r = 0.934; ρ = 0.928), and BMI (r = 0.903; ρ = 0.910) and Web-based self-reported data; there was no correlation between mean difference and the time interval between measurements. Conclusion: using the Internet to collect self-reported anthropometric measurements is as valid as the traditional method.

RESUMEN Objetivo: evaluar la concordancia entre la altura, el peso y el índice de masa corporal (IMC) medidos durante el acompañamiento de 22 años de la cohorte de nacimientos de Pelotas de 1993 y autoinformado durante el seguimiento en línea de la coortesnaweb. Métodos: estudio metodológico de validación. Se utilizó el coeficiente de correlación de Lin para medidas continuas, y de Kappa ponderado para el estado nutricional y la correlación de Spearman para la correlación entre medidas. Resultados: se incluyeron 783 participantes, con alta correlación y concordancia entre las medidas de talla (r = 0,966; ρ = 0,966), peso (r = 0,934; ρ = 0,928) e IMC (r = 0,903; ρ = 0,910) medidos y autoinformados vía web. No hubo correlación entre las diferencias de medidas y el intervalo de tiempo entre las mediciones. Conclusión: el uso de internet para recopilar variables antropométricas autoinformadas es válido en comparación con el método tradicional.

Resumo Objetivo: avaliar a concordância entre altura, peso e índice de massa corporal (IMC) aferidos durante o acompanhamento dos 22 anos da coorte de nascimentos de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, de 1993, e dados autorrelatados durante o acompanhamento online da coortesnaweb. Métodos: estudo transversal de validação; a concordância foi avaliada pelos coeficientes de correlação de Lin para medidas contínuas e de Kappa ponderado para o estado nutricional; utilizou-se a correlação de Spearman para estimar a correlação entre as medidas. Resultados: 783 participantes foram incluídos; observou-se alta correlação e alta concordância entre as medidas de altura (r = 0,966; ρ = 0,966), peso (r = 0,934; ρ = 0,928) e IMC (r = 0,903; ρ = 0,910) aferidas e as autorrelatadas via internet; não houve correlação entre as diferenças médias e o intervalo de tempo entre as medidas. Conclusão: utilizar a internet para coletar medidas antropométricas autorrelatadas é um método válido, comparado ao método tradicional.

Abstract The Western Central Valley (WCV) of Costa Rica is an area of interest, due to its high concentration of population and economic activity, presenting itself as a tropical monsoontype atmospheric basin (AB), with well-defined climatic seasons (dry and rainy). The present study proposes the assessment of low carbon steel (CS) atmospheric corrosion, based on ISO 9223 (2012) and associated standards. A general analysis of the atmospheric basin effect was initially performed on these data, followed by the basic modeling of air pollutants and meteorological parameters. The WCV is an area of low contamination, which corresponds to a C2 or C3 category, according to ISO 9223. It mainly shows significant climatic seasons (dry and rainy) effects on the initial corrosion rates, but obtaining similar annual corrosion results for them. The ISO 9223 annual atmospheric corrosion model overestimated the actual obtained corrosion values, whereas linear or logarithmic models gave better results, especially when time and/or time of wetness (TOW) were considered as variables.

Abstract Objective: To know the epidemiological behavior and associations of AF in Mexican population. Material and methods: 8,686 patients from 38 cardiologists participating in REMECAR were analyzed. They were divided by gender and age, the comorbidities studied were obesity, chronic kidney disease (CKD), high blood pressure (HBP), diabetes mellitus (DM), dyslipidemia, stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), hypothyroidism, heart failure (HF) and ischemic heart disease (IHD). Program used: IBM SPSS Statistic. Results: AF was diagnosed in 498 patients (5.7%), with higher prevalence in men (6.1% vs. 5.3%) and older age in women (74.3 ± 12.1 vs. 70.5 + -12.3 years, p<0.0001). In those under 60 years, AF was associated in women with HF, in men with CKD, DM, stroke, hypothyroidism and HF. In women older than 60 years, AF was associated with CKD, dyslipidemia, stroke, chronic COPD and HF, in men with CKD, stroke, COPD, hypothyroidism, HF and IHD. AF in women increase the probability 1.13 for obesity, 1.13 for HBP, 2.8 for CKD, 2.9 for COPD, 4.3 for stroke and 6.5 for HF, in men increase the probability 1.05 for HBP, 1.4 for DM, 2.1 for CKD, 2.4 for COPD, 3.0 for hypothyroidism, 4.7 for stroke and 6.0 for HF. Conclusions: AF is a very common arrhythmia, with a higher prevalence in patients attending the cardiology consultation, in men and with an older age of presentation in women. The older the age, the higher the prevalence of AF and comorbidities, HF is the most frequent condition associated with AF.

Resumen Objetivo: Conocer el comportamiento epidemiológico y asociaciones de la FA en población mexicana. Material y métodos: Analizamos 8,686 pacientes de 38 cardiólogos inscritos en REMECAR, divididos por edad y sexo. Comorbilidades estudiadas: obesidad, ERC, HTA, DM, dislipidemia, EVC, EPOC, hipotiroidismo, IC y CI. Programa: IBM SPSS. Resultados: FA en 498 pacientes (5.7%), mayor prevalencia en hombres (6.1 vs. 5.3%), mayor edad en mujeres (74.3 ± 12.1 vs. 70.5 ± 12.3 años, p < 0.0001). En mujeres menores de 60 años la FA se asoció con IC (p = 0.041), en hombres con ERC (p = 0.43), DM (p = 0.009), EVC (p = 0.001), hipotiroidismo (p = 0.001) e IC (p = 0.001). En mujeres mayores de 60 años se asoció con ERC (p = 0.001), dislipidemia (p = 0.001), EVC (p = 0.001), EPOC (p = 0.001) e IC (p = 0.001), en hombres con ERC (p = 0.002), EVC (p = 0.001), EPOC (p = 0.002), hipotiroidismo (p = 0.002), IC (p = 0.001) y CI (p = 0.033). En mujeres la FA se asoció con 1.13 veces mayor probabilidad de obesidad, 1.13 de HTA, 2.8 de ERC, 2.9 de EPOC, 4.3 de EVC y 6.5 de IC, en hombres la FA se asoció con 1.05 veces mas probabilidad de HTA, 1.4 de DM, 2.1 de ERC, 2.4 de EPOC, 3 de hipotiroidismo, 4.7 de EVC y 6 de IC. Conclusiones: La FA es una arritmia muy frecuente, con mayor prevalencia en pacientes que acuden a consulta de cardiología, en hombres y mayor edad de presentación en las mujeres. A mayor edad, mayor prevalencia de FA y de comorbilidades, la IC es la condición más frecuente con la que se asoció la FA.

Abstrac: Polycrystalline CdTe thin films deposited in large areas present some difficulties, such as non-uniformity over the entire area. It is well known that the ratio between the thickness and grain size of CdTe thin films is approximately one. In contrast, the pin holes in CdTe should be minimized. CdS thin films as window materials must guarantee a uniform transparent film free of pinholes to avoid short-circuit in the photovoltaic device. In this work, CdTe and CdS thin films are reported in areas of 40 cm2 with optimal physical properties for potential application on solar cells. CdTe mini-modules were fabricated using CdTe and CdS layers obtained and characterized under outdoor conditions. The current-voltage measurements were performed under different load and solar irradiance conditions.

ABSTRACT Fasciolosis and paramphistomosis are a major health problem for the livestock economy worldwide. In Colombia, both distomatosis are reported in cattle, particularly in high Andean tropics, with annual economic losses close to COP 40 billion. The goal of this study was to determine the prevalence of fasciolosis and paramphistomosis in cattle from La Candelaria farm, Caucasia (Colombia), and the presence of intermediate host snails. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out with non-probability convenience sampling. Stool samples were collected from the animals and the diagnosis was made using the modified Dennis technique. Digenea prevalence were determined according to sex, weight, age, and race. Freshwater snails were collected in the studied area and were identified by morphology. 400 and 66 fecal samples from 178 bovines of the Zebu (Bos indicus), BON (white-eared white) breeds and the cross between them were analyzed. Fasciola hepatica and Paramphistomidae were diagnosed with a prevalence of 2,2% and 30,9%, respectively. Coinfection was diagnosed in 1,1% of the cattle. Both trematodosis were most frequent in females (p = 0,03). Freshwater molluscs Ampullariidae, Physidae and Planorbidae without digenea larval stages were identified. It was concluded that dual-purpose cattle from La Candelaria farm are exposed to F. hepatica and Paramphistomidae and are probably infected on the farm grounds. Paramphistomidae was more prevalent than F. hepatica, which agrees with other studies in herds from the Colombian high Andean tropics. Paramphistomidae was found in all age groups.

RESUMEN En muchos países la fasciolosis y la paramfistomosis representan un grave problema para la salud del sector pecuario. En Colombia hay registros de ambas distomatosis en bovinos, la mayoría en el trópico alto andino, las cuales generan pérdidas econômicas anuales cercanas a 40 000 000 000 COP. El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar la prevalencia de fasciolosis y paramfistomosis en vacunos de la hacienda La Candelaria, Caucasia (Colombia), y la presencia de caracoles hospederos intermediarios. Para cumplirlo, se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal con muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia. Se recolectaron heces de los animales y se hizo el diagnóstico mediante la técnica modificada de Dennis. Se establecieron las prevalencias de los digeneos de acuerdo con el sexo, peso, edad y raza. Se recolectaron caracoles dulciacuícolas en la zona estudiada y se identificaron por morfologia. Se analizaron 466 muestras fecales de 178 bovinos, de las razas Cebú (Bos indicus), BON (blanco orejinegro) y del cruce entre ellas. Se diagnosticaron F. hepatica y Paramphistomidae con prevalencias del 2,2% y 30,9%, respectivamente. En el 1,1% de los vacunos se diagnosticó coinfección. Ambas trematodosis prevalecieron en las hembras (p = 0,03). Se identificaron moluscos dulciacuícolas Ampullariidae, Physidae y Planorbidae sin estadios larvarios de digeneos. Se concluyó que los bovinos de doble propósito de la hacienda La Candelaria están expuestos a F. hepatica y Paramphistomidae, y, probablemente, se infectan en los predios de la hacienda. Paramphistomidae es más prevalente que F. hepatica, lo cual concuerda con lo descrito en algunos estudios realizados en hatos del trópico alto andino colombiano. Paramphistomidae se encontró en todos los grupos etarios.

Abstract The litterfall that accumulates in the forest soil and its further decomposition play an important roll in the maintenance of productivity in different terrestrial ecosystems since its constitute the main flow of nutrients to the soil. The objective of this study was to evaluate the production of litterfall, its nutrient return thru litterfall deposition and macronutrient use efficiency. The study was conducted in Linares, Crucitas and Los Ramones, state of Nuevo León, México. Average litterfall deposition was 5 800, 5 270 and 6 596 kg ha−1 year−1 for Linares, Crucitas and Los Ramones, respectively. Total nutrient return thru litterfall followed the sequence: Linares > Crucitas > Los Ramones, with value of 135, 122 and 101 kg ha−1 year−1, respectively. Even though the return of P thru litterfall was the lowest, P nutrient use efficiency was higher with respect to Ca, Mg and K. Greatest nutrient use efficiency in terms of Ca and Mg was observed in Los Ramones, K in Crucitas and P in Linares. The results showed that there exist spatial and temporal variation in the production of litterfall, nutrient return and nutrient use efficiency between studied sites. Thus, litterfall deposition, nutrient return and nutrient use efficiency between sites depend on stand composition and richness, edaphic properties, litterfall quality, and plant phenology.

Resumen La hojarasca que se acumula sobre el piso forestal y su posterior descomposición juegan un papel importante en el mantenimiento de la productividad de los diferentes ecosistemas terrestres al constituir el principal flujo de nutrientes al suelo. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la producción de hojarasca y retorno de nutrientes a través de la caída de la hojarasca y la eficiencia en el uso de macro-nutrientes. El estudio se realizó en los sitios de Linares, Crucitas y Los Ramones, en el Estado de Nuevo León, México. El promedio de caída de hojarasca fue de 5 800, 5 270 a 6 596 kg ha−1 año−1 para Linares, Crucitas y Los Ramones, respectivamente. El retorno total de nutrientes siguió la secuencia: Linares > Crucitas > Los Ramones con valores de 135, 122 y 101 kg ha−1 año−1, respectivamente. A pesar de que el retorno de P en la hojarasca fue menor, la eficiencia del uso de este nutriente fue mayor que la presentada por el Ca, Mg ó K. La mayor eficiencia de uso de nutrientes en términos de Ca y Mg se observó en Los Ramones, el K en Crucitas y el P en linares. Existe variación espacial y temporal en la producción de hojarasca, retorno de nutrientes y la eficiencia en su uso entre los sitios evaluados. Por tanto, la caída de hojarasca, retorno de nutrientes y uso eficiente en estos sitios dependen de la riqueza de especies, diferencias edáficas, calidad de la hojarasca y fenología de las diferentes especies.

Abstract Crisis in coronavirus times requires understanding the effects on society and establishing efficient mechanisms to prevent infections. The disinfection of personal protection equipment by UVC light remains a key opportunity area. Therefore, this letter presents the main drawbacks and challenges on the fabrication of deep ultraviolet LEDs based on III-nitrides, such as the substrate selection, dislocation reduction, the increase of external quantum efficiency, enhancement of the radiative recombination in the active region, the complications to reach high Al content in AlGaN-based UVC LED avoiding the reduction of the p-doping, replacing the p-GaN contact layer by p-AlGaN without hindering the deposition of ohmic contacts. Furthermore, the cubic phase is suggested as a promising candidate for AlGaN UVC-LEDs applications as is discussed in this work.

Poor nutritional conditions persist in many Mayan communities in Yucatán, Mexico, even though various programs have been implemented. The study aimed to compare the effects of a community-based nutritional intervention with an intercultural focus versus a conventional nutritional intervention on body mass index (BMI) and diet in women in Mayan communities in Yucatán. The sample included adult women with BMI ≥ 25kg/m2 from neighboring rural Mayan villages. Both interventions lasted three months with 11 sessions and followed the prevailing guidelines. The community-based intervention used an intercultural tool called Good Mayan Food [Plato del Bien Comer Maya], besides strategies designed according to information obtained from a prior qualitative study phase using interviews. The group that received the community-based intervention (n = 7), compared to the conventional intervention group (n = 9), showed larger decreases in BMI (-0.58 ± 0.70 kg/m2 and +0.27 ± 0.64kg/m2; p = 0.042), waist circumference (-2.15 ± 2.60 cm and -0.50 ± 0.75 cm; p = 0.042), and consumption of fats (-53.23 ± 21.92 grams and -7.34 ± 25.77 grams; p = 0.004), as well as higher increases in weekly consumption of some local foods such as nance fruit (p = 0.012), tamarind (p = 0.001), and chili peppers (p = 0.004). The community-based intervention was the only one to show a significant decrease in daily calorie intake (baseline: 2,067 ± 91 kcal/day, at three months: 1,474 ± 31 kcal/day; p = 0.018), and both groups showed decreases in the consumption of ultra-processed foods, but without significant differences between the two groups. The community-based intervention group showed better results than the conventional intervention group.

Las malas condiciones nutricionales en muchas localidades mayas de Yucatán, México, persisten, a pesar de que se han implementado diversos programas. El objetivo fue comparar los efectos de una intervención nutricional basada en la comunidad con enfoque intercultural (INBC) y una intervención nutricional convencional (INC), sobre el índice de masa corporal (IMC) y la dieta en mujeres de localidades mayas de Yucatán. Fueron incluidas mujeres adultas con IMC ≥ 25kg/m2 de dos pequeñas localidades rurales mayas vecinas. Ambas intervenciones fueron de tres meses y con 11 sesiones, siguiendo la normatividad vigente; en la INBC fue utilizada la herramienta intercultural, denominada Plato del Bien Comer Maya, además se incluyeron en la INBC estrategias diseñadas con base en información obtenida en una fase previa de estudio cualitativo con entrevistas. El grupo con la INBC (n = 7), en comparación con el grupo con la INC (n = 9), tuvo una mayor disminución de IMC (-0,58 ± 0,70 kg/m2 y +0,27 ± 0,64 kg/m2; p = 0,042), de la circunferencia de cintura (-2,15 ± 2,60 cm y -0,50 ± 0,75 cm; p = 0,042) y del consumo de grasas (-53,23 ± 21,92 gramos y -7,34 ± 25,77 gramos; p = 0,004), así como mayor incremento en las frecuencias semanales de consumo de algunos alimentos locales como nance (p = 0,012), tamarindo (p = 0,001) y chile (p = 0,004), la INBC fue la única que presentó una disminución significativa en el consumo diario de calorías (basal: 2.067 ± 91 kcal/día, a los tres meses: 1.474 ± 31 kcal/día; p = 0,018), hubo en ambos grupos disminuciones en el consumo de alimentos ultraprocesados, pero sin diferencias comparando los grupos; el grupo con la INBC obtuvo mejores resultados que el grupo con la INC.

As más condições nutricionais em muitas localidades maias de Yucatán (México) persistem apesar da implementação de diversos programas. O objetivo era comparar os impactos de uma intervenção nutricional baseada na comunidade com enfoque intercultural (INBC) e uma intervenção nutricional convencional (INC), sobre o índice de massa corporal (IMC) e a dieta de mulheres de localidades maias de Yucatán. Foram incluídas mulheres adultas com IMC ≥ 25kg/m2 de duas pequenas localidades rurais maias vizinhas. Ambas as intervenções duraram três meses e contaram com 11 sessões, conforme as normas vigentes; na INBC, foi utilizada a ferramenta intercultural denominada Prato de Comer Bem Maia [Plato del Bien Comer Maya], além de estratégias adicionais idealizadas com base em dados obtidos em uma fase prévia de estudo qualitativo com entrevistas. Em comparação com o grupo com a INC (n = 9), o grupo com a INBC (n = 7) teve maior diminuição de IMC (-0,58 ± 0,70 kg/m2 e +0,27 ± 0,64 kg/m2; p = 0,042), da circunferência abdominal (-2,15 ± 2,60 cm y -0,50 ± 0,75 cm; p = 0,042) e do consumo de gorduras (-53,23 ± 21,92 gramas y -7,34 ± 25,77 gramas; p = 0,004), bem como um aumento maior das frequências semanais de consumo de alguns alimentos locais como o murici (p = 0,012), o tamarindo (p = 0,001) e pimenta (p = 0,004). A INBC foi a única a apresentar uma diminuição significativa do consumo diário de calorias (inicial: 2.067 ± 91 kcal/dia, após três meses: 1.474 ± 31 kcal/dia; p = 0.018). Houve em ambos os grupos redução equivalente do consumo de alimentos ultraprocessados; o grupo com a INBC obteve melhores resultados que o grupo com a INC.

As más condições nutricionais em muitas localidades maias de Yucatán (México) persistem apesar da implementação de diversos programas. O objetivo era comparar os impactos de uma intervenção nutricional baseada na comunidade com enfoque intercultural (INBC) e uma intervenção nutricional convencional (INC), sobre o índice de massa corporal (IMC) e a dieta de mulheres de localidades maias de Yucatán. Foram incluídas mulheres adultas com IMC ≥ 25kg/m2 de duas pequenas localidades rurais maias vizinhas. Ambas as intervenções duraram três meses e contaram com 11 sessões, conforme as normas vigentes; na INBC, foi utilizada a ferramenta intercultural denominada Prato de Comer Bem Maia [Plato del Bien Comer Maya], além de estratégias adicionais idealizadas com base em dados obtidos em uma fase prévia de estudo qualitativo com entrevistas. Em comparação com o grupo com a INC (n = 9), o grupo com a INBC (n = 7) teve maior diminuição de IMC (-0,58 ± 0,70 kg/m2 e +0,27 ± 0,64 kg/m2; p = 0,042), da circunferência abdominal (-2,15 ± 2,60 cm y -0,50 ± 0,75 cm; p = 0,042) e do consumo de gorduras (-53,23 ± 21,92 gramas y -7,34 ± 25,77 gramas; p = 0,004), bem como um aumento maior das frequências semanais de consumo de alguns alimentos locais como o murici (p = 0,012), o tamarindo (p = 0,001) e pimenta (p = 0,004). A INBC foi a única a apresentar uma diminuição significativa do consumo diário de calorias (inicial: 2.067 ± 91 kcal/dia, após três meses: 1.474 ± 31 kcal/dia; p = 0.018). Houve em ambos os grupos redução equivalente do consumo de alimentos ultraprocessados; o grupo com a INBC obteve melhores resultados que o grupo com a INC.

Poor nutritional conditions persist in many Mayan communities in Yucatán, Mexico, even though various programs have been implemented. The study aimed to compare the effects of a community-based nutritional intervention with an intercultural focus versus a conventional nutritional intervention on body mass index (BMI) and diet in women in Mayan communities in Yucatán. The sample included adult women with BMI ≥ 25kg/m2 from neighboring rural Mayan villages. Both interventions lasted three months with 11 sessions and followed the prevailing guidelines. The community-based intervention used an intercultural tool called Good Mayan Food [Plato del Bien Comer Maya], besides strategies designed according to information obtained from a prior qualitative study phase using interviews. The group that received the community-based intervention (n = 7), compared to the conventional intervention group (n = 9), showed larger decreases in BMI (-0.58 ± 0.70 kg/m2 and +0.27 ± 0.64kg/m2; p = 0.042), waist circumference (-2.15 ± 2.60 cm and -0.50 ± 0.75 cm; p = 0.042), and consumption of fats (-53.23 ± 21.92 grams and -7.34 ± 25.77 grams; p = 0.004), as well as higher increases in weekly consumption of some local foods such as nance fruit (p = 0.012), tamarind (p = 0.001), and chili peppers (p = 0.004). The community-based intervention was the only one to show a significant decrease in daily calorie intake (baseline: 2,067 ± 91 kcal/day, at three months: 1,474 ± 31 kcal/day; p = 0.018), and both groups showed decreases in the consumption of ultra-processed foods, but without significant differences between the two groups. The community-based intervention group showed better results than the conventional intervention group.

Las malas condiciones nutricionales en muchas localidades mayas de Yucatán, México, persisten, a pesar de que se han implementado diversos programas. El objetivo fue comparar los efectos de una intervención nutricional basada en la comunidad con enfoque intercultural (INBC) y una intervención nutricional convencional (INC), sobre el índice de masa corporal (IMC) y la dieta en mujeres de localidades mayas de Yucatán. Fueron incluidas mujeres adultas con IMC ≥ 25kg/m2 de dos pequeñas localidades rurales mayas vecinas. Ambas intervenciones fueron de tres meses y con 11 sesiones, siguiendo la normatividad vigente; en la INBC fue utilizada la herramienta intercultural, denominada Plato del Bien Comer Maya, además se incluyeron en la INBC estrategias diseñadas con base en información obtenida en una fase previa de estudio cualitativo con entrevistas. El grupo con la INBC (n = 7), en comparación con el grupo con la INC (n = 9), tuvo una mayor disminución de IMC (-0,58 ± 0,70 kg/m2 y +0,27 ± 0,64 kg/m2; p = 0,042), de la circunferencia de cintura (-2,15 ± 2,60 cm y -0,50 ± 0,75 cm; p = 0,042) y del consumo de grasas (-53,23 ± 21,92 gramos y -7,34 ± 25,77 gramos; p = 0,004), así como mayor incremento en las frecuencias semanales de consumo de algunos alimentos locales como nance (p = 0,012), tamarindo (p = 0,001) y chile (p = 0,004), la INBC fue la única que presentó una disminución significativa en el consumo diario de calorías (basal: 2.067 ± 91 kcal/día, a los tres meses: 1.474 ± 31 kcal/día; p = 0,018), hubo en ambos grupos disminuciones en el consumo de alimentos ultraprocesados, pero sin diferencias comparando los grupos; el grupo con la INBC obtuvo mejores resultados que el grupo con la INC.

Resumen Introducción: Una complicación común del pull-put tradicional es la necrosis del sitio del botón en la yema del dedo. Zhang describió una forma alternativa de anclar el cerclaje al clavo de Kirschner para aliviar la presión en la yema del dedo. Describe el uso de cerclaje de alambre para la reducción de fracturas. El objetivo de este trabajo es realizar una comparación entre el alambre y el nailon utilizando la técnica de extracción de Zhang. Material y métodos: Realizamos un estudio de cohorte comparando la técnica de nailon versus alambre en Zhang. Comparación de satisfacción cosmética, rigidez, dolor residual y escala de Crawford. Resultados: Al comparar los resultados entre ambos grupos, no encontramos diferencias estadísticas en la satisfacción cosmética (p = 0.285), rigidez (p = 0.460) y dolor residual (p = 1.000), complicaciones generales (p = 1.000) o escala de Crawford (p = 1.000). Solo encontramos una diferencia estadística significativa en el dolor al retirar el cerclaje, siendo mayor en el Grupo B (p = 0.008). Conclusiones: No encontramos diferencias significativas en los resultados entre el cerclaje de nailon y el cerclaje con alambre. Pero, al momento de retirarlo, los pacientes experimentan menos dolor. Tipo de estudio: terapéutico Nivel de evidencia III.

Abstract Introduction: Zone I extensor tendon lesion accompanies an avulsion fracture of the bone insertion. A common complication of traditional pull-out is the necrosis of the site of the button in the finger pad. Zhang described an alternative way of anchoring the cerclage to the Kirschner Wire (K-wire) to relieve the pressure in the finger pad. He describes the use of wire cerclage, for fracture reduction. The objective of this paper is to perform a comparison between wire and nylon using Zhang pull-out technique. Material and methods: We performed a cohort study comparing Nylon versus Wire in Zhang technique. Comparing cosmetic satisfaction, stiffness, residual pain, and Crawford scale. Results: When comparing the outcomes between both groups, we found no statistical difference in cosmetic satisfaction (p = 0.285), stiffness (p = 0.460), and residual pain (p =1.000), overall complications (p = 1.000), or Crawford scale (p = 1.000). We only found a significant statistical difference in pain when removing the cerclage, being greater in Group B (p = 0.008). Conclusions: We found no significant outcome difference between nylon and wire cerclage. However, at the time of removing it, patients experience less pain.