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Impact of topical airway anesthesia on immediate postoperative cough/bucking: a systematic review and meta-analysis
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Sakae, Thiago Mamoru

; Souza, Renato Lucas Passos de

; Brandão, Julio Cezar Mendes

Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology

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jan 2023, Volume 73 N. 1 Pages 91 - 100

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Background Postoperative cough may occur after tracheal intubation, but it is indistinct which drug is best at diminishing these events. Additionally, airway reflexes are commonly accompanied by severe hemodynamics responses during emergence. Objectives To evaluate the role of topical airway anesthesia on immediate post-extubation cough/bucking and extubation time. Methods Randomized clinical trials from MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, and LILACS published until December 23, 2020 were included. Our primary outcome was postoperative cough/bucking incidence which was compared between local anesthetics and controls. Extubation times were likewise considered. Predisposition appraisal and subgroup, affectability investigations were likewise performed. Results The pooled analysis found a 45% reduction in cough incidence after treatment with topical airway local anesthetic (RR = 0.55; 95% CI: 0.42 to 0.72; p< 0.001). The number needed to treat (NNT) was 4.61. The intervention showed no differences in reduction of the extubation time (mean difference = -0.07; 95% CI: -0.14 to 0.28; p= 0.49). Conclusion Topical airway anesthesia demonstrated better than placebo or no medication in reducing immediate post-extubation cough/bucking. Further studies could have this objective to combine the different ways to perform better outcomes for patients.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjane.2021.03.016

Lomustine for treatment of canine transmissible venereal tumor
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Costa, Thiago Souza

; Paiva, Felipe Noleto de

; Manier, Bruna Sampaio Martins Land

; Conceição, Cecília Lopes da

; Reis, Andressa Aparecida de Lima

; Fernandes, Julio Israel

Ciência Rural

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2023, Volume 53 N. 8 elocation e20220120

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: O tumor venéreo transmissível canino (TVTC) é uma neoplasia transmissível de elevada casuística no Brasil. A quimioterapia com sulfato de vincristina é considerada o tratamento de escolha, mas a necessidade de aplicações semanais e acompanhamento hematológico, além dos custos, são obstáculos à adesão dos proprietários ao tratamento. A lomustina é um antineoplásico da classe dos agentes alquilantes e, por ser administrado por via oral, representa um opção de tratamento mais prática e menos onerosa para os proprietários de animais com neoplasias. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a eficácia terapêutica da lomustina em cães acometidos por TVTC. Foram selecionados 12 cães com diagnóstico citopatológico de TVTC genital de ocorrência natural. Os cães foram submetidos ao protocolo experimental com administração de lomustina nas doses de 70 a 85 mg/m2 por via oral a cada 21 dias, totalizando no máximo dois ciclos de administração. Os animais foram reavaliados a cada sete dias até um máximo de +49 dias após a primeira dose de lomustina, para monitorar a regressão das lesões neoplásicas por meio de mensuração das lesões. Entre os 12 cães submetidos ao protocolo, 8/12 obtiveram remissão completa da neoplasia e foram considerados curados (66,6%), 1/12 tiveram resposta parcial ao tratamento (8,33%) e 3/12 tiveram doença estável (25%). Efeitos adversos importantes, como leucopenia neutrofílica grave, foram detectados em 3/12 cães (25%). O estudo clínico indicou que a lomustina pode ser uma opção de tratamento para TVTC.

ABSTRACT: Canine transmissible venereal tumor (TVTC) is a highly casuistic transmissible neoplasm in Brazil. Chemotherapy with vincristine sulfate is considered the treatment of choice, but the need for weekly applications and hematological monitoring, in addition to costs, are obstacles to owners’ adhesion to the treatment. Lomustine is an alkylating class antineoplastic agent, and because it is administered orally, it is a more practical and less costly treatment option for the owners of animals with neoplasms sensitive to the drug. This study evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of lomustine in dogs affected by TVTC. Twelve dogs with cytopathological diagnosis of natural genital TVTC were selected. The dogs were submitted to the experimental protocol with lomustine administration at doses of 70 to 85 mg/m2 orally every 21 days, totaling a maximum of two administration cycles. The animals were reevaluated every 7 days until a maximum of +49 days after the first dose of lomustine, to monitor the regression of neoplastic lesions through measurements. Among the 12 dogs submitted to the lomustine protocol, 8/12 achieved complete remission of the neoplasm and were considered cured (66.6%), 1/12 had partial response to treatment (8.33%) and 3/12 had stable disease (25%). Important adverse effects such as severe neutrophilic leukopenia were detected in 3/12 dogs (25%). The clinical study indicated that lomustine may be a treatment option for TVTC.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20220120

Epidemiological, clinical, and therapeutic aspects of canine transmissible venereal tumor in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (2015-2020)
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Costa, Thiago S.

; Paiva, Felipe N.

; Manier, Bruna S.M.L.

; Araújo, Dayane C.

; Ribeiro, Gabriel B.

; Fernandes, Julio I.

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira

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2023, Volume 43 elocation e07189

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT: Canine transmissible venereal tumors (TVT) have a high incidence in Brazil. This is partly due to the large population of stray dogs and the ineffectiveness of epidemiological control programs. This study aimed to describe the epidemiological data, clinical manifestations, and treatments used in dogs affected by TVT. Data were retrospectively collected from the 2015-2020 records of the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro. A total of 252 dogs were diagnosed with TVT during the study period. Of these, 81.3% were mixed-breed, 50.4% were males, and 88.9% were young or adult animals. The genital region only was affected in 77.3% of cases. Exclusively extragenital lesions were observed in 22.6% of cases. Among the animals seen, 40.1% received no treatment. Of those treated, 99.3% underwent a vincristine sulfate protocol, and in 77.2%, the treatment resulted in total remission of the neoplasm after 4 to 6 chemotherapy sessions. It was concluded that TVT is a neoplasm most often seen in mixed-breed dogs and located in the genital region, with hemorrhagic secretion being the main clinical sign reported by owners. Vincristine sulfate is currently the most used therapy, with high efficacy. However, despite the good prognosis, there was a high rate of non-adherence or abandonment of treatment, and this is an important factor to be considered and addressed by veterinarians.

RESUMO: O tumor venéreo transmissível (TVT) apresenta elevada incidência no Brasil, relacionada a elevada população de caninos errantes e a ineficácia dos programas de controle epidemiológicos. O objetivo do estudo foi descrever dados epidemiológicos, manifestação clínica e o tratamento empregado em cães acometidos pelo TVT no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro entre os anos de 2015 e 2020. Foram diagnosticados 252 cães com TVT durante o período do estudo, sendo 81,3% cães sem raça definida, 50,4% machos e 49,6% fêmeas, e com 88,9% animais jovens ou adultos. A região genital foi acometida em 77,3% dos casos. Lesões exclusivamente extragenitais foram observadas em 22,6% dos casos. Quanto ao tratamento, 40,1% dos cães não receberam tratamento. Entre os animais tratados, 99,3% utilizaram protocolo com sulfato de vincristina e em 77,2% o tratamento resultou em remissão total da neoplasia, com a realização de 4 a 6 sessões do quimioterápico. Conclui-se que o TVT é uma neoplasia frequentemente relacionada a cães sem raça definida, localizados na região genital, com secreção hemorrágica sendo o principal sinal clínico reportado pelos proprietários. O sulfato de vincristina é a terapia mais empregada, com alta eficácia. Entretanto, apesar de ser uma neoplasia com bom prognóstico, o alto índice de não adesão ou abandono ao tratamento representa um importante fator a ser considerado e trabalhado pelos médicos veterinários.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-7189

Guidelines on vascular access for hemodialysis from the Brazilian Society of Angiology and Vascular Surgery
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Harduin, Leonardo de Oliveira

; Barroso, Thiago Almeida

; Guerra, Julia Bandeira

; Filippo, Marcio Gomes

; Almeida, Leonardo Cortizo de

; Castro-Santos, Guilherme de

; Oliveira, Fabio Augusto Cypreste

; Cavalcanti, Douglas Eduardo Tavares

; Procopio, Ricardo Jayme

; Lima, Eduardo Cavalcanti

; Pinhati, Matheus Eduardo Soares

; Reis, Jose Maciel Caldas dos

; Moreira, Barbara D’Agnoluzzo

; Galhardo, Adriano Martins

; Joviliano, Edwaldo Edner

; Araujo, Walter Junior Boim de

; Oliveira, Julio Cesar Peclat de

Jornal Vascular Brasileiro

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2023, Volume 22 elocation e20230052

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo A doença renal crônica é um problema de saúde pública global e em seu estágio terminal está associada à necessidade de terapia dialítica. A grande maioria dos pacientes que necessitam realizar a terapia renal substitutiva, a fazem através da hemodiálise. Portanto, o acesso vascular é de extrema importância para a população dialítica, implicando diretamente na qualidade de vida e na morbimortalidade deste grupo de pacientes. Sendo a confecção, gerenciamento e resgate dos acessos vasculares uma das áreas de atuação do cirurgião vascular, é de grande importância a elaboração de uma diretriz que oriente o especialista no manejo mais adequado do acesso vascular para hemodiálise. Assim, o objetivo desta diretriz é apresentar um conjunto de recomendações para guiar as decisões na referenciação, avaliação, escolha, vigilância e gestão das complicações do acesso vascular para hemodiálise. dialítica substitutiva hemodiálise Portanto confecção Assim referenciação avaliação escolha

Abstract Chronic kidney disease is a worldwide public health problem, and end-stage renal disease requires dialysis. Most patients requiring renal replacement therapy have to undergo hemodialysis. Therefore, vascular access is extremely important for the dialysis population, directly affecting the quality of life and the morbidity and mortality of this patient population. Since making, managing and salvaging of vascular accesses falls within the purview of the vascular surgeon, developing guideline to help specialists better manage vascular accesses for hemodialysis if of great importance. Thus, the objective of this guideline is to present a set of recommendations to guide decisions involved in the referral, evaluation, choice, surveillance and management of complications of vascular accesses for hemodialysis. problem endstage end stage Therefore population making surgeon importance Thus referral evaluation choice

https://doi.org/10.1590/1677-5449.202300522

Ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane block for open inguinal hernia repair: a randomized controlled trial
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Sakae, Thiago Mamôru

; Mattiazzi, Anna Paula Facco

; Fiorentin, Joana Zulian

; Brandão, Julio

; Benedetti, Roberto Henrique

; Takaschima, Augusto Key Karazawa

Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology

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feb 2022, Volume 72 N. 1 Pages 49 - 54

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Background and objectives: Inguinal hernia repair is associated with significant postoperative pain. We assessed the analgesia efficacy of unilateral Erector Spinae Plane block (ESP) performed under ultrasound guidance in patients submitted to open unilateral inguinal hernia repair, comparing ESP to spinal anesthesia administered with or without opioid. Methods: Forty-five patients with ages ranging from 27 to 83 years were randomly allocated into three groups: control group receiving spinal anesthesia (n = 14), ESP group receiving ESP block combined with spinal anesthesia (n = 16), and spinal morphine group receiving spinal anesthesia with morphine 1 mcg.kg-1 as adjuvant drug (n = 15). ESP was performed at the T8 level using 0.5% ropivacaine, 20 mL. We assessed the pain intensity in the initial 24 hours after surgery using the Visual Analogue Scale - VAS and rescue opioid requirement. Results: The ESP group showed four times higher consumption of rescue opioids than the spinal morphine group, or 26.7% vs. 6.2%, respectively (RR = 4.01; 95% CI: 0.82 to 19.42; p = 0.048). The spinal morphine group showed higher incidence of adverse effects than the ESP group, 37.5% vs. 6.7%, respectively (p = 0.039). There were no statistically significant differences among groups for the mean values of VAS score at 24 hours after surgery (p = 0.304). Conclusion: At the doses used in this study, the ESP block was an ineffective technique for providing postoperative analgesia in unilateral open inguinal hernioplasty and was associated with higher consumption of rescue opioids when compared to spinal anesthesia with or without opioid.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjane.2021.04.032

INFLUENCE OF THE TIMBER ELASTIC MODULUS ON THE GEOMETRIC NONLINEAR STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF TRUSS ARCHES
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Silva, Thiago Damasceno

; Christoforo, André Luis

; Panzera, Tulio Hallak

; Molina, Julio Cesar

; Lahr, Francisco Antonio Rocco

Revista Árvore

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2022, Volume 46 elocation e4608

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Neste trabalho avaliou-se numericamente a influência do módulo de elasticidade paralelo às fibras da madeira na estabilidade de arcos treliçados, considerando uma análise não linear geométrica baseada no Método dos Elementos Finitos (MEF). Essa abordagem foi realizada conforme uma formulação posicional do MEF, atribuindo-se os nós da estrutura como variáveis principais do sistema de equações não lineares, cuja resolução foi alcançada pelo método de Newton-Raphson. Ao todo, sete modelos de arco foram avaliados adotando-se madeiras coníferas e folhosas, com propriedades definidas segundo as classes de resistência da norma brasileira ABNT NBR 7190. Subrotinas foram desenvolvidas em linguagem MATLAB para resolução do sistema de equações não lineares e processamento da análise, incluindo a representação gráfica dos resultados e configurações do arco treliçado. Valores de esforços internos e deslocamentos foram determinados, assim como as forças de instabilidade dos arcos treliçados. Verificou-se que a força de instabilidade do arco constituído pela madeira folhosa mais rígida (D60) foi aproximadamente igual a 700% da força de instabilidade referente à classe conífera C20, e equivalente a 257,8% da força associada à classe folhosa D20. Concluiu-se que o módulo de elasticidade apresentou influência significativa no comportamento não linear geométrico do arco treliçado de madeira. Além disso, a análise não linear geométrica possibilitou o cálculo de parâmetros mais precisos e a verificação da estabilidade do sistema estrutural.

ABSTRACT In this work, it was numerically evaluated the influence of the modulus of elasticity parallel to the wood grain on the stability of trussed arches considering a nonlinear geometric analysis based on the Finite Element Method (FEM). This approach was carried out according to a positional formulation of the FEM, considering the structural nodes as main variables of the nonlinear equations system, whose resolution was obtained using the Newton-Raphson method. Altogether, seven arch models were evaluated, consisting of coniferous and hardwoods, with properties defined according to the strength classes of the Brazilian standard ABNT NBR 7190. The subroutines were written in MATLAB to solve the system of nonlinear equations and perform the analysis, including the graphical representation of the results and configurations of the trussed arch. Internal loads and displacements were obtained, in addition to the instability loads of the trussed arches. It was found that the instability load of the arch made with the stiffest hardwood (D60) was approximately equal to 700% of the instability load of the C20 coniferous class and equivalent to 257.8% of the D20 hardwood class-related load. It was verified that the modulus of elasticity significantly influences the nonlinear geometric behavior of the timber trussed arch. Furthermore, the nonlinear geometric analysis allowed calculating more accurate parameters and the verification of the stability of the structural system.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-908820220000008

Canine transmissible venereal tumor with spontaneous remission: case study with emphasis on clinical and cytopathological exams to monitor tumor evolution
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Costa, Thiago Souza

; Paiva, Felipe Noleto de

; Manier, Bruna Sampaio Martins Land

; Barreto, Monica Yamile Padilla

; Fernandes, Julio Israel

Ciência Animal Brasileira

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2022, Volume 23 elocation e-72748E

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo O tumor venéreo transmissível canino (TVTC) é uma neoplasia transmitida principalmente através da cópula, com elevada incidência em cães errantes no Brasil. No processo de evolução tumoral do TVTC, são reconhecidas as fases de progressão, estacionária e de regressão. O estado imunológico do hospedeiro está relacionado ao comportamento biológico da doença, contudo, a observação de regressão espontânea em casos de TVTC de ocorrência natural é incomum. Foi atendida uma paciente canina, resgatada da rua, por apresentar massa ulcerada na genitália externa e infestação por carrapatos. Foram realizados exame citopatológico, que diagnosticou TVTC, e exames laboratoriais que evidenciaram anemia discreta e grave trombocitopenia. Com isso e diante da impossibilidade de realizar outros exames, foi também estabelecido o diagnóstico presuntivo de erlichiose monocítica canina (EMC) e instituído tratamento para a hemoparasitose. Durante o acompanhamento, foi observada rápida melhora dos sinais clínicos e das alterações laboratoriais, bem como a redução espontânea da massa tumoral. Em sequência, foi realizada nova avaliação citopatológica do TVTC e verificado o aumento quantitativo de linfócitos maduros e plasmócitos, em meio as células tumorais, achado compatível com a fase estacionária da doença. A partir desse momento, optou-se por realizar apenas acompanhamento clínico e avaliação citopatológica da neoplasia. Foram observados contínua remissão clínica e achados microscópicos compatíveis com a fase de regressão do tumor, até sua remissão completa. Pondera-se que a melhora na saúde geral da paciente após o tratamento da EMC esteja relacionada à regressão espontânea do TVTC, e que realização simultânea de exames clínico e citopatológico seriados pode ser viável e útil ao acompanhamento das fases de evolução do TVTC.

Abstract The canine transmissible venereal tumor (TVTC) is a neoplasm transmitted mainly through copulation and with a high incidence in stray dogs in Brazil. In the process of tumor evolution of TVTC, the progression, stationary and regression phases are recognized. The host immunity is related to the disease’s biological behavior, however, spontaneous regression observation in cases of naturally occurring TVTC is uncommon. A canine patient was attended, after beeing rescued from the street, due to an ulcerated mass in the external genitália and tick infestation. Cytopathological examination, which diagnosed TVTC, and laboratory tests that showed mild anemia and severe thrombocytopenia were performed. In view of the impossibility of carrying out other exams, it was made the presumptive diagnosis of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (CME), and treatment was instituted. During follow-up it was observed quick improvement in clinical signs and laboratory changes, as well as a reduction in tumor mass. A new cytopathological evaluation was carried out, and was verified increase in mature lymphocytes and plasmocytes in the midst of the tumor cells, finding compatible with the stationary phase of the disease. From that moment on, it was decided to perform only clinical and cytopathological follow-up. In the following evaluations, continuous clinical remission and cytopathological findings compatible with those described in the regression phase were observed, until its complete remission. It is considered that the improvement in the general health of the patient after the treatment of CME is related to the spontaneous regression of TVTC, and that simultaneous performance of serial clinical and cytopathological exams may be feasible and useful for monitoring the stages of evolution of TVTC.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-6891v23e-72748e

Are Altruists Environmentally Responsible and Materialists Environmentally Irresponsible? An Analysis on the Moderation of Social Desirability and Mediation of Environmental Awareness
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Costa, Thiago

; Ramos, Heidy

; Vils, Leonardo

; Cunha, Julio

BBR. Brazilian Business Review

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oct 2021, Volume 18 N. 5 Pages 585 - 604

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Neste estudo, investigamos se o altruísmo e o materialismo podem explicar atitudes relacionadas ao menor impacto sobre o meio ambiente. O objetivo principal foi investigar o papel da consciência ambiental como uma variável mediadora entre o altruísmo e a responsabilidade ambiental, também se indivíduos materialistas podem manifestar responsabilidade ambiental por meio da desejabilidade social. Utilizando o modelo de equações estruturais, analisamos os dados de uma survey conduzida com 339 indivíduos. Os resultados apontaram que o altruísmo não tem relação direta com a irresponsabilidade ambiental, mas sim uma relação indireta com a responsabilidade ambiental, mediada pela consciência ambiental. Além de uma relação direta entre o materialismo e a irresponsabilidade ambiental, não encontramos relação direta com a responsabilidade ambiental, nem mesmo com a moderação da desejabilidade social. Este estudo mostra valores e atitudes que colaboram com comportamentos pró-ambientais, demonstrando a importância da consciência ambiental para que os indivíduos se engajem em ações favoráveis ao consumo sustentável.

ABSTRACT We investigated if altruism and materialism can explain attitudes related to the lower impact on the environment. This study aims to investigate the role of environmental awareness as a mediating variable between altruism and environmental responsibility, and if materialistic individuals can manifest environmental responsibility through social desirability. Also, we investigated the relations of altruism and materialism with environmental irresponsibility. Using the structural equations model, we analyzed the data from a survey with 339 individuals. The results conclude that altruism does not have a direct relationship with environmental irresponsibility, but has a relationship with environmental responsibility, not direct, but mediated by environmental awareness. Besides a direct relationship between materialism and environmental irresponsibility, we did not find a direct relationship with environmental responsibility, not even with the moderation of social desirability. This study shows values and attitudes that collaborate with pro-environmental behaviors, demonstrating the importance of environmental awareness for individuals to engage in actions favorable to sustainable consumption.

https://doi.org/10.15728/bbr.2021.18.5.6 54 downloads

The Program for Biodiversity Research in Brazil: The role of regional networks for biodiversity knowledge, dissemination, and conservation
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ROSA, CLARISSA

; BACCARO, FABRICIO

; CRONEMBERGER, CECILIA

; HIPÓLITO, JULIANA

; BARROS, CLAUDIA FRANCA

; RODRIGUES, DOMINGOS DE JESUS

; NECKEL-OLIVEIRA, SELVINO

; OVERBECK, GERHARD E.

; DRECHSLER-SANTOS, ELISANDRO RICARDO

; ANJOS, MARCELO RODRIGUES DOS

; FERREGUETTI, ÁTILLA C.

; AKAMA, ALBERTO

; MARTINS, MARLÚCIA BONIFÁCIO

; TOMAS, WALFRIDO MORAES

; SANTOS, SANDRA APARECIDA

; FERREIRA, VANDA LÚCIA

; CUNHA, CATIA NUNES DA

; PENHA, JERRY

; PINHO, JOÃO BATISTA DE

; SALIS, SUZANA MARIA

; DORIA, CAROLINA RODRIGUES DA COSTA

; PILLAR, VALÉRIO D.

; PODGAISKI, LUCIANA R.

; MENIN, MARCELO

; BÍGIO, NARCÍSIO COSTA

; ARAGÓN, SUSAN

; MANZATTO, ANGELO GILBERTO

; VÉLEZ-MARTIN, EDUARDO

; SILVA, ANA CAROLINA BORGES LINS E

; IZZO, THIAGO JUNQUEIRA

; MORTATI, AMANDA FREDERICO

; GIACOMIN, LEANDRO LACERDA

; ALMEIDA, THAÍS ELIAS

; ANDRÉ, THIAGO

; SILVEIRA, MARIA AUREA PINHEIRO DE ALMEIDA

; SILVEIRA, ANTÔNIO LAFFAYETE PIRES DA

; MESSIAS, MARILUCE REZENDE

; MARQUES, MARCIA C.M.

; PADIAL, ANDRE ANDRIAN

; MARQUES, RENATO

; BITAR, YOUSZEF O.C.

; SILVEIRA, MARCOS

; MORATO, ELDER FERREIRA

; PAGOTTO, RUBIANI DE CÁSSIA

; STRUSSMANN, CHRISTINE

; MACHADO, RICARDO BOMFIM

; AGUIAR, LUDMILLA MOURA DE SOUZA

; FERNANDES, GERALDO WILSON

; OKI, YUMI

; NOVAIS, SAMUEL

; FERREIRA, GUILHERME BRAGA

; BARBOSA, FLÁVIA RODRIGUES

; OCHOA, ANA C.

; MANGIONE, ANTONIO M.

; GATICA, AILIN

; CARRIZO, MARÍA CELINA

; RETTA, LUCÍA MARTINEZ

; JOFRÉ, LAURA E.

; CASTILLO, LUCIANA L.

; NEME, ANDREA M.

; RUEDA, CARLA

; TOLEDO, JOSÉ JULIO DE

; GRELLE, CARLOS EDUARDO VIVEIROS

; VALE, MARIANA M.

; VIEIRA, MARCUS VINICIUS

; CERQUEIRA, RUI

; HIGASHIKAWA, EMÍLIO MANABU

; MENDONÇA, FERNANDO PEREIRA DE

; GUERREIRO, QUÊZIA LEANDRO DE MOURA

; BANHOS, AUREO

; HERO, JEAN-MARC

; KOBLITZ, RODRIGO

; COLLEVATTI, ROSANE GARCIA

; SILVEIRA, LUÍS FÁBIO

; VASCONCELOS, HERALDO L.

; VIEIRA, CECÍLIA RODRIGUES

; COLLI, GUARINO RINALDI

; CECHIN, SONIA ZANINI

; SANTOS, TIAGO GOMES DOS

; FONTANA, CARLA S.

; JARENKOW, JOÃO A.

; MALABARBA, LUIZ R.

; RUEDA, MARTA P.

; ARAUJO, PUBLIO A.

; PALOMO, LUCAS

; ITURRE, MARTA C.

; BERGALLO, HELENA GODOY

; MAGNUSSON, WILLIAM E.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2021, Volume 93 N. 2 elocation e20201604

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract The Program for Biodiversity Research (PPBio) is an innovative program designed to integrate all biodiversity research stakeholders. Operating since 2004, it has installed long-term ecological research sites throughout Brazil and its logic has been applied in some other southern-hemisphere countries. The program supports all aspects of research necessary to understand biodiversity and the processes that affect it. There are presently 161 sampling sites (see some of them at Supplementary Appendix), most of which use a standardized methodology that allows comparisons across biomes and through time. To date, there are about 1200 publications associated with PPBio that cover topics ranging from natural history to genetics and species distributions. Most of the field data and metadata are available through PPBio web sites or DataONE. Metadata is available for researchers that intend to explore the different faces of Brazilian biodiversity spatio-temporal variation, as well as for managers intending to improve conservation strategies. The Program also fostered, directly and indirectly, local technical capacity building, and supported the training of hundreds of undergraduate and graduate students. The main challenge is maintaining the long-term funding necessary to understand biodiversity patterns and processes under pressure from global environmental changes.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202120201604 1034 downloads

10.

Melatonin can be, more effective than N-acetylcysteine, protecting acute lung injury induced by intestinal ischemia-reperfusion in rat model
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Leite, Alberto Andrade

; Reiter, Russel Joseph

; Brandão, Julio Cezar Mendes

; Sakae, Thiago Mamoru

; Marinho, Marcia

; Camargo, Celia Regina

; Oliveira-Junior, Itamar Souza

Clinics

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2021, Volume 76 elocation e2513

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

OBJECTIVES: The current study compared the impact of pretreatment with melatonin and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on the prevention of rat lung damage following intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (iIR). METHODS: Twenty-eight Wistar rats were subjected to intestinal ischemia induced by a 60 min occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery, followed by reperfusion for 120 min. Animals were divided into the following groups (n=7 per group): sham, only abdominal incision; SS+iIR, pretreated with saline solution and iIR; NAC+iIR, pretreated with NAC (20 mg/kg) and iIR; MEL+iIR, pretreated with melatonin (20 mg/kg) and iIR. Oxidative stress and inflammatory mediators were measured and histological analyses were performed in the lung tissues. RESULTS: Data showed a reduction in malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and TNF-alpha in the animals pretreated with NAC or MEL when compared to those treated with SS+iIR (p<0.05). An increase in superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels in the NAC- and MEL-pretreated animals as compared to the SS+iIR group (34±8 U/g of tissue; p<0.05) was also observed. TNF-α levels were lower in the MEL+iIR group (91±5 pg/mL) than in the NAC+iIR group (101±6 pg/mL). Histological analysis demonstrated a higher lung lesion score in the SS+iIR group than in the pretreated groups. CONCLUSION: Both agents individually provided tissue protective effect against intestinal IR-induced lung injury, but melatonin was more effective in ameliorating the parameters analyzed in this study.

https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2021/e2513 295 downloads

11.

Comparison between erector spinal plane block and epidural block techniques for postoperative analgesia in open cholecystectomies: a randomized clinical trial
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Sakae, Thiago Mamoru

; Yamauchi, Luiz Henrique Ide

; Takaschima, Augusto Key Karazawa

; Brandão, Julio C.

; Benedetti, Roberto Henrique

Revista Brasileira de Anestesiologia

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feb 2020, Volume 70 N. 1 Pages 22 - 27

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Justificativa e objetivo: O Bloqueio do Plano do Músculo Eretor da Espinha (ESP block) é um bloqueio relativamente novo, inicialmente descrito para analgesia de dor torácica crônica, porém já descrito para anestesia e analgesia em procedimentos cirúrgicos torácicos e, mais recentemente, para cirurgias abdominais altas. O estudo objetivou comparar as técnicas de bloqueio ESP e bloqueio Epidural com morfina e anestésico local para analgesia pós-operatória de cirurgias de colecistectomia aberta. Método: Estudo clínico randomizado controlado, unicego com 31 pacientes (ESP block, n = 15; Epidural, n = 16), de ambos os sexos, idades entre 27 e 77 anos. O ESP block foi realizado no nível de T8 com injeção de 20 mL de ropivacaína 0,5% bilateral. O bloqueio Epidural foi realizado no espaço T8-T9 com 20 mL de ropivacaína 0,5% e 1 mg de morfina. Resultados: O grupo ESP block apresentou valores médios de dor pela Escala Visual Numérica (EVN) maiores nas avaliações até 2 horas (p= 0,001) e em 24 horas (p= 0,001). O grupo ESP block apresentou um risco três vezes maior - 43,7%vs.13,3% - de uso de opioide de resgate em 24 horas pós-operatórias do que o grupo epidural (RR = 3,72; 95% IC 0,91 a 15,31; p= 0,046). Conclusão: Nas doses realizadas nesse estudo, o ESP block não se mostrou uma técnica efetiva para analgesia pós-operatória de colecistectomia aberta, com mais uso de opioide de resgate e sem diferenças na escala visual numérica de dor. Necessita-se de estudos mais abrangentes avaliando a eficácia do ESP block para o componente visceral e somático abdominal, considerando o nível do bloqueio específico.

Abstract Introduction and objectives: Blockade of the Erector Spinal Muscle (ESP Block) is a relatively new block, initially described for chronic thoracic pain analgesia, but it has already been described for anesthesia and analgesia in thoracic surgical procedures and, more recently, for high abdominal surgeries. The aim of the study was to compare two techniques, ESP Block and Epidural Block, with morphine and local anesthetic for postoperative analgesia of open cholecystectomy surgeries. Methods: Controlled single-blind randomized clinical trial with 31 patients (ESP Block, n = 15; Epidural, n = 16), of both genders, ages between 27 and 77 years. The ESP block was performed at the T8 level with injection of 20 mL of 0.5% ropivacaine bilaterally. The epidural block was performed at the T8-T9 space with 20 mL of 0.5% ropivacaine and 1 mg of morphine. Results: The ESP Block group presented higher mean Numeric Pain Scale (NPS) values for pain in the up to 2 hour (p = 0.001) and in the 24 hour (p = 0.001) assessments. The ESP Block group had a three-fold increased risk (43.7% vs. 13.3%) of rescue opioid use in the 24 postoperative hours when compared to the epidural group (RR = 3.72, 95% CI: 0.91 to 15.31, p = 0.046). Conclusion: ESP Block did not prove to be an effective technique for postoperative analgesia of open cholecystectomy, at the doses performed in this study, having required more use of rescue opioid, and without differences in NPS. More comprehensive studies are required to assess the efficacy of ESP block for the visceral and abdominal somatic component, considering the specific blockade level.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjane.2020.02.014 734 downloads

12.

Detection of Drug Resistant Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Strains Using Kit SIRE Nitratase®: a Multicenter Study
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Miranda, Silvana Spindola de

; Almeida, Isabela Neves de

; Mansur, Maria de Fátima Filardi Oliveira

; Figueredo, Lida Jouca de Assis

; Carvalho, Wânia da Silva

; Hadaad, João Paulo Amaral

; Diniz, Jaciara de Lourdes do Carmo Guimarães

; Groll, Andrea von

; Silva, Pedro Almeida da

; Lopes, Maria Luiza

; Santos, Marcelo Cordeiro dos

; Brito, Alexandra

; Mello, Fernanda Carvalho de Queiroz

; Malaquias, Thiago da Silva Santos

; Croda, Julio

; Pinhata, Juliana Maira Watanabe

; Oliveira, Rosângela Siqueira de

; Chimara, Erica

; Rossetti, Maria Lúcia

; Halon, Maria Laura

; Lourenço, Maria Cristina

; Medeiros, Reginalda Ferreira de Melo

; Montes, Fátima Cristina Onofre Fandinho

; Machado, Diana

; Viveiros, Miguel

; Kritski, Afrânio Lineu

Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology

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2020, Volume 63 elocation e20190179

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract (1) Background: The Commercial Kit SIRE Nitratase® PlastLabor, is a drug susceptibility test kit used to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis resistance to first-line TB treatment drugs. The present study aimed at evaluating its performance in a multicenter study. (2) Methods: To determine its accuracy, the proportion methods in Lowenstein Jensen medium or the BACTECTMMGITTM960 system was used as a gold standard. (3) Results: The study revealed that the respective accuracies of the kit with 190 M. tuberculosis clinical isolates, using the proportion methods in Lowenstein Jensen medium or BACTECTMMGITTM960 system as a gold standard, were 93.9% and 94.6%, 96.9% and 94.6%, 98.0% and 97.8%, and 98.0% and 98.9%, for streptomycin, isoniazid, rifampicin, and ethambutol, respectively. (4) Conclusion: Thus, the kit can rapidly screen resistance to streptomycin, isoniazid, rifampicin, and ethambutol. Additionally, it does not require sophisticated equipment; hence, it can be easily used in the laboratories of low and middle income countries.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4324-2020190179 905 downloads

13.

TACTICAL AND TECHNICAL PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF THE MALE 65 KG CATEGORY AT THE BRAZILIAN SHOTOKAN KARATE CHAMPIONSHIP
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Ribas, Marcelo Romanovitch

; Pereira, Meire Ane Schimitka

; Barbosa, Thiago Alexandre

; Lass, André Domingos

; Bassan, Julio Cesar

Journal of Physical Education

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2020, Volume 31 elocation e3106

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O objetivo do presente estudo foi identificar as técnicas mais utilizadas por medalhistas e atletas derrotados durante o Campeonato Brasileiro de Karatê Shotokan de 2017. Onze lutas envolvendo treze atletas com 28.5 ± 3.7 anos que disputaram a categoria 1º. KYU até 65 kg foram investigados. A análise foi realizada por seis especialistas por meio da observação e registro de técnicas utilizando planilha tática e técnica de Scout de Karatê. O teste Anova foi utilizado para comparar as ações e técnicas mais utilizadas. O teste do qui-quadrado para amostras independentes foi utilizado para verificar a existência de diferenças significativas entre as técnicas utilizadas pelos atletas vencedores e derrotados (p<0.05). Os resultados mostram que o ataque mais frequente durante as lutas foi “Mawashi geri”, 26.3 ± 1.5 vezes, seguido de “Gyaku zuki” com 19.5 ± 2.0 vezes (p<0.01). A ação tática mais visualizada durante os combates foi o ataque com 47.5 ± 5.5 vezes (p<0.01). “Mawashi geri” foi o ataque mais usado (p=0.01) pelos vencedores 71.4% quando comparado com os atletas derrotados 28.6%. Em conclusão o ataque “Mawashi geri” foi a decisão mais assertiva usada na categoria até 65 Kg.

ABSTRACT The aim of the present study was to identify the most used techniques by medalists and defeated athletes during the Brazilian Shotokan Karate Championship of 2017. Eleven fights involving thirteen athletes (28.5±3.7yrs.) who competed in the category “up to 65 Kg 1st KYU” were investigated. Analysis were conducted by six specialists through the observation and register technique using the tactical and technical spreadsheet Scout Karate. The Anova test was used to compare actions and techniques mostly used. The Chi-square test for independent samples was used to verify the existence of significant differences among the techniques used by the winning and defeated athletes (p<0.05). Results show that the most frequent attack during fights was the “Mawashi geri”, 26.3±1.5 times, followed by “Gyaku zuki” with 19.5±2.0 times (p<0.01). The most visualized tactical action during combats was the attack with 47.5±5.5 times (p<0.01). “Mawashi geri” was the mostly used attack (p=0.01) performed by winners (71.4%) when compared with the defeated athletes (28.6%). The results indicate that the “Mawashi geri” attack was the most assertive decision used in the category “up to 65 Kg 1st KYU”.

https://doi.org/10.4025/jphyseduc.v31i1.3106 600 downloads

14.

Synergistic bromothymol blue dye degradation with hydrodynamic cavitation and hydrogen peroxide (HC-H2O2)
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Machado, Polyane Ribeiro

; Soeira, Thiago Vinícius Ribeiro

; Pagan, Fausto de Souza

; Malpass, Geoffroy Roger Pointer

; Gonçalves, Julio Cesar de Souza Inácio

; Ferreira, Deusmaque Carneiro

Revista Ambiente & Água

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2020, Volume 15 N. 3 elocation e2518

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a degradação do corante azul de bromotimol em dispositivo Venturi empregando processo combinado: cavitação hidrodinâmica e peróxido de hidrogênio. O Planejamento Composto Central (PCC) foi utilizado para otimizar as variáveis; pressão, tempo de reação e proporção molar de peróxido de hidrogênio. Foram avaliadas as eficiências de degradação a partir das análises da Demanda Química de Oxigênio (COD) e a remoção de cor antes e após o tratamento no Venturi. Obteve-se a condição de remoção máxima de COD (93.42%) e cor (93.28%) para pressão de entrada de 4.0 bar, com tempo de tratamento de 25 minutos e proporção molar de H2O2 e efluente (corante) de 30:1. O sistema de cavitação hidrodinâmica, combinado com peróxido de hidrogênio, tem grande potencial para remover compostos orgânicos de difícil degradação (inércia química).

Abstract This study assessed the degradation of bromothymol blue in a Venturi device based on a hybrid process that combines hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). A Rotatable Central Composite Design (RCCD) was used to optimize the following variables: pressure, reaction time and molar ratio of hydrogen peroxide. Degradation efficiencies were evaluated based on Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and color removals before and after Venturi treatment. Maximum COD (93.42%) and color (93.28%) removals were observed at 4.0 bar inlet pressure, at a treatment time of 25 minutes and at H2O2/effluent (dye) molar ratio of 30:1. The hydrodynamic cavitation/hydrogen peroxide system has great potential to remove normally recalcitrant organic pollutants.

https://doi.org/10.4136/ambi-agua.2518 790 downloads

15.

The effect of SDS surfactant on surface reaeration coefficient: a laboratory scale approach
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Ferreira, Murilo de Souza

; Soeira, Thiago Vinicius Ribeiro

; Ferreira, Deusmaque Carneiro

; Luz, Mário Sergio da

; Poleto, Cristiano

; Gonçalves, Julio Cesar de Souza Inácio

Revista Ambiente & Água

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2020, Volume 15 N. 4 elocation e2536

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo O coeficiente de reaeração superficial (K2), que representa a transferência de oxigênio na interface ar-água, é uma importante variável dos ecossistemas aquáticos. O K2 é influenciado por diversos fatores, entre eles as substâncias surfactantes, além disso, tal coeficiente é utilizado em modelos de qualidade da água, o que demanda a sua correta estimativa. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do surfactante Dodecil Sulfato de Sódio (SDS) sobre o K2. Em um reator cilíndrico com agitador mecânico tipo turbina, 15 experimentos de reaeração foram realizados com concentrações de SDS (0,0; 0,25; 0,5; 1,0 e 1,5 mMol L-1) e velocidades de rotação do agitador (25, 50 e 100 rpm). Em um canal hidráulico circular, 8 experimentos de reaeração foram realizados, em triplicata, com concentrações de SDS (0 e 1.5 mMol L-1) e níveis de agitação (Reynolds 4.500, 37.500, 49.200 e 54.000). No reator, independentemente da velocidade de rotação, o surfactante reduziu o K2 em 20%, devido à formação de um filme superficial na interface que dificultou a transferência do oxigênio, fenômeno conhecido como efeito barreira. No canal, a redução de K2 (aproximadamente 15%) ocorreu em maiores níveis de agitação da água. Na presença de surfactantes, e em baixos níveis de agitação, fenômenos que aumentam o K2 (i.e., efeito de Marangoni) coexistem com os que reduzem K2 (i.e., efeito barreira). Conclui-se que a presença de SDS em ambientes aquáticos deve ser considerada na estimativa do coeficiente de reaeração superficial, pois este surfactante pode contribuir para estimativas incertas do K2.

Abstract Surface reaeration coefficient (K2), which represents the transfer of oxygen at the air-water interface, is an important variable in aquatic ecosystems. K2 is influenced by several factors, including surfactants; furthermore, this coefficient is used in water-quality models, which requires its correct estimation. This study evaluated the effects of the surfactant Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS) on K2 in two different experimental systems. In a cylindrical reactor with a turbine-type mechanical stirrer, 15 reaeration experiments were carried out with SDS concentrations of 0.0; 0.25; 0.5; 1.0 and 1.5 mMol L-1 and stirrer rotation velocities of 25, 50 and 100 rpm. In a circular hydraulic channel, 8 reaeration experiments were carried out, in triplicate, with SDS concentrations of 0 and 1.5 mMol L-1 and agitation levels of Reynolds 4,500, 37,500; 49,200 and 54,000. In the reactor, regardless of the rotation velocity, the surfactant reduced K2 by 20%, due to a superficial film formation at the interface that made oxygen transfer difficult, due to a phenomenon known as “barrier effect”. In the channel, an approximate K2 reduction of 15% occurred at higher levels of water agitation. In the presence of surfactants, and at low levels of agitation, phenomena that increase K2 (i.e., Marangoni effect) may coexist with those that reduce K2 (i.e., barrier effect). We concluded that the presence of SDS in aquatic environments should be considered when estimating the surface reaeration coefficient, because this surfactant can contribute to uncertain K2 estimation.

https://doi.org/10.4136/ambi-agua.2536 528 downloads

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