ABSTRACT Objective: This study aimed to compare the influence of a high carbohydrate meal versus high-fat meal on the oxidation of substrates during an exercise incremental test. Materials and methods: Ten untrained male subjects underwent two days of the protocol. Randomly, they received a high carbohydrate meal or a high-fat meal, receiving the other one in the next protocol. On both days, they performed an incremental treadmill test, with heart rate and maximal oxygen consumption to estimate the oxidation of substrates. Results: The high-fat meal showed an increase in the absolute amount of oxidized fat along with the incremental test (P < 0.05; effect size = 0.9528), and a reduction in the respiratory exchange ratio at low intensities (P < 0.05; effect size = 0.7765). Conclusions: The meals presented no difference when compared to maximum oxidation point of substrates, the oxidation rate of substrates over time, and heart rate. A pre-test high-fat meal in untrained individuals was shown to be a modulating factor of total oxidized fats throughout the exercise, although it did not exert a significant effect on the rate of this oxidation over time.

ABSTRACT This article aims to analyze the actions taken by governments to face the social, environmental, and health impacts of oil spill disasters worldwide. This scoping review was conducted in Bireme, Lilacs, SciELO, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases, considering articles published between 1973 and 2021. The database search returned 22 articles on ten global oil disasters in three continents (Asia, the Americas, and Europe), whose causes were grounding (03), shipwreck (01), collision (02), spill (03), and explosion (01). The actions developed were characterized as intersectoral, economic, environmental, and health-related, and the most frequent were environmental and economic actions. In the actions developed, we observed criticisms of controlling, mitigating, or preventing instantaneous or future damages resulting from oil disasters, which is still an open agenda for social movements in the struggle to ensure a healthy, health-promoting environment that preserves all its biodiversity. The actions to face oil disasters in different countries seem incipient, revealing a governmental inability to guide the confrontation of the impacts of this unusual event.

RESUMO Este artigo teve por objetivo analisar as ações desenvolvidas pelos governos para o enfrentamento dos impactos socioambientais e na saúde em decorrência dos desastres envolvendo petróleo no mundo. Trata-se de uma revisão de escopo realizada na Bireme, Lilacs, SciELO, PubMed, Cochrane Library e Embase, considerando artigos publicados entre 1973 e 2021. As buscas efetuadas nas bases de dados resultaram em 22 artigos sobre 10 desastres de petróleo ao redor do mundo em três continentes (Ásia, América e Europa), cujas causas dos desastres foram encalhe (3), naufrágio (1), colisão (2), derrame (3) e explosão (1). As ações desenvolvidas foram caracterizadas como intersetoriais, econômicas, ambientais e na saúde, sendo que as mais frequentes foram ações ambientais e econômicas. Nas ações desenvolvidas, observaram-se críticas ao controle, mitigação ou prevenção dos danos instantâneos ou futuros decorrentes dos desastres por petróleo, sendo essa uma agenda ainda em aberto para os movimentos sociais na luta pela garantia de um ambiente saudável, promotor de saúde e com preservação de toda a sua biodiversidade. Conclui-se que as ações para o enfrentamento dos desastres por petróleo nos diferentes países parecem ter sido incipientes, revelando uma incapacidade governamental de orientar o enfrentamento dos impactos desse evento inusitado.

RESUMO Este artigo teve por objetivo analisar as ações desenvolvidas pelos governos para o enfrentamento dos impactos socioambientais e na saúde em decorrência dos desastres envolvendo petróleo no mundo. Trata-se de uma revisão de escopo realizada na Bireme, Lilacs, SciELO, PubMed, Cochrane Library e Embase, considerando artigos publicados entre 1973 e 2021. As buscas efetuadas nas bases de dados resultaram em 22 artigos sobre 10 desastres de petróleo ao redor do mundo em três continentes (Ásia, América e Europa), cujas causas dos desastres foram encalhe (3), naufrágio (1), colisão (2), derrame (3) e explosão (1). As ações desenvolvidas foram caracterizadas como intersetoriais, econômicas, ambientais e na saúde, sendo que as mais frequentes foram ações ambientais e econômicas. Nas ações desenvolvidas, observaram-se críticas ao controle, mitigação ou prevenção dos danos instantâneos ou futuros decorrentes dos desastres por petróleo, sendo essa uma agenda ainda em aberto para os movimentos sociais na luta pela garantia de um ambiente saudável, promotor de saúde e com preservação de toda a sua biodiversidade. Conclui-se que as ações para o enfrentamento dos desastres por petróleo nos diferentes países parecem ter sido incipientes, revelando uma incapacidade governamental de orientar o enfrentamento dos impactos desse evento inusitado.

ABSTRACT This article aims to analyze the actions taken by governments to face the social, environmental, and health impacts of oil spill disasters worldwide. This scoping review was conducted in Bireme, Lilacs, SciELO, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases, considering articles published between 1973 and 2021. The database search returned 22 articles on ten global oil disasters in three continents (Asia, the Americas, and Europe), whose causes were grounding (03), shipwreck (01), collision (02), spill (03), and explosion (01). The actions developed were characterized as intersectoral, economic, environmental, and health-related, and the most frequent were environmental and economic actions. In the actions developed, we observed criticisms of controlling, mitigating, or preventing instantaneous or future damages resulting from oil disasters, which is still an open agenda for social movements in the struggle to ensure a healthy, health-promoting environment that preserves all its biodiversity. The actions to face oil disasters in different countries seem incipient, revealing a governmental inability to guide the confrontation of the impacts of this unusual event.

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a treatment that requires long periods of hospitalization. The mobility restrictions result in physical, functional and psychological impairments. Physical exercise is a therapy that can restore physical and functional capacities; however, it is necessary to understand the effects of its practice in post-HSCT individuals. The purpose of this systematic review (SR) was to assess the impact of physical exercise in children and adolescents undergoing HSCT. The SR was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines through search in the electronic databases Embase, Lilacs, PEDro, PubMed and SCOPUS, without limitation of dates and languages. Randomized or non-randomized clinical trials with children and adolescents who underwent HSCT, aged between 3 to 19 years old, who participated in a regular physical activity program, were assessed. After removing duplicates and selecting studies according to the eligibility criteria, seven parallel studies incorporating hospitalized and discharged participants undertaking aerobic and strengthening exercises were included in this study. The main outcomes analyzed were exercise capacity, quality-of-life, body composition and freedom. Five studies comprised the meta-analysis regarding the effects of the distance walked in the 6-min walk test and quality-of-life. Physical exercise is considered to be safe, feasible and efficacious to prevent the decline of the quality-of-life in children and adolescents undergoing HCST, as well as a considerable improvement in physical capacity.

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of chronic inflammatory periapical diseases in different regions of Brazil and to compare with data from the literature. A multicenter study was carried out in four Brazilian referral centers in oral diagnosis. Histopathological records were reviewed, and all cases diagnosed microscopically as periapical granuloma, radicular cyst, and periapical abscess were included. Demographic and clinical data were collected. Descriptive statistics and Pearson’s chi-square test were performed. A total of 10,381 cases of chronic inflammatory periapical diseases were found (13.8% of 74,931 archived specimens) over a period of 65 years. Radicular cysts were the most common lesion (59.9%). Women (56.1%) with a mean age of 37.01 years old (range 13 to 100 ± 14.42) and people of white skin color (59.2%) were the most affected individuals by chronic inflammatory periapical diseases. The lesions were generally asymptomatic (28.1%), located in the maxilla (60.1%), and posterior region (49.8%). The radicular cysts were larger when compared to periapical granulomas (p < 0.001). The disagreement between the clinical and histopathological diagnoses was higher when the final diagnosis was a periapical granuloma (p < 0.001). Chronic inflammatory periapical diseases continue to be common lesions affecting mainly adults. This should be a consequence of the burden of untreated caries in permanent teeth. Women are more affected and radicular cyst was the most common lesion.

Resumen Las organizaciones se encuentran involucradas en constantes cambios y buscan implementar estrategias que les permitan enfrentarlos nuevos desafíos que generan, sobre todo, la globalización y la competitividad, centrados en el poder del conocimiento. El objetivo de este artículo es mapear las contribuciones de la educación corporativa en la formación y el desarrollo de las competencias de los colaboradores de una organización del sector bancário. Para la realización de este trabajo se optó por una muestra no probabilística y por conveniencia. El cuestionario se aplicó en trabajadores del Banco ALFA de las ciudades de Ribeirão Preto, jaboticabal e Itu, de Brasil. Lo contestaron 200 funcionarios en total. De esta manera, fue posible concluir que los participantes concuerdan, parcialmente, en que el banco valora los funcionarios que buscan entrenamiento, por tanto, para ellos poseer capacitaciones no es un diferencial profesional frente a otro colaborador que no los posea. Sin embargo, el análisis de los resultados evidenció que es esencial un mayor incentivo a la participación en los programas o cursos financiados por el banco; pues queda clara la importancia y la necesidad de una adecuada implementación de procesos de educación corporativa, pues esta se presenta como un pilar fundamental para una gestión empresarial exitosa.

Résumé Les organisations sont impliquées dans des changements constants et cherchent à mettre en œuvre des stratégies leur permettant de faire face aux nouveaux défis créés par la mondialisation et la compétitivité et centrés autour du savoir. L'objectif de cet article est de cartographier les contributions de la formation en entreprise à la formation et au développement des compétences des collaborateurs d'une organisation du secteur bancaire. Pour effectuer cette investigation nous avons choisi un échantillon non probabiliste de commodité. Le questionnaire a été soumis aux employés de la banque ALFA des villes de Ribeirão Preto, jaboticabal et Itu, au Brésil. Au total deux cents collaborateurs y ont répondu s'accordant en partie sur le fait que la banque valorise les employés en quête de formation mais ne marque pas de différentiel professionnel par rapport à un autre collaborateur moins formé. L'investigation montre par ailleurs des résultats suggérant une plus grande incitation à participer aux programmes financés par la banque. L'importance et la nécessité d'une mise en œuvre adéquate des processus de formation en entreprise sont claires car présentées comme un pilier fondamental pour une gestion d'entreprise réussie.

Abstract Organizations are involved in constant change, and seek to implement strategies that allow them to face the new challenges that are generated, above all, by globalization and competitiveness, centered on the power of knowledge. The aim of this article is to map the contributions of corporate education to the training and development of competencies of the employees working in an organization in the banking sector. For the development of this work, we chose a non-probability convenience sample. The questionnaire was applied to workers from Banco ALFA in the cities of Ribeirão Preto, jaboticabal, and Itu, in Brazil. A total of 200 employees answered the questionnaire, thus, it was possible to conclude that the participants partly agree with the fact that the bank values the employees who seek for the opportunity of training; so for them, having training is not a professional differential against another employee who does not have it. However, the analysis of the results showed that it is essential to work on a greater incentive for employees to participate in the programs or courses that are financed by the bank; as the importance and the necessity of an adequate implementation of corporate education processes becomes clear, taking into account that it is presen ted as a fundamental pillar for a successful corporate management.

Resumo As organizações se encontram em constante mudanças e buscam implementar estratégias que lhes permitam enfrentar os novos desafios gerados, sobretudo, pela globalização e competitividade, focados no poder do conhecimento. O objetivo deste artigo é mapear as contribuições da educação corporativa no treinamento e desenvolvimento das habilidades dos funcionários de uma organização no setor bancário. Para a realização deste trabalho, foi escolhida uma amostra não probabilística e de conveniência. O questionário foi aplicado a trabalhadores do Banco ALFA nas cidades de Ribeirão Preto, Jaboticabal e Itu, no Brasil. Um total de 200 funcionários responderam. Dessa forma, foi possível concluir que os participantes concordam parcialmente que o banco valoriza os funcionários que buscam treinamento, portanto, para eles, ter treinamento não é um diferencial profissional em comparação com outro colaborador que não. No entanto, a análise dos resultados mostrou que é essencial um maior incentivo para participar de programas ou cursos financiados pelo banco porque é clara a importância e a necessidade de uma implementação adequada dos processos de educação corporativa, uma vez que este é apresentado como um pilar fundamental para o sucesso do gerenciamento de negócios.

Abstract The majority of tilapia farming is used for the production of fillets, resulting in the generation of waste that can be used to increase food stocks by producing minced fish. The aim of this study was to characterize and evaluate the viability of boiling and mechanical techniques for obtaining minced fish in relation to performance, physical-chemical and microbiological parameters and to reduce the waste generated in the process of filleting Nile tilapia. Based on performance outcomes, the mechanical technique proved to be 12% more efficient than the boiling one. The cost of the boiling technique was higher due to performance and operating costs. In both techniques microbiological alterations were not observed. Centesimal analysis results showed a difference in humidity between the techniques, which was expected due to loss of water during the boiling process, which possibly also affected protein levels. Over all, the use of a deboning machine allied lower operating cost, better performance, quality and practicality. The debone machine technique it's feasible considering the large volume of waste generated daily on fish farms, which requires a speedy and effective disposal. Further, makes possible obtaining a nutritional raw material of high added-value and contributing to the reduction of environmental impacts.

ABSTRACT Tooth bleaching is a technique of choice to obtain a harmonious smile, but bleaching agents may damage the dental pulp. Objective: This study evaluated the inflammatory responses of human dental pulp after the use of two bleaching techniques. Material and Methods: Pulp samples were collected from human third molars extracted for orthodontic reasons and divided into three groups: control - no tooth bleaching (CG) (n=7); at-home bleaching with 15% carbamide peroxide (AH) (n = 10), and in-office bleaching with 38% hydrogen peroxide (IO) (n=12). Pulps were removed and stained with hematoxylin-eosin for microscopic analysis of inflammation intensity, collagen degradation, and pulp tissue organization. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect mast cells (tryptase+), blood vessels (CD31+), and macrophages (CD68+). Chi-square, Kruskal-Wallis, and Mann Whitney tests were used for statistical analysis. The level of significance was set at p<.05. Results: The inflammation intensity and the number of macrophages were significantly greater in IO than in AH and CG (p<0.05). The results of CD31+ (blood vessels per mm2) were similar in CG (61.39±20.03), AH (52.29±27.62), and IO (57.43±8.69) groups (p>0.05). No mast cells were found in the pulp samples analyzed. Conclusion: In-office bleaching with 38% hydrogen peroxide resulted in more intense inflammation, higher macrophages migration, and greater pulp damage then at-home bleaching with 15% carbamide peroxide, however, these bleaching techniques did not induce migration of mast cells and increased the number of blood vessels.

O conhecimento de como os animais depositam componentes químicos como água, proteína, gordura e cinzas na carcaça é importante para a formulação de uma dieta equilibrada, permitindo o máximo desempenho com baixo impacto ambiental. Logo, o trabalho foi conduzido, com o objetivo de avaliar a influência de diferentes linhagens de tilápia sobre a deposição de componentes químicos na carcaça. Os componentes corporais analisados foram água, proteína, gordura e cinzas. Para a determinação das curvas de deposição química corporal em função da idade foram ajustados os modelos exponencial, Brody, logístico, Gompertz e vonBertalanffy. Houve ajuste apenas do modelo exponencial para a água, tendo as linhagens UFLA e Comerciais as que depositaram numa velocidade mais rápida (P<0,05) em relação às demais linhagens. Quanto à proteína, a linhagem Vermelha foi a que teve menor peso à maturidade, estimado (49,37g) e foi mais precoce quanto à deposição máxima em relação as outras linhagens (Chitralada, UFLA e Comercial), no qual obtiveram peso a maturidade estimada em 231,5g e deposição máxima aos 337 dias de idade. Não houve diferença (P>0,05) dos parâmetros do modelo logístico entre as linhagens Vermelha,UFLA e Comercial para extrato etéreo, sendo a deposição máxima (0,23 g) aos 310 dias de idade. Em relação à deposição de cinzas, a linhagem Comercial teve maior deposição máxima (0,10 g) e, aos 337 dias de idade, sendo mais tardia em relação as outras linhagens que obtiveram deposição máxima de 0,033 g, aos 254 dias de idade. Portanto, conclui-se que as linhagens genéticas avaliadas diferem quanto às curvas de deposição química de água, proteína, extrato etéreo e cinzas.

The knowledge of how animals deposited chemical components as water, protein, fat and ash in the carcass is importance for the formulation of a balanced diet, allowing maximum performance with a low environmental impact. So, the study was carried out to evaluate the influence of different tilapia strains (Chitralada, Commercial, Red and Universidade Federal de Lavras [UFLA]) on the deposition of bodily chemical components in the carcass. The bodily components analyzed were water, protein, fat and ash. For the determination of the bodily chemical deposition curves by age, the exponential, Brody, logistic, Gompertz and von Bertalanffy models were adjusted. The Commercial and UFLA strains deposited water at a faster speed (P<0.05) compared with the remaining strains. As for protein, the Red strain had a lower estimated maturity weight (49.37 g), and was more precocious (202 days) with regard to maximum deposition in comparison to the other strains (Chitralada, UFLA and Commercial) in which there was an estimated maturity weight of 231.5 g and maximum depositionfor 337 days. There were no differences (P>0.05) for the logistic model parameter between Red, UFLA and Commercial strains for fat, which presented a maximum fat deposition (0.23 g) at 310 days of age. Regarding ash deposition, the Commercial strain presented a higher maximum deposition (0.10 g) at 337 days, occurring later than the other strains that presented maximum deposition (0.033g) at 254 days of age. Thus, it was concluded that the genetic strains evaluated differ in chemical deposition curves of water, protein, fat and ash.

Para o desenvolvimento de uma tecnologia de cultivo é necessária a determinação da densidade de estocagem ideal. Objetivou-se determinar a melhor densidade de estocagem para juvenis de Brycon orthotaenia, cultivados em tanques-rede, durante a fase de recria. A pesquisa foi conduzida na Fazenda Experimental da Epamig, em Felixlândia, Estado de Minas Gerais, na represa de Três Marias. Foram utilizados 9.000 alevinos, distribuídos em 12 berçários com 2 m³ em tanques-rede, seguindo o delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com três repetições e quatro diferentes densidades de estocagem (150, 300, 450, 600 peixes m-3). Amostras aleatórias de cada tanque-rede foram coletadas para as avaliações, no início do experimento e aos 60 dias de cultivo. Foram estimados os parâmetros produtivos, índice de crescimento específico e uniformidade. Obteve-se uma relação linear positiva (p < 0,05) para biomassa final (r² = 0,88), ganho de peso da biomassa (r² = 0,87), produtividade (r² = 0,86), conversão alimentar aparente (r² = 0,96) e para viabilidade econômica (r² = 0,96). Para sobrevivência (r² = 0,98), a relação linear foi negativa (p < 0,05). Não houve diferença significativa entre os tratamentos (p > 0,05) para os parâmetros de crescimento, uniformidade e peso final. Conclui-se que a densidade de 300 peixes m-3 é a mais indicada, pois, proporciona maior receita líquida, sobrevivência e boa conversão alimentar.

Developing a rearing technology requires the determination of the optimum stocking density. This study aimed to determine the best stocking density for Brycon orthotaenia juveniles grown in net cages, during the rearing phase. The research was conducted at the Experimental Farm of EPAMIG, in Felixlândia, Minas Gerais State, in the Três Marias Reservoir. 9,000 fingerlings were distributed into 12 net cages, 2 m³ each, according to a completely randomized design with three replications and four different stocking densities (150, 300, 450, 600 fish m-3). Random samples were taken from each net cage, at the onset of the experiment and at 60 rearing days, to assess production parameters, specific growth rate and uniformity. We verified a positive linear relationship (p < 0.05) for final biomass (r² = 0.88), weight gain (r² = 0.87), productivity (r² = 0.86), apparent feed conversion (r² = 0.96) and economic viability (r² = 0.96). For survival (r² = 0.98), the relationship was negative (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences between treatments (p > 0.05) for growth parameters, uniformity and final weight. It can be concluded that the density of 300 fish m-3 is the most suitable, because it provides higher net revenue, survival, and a good feed conversion.

A asma é uma doença crônica e intervenções psicológicas podem melhorar seu manejo. Este estudo objetiva correlacionar características clínicas e psicológicas dos asmáticos. Foram avaliados vinte e quatro adultos asmáticos em Ambulatório de Pneumologia, sendo administrados questionários de controle e qualidade de vida em asma, escalas de Otimismo/Pessimismo, Satisfação de Vida, Esperança Disposicional e Esperança de Staats. Controle da asma apresentou correlação estatisticamente significativa, com escore total (r=-0,69, p<0,01), domínios sintomas (r=-0,64, p<0,01) e emoções (r=-0,53, p<0,01) do Questionário de Qualidade de Vida e com o domínio estímulo ambiental (r=-0,42, p<0,05). Observou-se, também, que a dimensão hope-self (Esperança Staats) obteve correlações estatisticamente significativas com o Questionário de Controle de Asma (r=-0,45, p<0,05). O controle da asma apresentou relação importante com qualidade de vida. Os resultados mostraram que pacientes com maior controle da asma apresentaram maiores escores de esperança, mas não de otimismo.

Asthma is a chronic disease and psychological interventions can improve its management. This study aims to correlate clinical and psychological characteristics of asthmatic patients. Twenty-four patients were evaluated in the Pulmonology Outpatient Clinic of Santa Casa, in Porto Alegre, and were surveyed with asthma control and quality of life questionnaires, Optimism/Pessimism questionnaires, Satisfaction of life, Hope trace and Staats Hope scales. Asthma control demonstrated statistically significant correlation with the total score (r=-0,69, p<0,01), the domain symptoms (r=-0,64, p<0,01) and emotions (r=-0,53, p<0,01) of the Quality of Life Questionnaire and with the ambient domain (r=-0,42, p<0,05). The hope-self dimension (Staats Hope) showed statistically significant correlation with the Asthma Control Questionnaire (r=-0,45, p<0,05). Asthma control has an important relationship with quality of life. The results showed that patients with greater asthma control had higher scores of hope, but not optimism.

El asma es una enfermedad crónica e intervenciones psicológicas pueden mejorar su gestión. Este estudio pretende correlacionar características clínicas y psicológicas de los asmáticos. Se evaluaron veinticuatro asmáticos del Ambulatorio de Neumología de la Santa Casa de Porto Alegre, siendo administrados cuestionarios de control y calidad de vida en el asma, escalas de Optimismo/Pesimismo, Satisfacción con la Vida y Disposición de Esperanza e Esperanza Staats. El control del asma mostró una correlación estadísticamente significativa con la puntuación total (r=-0,69, p<0,01), el dominio síntomas (r=-0,64, p<0,01) y emociones (r=-0,53, p<0,01) del cuestionario de calidad de vida y con el dominio de los estímulos ambientales (r=-0,42, p<0,05). También se observó que la dimensión hope-self (Esperanza Staats) mostró correlación estadísticamente significativa con el Cuestionario de Control del Asma (r=-0,45, p<0,05). El control del asma presentó una relación importante con la calidad de vida. Los resultados mostraron que los pacientes con mayor control del asma tienen mayores puntuaciones en esperanza, pero no de optimismo.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the morphometric growth and weight gain of strains of tilapia (Thai, Red, UFLA and Commercial) by nonlinear models. Initially, 500 male fingerlings of each strain, at 85 (Red and UFLA) and 86 (Thai and Commercial) days of age, were stocked separately in raceways with 56 m³. Twenty fish of each strain were randomly sampled, weighed and measured monthly. Five nonlinear models (Brody, von Bertalanffy, Gompertz, logistic and exponential) were tested, choosing one that best fit to the data. The variables studied were: weight, standard length (SL), head length (HL), height 1 (H1), height 2 (H2), height 3 (H3), first distance (D1), second distance (D2), first width (W1), second width (W2) and third width (W3). The exponential model had the best fit to weight and morphometric data, with the exception of W2, in which the best fitted model was von Bertalanffy. The convergence of the exponential model to data indicates that the cultivation period studied was not enough for the strains to reach maturity weight. The UFLA strain presented the lowest value for parameter "a" (initial weight estimate), 8.71 g, and the highest for parameter k (specific growth rate), 0.0127, when compared with other evaluated strains. However, the highest k of UFLA was not enough to overcome the final weight observed for the Commercial strain (603.1 g), which was higher than all other strains. Regarding the morphometric measurements, the UFLA strain also had the highest k for the variables SL, HL, HH, H1, H2, H3 and D2, and similar k to Commercial and Thai strains for the variables D1 and W3 respectively. The strains differ as to weight gain and morphometric growth.

With the purpose of evaluating the changes and the degree of heterosis on performance and carcass traits of fish from the diallel crossing between Pacu and Tambaqui, four genetic groups were generated through hormonal induction: pacu, tambaqui, tambacu and paqui. For 196 days, 400 juveniles of each genetic group were stocked in a pond divided into four parts of equal size, one for each group. At the end of this period, when the fish weighed on average 1024 g (±115.52 g), 20 specimens of each genetic group were sampled, weighed, measured: head length; standard length; body height; and width; and also processed resulting in following body yield: viscera; carcass; head; fillet; rib; residue and skin yields. There was positive heterosis for body weight, viscera and skin yield and head measures and negative heterosis for carcass and filet yield and body width, indicating that the hybrids have better performance on weight gain, but are inferior in relation to the carcass conformation.

Novos compósitos magnéticos anfifílicos foram preparados pelo crescimento de nanotubos e nanofibras de carbono contendo partículas magnéticas através de deposição química de vapor (CVD), utilizando etanol como fonte de carbono e lama vermelha (RM, subproduto do processo Bayer de produção de alumina) como suporte e catalisador. Monitoramento da reação CVD à temperatura programada (TPCVD), difração de raios X (XRD), espectroscopia Mössbauer, espectroscopia de energia dispersiva (EDS), espectroscopia Raman, termogravimetria (TG/DTA), análise elementar (CHN), determinação de área superficial (BET), microscopia eletrônica de varredura (SEM) e de transmissão (TEM) e medidas magnéticas mostraram que etanol reduz íons de ferro na RM para formar fases magnéticas, por exemplo Fe3O4 e Fe0, e depósitos de carbono (5-42 wt.%) na forma de nanotubos e nanofibras. A combinação de nanoestruturas hidrofóbicas de carbono com óxidos hidrofílicos de Al, Si e Ti presentes na lama vermelha produziu materiais anfifílicos com excelente interação com a interface água-óleo. Misturas de óleo de soja ou de decalina com água (completamente imiscíveis) foram emulsificadas facilmente na presença dos compósitos anfifílicos. Quando os compósitos foram adicionados a uma emulsão água-biodiesel estável, as partículas anfifílicas difundiram-se para a interface água- óleo. As partículas do compósito foram atraídas por ímãs e carregaram com elas as gotas de óleo, levando à completa desemulsificação e separação entre biodiesel e água.

New magnetic amphiphilic composites were prepared by the catalytic carbon vapor deposition (CVD) growth of carbon nanotubes and nanofibers using ethanol as carbon source and red mud waste (RM, a by-product of the Bayer process of alumina production) as catalyst and support. Temperature-programmed CVD (TPCVD), analyses by X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Mössbauer spectroscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Raman spectroscopy, thermogravimetry (TG/DTA), elemental analysis (CHN), superficial area determination (BET), scanning (SEM) and transmission (TEM) electron microscopies and magnetic measurements showed that ethanol reduces the iron ions in the red mud to form magnetic phases, e.g., Fe3O4 and Fe0, and carbon deposits (5-42 wt.%), particularly nanotubes and nanofibers. The combination of the hydrophobic carbon nanostructures with the hydrophilic Al, Si and Ti oxides present in the RM produced amphiphilic materials with excellent interaction with the water-oil interface. Soybean oil or decalin mixtures with water (completely immiscible) were easily emulsified in the presence of the amphiphilic composites. When the composites were added to stable biodiesel-water emulsions, the amphiphilic particles diffused to the interface oil-water. These composite particles were attracted by a magnet, carrying the oil droplets with them and leading to the complete demulsification and separation of the biodiesel from the water.

O objetivo deste estudo foi explorar a relação entre a aptidão física e a capacidade funcional de residentes em instituições de longa permanência para idosos de baixa renda. Foi realizada avaliação em seis instituições localizadas em três regiões do país. Amostra foi composta de 78 idosos, com média de idade de 77,4 anos (DP = 7,9). A avaliação da aptidão física aplicando-se testes da AAHPERD adaptada para idosos institucionalizados, e da capacidade funcional pela escala de Katz, constatou que a aptidão física, em seus cinco componentes, em média era regular na flexibilidade, coordenação, agilidade e resistência aeróbia, era boa no componente força. Já o Índice de Aptidão Física Geral (IAFG), em média era regular. Os resultados demonstram que quanto maior o grau de dependência dos idosos institucionalizados menor é a força e o resultado do IAFG e, quanto melhor é a coordenação e a agilidade melhor é o nível de independência para a realização das atividades da vida diária. As implicações estão em contribuir com os programas de exercícios físicos adequados na manutenção e/ou recuperação da funcionalidade.

This study analyzed the relationship between physical fitness and functional capacity in 78 residents of long-stay institutions for low-income elderly located in five regions of Brazil. The majority of the sample consisted of women, and mean age was 77.4 years (SD = 7.9). Physical fitness was assessed with the AAHPERD test, adjusted for institutionalized elderly. The Katz scale was used for functional capacity. The five components of physical fitness rated fair for flexibility, coordination, agility, and aerobic endurance and good for strength. The mean general physical fitness (GPF) index was fair. According to the findings, the greater the degree of dependency in institutionalized elderly, the lesser their strength and GPF level; meanwhile, better coordination and agility are associated with greater independence for performing activities of daily living. The results can contribute to appropriate physical exercise programs for maintenance and/or recovery of functionality.