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Resumo A produção de meloeiro no semiárido brasileiro está sujeita a utilização de águas marginais com salinidade elevada. Entretanto, a utilização de reguladores e bioativadores no tratamento de sementes podem mitigar os efeitos nocivos dos sais na água de irrigação. Nesse sentido, objetivou-se avaliar o efeito de tratamentos pré-germinativos com fitorreguladores e bioativador em sementes de melão para a produção de mudas irrigadas com água biossalina de efluente de piscicultura. Para isso, dois ensaios com os híbridos Goldex e Grand Prix foram realizados separadamente. Utilizou-se delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 4 × 3 (tratamentos pré-germinativos × diluições de água). Além do controle, as sementes foram tratadas com os ácidos salicílico e giberélico, e tiametoxam. As águas utilizadas para irrigação foram a de abastecimento local, efluente de piscicultura (água biossalina) e estas diluídas a 50%. Durante quatorze dias foram realizadas as análises fisiológicas e bioquímicas. A água biossalina (5,0 dS m-1) não afetou a emergência de plântulas de meloeiro Goldex, mas prejudicou o estabelecimento da cultivar Grand Prix. Os pré-tratamentos de sementes com os ácidos salicílico e giberélico atenuam os efeitos da salinidade da água e promovem modulações no crescimento, proporcionando mudas de meloeiro mais vigorosas.

Abstract Melon production in the Brazilian semi-arid region is subject to the use of marginal waters with high salinity. However, the use of regulators and bioactivators in seed treatment can mitigate the harmful effects of salts in irrigation water. In this context, the objective was to evaluate the effect of pre-germination treatments with plant regulators and bioactivator in melon seeds for the production of seedlings irrigated with biosaline water from fish farming effluent. For this, two trials with the Goldex and Grand Prix hybrids were carried out separately. A completely randomized design was used in a 4 × 3 factorial scheme (pre-germination treatments × water dilutions). In addition to the control, the seeds were treated with salicylic and gibberellic acids and thiamethoxam. The waters used for irrigation were local-supply water, fish farming effluent (biosaline water) and these diluted to 50%. Physiological and biochemical analyses were performed for fourteen days. Biosaline water (5.0 dS m-1) did not affect the emergence of Goldex melon seedlings, but compromised the establishment of the Grand Prix cultivar. Seed pre-treatments with salicylic and gibberellic acids attenuate the effects of water salinity and promote growth modulations, resulting in more vigorous melon seedlings.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.257314

Cochlear radiation dose and hearing loss in patients with vestibular schwannoma undergoing radiosurgery: systematic review
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Cavalcanti, Gabriela Silva Teixeira

; Lemos, Andrea

; Moretti, Eduarda C.

; Lucena, Camilla Maria G.A.

; Gomes, João Gabriel R.

; Muniz, Lílian F.

; Venâncio, Leonardo G.A.

; Caldas, Silvio

; Leal, Mariana C.

Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology

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oct 2023, Volume 89 N. 5 elocation 101300

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Objectives: To determine the cut-off point of the cochlear radiation dose as a risk factor for hearing loss in patients with vestibular schwannoma treated with radiosurgery. Methods: A systematic review of the literature was performed without language or publication year restrictions in the MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, LILACS/VHL and Cochrane Library databases. Studies that met the following criteria were included: 1) population: adults of both sexes who underwent radiosurgery for vestibular schwannoma treatment; 2) exposure: cochlear radiation; 3) outcome: hearing loss; 4) type of study: cohort. Two independent reviewers conducted the entire review process. The registration number in PROSPERO was CRD42020206128. Results: From the 333 articles identified in the searches, seven were included after applying the eligibility criteria. There was no standardization as to how to measure exposure or outcome in the included studies, and most studies did not present sufficient data to enable meta-analysis. Conclusion: It was not possible to determine a cut-off point for high cochlear dose that could be considered a risk factor for hearing loss.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjorl.2023.101300

A New Approach for Multivariate Data Analysis in Interlaboratory Comparisons Based on Multidimensional Scaling and Robust Confidence Ellipse
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Leal, Luiz Henrique C.

; Rocha, Werickson F. C.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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mar 2023, Volume 34 N. 3 Pages 434 - 440

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Interlaboratory comparisons (IC) present a challenge related to multivariate data analysis. ISO 13528:2015 is a reference document for interlaboratory comparisons. This standard does not provide descriptions of statistical methods for multivariate analysis and, according to our best knowledge, there is no practical guidance for the organizing and evaluation of multivariate data analysis for interlaboratory comparisons available. Due to this reason, some researchers have made efforts to develop methodologies that make it possible to analyze multivariate data in IC. Generally, these approaches are based on dimensionality-reduction methods like principal component analysis. This paper proposes a new approach to reduce the dimensionality of large data set and check the performance of laboratories based on multidimensional scaling (MDS) and robust confidence ellipse/ellipsoid (RCE). MDS is a multivariate analysis technique that allows grouping laboratories according to their similarity in a Euclidean space. On the other hand, RCE is a statistical method for outlier detection in a multivariate data set. In this work, it is proposed to combine MDS and RCE to evaluate laboratory proficiency in interlaboratory comparison. This methodology was compared with the multivariate z-score and both methodologies identified the same outlying laboratories. This preliminary result indicates that MDS/RCE is promising for classifying IC results.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20220121

Obtainment and characterization of digestive aspartic proteases from the fish Caranx hippos (Linnaeus, 1766)
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Silva, J. A. F.

; Silva, M. K. S.

; Silva, T. A.

; Costa, L. D. A.

; Leal, M. L. E.

; Bezerra, R. S.

; Costa, H. M. S.

; Freitas-Júnior, A. C. V.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2022, Volume 82 elocation e234500

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Este trabalho objetivou obter proteases aspárticas de interesse industrial e biotecnológico a partir do estômago do peixe xaréu (Caranx hippos). Para isso, foi obtido um extrato bruto do estômago, o qual foi submetido a uma purificação parcial por salting-out onde se obteve o extrato enzimático (EE). As proteases do EE foram caracterizadas físico-quimicamente e através de zimograma. Além disso, o efeito de agentes químicos sobre sua atividade também foi avaliado. Através de salting-out foi possível obter uma purificação de 1,6 vezes com rendimento de 49,4%. Foram observadas duas proteases ácidas presentes no EE através de zimograma. A temperatura ótima e a estabilidade térmica para as proteases ácidas do EE foram de 55 ºC e 45 °C, respectivamente. O pH ótimo e a estabilidade ao pH encontrados para estas enzimas foram o pH 1,5 e 7,0, respectivamente. Observou-se a inibição total da atividade proteolítica ácida do EE na presença de pepstatina A. O ditiotreitol (DTT) e o Ca2+ não promoveram efeito significativo na atividade enzimática. Na presença de metais pesados, como Al3+, Cd2+ e Hg2+, o EE manteve mais de 70% de atividade enzimática do EE. Os resultados mostram que é possível obter, a partir do estômago de C. hippos, proteases aspárticas com alta atividade proteolítica e características que demonstram potencial para aplicações industriais e biotecnológicas.

Abstract This work aimed to obtain aspartic proteases of industrial and biotechnological interest from the stomach of the crevalle jack fish (Caranx hippos). In order to do so, a crude extract (CE) of the stomach was obtained and subjected to a partial purification by salting-out, which resulted in the enzyme extract (EE) obtainment. EE proteases were characterized physicochemically and by means of zymogram. In addition, the effect of chemical agents on their activity was also assessed. By means of salting-out it was possible to obtain a purification of 1.6 times with a yield of 49.4%. Two acid proteases present in the EE were observed in zymogram. The optimum temperature and thermal stability for EE acidic proteases were 55 ºC and 45 °C, respectively. The optimum pH and pH stability found for these enzymes were pH 1.5 and 7.0, respectively. Total inhibition of EE acid proteolytic activity was observed in the presence of pepstatin A. dithiothreitol (DTT) and Ca2+ did not promote a significant effect on enzyme activity. In the presence of heavy metals, such as Al3+, Cd2+ and Hg2+, EE acidic proteases showed more than 70% of their enzymatic activity. The results show that it is possible to obtain, from the stomach of C. hippos, aspartic proteases with high proteolytic activity and characteristics that demonstrate potential for industrial and biotechnological applications.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.234500 183 downloads

Carangoides bartholomaei (Cuvier, 1833) stomach: a source of aspartic proteases for industrial and biotechnological applications
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Silva, M. K. S.

; Silva, T. A.

; Silva, J. A. F.

; Costa, L. D. A.

; Leal, M. L. E.

; Bezerra, R. S.

; Costa, H. M. S.

; Freitas-Júnior, A. C. V.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2022, Volume 82 elocation e234413

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo As vísceras e outros resíduos do processamento de peixes são geralmente descartados pela indústria pesqueira. Esses resíduos podem ser uma fonte de enzimas digestivas com potencial industrial e biotecnológico. Neste estudo, objetivamos a extração, caracterização e aplicação de proteases aspárticas do estômago de Carangoides bartholomaei (Cuvier, 1833). Um extrato bruto do estômago foi obtido e submetido a um processo de purificação parcial, que obteve um Extrato Purificado (EP) com uma atividade proteolítica específica de 54,0 U⋅mg-1. Foi obtida uma purificação de 1,9 vezes e um rendimento de 41%. O EP apresenta duas isoformas de proteases ácidas e atividade proteolítica máxima a 45 °C e pH 2,0. A atividade proteolítica do EP foi estável na faixa de pH de 1,5 a 7,0 e temperatura de 25 °C a 50 °C. O EP manteve 35% de sua atividade proteolítica na presença de NaCl a 15% (m/v), mas foi totalmente inibida pela pepstatina A. As proteases ácidas do EP apresentaram alta atividade na presença de metais pesados como o Cd2+, Hg2+, Pb2+, Al3+ e Cu2+. A utilização de EP como aditivo enzimático na extração de colágeno a partir de escamas de tilápia do Nilo dobrou o rendimento do processo. Os resultados indicam um potencial dessas proteases para aplicações industriais e biotecnológicas

Abstract The viscera and other residues from fish processing are commonly discarded by the fishing industry. These by-products can be a source of digestive enzymes with industrial and biotechnological potential. In this study, we aimed at the extraction, characterization, and application of acidic proteases from the stomach of Carangoides bartholomaei (Cuvier, 1833). A crude extract from the stomachs was obtained and submitted to a partial purification process by salting-out, which obtained a Purified Extract (PE) with a specific proteolytic activity of 54.0 U⋅mg-1. A purification of 1.9 fold and a yield of 41% were obtained. The PE presents two isoforms of acidic proteases and a maximum proteolytic activity at 45 °C and pH 2.0. The PE acidic proteolytic activity was stable in the pH range of 1.5 to 7.0 and temperature from 25 °C to 50 °C. Purified Extract kept 35% of its proteolytic activity at the presence of NaCl 15% (m/v) but was totally inhibited by pepstatin A. Purified Extract aspartic proteases presented high activity in the presence of heavy metals such as Cd2+, Hg2+, Pb2+, Al3+, and Cu2+. The utilization of PE as an enzymatic addictive in the collagen extraction from Nile tilapia scales has doubled the process yield. The results indicate the potential of these aspartic proteases for industrial and biotechnological applications.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.234413 172 downloads

La laparotomía de control de daños en pacientes sin trauma reduce el número de ostomías
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Meléndez, Juan José

; Orlas, Claudia Patricia

; Herrera-Escobar, Juan Pablo

; Guzmán, Mónica

; Alcázar, Kimberly

; Martínez, Juan José

; Martínez, María Fernanda

; Villegas, Juan Pablo

; Serna, José J.

; Salcedo, Alexander

; Leal, Leonel

; Angamarca, Edison

; Ordóñez, Juliana

; García, Alberto F.

; Parra, Michael W.

; Ordóñez, Carlos A.

Revista Colombiana de Cirugía

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sep 2020, Volume 35 N. 3 Pages 455 - 463

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Introducción. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar si la laparotomía de control de daños con ligadura y reconstrucción intestinal diferida, en pacientes con peritonitis secundaria a compromiso de víscera hueca, reduce el número de ostomías. Métodos. Se incluyeron todos los pacientes menores de 18 años de edad que ingresaron a la clínica con sospecha de peritonitis de origen no traumático y que se sometieron a laparotomía entre enero del 2003 y diciembre del 2018. Se evaluaron las características sociodemográficas, comorbilidades, escalas de gravedad fisiológica, técnicas de reconstrucción intestinal y resultados clínicos. Resultados. Se incluyeron 306 pacientes, distribuidos en tres grupos: 1) 120 (39,2 %) sometidos a resección y anastomosis, 2) 87 (28,4 %) sometidos a ostomía y 3) 99 (32,3 %) sometidos inicialmente a ligadura intestinal. Los pacientes sometidos a ligadura intestinal presentaron mayor compromiso fisiológico al ingreso a la unidad de cuidado intensivo, con puntuación APACHE 11: 14 (rango intercuartílico, RIC=10-18) en el grupo 1, 13 (RIC=11-18) en el grupo 2, y 18 (RIC=14-24) en el grupo 3 (p<0,01). Sin embargo, más de la mitad se reconstruyeron en la siguiente laparotomía: anastomosis mecánica (16/99; 16,1 %), anastomosis manual (49/99; 49,5 %), ostomía (34/99; 34,3 %). Además, estos pacientes sometidos a ligadura intestinal tuvieron un número significativamente mayor de nuevas laparotomías, y de días de asistencia respiratoria mecánica, de estancia en la unidad de cuidado intensivo y de estancia hospitalaria. No hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la mortalidad entre los subgrupos: (grupo 1=19 (15,8 %), grupo 2=16 (18,4 %), grupo 3=19 (19,2 %) (p=o,79). Conclusión. En este estudio, se logró evitar la ostomía como técnica de reconstrucción definitiva en más de la mitad de los pacientes con peritonitis que se sometieron a laparotomía de control de daños con ligadura intestinal.

Abstract Introduction. The objective of this study was to evaluate if the damage control laparotomy with ligation and delayed intestinal reconstruction (DR), in patients with peritonitis secondary to compromised hollow viscera, reduces the number of ostomies. Methods. All patients under 18 years of age who entered the clinic with suspected non-traumatic peritonitis and who underwent laparotomy between January 2003 and December 2018 were included. Sociodemographic characteristics, comorbidities, severity scales physiological, intestinal reconstruction techniques and clinical results were evaluated. Results. A total of 306 patients were included, divided into three groups: 1) 120 (39.2 %) underwent resection and anastomosis, 2) 87 (28.4 %) underwent ostomy, and 3) 99 (32.3 %) underwent initial to intestinal ligation. Patients undergoing intestinal ligation presented greater physiological compromise upon admission to the intensive care unit, with an APACHE II score: 14 (interquartile range, IQR= 10-18) in group 1, 13 (IQR = 11-18) in the group 2, and 18 (IQR = 14-24) in group 3 (p<0.01). However, more than half were reconstructed in the following laparotomy: mechanical anastomosis (16/99; 16.1 %), manual anastomosis (49/99; 49.5 %), ostomy (34/99; 34.3 %). Also, they had a significantly greater number of new laparotomies, and of days of mechanical respiratory assistance, of stay in the intensive care unit and of hospital stay. There were no statistically significant differences in mortality between the subgroups: group 1= 19 (15.8 %), group 2= 16 (18.4 %), group 3= 19 (19.2 %) (p= 0.79). Conclusion. In this study, it was possible to avoid the ostomy as the definitive reconstruction technique in more than half of the patients with peritonitis who underwent damage control laparotomy with intestinal ligation.

https://doi.org/10.30944/20117582.727 203 downloads

A Tribute to a Master: Professor Domingo M. Braile
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Gomes, Walter J.

; Leal, João Carlos F.

Brazilian Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery

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jun 2020, Volume 35 N. 3 Pages I - VI

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.21470/1678-9741-1-2020-0606 174 downloads

Nitrogen and mepiquat chloride can affect fiber quality and cotton yield
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Leal, Aguinaldo J. F.

; Piati, Gabriel L.

; Leite, Rafael C.

; Zanella, Mayara S.

; Osorio, Christian R. W. S.

; Lima, Sebastião F.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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apr 2020, Volume 24 N. 4 Pages 238 - 243

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O uso do cloreto de mepiquat (CM) no cultivo de algodão (Gossypium hirsutum L.) aumentou significativamente nos últimos anos. O uso do CM, um regulador de crescimento, resulta em maior precocidade e menor altura e, consequentemente, aumento da produtividade e redução dos custos da cultura. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os efeitos de doses de nitrogênio e CM sobre a qualidade da fibra e produtividade do algodoeiro. O estudo foi conduzido nas safras 2012/13 e 2013/14, na área experimental da Fundação de Apoio à Pesquisa Agropecuária de Chapadão, em Chapadão do Sul, MS, a 18o 48’ 45,9” S, 52o 36’ 3” W, com altitude de 820 m. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial 5 x 4, correspondendo a cinco doses de N (0, 40, 80, 120, 160 kg ha-1) e quatro doses de CM (0, 50, 100, 150 mL ha-1) com quatro repetições. As avaliações realizadas para análises da qualidade da fibra foram: comprimento, uniformidade, elongação, resistência, índice micronaire, reflectância, graus de amarelecimento e conteúdo de fibras curtas. Para a produtividade do algodão foram feitas análises de índice de cor verde (ICV), altura de plantas no momento da colheita e produtividade do algodão em caroço. Os melhores resultados em qualidade de fibras e produtividade ocorrem com a aplicação de 76,8 mL ha-1 de CM no algodoeiro quando a dose de N é maior que 80 kg ha-1. Doses crescentes de N causam aumento na produtividade de algodão e no índice micronaire, porém há uma diminuição na uniformidade de fibras.

ABSTRACT The use of mepiquat chloride (MC) in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivation has increased significantly in recent years. The use of MC, a growth regulator, results in higher precocity and lower height and consequently increases yield and reduces crop costs. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of nitrogen (N) and MC doses on fiber quality and cotton yield. This study was conducted during the 2012/13 and 2013/14 harvests in the experimental area of the Fundação de Apoio à Pesquisa Agropecuária de Chapadão, located in the municipality of Chapadão do Sul, MS, Brazil, at 18° 48’ 45.9” S, 52° 36’ 3” W, having an altitude of 820 m. The experimental design was a randomized blocks in a 5 × 4 factorial scheme comprised of five N doses (0, 40, 80, 120, 160 kg ha-1) and four MC doses (0, 50, 100, 150 mL ha-1) with four repetitions. Analyses of fiber quality included: length, uniformity, elongation, strength, micronaire index, reflectance, yellowing degrees and short fiber content. Regarding cotton yield, green color index (GCI), plant height at harvest time, and cotton seed yield were determined. The best results for fiber quality and productivity occurr with the application of 76.8 mL ha-1 of MC to the cotton crops when the N dose is greater than 80 kg ha-1. Increasing N doses causes an increase in cotton yield and micronaire index, but there is a decrease in fiber uniformity.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v24n4p238-243 831 downloads

Mortality in adolescents and young adults with chronic diseases during 16 years: a study in a Latin American tertiary hospital
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Ramos, Gabriel F.

; Ribeiro, Vanessa P.

; Mercadante, Mariana P.

; Ribeiro, Maira P.

; Delgado, Artur F.

; Farhat, Sylvia C.L.

; Leal, Marta M.

; Marques, Heloisa H.

; Odone-Filho, Vicente

; Tannuri, Uenis

; Carvalho, Werther B.

; Grisi, Sandra J.

; Carneiro-Sampaio, Magda

; Silva, Clovis A.

Jornal de Pediatria

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dec 2019, Volume 95 N. 6 Pages 667 - 673

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivos: Avaliar a mortalidade entre adolescentes e pacientes adultos jovens com doenças crônicas acompanhados em um hospital terciário na América Latina. Métodos: Foi feito um estudo retrospectivo transversal em um hospital terciário/universitário no Estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Houve mortalidade de 529/2.850(18,5%) pacientes adolescentes e adultos jovens com doenças crônicas, porém 25/529(4,7%) foram excluídos devido a prontuários médicos incompletos. Portanto, foram avaliados 504 óbitos. Resultados: Ocorrem 316/504(63%) óbitos entre pacientes no início da adolescência e 188/504(37%) pacientes no fim da adolescência/adultos jovens. As comparações adicionais entre os pacientes no início da adolescência (n = 316) e no fim da adolescência/pacientes jovens (n = 188) com doenças crônicas pediátricas na última internação mostraram que a duração média da doença [22,0 (0-173) em comparação com 43,0 (0-227) meses, p < 0,001], foi significativamente menor nos pacientes no início da adolescência em comparação com os pacientes no fim da adolescência/adultos jovens. O número médio de internação anterior foi significativamente menor no primeiro grupo [4,0 (1-45) em comparação com 6,0 (1-52), p < 0,001], ao passo que a última internação na unidade de terapia intensiva foi significativamente maior (60% em comparação com 47%, p = 0,003). Com relação a medidas de suporte, o cuidado paliativo foi significativamente menor no grupo de pacientes no início da adolescência em comparação com o grupo de pacientes no fim da adolescência (33% em comparação com 43%, p = 0,02). As frequências de terapia de substituição renal (22% em comparação com 13%, p = 0,02), agentes vasoativos (65% em comparação com 54%, p = 0,01) e transfusão de hemoderivados (75% em comparação com 66%, p = 0,03) foram significativamente maiores no primeiro grupo. As cinco etiologias mais importantes de doenças crônicas pediátricas foram: neoplasias (54,2%), doenças hepáticas/transplante (10%), vírus da imunodeficiência humana (5,9%), lúpus eritematoso sistêmico de início na infância e artrite idiopática juvenil (4,9%). Foi feita autópsia em 58/504 (11%) e a discordância entre os diagnósticos clínico e pós-morte foi comprovada em 24/58 (41,3%). Conclusões: Quase 20% dos óbitos ocorreram em adolescentes e adultos jovens com diferentes padrões de cuidados de suporte e doenças graves. A discordância entre o diagnóstico clínico e a necropsia foi frequentemente observada.

ABSTRACT Objectives: To evaluate mortality in adolescents and young adult patients with chronic diseases followed in a Latin American tertiary hospital. Methods: A cross-sectional retrospective study was performed in a tertiary/academic hospital in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Death occurred in 529/2850 (18.5%) adolescents and young adult patients with chronic diseases, and 25/529 (4.7%) were excluded due to incomplete medical charts. Therefore, 504 deaths were evaluated. Results: Deaths occurred in 316/504 (63%) of early adolescent patients and in 188/504 (37%) of late adolescent/young adult patients. Further comparisons between early adolescents (n = 316) and late adolescent/young adult patients (n = 188) with pediatric chronic diseases at the last hospitalization showed that the median disease duration (22.0 [0-173] vs. 43.0 [0-227] months, p < 0.001) was significantly lower in early adolescents vs. late adolescent/young adult patients. The median number of previous hospitalizations was significantly lower in the former group (4.0 [1-45] vs. 6.0 [1-52], p < 0.001), whereas the last hospitalization in intensive care unit was significantly higher (60% vs. 47%, p = 0.003). Regarding supportive measures, palliative care was significantly lower in the younger group compared to the older group (33% vs. 43%, p = 0.02). The frequencies of renal replacement therapy (22% vs. 13%, p = 0.02), vasoactive agents (65% vs. 54%, p = 0.01), and transfusion of blood products (75% vs. 66%, p = 0.03) were significantly higher in the younger group. The five most important etiologies of pediatric chronic diseases were: neoplasias (54.2%), hepatic diseases/transplantation (10%), human immunodeficiency virus (5.9%), and childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (4.9%). Autopsy was performed in 58/504 (11%), and discordance between clinical and postmortem diagnoses was evidenced in 24/58 (41.3%). Conclusions: Almost 20% of deaths occurred in adolescents and young adults with distinct supportive care and severe disease patterns. Discordance between clinical diagnosis and autopsy was frequently observed.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2018.06.006 898 downloads

10.

Intestinal failure functional classification type associated with an extended length of stay at the intestinal failure unit, Central Hospital in Chihuahua, Mexico
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Enriquez-Sánchez, Luis B.

; Carrillo-Gorena, Marco J.

; Granados-Aldaz, Laura A.

; Balderrama-Miramontes, Luis F.

; Gallegos-Portillo, Luis G.

; Reza-Leal, Cristina N.

; González-Villa, Abisag

; Fernández-Villalobos, Karla

Cirugía y cirujanos

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oct 2019, Volume 87 N. 5 Pages 559 - 563

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Background: Intestinal failure (IF) was first defined as "a reduction in the functioning gut mass below the minimal amount necessary for adequate digestion and absorption." In our environment, there are no statistical data for IF in adult patients' extended length of stay (LOS), nor the economic impact that it implies. Objective: The objective of the study was to describe the association between the IF type and extended LOS. Methods: Patients admitted to our IF Unit between March 2016 and March 2018 were enrolled. We conducted a 2-year retrospective cross-sectional study. Results: From the total of 53 patients, 35% corresponded to type I IF, 58.5% to type II IF, and 7.5% to type III IF. The mean LOS, according to the type of functional IF was 51 days for type I, 77.48 days for type II, and 68.25 days for type III. The mean LOS for the three IF types was 67.79 days. Conclusion: Extended LOS occurs in an important proportion of patients with IF, resulting in increased morbidity and mortality, as well as in costs and associated side effects. Future research should focus on economic studies, to know the economic impact that this subject entails for our health systems.

Resumen Antecedentes: En nuestro entorno no existen datos estadísticos sobre la falla intestinal en adultos, su estancia hospitalaria prolongada (EHP) ni el impacto económico que implica. Objetivo: Describir la asociación entre el tipo de falla intestinal y la estancia hospitalaria prolongada en pacientes de la unidad de falla intestinal del Hospital Central del Estado Chihuahua, México. Método: Se realizó un estudio transversal retrospectivo con un total de 53 participantes durante el periodo de marzo de 2016 a marzo de 2018 Resultados: De los 53 pacientes, el 35% tuvieron falla intestinal tipo I, el 58.5% tipo II y el 7.5% tipo III. La media de estancia fue de 51 días para la falla intestinal tipo I, 77,48 días para la tipo II y 68,25 días para la tipo III. La media de estancia hospitalaria para los tres tipos de insuficiencia intestinal fue de 67,79 días. Conclusiones: La estancia hospitalaria prolongada ocurre en una proporción importante de pacientes con falla intestinal, lo que resulta en un aumento de la morbilidad, la mortalidad y los costos. Investigaciones futuras deberían centrarse en la realización de estudios económicos para conocer el impacto que esta cuestión tiene para nuestros sistemas de salud.

https://doi.org/10.24875/ciru.19000767 4 downloads

11.

Modulation of argon pressure as an option to control transmittance and resistivity of ZnO:Al films deposited by DC magnetron sputtering: on the dark yellow films at 10-7 Torr base pressures
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García-Valenzuela, J.A.

; Cabrera-German, D.

; Cota-Leal, M.

; Suárez-Campos, G.

; Martínez-Gil, M.

; Romo-García, F.

; Baez-Gaxiola, M.R.

; Sotelo-Lerma, M.

; Andreu, J.

; Bertomeu, J.

Revista mexicana de física

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dec 2018, Volume 64 N. 6 Pages 566 - 576

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract In a previous paper, we reported that thin films of ZnO:Al [aluminum-zinc oxide (AZO)] deposited after achieving a very low base pressure [from 4.0 × 10 - 7 Torr ( 5.6 × 10 - 5 Pa) to 5.7 × 10 - 7 Torr ( 7.6 × 10 - 5 Pa)] result dark yellow in color and are resistive. These are undesirable characteristics for the application of AZO thin films as front electrodes in solar cells. However, given the increasingly tendency in the acquisition of equipment that allows us to reach excellent vacuum levels, it is necessary to find the deposition conditions that lead to an improving of transmittance without greatly impacting the electrical properties of materials deposited after achieving these levels of vacuum. In this way, the present work is focused on AZO thin films deposited after achieving a very low base pressure value: 4.2 × 10 - 7 Torr ( 5.6 × 10 - 5 Pa). For this, we studied the effect of the variation of the oxygen volume percent in the argon/oxygen mixture (by maintaining the deposition pressure constant) and the effect of deposition pressure with only argon gas on the main properties of AZO thin films. The depositions were done at room temperature on glass substrates by direct-current magnetron sputtering with a power of 120 W (corresponding to a power density of 2.63 W/cm2). As a result, we found that the variation of deposition pressure with only argon gas is a good option for the control of optical and electrical properties, since the addition of oxygen, although improves transmittance, greatly impacts on the electrical properties. Furthermore, an interesting correlation was found between the optical and electrical properties and the chemical composition of the AZO films, the latter depending on the argon pressure (for this, a careful X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis was performed). Also, the inverse relationship between crystallinity and deposition rate was confirmed, in which deposition rate inversely depends on argon pressure.

https://doi.org/10.31349/revmexfis.64.566 270 downloads

12.

Polyploidy as a chromosomal component of stochastic noise: variable scalar multiples of the diploid chromosome complement in the invertebrate species Girardia schubarti from Brazil
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Benya, E. G. F.

; Leal-Zanchet, A. M.

; Hauser, J.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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nov 2017, Volume 77 N. 4 Pages 745 - 751

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo A estequiometria cromossômica, uma forma de plasticidade genotípica, representa variações na composição genômica diploide de um indivíduo ou espécie. Planárias límnicas (Girardia schubarti) foram analisadas para verificar a estequiometria cromossômica, especialmente alterações na ploidia entre espécimes, em cada espécime e entre células do mesmo espécime, além de relações dessas alterações com a plasticidade fenotípica. Espécimes poliploides homoploides apresentaram múltiplos escalares racionais ou irracionais, tais como triploides. Mosaicos cariotípicos ocorreram quando células apresentaram poliploides múltiplos em progressões aritméticas e geométricas. Nas planárias estudadas, a multiplicidade ploidal, um componente cromossômico de ruído estocástico, apresentou efeitos fenotípicos positivos, causando aumento das dimensões dos indivíduos, tais como comprimento corporal, largura do corpo e superfície dorsal, indicando plasticidade genotípica (GP) significativa e plasticidade fenotípica (PP) robusta. Associações significativas da plasticidade genotípica com variâncias fenotípicas robustas, embora variáveis, sugerem que a homeostase fenotípica, a qual é espécie-específica, possibilita adaptações a variáveis ambientais através da GP. Tal associação apresenta-se reduzida, desativada ou perdida em organismos mais complexos.

Abstract Chromosome stoichiometry, a form of genetic plasticity, specifically refers to variation in the standard diploid genomic composition of an individual or species. In the present work, freshwater planarians (Girardia schubarti) were analyzed to recognize variations in chromosomal stoichiometry especially of complete ploidal change between specimens, within specimens and between cells within specimens and any relations they might have with selected components of phenotypic plasticity. Homoploid polyploids for the group reached rational scalar multiples (e.g. tetraploids) or irrational scalar multiples (e.g. triploids). Karyotypic mosaics emerged where individual cells presented polyploid multiples in arithmetic and geometric progressions. Ploidal multiplicity, a chromosomal component of stochastic noise, had positive phenotypic effects (increased dimensions) on morphologic criteria of body length, body width and dorsal surface reflecting a significant genotypic plasticity (GP) and robust phenotypic plasticity (PP). Variable but significant association of genotypic plasticity with robust phenotypic variance suggests kinetics of phenotypic homeostasis that is species-specific permitting phenotypic adaptability to environmental variables by means of GP. That association is diminished, deactivated or lost in more advanced and more complex organisms.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.20615 992 downloads

13.

Relación entre la composición química de la semilla y la calidad de aceite de doce accesiones de Ricinus communis L.
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Vasco-Leal, José F.

; Hernández-Rios, Ismael

; Méndez-Gallegos, S. de J.

; Ventura-Ramos, Eusebio Jr.

; Cuellar-Núñez, M. L.

; Mosquera-Artamonov, José D.

Revista mexicana de ciencias agrícolas

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sep 2017, Volume 8 N. 6 Pages 1343 - 1356

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Castorbean (Ricinus communis L.) is a plant that has generated great interest worldwide due to the oil content extracted from the seed, it can be used in biofuel production, pharmaceutical and cosmetic products, among others. However, in México few studies describe the chemical characteristics of the seed and its oil. The aim of this paper was to determine the proximal chemical composition and oil quality of twelve accessions of R. communis from the states of Aguascalientes, Jalisco, San Luis Potosí and Zacatecas, collected in 2013. A proximal chemical analysis was performed following the techniques recommended by the AOAC (2002) and the quality of the oil was determined by parameters such as viscosity, density, acidity index (IA) and percentage of free fatty acids (%AGL). The data obtained showed that there is significant difference (p< 0.05), in the chemical composition and oil quality, except for the accessions density. SLPS11C1 showed higher oil content (51.04 ±0.44%) and protein (16.02 ±0.36%), while JAL3C1 had a higher crude fiber average (21.15 ±0.16%). AGSS2C1 showed higher viscosity (265.84 ±2.54 mm² s-1) and SLPS11C1 a lower IA (0.5415 ±0.0168 mgKOH g-1) and (%) AGL (0.0272 ±0.0008%). The results suggest that SLPS11C1 and AGSS2C1 are useful accessions for agroindustrial production. However, it must be taken into account that phenological factors may affect the chemical composition of the seed and the quality of the oil independently to the place of origin.

Resumen La higuerilla (Ricinus communis L.) es una planta que ha generado gran interés a nivel mundial debido al contenido de aceite extraído de la semilla, éste puede ser utilizado en la producción de biocombustibles, productos farmacéuticos y cosmetológicos, entre otros. No obstante, en México pocos estudios describen las características químicas de la semilla y su aceite. El objetivo de este trabajo, fue determinar la composición químico proximal y la calidad del aceite de doce accesiones de R. communis provenientes de los estados de Aguascalientes, Jalisco, San Luis Potosí y Zacatecas, colectados en el año 2013. Se realizó análisis químico proximal siguiendo las técnicas recomendadas por la AOAC (2002) y se determinó la calidad del aceite mediante parámetros como: viscosidad, densidad, índice de acidez (IA) y porcentaje de ácidos grasos libres (%AGL). Los datos obtenidos evidenciaron que existe diferencia significativa (p< 0.05), en la composición química y calidad de aceite, excepto densidad para las accesiones evaluadas. SLPS11C1 presentó mayor contenido de aceite (51.04 ±0.44%) y proteína (16.02 ±0.36%), mientras JAL3C1 posee promedio mayor de fibra cruda (21.15 ±0.16%). AGSS2C1 reportó mayor viscosidad (265.84 ±2.54 mm² s-1) y SLPS11C1 un menor IA (0.5415 ±0.0168 mgKOH g-1) y (%) AGL (0.0272 ±0.0008%). Los resultados sugieren que SLPS11C1 y AGSS2C1 son accesiones útiles para la producción agroindustrial. Sin embargo, se debe tener en cuenta que factores fenológicos pueden afectar la composición química de la semilla y la calidad del aceite de manera independiente al lugar de procedencia.

3194 downloads

14.

3rd Guideline for Perioperative Cardiovascular Evaluation of the Brazilian Society of Cardiology
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Gualandro, Danielle Menosi

; Yu, Pai Ching

; Caramelli, Bruno

; Marques, André Coelho

; Calderaro, Daniela

; Fornari, Luciana Savoy

; Pinho, Claudio

; Feitosa, Alina Coutinho Rodrigues

; Polanczyk, Carisi Anne

; Rochitte, Carlos Eduardo

; Jardim, Carlos

; Vieira, Carolina L. Z.

; Nakamura, Debora Y. M.

; Iezzi, Denise

; Schreen, Dirk

; Adam, Eduardo Leal

; D’Amico, Elbio Antonio

; Lima, Emerson Q. de

; Burdmann, Emmanuel de Almeida

; Mateo, Enrique Indalecio Pachón

; Marcondes-Braga, Fabiana Goulart

; Machado, Fabio S.

; Paula, Flavio J. de

; Carmo, Gabriel Assis Lopes do

; Feitosa-Filho, Gilson Soares

; Prado, Gustavo Faibischew

; Lopes, Heno Ferreira

; Fernandes, João R. C.

; Lima, José J. G. de

; Sacilotto, Luciana

; Drager, Luciano Ferreira

; Vacanti, Luciano Janussi

; Rohde, Luis Eduardo Paim

; Prada, Luis F. L.

; Gowdak, Luis Henrique Wolff

; Vieira, Marcelo Luiz Campos

; Monachini, Maristela Camargo

; Macatrão-Costa, Milena Frota

; Paixão, Milena Ribeiro

; Oliveira Junior, Mucio Tavares de

; Cury, Patricia

; Villaça, Paula R.

; Farsky, Pedro Silvio

; Siciliano, Rinaldo F.

; Heinisch, Roberto Henrique

; Souza, Rogerio

; Gualandro, Sandra F.M.

; Accorsi, Tarso Augusto Duenhas

; Mathias Júnior, Wilson

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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sep 2017, Volume 109 N. 3 Pages 1 - 104

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.5935/abc.20170140 100302 downloads

15.

Pasteurizador de leche para la elaboración de suero costeño
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Tirado, D. F.

; Yacub, B.

; Cajal, J. V.

; Murillo, L.

; Leal, R. F.

; Franco, M. Y.

; Escobar, B. M.

; Acevedo, D.

Entre Ciencia e Ingeniería

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jun 2017, Volume 11 N. 21 Pages 36 - 41

Abstract: Es En Pt | Text: Es En Pt | PDF: Es | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Resumen: El proceso de pasteurización consiste en el calentamiento de líquidos hasta una temperatura que permita la eliminación de microorganismos patógenos, y de esta forma, extender el tiempo de vida útil del producto. El prototipo pasteurizador automático de leche como primera etapa en la línea de producción de suero costeño es un aporte para pequeños productores que elaboran suero costeño a partir de leche cruda, que por normatividades establecidas en materia de salubridad e inocuidad se han visto afectados en la comercialización y venta de productos que no cumplen con las especificaciones técnicas exigidas. El objetivo de este trabajo fue el de diseñar y construir un equipo de pasteurización lenta. El prototipo contó con motor agitador, sensores de temperatura de estado sólido (LM35), sensor de nivel de ultrasonido (SRF05), sistema de control y sistema de visualización de las respuestas emitidas por los dispositivos.

Abstract: The pasteurization process consists on heating liquids until a temperature that allows the elimination of pathogenic microorganisms, and in this way, extend the shelf life of the product. The automatic milk pasteurization prototype as the first stage in the production line of sour cream is a contribution for small producers who make sour cream from raw milk, which by established regulations in matters of health and safety have been affected in the commercialization and sale of products that do not comply with the required technical specifications. The objective of this work was to design and build a slow pasteurizing equipment. The prototype was equipped with an agitator motor, solid state temperature sensors (LM35), ultrasonic level sensor (SRF05), control system and system of visualization of the responses emitted by the devices.

Resumo: O processo de pasteurização consiste no aquecimento de líquidos até alcançar uma temperatura que permita a eliminação de microrganismos patógenos, e assim, alargar o tempo de vida útil do produto. O protótipo pasteurizador automático do leite como primeira etapa na linha de produção de soro costeiro é uma contribuição para pequenos produtores que elaboram soro costeiro a partir do leite bruto, que por normatividades estabelecidas em matéria de sanidade e inocuidade foram afetados na comercialização e na venda de produtos que não cumprem com as especificações técnicas exigidas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenhar e construir um equipamento de pasteurização lenta. O protótipo contou com um motor agitador, sensores de temperatura de estado sólido (LM35), sensor de nível de ultrassom (SRF05), sistema de controle e sistema de visualização das respostas emitidas pelos dispositivos.

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