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1.
COVID-19 Infection Changes the Functions and Morphology of Erythrocytes: A Multidisciplinary Study
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Sales, Marcos V. S.
; Tanabe, Eloiza L. L.
; Maciel, Thamilla M. S.
; Tavares, Maria C.
; Leal, Juliana G. C.
; Pinto, Larissa S.
; Pires, Keyla S. N.
; Coelho, Jorge A. P. M.
; Silva, Elaine C. O.
; Souza, Samuel T.
; Fonseca, Eduardo J. S.
; Fragoso, Thiago S.
; Aquino, Thiago M.
; Borbely, Alexandre U.
; Rocha, Ueslen
; Santos, Josué C. C.
; Leite, Ana Catarina R.
.
Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society
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Hematological problems are associated with Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Respiratory impairment is the higher point studied, although without experimental studies related to the oxygen transport performed by erythrocytes. Therefore, we decided to investigate if erythrocytes from COVID-19 patients have their functionality changed. The case-control study included hospitalized patients with a positive real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) result admitted to University Hospital. Volunteers (negative RT-PCR results) were recruited as a control group. Thus, we assessed different erythrocytes parameters, oxidative stress markers, and biophysical studies using whole blood and isolated hemoglobin. We found a decrease of 51% in oxygen uptake and reduced antioxidant enzyme activity in COVID-19 patients compared to controls. Raman spectrometry showed structural changes in the hemoglobin and lipids of the erythrocytes from COVID-19 patients; thus, these results were consolidated with an increase in Young’s modulus in erythrocytes followed by morphology changes. Besides, isolated hemoglobin from COVID-19 patients has a distinct interaction profile using a ligand model compared to the control. COVID-19 leads to structural, functional, and morphological damage to human erythrocytes. Our data showed structural and molecular changes and induction of oxidative stress in erythrocytes by COVID-19, a new perspective on the contribution of erythrocytes to a respiratory commitment in COVID-19.
2.
Toxicity and larvicidal activity on Aedes aegypti of citronella essential oil submitted to enzymatic esterification
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Cansian, R. L.
; Staudt, A.
; Bernardi, J. L.
; Puton, B. M. S.
; Oliveira, D.
; de Oliveira, J. V.
; Gomes, A. C. C.
; Andrade, B. C. O. P.
; Leal, I. C. R.
; Simas, N. K.
; Zeni, J.
; Jungues, A.
; Dallago, R. M.
; Backes, G. T.
; Paroul, N.
.
Resumo O óleo essencial de citronela (Cymbopogon winterianus) possui diversas atividades biológicas, entre elas a ação repelente a insetos. Alguns estudos mostraram que os ésteres do ácido cinâmico podem ser aplicados como pesticidas naturais, inseticidas e fungicidas. Nesse contexto, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a produção de ésteres a partir do óleo essencial de citronela com ácido cinâmico via esterificação enzimática. Além disso, foi investigada a toxicidade do óleo essencial antes e após a esterificação contra Artemia salina e a ação larvicida sobre Aedes aegypti. Os ésteres foram produzidos utilizando ácido cinâmico como agente acilante e óleo essencial de citronela (3: 1) em heptano e 15% em peso da enzima NS 88011 como biocatalisadores, a 70 ° C e 150 rpm. As taxas de conversão de cinamatos de citronelil e geranil foram 58,7 e 69,0% para NS 88011, respectivamente. Para a toxicidade sobre Artemia salina foram obtidos CL50 de 5,29 μg mL-1 para o óleo essencial e 4,36 μg mL-1 para os óleos esterificados com NS 88011. Na atividade inseticida contra larvas de Aedes aegypti, obteve-se CL50 de 111,84 μg mL-1 para o óleo essencial de citronela e 86,30 μg mL-1 para os óleos esterificados com a enzima NS 88011, indicando alta toxicidade dos ésteres. Os resultados demonstraram que as amostras avaliadas apresentam potencial de aplicação como bioinseticida.
Abstract The essential oil of citronella (Cymbopogon winterianus) has several biological activities, among them the insect repellent action. Some studies showed that cinnamic acid esters can be applied as natural pesticides, insecticides and fungicides. In this context, the objective of the present work was to evaluate the production of esters from citronella essential oil with cinnamic acid via enzymatic esterification. Besides, the essential oil toxicity before and after esterification against Artemia salina and larvicidal action on Aedes aegypti was investigated. Esters were produced using cinnamic acid as the acylating agent and citronella essential oil (3:1) in heptane and 15 wt% NS 88011 enzyme as biocatalysts, at 70 °C and 150 rpm. Conversion rates of citronellyl and geranyl cinnamates were 58.7 and 69.0% for NS 88011, respectively. For the toxicity to Artemia salina LC50 results of 5.29 μg mL-1 were obtained for the essential oil and 4.36 μg mL-1 for the esterified oils obtained with NS 88011. In the insecticidal activity against Aedes aegypti larvae, was obtained LC50 of 111.84 μg mL-1 for the essential oil of citronella and 86.30 μg mL-1 for the esterified oils obtained with the enzyme NS 88011, indicating high toxicity of the esters. The results demonstrated that the evaluated samples present potential of application as bioinsecticide.
https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.244647
362 downloads
3.
Synthesizing the connections between environmental disturbances and zoonotic spillover
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ELLWANGER, JOEL HENRIQUE
; FEARNSIDE, PHILIP MARTIN
; ZILIOTTO, MARINA
; VALVERDE-VILLEGAS, JACQUELINE MARÍA
; VEIGA, ANA BEATRIZ G. DA
; VIEIRA, GUSTAVO F.
; BACH, EVELISE
; CARDOSO, JÁDER C.
; MÜLLER, NÍCOLAS FELIPE D.
; LOPES, GABRIEL
; CAESAR, LÍLIAN
; KULMANN-LEAL, BRUNA
; KAMINSKI, VALÉRIA L.
; SILVEIRA, ETIELE S.
; SPILKI, FERNANDO R.
; WEBER, MATHEUS N.
; ALMEIDA, SABRINA E. DE MATOS
; HORA, VANUSA P. DA
; CHIES, JOSÉ ARTUR B.
.
Abstract Zoonotic spillover is a phenomenon characterized by the transfer of pathogens between different animal species. Most human emerging infectious diseases originate from non-human animals, and human-related environmental disturbances are the driving forces of the emergence of new human pathogens. Synthesizing the sequence of basic events involved in the emergence of new human pathogens is important for guiding the understanding, identification, and description of key aspects of human activities that can be changed to prevent new outbreaks, epidemics, and pandemics. This review synthesizes the connections between environmental disturbances and increased risk of spillover events based on the One Health perspective. Anthropogenic disturbances in the environment (e.g., deforestation, habitat fragmentation, biodiversity loss, wildlife exploitation) lead to changes in ecological niches, reduction of the dilution effect, increased contact between humans and other animals, changes in the incidence and load of pathogens in animal populations, and alterations in the abiotic factors of landscapes. These phenomena can increase the risk of spillover events and, potentially, facilitate new infectious disease outbreaks. Using Brazil as a study model, this review brings a discussion concerning anthropogenic activities in the Amazon region and their potential impacts on spillover risk and spread of emerging diseases in this region.
4.
Experimental and numerical analysis of triaxial compression test for a clay soil
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Hernández-Hernández, Víctor A.
; Joya-Cárdenas, Diego R.
; Equihua-Anguiano, Luisa N.
; Leal-Vaca, Julio C.
; Peña, José A. Diosdado-De la
; Pérez-Moreno, Luis
; Saldaña-Robles, Noé
; Saldaña-Robles, Alberto
.
ABSTRACT Soil compaction causes negative effects on crop yield and its mechanical response analysis has recently gained relevance for research through numerical methods. In this work, Finite Element Method (FEM) using the Mohr-Coulomb (MC) and Hardening Soil (HS) constitutive models were employed to simulate the mechanical response of a Vertisol agricultural soil. First, an experimental study of the unconsolidated-undrained (UU) triaxial compression test with different moisture contents (w = 10%, 20% and 34%) and confining pressures (σ3 = σc = 0.05 MPa, 0.10 MPa and 0.15 MPa) was carried out, to obtain the shear strength parameters cohesion (c) and friction angle (φ), as well as the Young’s modulus (E) of the soil. The experimental study was conducted through a 32 factorial design with three replicates that it was used to evaluate the influence of the w and σc on E of the studied soil. Also, an analysis of the behavior of the φ and c parameters at each w was performed. Numerical simulations were done with similar conditions as the experimental tests with respect to loading and boundary conditions. A comparison of the mechanical response between numerical results and physical experiments was carried out. As a result, the MC model allowed to estimate satisfactorily the stress-strain relationship of the soil for w of 10% and 20%, while HS model exhibited a better approximation for w of 34% in comparison with the MC model. Finally, the methodology and the adjusted parameters of the agricultural soil obtained in this work, can be used in the study of soil compaction produced by the agricultural machinery.
260 downloads
5.
Persistent symptoms and decreased health-related quality of life after symptomatic pediatric COVID-19: A prospective study in a Latin American tertiary hospital
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Fink, Thais T.
; Marques, Heloisa H.S.
; Gualano, Bruno
; Lindoso, Livia
; Bain, Vera
; Astley, Camilla
; Martins, Fernanda
; Matheus, Denise
; Matsuo, Olivia M.
; Suguita, Priscila
; Trindade, Vitor
; Paula, Camila S.Y.
; Farhat, Sylvia C.L.
; Palmeira, Patricia
; Leal, Gabriela N.
; Suzuki, Lisa
; Odone Filho, Vicente
; Carneiro-Sampaio, Magda
; Duarte, Alberto José S.
; Antonangelo, Leila
; Batisttella, Linamara R.
; Polanczyk, Guilherme V.
; Pereira, Rosa Maria R.
; Carvalho, Carlos Roberto R.
; Buchpiguel, Carlos A.
; Latronico, Ana Claudia
; Seelaender, Marilia
; Silva, Clovis Artur
; Pereira, Maria Fernanda B.
; Sallum, Adriana M. E.
; Brentani, Alexandra V. M.
; Neto, Álvaro José S.
; Ihara, Amanda
; Santos, Andrea R.
; Canton, Ana Pinheiro M.
; Watanabe, Andreia
; Santos, Angélica C. dos
; Pastorino, Antonio C.
; Franco, Bernadette D. G. M.
; Caruzo, Bruna
; Ceneviva, Carina
; Martins, Carolina C. M. F.
; Prado, Danilo
; Abellan, Deipara M.
; Benatti, Fabiana B.
; Smaria, Fabiana
; Gonçalves, Fernanda T.
; Penteado, Fernando D.
; Castro, Gabriela S. F. de
; Gonçalves, Guilherme S.
; Roschel, Hamilton
; Disi, Ilana R.
; Marques, Isabela G.
; Castro, Inar A.
; Buscatti, Izabel M.
; Faiad, Jaline Z.
; Fiamoncini, Jarlei
; Rodrigues, Joaquim C.
; Carneiro, Jorge D. A.
; Paz, Jose A.
; Ferreira, Juliana C.
; Ferreira, Juliana C. O.
; Silva, Katia R.
; Bastos, Karina L. M.
; Kozu, Katia
; Cristofani, Lilian M.
; Souza, Lucas V. B.
; Campos, Lucia M. A.
; Silva Filho, Luiz Vicente R. F.
; Sapienza, Marcelo T.
; Lima, Marcos S.
; Garanito, Marlene P.
; Santos, Márcia F. A.
; Dorna, Mayra B.
; Aikawa, Nadia E.
; Litvinov, Nadia
; Sakita, Neusa K.
; Gaiolla, Paula V. V.
; Pasqualucci, Paula
; Toma, Ricardo K.
; Correa-Silva, Simone
; Sieczkowska, Sofia M.
; Imamura, Marta
; Forsait, Silvana
; Santos, Vera A.
; Zheng, Yingying
.
OBJECTIVES: To prospectively evaluate demographic, anthropometric and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in pediatric patients with laboratory-confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) METHODS: This was a longitudinal observational study of surviving pediatric post-COVID-19 patients (n=53) and pediatric subjects without laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 included as controls (n=52) was performed. RESULTS: The median duration between COVID-19 diagnosis (n=53) and follow-up was 4.4 months (0.8-10.7). Twenty-three of 53 (43%) patients reported at least one persistent symptom at the longitudinal follow-up visit and 12/53 (23%) had long COVID-19, with at least one symptom lasting for >12 weeks. The most frequently reported symptoms at the longitudinal follow-up visit were headache (19%), severe recurrent headache (9%), tiredness (9%), dyspnea (8%), and concentration difficulty (4%). At the longitudinal follow-up visit, the frequencies of anemia (11% versus 0%, p=0.030), lymphopenia (42% versus 18%, p=0.020), C-reactive protein level of >30 mg/L (35% versus 0%, p=0.0001), and D-dimer level of >1000 ng/mL (43% versus 6%, p=0.0004) significantly reduced compared with baseline values. Chest X-ray abnormalities (11% versus 2%, p=0.178) and cardiac alterations on echocardiogram (33% versus 22%, p=0.462) were similar at both visits. Comparison of characteristic data between patients with COVID-19 at the longitudinal follow-up visit and controls showed similar age (p=0.962), proportion of male sex (p=0.907), ethnicity (p=0.566), family minimum monthly wage (p=0.664), body mass index (p=0.601), and pediatric pre-existing chronic conditions (p=1.000). The Pediatric Quality of Live Inventory 4.0 scores, median physical score (69 [0-100] versus 81 [34-100], p=0.012), and school score (60 [15-100] versus 70 [15-95], p=0.028) were significantly lower in pediatric patients with COVID-19 at the longitudinal follow-up visit than in controls. CONCLUSIONS: Pediatric patients with COVID-19 showed a longitudinal impact on HRQoL parameters, particularly in physical/school domains, reinforcing the need for a prospective multidisciplinary approach for these patients. These data highlight the importance of closer monitoring of children and adolescents by the clinical team after COVID-19.
6.
Chitosan and Agaricus brasiliensis Polysaccharides Films: A Preliminary Study
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Gonzaga, Maria L. C.
; Campelo, Matheus. S.
; Saraiva, Katarina B.
; Santos, Alan Q. S.
; Leal, Luzia K. A. M.
; Ricardo, Nágila M. P. S.
; Soares, Sandra A.
; Ribeiro, Maria Elenir N. P.
.
The known biotechnological properties of chitosan and the recent biological activities attributed to polysaccharides from Agaricus brasiliensis have been of interest to obtain films constituted by these two polymers. The glucans obtained from the mushroom inhibited about 96.5% of the ferrous ion, besides not promoting a significant increase of lactate dehydrogenase enzyme (LDH), which indicates that the polysaccharide is able to inhibit the production of radical species and also presents low cytotoxicity to the biological systems. The results of spectroscopy analyses in the infrared region (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction suggest an existing electrostatic interaction between the substances. A reduction in the films’ swelling capacity was observed with an increase in the polysaccharide content in the composition. In addition, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed greater surface density of the films. In convening the biological properties of the substances, it is expected that this study raises interest in evaluating the films and their capacity for healing wounds and burns.
https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20190264
266 downloads
7.
Difficulties in activities of daily living are associated with stigma in patients with Parkinson’s disease who are candidates for deep brain stimulation
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da Silva, Antônio G.
; Leal, Vanessa P.
; da Silva, Paulo R.
; Freitas, Fernando C.
; Linhares, Marcelo N.
; Walz, Roger
; Malloy-Diniz, Leandro F.
; Diaz, Alexandre P.
; Palha, Antônio P.
.
Objective: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is often accompanied by stigma, which could contribute to a worse prognosis. The objective of this study is to identify the variables associated with stigma in PD patients who are candidates for deep brain stimulation (DBS). Methods: We investigated sociodemographic and clinical variables associated with stigma in a sample of 54 PD patients indicated for DBS. The independent variables were motor symptoms assessed by the Movement Disorder Society‐sponsored revision of the Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS III), depressive symptoms measured by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, age, disease duration and the presence of a general medical condition. The Mobility, Activities of daily living and Emotional well-being domains of the 39-item Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39) were also investigated as independent variables, and the Stigma domain of the PDQ-39 scale was considered the outcome variable. Results: After multiple linear regression analysis, activities of daily living remained associated with the Stigma domain (B = 0.42 [95%CI 0.003-0.83], p = 0.048). The full model accounted for 15% of the variance in the Stigma domain (p = 0.03). Conclusions: Although causal assumptions are not appropriate for cross-sectional studies, the results suggest that ADL difficulties could contribute to greater stigma in PD patients with refractory motor symptoms who are candidates for DBS.
https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2018-0333
641 downloads
8.
Caracterización fisio-cultural y compatibilidad micelial de aislamientos de Sclerotium sp. procedentes de siete hospedantes
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Duarte Leal, Yanisia
; Martínez Coca, Benedicto
; Café Filho, Adalberto C.
; Bassay Blum, Luiz Eduardo
.
ABSTRACT The objectives of the work were to culturally and physiologically characterize 15 isolates of Sclerotium sp. from beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), taro [Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott], garlic (Allium sativum L.), and ornamental plants [Neomarica caerulea (Ker Gawl.) Sprague and Hydrocotyle sp.], from Cuba and Brazil, under different lighting conditions and determine the presence of their Mycelial Compatibility Groups (GCM). For this, the inoculated Petri dishes containing Papa Dextrose Agar (PDA) culture medium were placed under three lighting regimes [constant darkness (OC), alternating light (LA), and constant light (LC)] at 28 ± 2°C. The mycelial growth diameter and the surface texture and color of the colonies were evaluated in each isolate, as well as the number, weight and diameter of sclerotia under each condition. Confrontation tests were used to determine the existence of GCM. The highest production of sclerotia was under LC, and the lowest under OC. Mycelial compatibility was observed between the colonies of isolates from the same host (No. 1 and 9 of C. arietinum and No. 5 and 6 of P. vulgaris) and between isolates from different hosts (P. vulgaris - S. lycopersicum and A. sativum - N. caerulea). Five GCM were obtained, GCM- I (No. 1 and 9), GCM-II (No. 5 and 6), GCM-III (No. 10 and 11), GCM-IV (No. 10 and 12), and GCM-V (No. 13 and 14).
RESUMEN Los objetivos del trabajo fueron caracterizar cultural y fisiológicamente 15 aislamientos de Sclerotium sp. procedentes de frijol (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), garbanzo (Cicer arietinum L.), tomate (Solanum lycopersicum L.), malanga [Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott], ajo (Allium sativum L.) y las plantas ornamentales Neomarica caerulea (Ker Gawl.) Sprague y Hydrocotyle sp. de Cuba y Brasil, bajo diferentes condiciones de iluminación, y determinar la presencia de los Grupos de Compatibilidad Micelial (GCM) de los mismos. Para ello se usaron placas Petri contentivas de medio de cultivo Papa Dextrosa Agar (PDA), bajo tres regímenes de luz: oscuridad constante (OC), luz alterna (LA) y luz constante (LC) a 28±2°C. Se evaluó el diámetro del crecimiento micelial, textura superficial y color de las colonias en cada aislamiento, así como el número, peso y diámetro de esclerocios en cada condición. Además, se realizaron pruebas de enfrentamiento para determinar la existencia de GCM. La mayor producción de esclerocios fue bajo LC, y la menor a OC. Se observó Compatibilidad Micelial entre las colonias de aislamientos procedentes de un mismo hospedante (No. 1 y 9 de C. arietinum; No. 5 y 6 de P. vulgaris) y entre aislamientos de hospedantes diferentes (P. vulgaris - S. lycopersicum y A. sativum - N. caerulea). Se lograron obtener cinco GCM: GCM- I (No. 1 y 9), GCM-II (No. 5 y 6), GCM-III (No. 10 y 11), GCM-IV (No. 10 y 12) y GCM-V (No. 13 y 14).
9.
A New Tetraglycosylated Flavonoid from Leaves of Platycyamus regnellii Benth. Isolated by High-Speed Countercurrent Chromatography
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Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society
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A new tetraglycosylated flavonoid derivative of kaempferol was isolated from the butanol extract of leaves of Platycyamus regnellii (Fabaceae) using high-speed countercurrent chromatography (HSCCC). The butanol extract (960.5 mg) was initially fractionated with the solvent system EtOAC-BuOH-H2O 2:8:10 (v/v/v) (elution in normal phase mode). The fractions containing the major tetraglycosylated flavonoid were further purified with the same solvent system by modifying the ratios to 3:7:10 (v/v/v) and alternating the elution to reversed phase mode. The structure of the isolated flavonoid (48.1 mg, 99.7% purity by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector (UHPLC-DAD)) was characterized by spectrometric and spectroscopic methods and identified as kaempferol 3-O-β-D-glucopiranosyl-(1®2)-α-L-rhamnopiranoside-(1®6)-α-L-rhamnopiranoside-7-O-α-L-rhamnopiranoside. Other minor flavonoids were also detected and tentatively identified using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector coupled to mass spectrometry using the electrospray ionization interface (UHPLC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS). By using the latter technique, a second tetraglycosylated flavonol with an O-methyl substituent (either rhamnetin, 3-O-methyl-quercetin or isorhamnetin) was detected, together with a triglycosylated kaempferol and diglycosylated flavonoids (either rhamnetin, 3-O-methyl-quercetin or isorhamnetin).
https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20190143
363 downloads
10.
Influence of reactivity and mineralogical composition on instability due to the disintegration of shales from Paraíba and Ceará States, Brazil
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Leal, C. A.
; Brunet, M. N. C.
; Amorim, L. V.
; Lira, H. L.
; Nogueira, F. C. C.
; Costa, W. R. P.
.
Resumo Este trabalho teve como objetivo correlacionar a reatividade e composição mineralógica de folhelhos à sua desintegração. Para tanto, foram caracterizadas cinco amostras de folhelho das Bacias do Rio do Peixe e Araripe, localizadas nos estados brasileiros da Paraíba e Ceará e, para fins de comparação, foi utilizada uma amostra de argila bentonítica industrializada. A caracterização foi realizada por capacidade de troca de cátions, analise granulométrica, fluorescência de raios X e difração de raios X. Também foram realizados testes de desintegração, de acordo com as normas API (American Petroleum Institute), na presença de água deionizada, solução aquosa de citrato de potássio e fluido de perfuração. Os resultados sugeriram que formações que não apresentam argilominerais reativos podem ser instáveis e que a maior reatividade das formações frente a fluidos aquosos não implica, necessariamente, em maior nível de desintegração, mostrando assim que diferentes mecanismos não associados ao inchamento dos argilominerais podem assumir maior ou menor importância na instabilidade da formação.
Abstract This work aimed to correlate the reactivity and mineralogical composition of shales to their disintegration. To accomplish this, five samples of shale from Rio do Peixe Basin and Araripe Basin, located in the Brazilian States of Paraíba and Ceará, respectively, were characterized. A sample of industrialized bentonite clay was used as a reference to provide a comparison. Characterization was performed through cation exchange capacity, particle size analysis, X-ray fluorescence, and X-ray diffraction. Disintegration tests were performed according to the American Petroleum Institute standards in the presence of deionized water, aqueous potassium citrate solution, and drilling fluid. The results suggested that samples presenting no reactive clay mineral content may be unstable and the higher the reactivity of the samples to aqueous fluids does not necessarily imply a higher level of disintegration. This demonstrated that different mechanisms not associated with clay swelling may assume greater or lesser relevance on the instability of a formation.
https://doi.org/10.1590/0366-69132019653752630
840 downloads
11.
Chemical Composition and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of the Decoction from Leaves of a Cultivated Specimen of Myracrodruon urundeuva
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Aquino, Nayara C.
; Queiroz, Emerson F.
; Marcourt, Laurence
; Freitas, Lyara B. N.
; Araújo, Emmanuel V. O.
; Leal, Luzia K. A. M.
; Bezerra, Antonio M. E.
; Boccard, Julien
; Wolfender, Jean-Luc
; Silveira, Edilberto R.
.
Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society
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Myracrodruon urundeuva (Anacardiaceae) is the scientific designation of “aroeira-do-sertão”, a tree well dispersed at the northeastern Brazil. The medicinal use of this plant is widespread throughout the rural population and the inner trunk bark decoction is used to treat cutaneous affections, urinary and respiratory diseases, and gynecological problems. “Aroeira-do-sertão” has been included in the list of native species under extinction threat. In order to find a sustainable source of the plant, seedlings have been cultivated. The purpose of this work was to investigate the chemical composition of the decoction from leaves of cultivated plants (aqueous extract from Myracrodruon urundeuva (AEMU)) and its anti-inflammatory activity on human neutrophils. The addition of AEMU on cells suspension inhibited significantly its activation/degranulation induced by phorbol myristate acetate. AEMU since at 50 µg mL-1 showed better pattern of inhibitions when related to indomethacin, non-selective cyclooxygenase inhibitor used as reference anti-inflammatory. The decoction fractionation was performed by high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) and semi-preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using a phenyl column as the stationary phase, allowing the isolation of 24 compounds. These results showed how the AEMU is rich in bioactive metabolites, which probably contribute for the anti-inflammatory effects of this plant extract, modulating the degranulation of human neutrophils, one of the pro-inflammatory mechanism of these cells.
https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20190060
563 downloads
12.
Volatile oil of Croton zehntneri per oral sub-acute treatment offers small toxicity: perspective of therapeutic use
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Coelho-de-Souza, Andrelina N.
; Rocha, Maria Valdenir A.P.
; Oliveira, Keciany A.
; Vasconcelos, Yuri A.G.
; Santos, Edgleyson C.
; Silva-Alves, Kerly Shamyra
; Diniz, Lúcio Ricardo L.
; Ferreira-da-Silva, Francisco Walber
; Oliveira, Ariclécio C.
; Ponte, Edson L.
; Evangelista, Janaína Serra-Azul M.
; Assreuy, Ana Maria S.
; Leal-Cardoso, José Henrique
.
ABSTRACT Croton zehntneri Pax & K. Hoffm., Euphorbiaceae, or “canela-de-cunhé” is used in the Northeast Brazil to treat several diseases. Leaves and aerial parts of C. zehntneri are rich in volatile oil of high potential therapeutic. This study aimed to investigate volatile oil systemic toxicity after per oral treatment in rats. Volatile oil characterization (gas chromatography and mass spectrometry) showed 85.7% anethole and 4.8% estragole. Male Wistar rats (116–149 g) were treated with volatile oil (250 mg/kg p.o.) during ten weeks and evaluated for the following parameters: survival; food and water intake; body mass; absolute/relative organs weight; hemogram; plasma biochemical dosage; organs morphology. Volatile oil did not alter animal water and food consumption or the relative/absolute weight of most organs, but animals gained less weight. Volatile oil did not alter function biomarkers of pancreas, kidney, heart or liver, but increased plasma gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (liver biomarker) and decreased uric acid (kidney biomarker). Although volatile oil had caused discrete morphological alterations in some organs, it did not induce architectural changes in these organs. In conclusion, the sub-acute per oral treatment with volatile oil no longer than ten weeks in rats offers small toxicity at doses below 250 mg/kg.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjp.2018.11.005
451 downloads
13.
Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage in childhoodonset systemic lupus erythematosus: a severe disease flare with serious outcome
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Blay, Gabriela
; Rodrigues, Joaquim C.
; Ferreira, Juliana C. O.
; Leal, Gabriela N.
; Gormezano, Natali W.
; Novak, Glaucia V.
; Pereira, Rosa M. R.
; Terreri, Maria T.
; Magalhães, Claudia S.
; Molinari, Beatriz C.
; Sakamoto, Ana P.
; Aikawa, Nadia E.
; Campos, Lucia M. A.
; Fernandes, Taciana A. P.
; Clemente, Gleice
; Peracchi, Octavio A. B.
; Bugni, Vanessa
; Marini, Roberto
; Sacchetti, Silvana B.
; Carvalho, Luciana M.
; Fraga, Melissa M.
; Castro, Tânia C. M.
; Ramos, Valéria C.
; Bonfá, Eloisa
; Silva, Clovis A.
.
Abstract Objective: To evaluate prevalence, clinical manifestations, laboratory abnormalities and treatment in a multicenter cohort study including 847 childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE) patients with and without diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH), as well as concomitant parameters of severity. Methods: DAH was defined as the presence of at least three respiratory symptoms/signs associated with diffuse interstitial/alveolar infiltrates on chest x-ray or high-resolution computer tomography and sudden drop in hemoglobin levels. Statistical analysis was performed using Bonferroni correction (p < 0.0022). Results: DAH was observed in 19/847 (2.2%) cSLE patients. Cough/dyspnea/tachycardia/hypoxemia occurred in all cSLE patients with DAH. Concomitant parameters of severity observed were: mechanical ventilation in 14/19 (74%), hemoptysis 12/19 (63%), macrophage activation syndrome 2/19 (10%) and death 9/19 (47%). Further analysis of cSLE patients at DAH diagnosis compared to 76 cSLE control patients without DAH with same disease duration [3 (1–151) vs. 4 (1–151) months, p = 0.335], showed higher frequencies of constitutional involvement (74% vs. 10%, p < 0.0001), serositis (63% vs. 6%, p < 0.0001) and sepsis (53% vs. 9%, p < 0.0001) in the DAH group. The median of disease activity score(SLEDAI-2 K) was significantly higher in cSLE patients with DAH [18 (5–40) vs. 6 (0–44), p < 0.0001]. The frequencies of thrombocytopenia (53% vs. 12%, p < 0.0001), intravenous methylprednisolone (95% vs. 16%, p < 0.0001) and intravenous cyclophosphamide (47% vs. 8%, p < 0.0001) were also significantly higher in DAH patients. Conclusions: This was the first study to demonstrate that DAH, although not a disease activity score descriptor, occurred in the context of significant moderate/severe cSLE flare. Importantly, we identified that this condition was associated with serious disease flare complicated by sepsis with high mortality rate.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s42358-018-0038-4
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14.
Binary Micellar Solutions of Poly(Ethylene Oxide)-Poly(Styrene Oxide) Copolymers with Pluronic® P123: Drug Solubilisation and Cytotoxicity Studies
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Oliveira, Samira A.
; Moura, Carolina L.
; Cavalcante, Igor M.
; Lopes, Amanda Araújo
; Leal, Luzia K. A. M.
; Gramosa, Nilce V.
; Ribeiro, Maria E. N. P.
; França, Francisco C. F.
; Yeates, Stephen G.
; Ricardo, Nágila M. P. S.
.
Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society
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The non-commercial copolymers E45S8, E45S17 and their mixtures with Pluronic® P123 (E21P67E21) were studied as carriers of the model drug griseofulvin. Critical micelle concentration (cmc) (dye solubilisation method), drug solubilisation capacity (Scp and Sh) determined by ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) and cytotoxicity (LDH activity in human neutrophils) were studied. E45S17 1.0 wt.% dispersions presented colloidal aggregates limiting its Scp in comparison to E45S8, but in 0.1 wt.% solutions this phenomenon seemed to be absent and E45S17 presented a higher Scp. The mixtures that showed the best Scp results contained 50% of P123 and presented low cmc. An evaluation of literature data suggested a minimum Em content of 62% in EmSn copolymers below which the increase of Sn length does not lead to an increase of Sh. The results suggested no toxicity of the copolymers on human neutrophils, supporting the use of P123 and poly(styrene oxide) containing copolymers as drug carriers.
https://doi.org/10.5935/0103-5053.20150205
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15.
Growing knowledge: an overview of Seed Plant diversity in Brazil
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Zappi, Daniela C.
; Filardi, Fabiana L. Ranzato
; Leitman, Paula
; Souza, Vinícius C.
; Walter, Bruno M.T.
; Pirani, José R.
; Morim, Marli P.
; Queiroz, Luciano P.
; Cavalcanti, Taciana B.
; Mansano, Vidal F.
; Forzza, Rafaela C.
; Abreu, Maria C.
; Acevedo-Rodríguez, Pedro
; Agra, Maria F.
; Almeida Jr., Eduardo B.
; Almeida, Gracineide S.S.
; Almeida, Rafael F.
; Alves, Flávio M.
; Alves, Marccus
; Alves-Araujo, Anderson
; Amaral, Maria C.E.
; Amorim, André M.
; Amorim, Bruno
; Andrade, Ivanilza M.
; Andreata, Regina H.P.
; Andrino, Caroline O.
; Anunciação, Elisete A.
; Aona, Lidyanne Y.S.
; Aranguren, Yani
; Aranha Filho, João L.M.
; Araújo, Andrea O.
; Araújo, Ariclenes A.M.
; Araújo, Diogo
; Arbo, María M.
; Assis, Leandro
; Assis, Marta C.
; Assunção, Vivian A.
; Athiê-Souza, Sarah M.
; Azevedo, Cecilia O.
; Baitello, João B.
; Barberena, Felipe F.V.A.
; Barbosa, Maria R.V.
; Barros, Fábio
; Barros, Lucas A.V.
; Barros, Michel J.F.
; Baumgratz, José F.A.
; Bernacci, Luis C.
; Berry, Paul E.
; Bigio, Narcísio C.
; Biral, Leonardo
; Bittrich, Volker
; Borges, Rafael A.X.
; Bortoluzzi, Roseli L.C.
; Bove, Cláudia P.
; Bovini, Massimo G.
; Braga, João M.A.
; Braz, Denise M.
; Bringel Jr., João B.A.
; Bruniera, Carla P.
; Buturi, Camila V.
; Cabral, Elza
; Cabral, Fernanda N.
; Caddah, Mayara K.
; Caires, Claudenir S.
; Calazans, Luana S.B.
; Calió, Maria F.
; Camargo, Rodrigo A.
; Campbell, Lisa
; Canto-Dorow, Thais S.
; Carauta, Jorge P.P.
; Cardiel, José M.
; Cardoso, Domingos B.O.S.
; Cardoso, Leandro J.T.
; Carneiro, Camila R.
; Carneiro, Cláudia E.
; Carneiro-Torres, Daniela S.
; Carrijo, Tatiana T.
; Caruzo, Maria B.R.
; Carvalho, Maria L.S.
; Carvalho-Silva, Micheline
; Castello, Ana C.D.
; Cavalheiro, Larissa
; Cervi, Armando C.
; Chacon, Roberta G.
; Chautems, Alain
; Chiavegatto, Berenice
; Chukr, Nádia S.
; Coelho, Alexa A.O.P.
; Coelho, Marcus A.N.
; Coelho, Rubens L.G.
; Cordeiro, Inês
; Cordula, Elizabeth
; Cornejo, Xavier
; Côrtes, Ana L.A.
; Costa, Andrea F.
; Costa, Fabiane N.
; Costa, Jorge A.S.
; Costa, Leila C.
; Costa-e-Silva, Maria B.
; Costa-Lima, James L.
; Cota, Maria R.C.
; Couto, Ricardo S.
; Daly, Douglas C.
; De Stefano, Rodrigo D.
; De Toni, Karen
; Dematteis, Massimiliano
; Dettke, Greta A.
; Di Maio, Fernando R.
; Dórea, Marcos C.
; Duarte, Marília C.
; Dutilh, Julie H.A.
; Dutra, Valquíria F.
; Echternacht, Lívia
; Eggers, Lilian
; Esteves, Gerleni
; Ezcurra, Cecilia
; Falcão Junior, Marcus J.A.
; Feres, Fabíola
; Fernandes, José M.
; Ferreira, D.M.C.
; Ferreira, Fabrício M.
; Ferreira, Gabriel E.
; Ferreira, Priscila P.A.
; Ferreira, Silvana C.
; Ferrucci, Maria S.
; Fiaschi, Pedro
; Filgueiras, Tarciso S.
; Firens, Marcela
; Flores, Andreia S.
; Forero, Enrique
; Forster, Wellington
; Fortuna-Perez, Ana P.
; Fortunato, Reneé H.
; Fraga, Cléudio N.
; França, Flávio
; Francener, Augusto
; Freitas, Joelcio
; Freitas, Maria F.
; Fritsch, Peter W.
; Furtado, Samyra G.
; Gaglioti, André L.
; Garcia, Flávia C.P.
; Germano Filho, Pedro
; Giacomin, Leandro
; Gil, André S.B.
; Giulietti, Ana M.
; A.P.Godoy, Silvana
; Goldenberg, Renato
; Gomes da Costa, Géssica A.
; Gomes, Mário
; Gomes-Klein, Vera L.
; Gonçalves, Eduardo Gomes
; Graham, Shirley
; Groppo, Milton
; Guedes, Juliana S.
; Guimarães, Leonardo R.S.
; Guimarães, Paulo J.F.
; Guimarães, Elsie F.
; Gutierrez, Raul
; Harley, Raymond
; Hassemer, Gustavo
; Hattori, Eric K.O.
; Hefler, Sonia M.
; Heiden, Gustavo
; Henderson, Andrew
; Hensold, Nancy
; Hiepko, Paul
; Holanda, Ana S.S.
; Iganci, João R.V.
; Imig, Daniela C.
; Indriunas, Alexandre
; Jacques, Eliane L.
; Jardim, Jomar G.
; Kamer, Hiltje M.
; Kameyama, Cíntia
; Kinoshita, Luiza S.
; Kirizawa, Mizué
; Klitgaard, Bente B.
; Koch, Ingrid
; Koschnitzke, Cristiana
; Krauss, Nathália P.
; Kriebel, Ricardo
; Kuntz, Juliana
; Larocca, João
; Leal, Eduardo S.
; Lewis, Gwilym P.
; Lima, Carla T.
; Lima, Haroldo C.
; Lima, Itamar B.
; Lima, Laíce F.G.
; Lima, Laura C.P.
; Lima, Leticia R.
; Lima, Luís F.P.
; Lima, Rita B.
; Lírio, Elton J.
; Liro, Renata M.
; Lleras, Eduardo
; Lobão, Adriana
; Loeuille, Benoit
; Lohmann, Lúcia G.
; Loiola, Maria I.B.
; Lombardi, Julio A.
; Longhi-Wagner, Hilda M.
; Lopes, Rosana C.
; Lorencini, Tiago S.
; Louzada, Rafael B.
; Lovo, Juliana
; Lozano, Eduardo D.
; Lucas, Eve
; Ludtke, Raquel
; Luz, Christian L.
; Maas, Paul
; Machado, Anderson F.P.
; Macias, Leila
; Maciel, Jefferson R.
; Magenta, Mara A.G.
; Mamede, Maria C.H.
; Manoel, Evelin A.
; Marchioretto, Maria S.
; Marques, Juliana S.
; Marquete, Nilda
; Marquete, Ronaldo
; Martinelli, Gustavo
; Martins da Silva, Regina C.V.
; Martins, Ângela B.
; Martins, Erika R.
; Martins, Márcio L.L.
; Martins, Milena V.
; Martins, Renata C.
; Matias, Ligia Q.
; Maya-L., Carlos A.
; Mayo, Simon
; Mazine, Fiorella
; Medeiros, Debora
; Medeiros, Erika S.
; Medeiros, Herison
; Medeiros, João D.
; Meireles, José E.
; Mello-Silva, Renato
; Melo, Aline
; Melo, André L.
; Melo, Efigênia
; Melo, José I.M.
; Menezes, Cristine G.
; Menini Neto, Luiz
; Mentz, Lilian A.
; Mezzonato, A.C.
; Michelangeli, Fabián A.
; Milward-de-Azevedo, Michaele A.
; Miotto, Silvia T.S.
; Miranda, Vitor F.O.
; Mondin, Cláudio A.
; Monge, Marcelo
; Monteiro, Daniele
; Monteiro, Raquel F.
; Moraes, Marta D.
; Moraes, Pedro L.R.
; Mori, Scott A.
; Mota, Aline C.
; Mota, Nara F.O.
; Moura, Tania M.
; Mulgura, Maria
; Nakajima, Jimi N.
; Nardy, Camila
; Nascimento Júnior, José E.
; Noblick, Larry
; Nunes, Teonildes S.
; O'Leary, Nataly
; Oliveira, Arline S.
; Oliveira, Caetano T.
; Oliveira, Juliana A.
; Oliveira, Luciana S.D.
; Oliveira, Maria L.A.A.
; Oliveira, Regina C.
; Oliveira, Renata S.
; Oliveira, Reyjane P.
; Paixão-Souza, Bruno
; Parra, Lara R.
; Pasini, Eduardo
; Pastore, José F.B.
; Pastore, Mayara
; Paula-Souza, Juliana
; Pederneiras, Leandro C.
; Peixoto, Ariane L.
; Pelissari, Gisela
; Pellegrini, Marco O.O.
; Pennington, Toby
; Perdiz, Ricardo O.
; Pereira, Anna C.M.
; Pereira, Maria S.
; Pereira, Rodrigo A.S.
; Pessoa, Clenia
; Pessoa, Edlley M.
; Pessoa, Maria C.R.
; Pinto, Luiz J.S.
; Pinto, Rafael B.
; Pontes, Tiago A.
; Prance, Ghillean T.
; Proença, Carolyn
; Profice, Sheila R.
; Pscheidt, Allan C.
; Queiroz, George A.
; Queiroz, Rubens T.
; Quinet, Alexandre
; Rainer, Heimo
; Ramos, Eliana
; Rando, Juliana G.
; Rapini, Alessandro
; Reginato, Marcelo
; Reis, Ilka P.
; Reis, Priscila A.
; Ribeiro, André R.O.
; Ribeiro, José E.L.S.
; Riina, Ricarda
; Ritter, Mara R.
; Rivadavia, Fernando
; Rocha, Antônio E.S.
; Rocha, Maria J.R.
; Rodrigues, Izabella M.C.
; Rodrigues, Karina F.
; Rodrigues, Rodrigo S.
; Rodrigues, Rodrigo S.
; Rodrigues, Vinícius T.
; Rodrigues, William
; Romaniuc Neto, Sérgio
; Romão, Gerson O.
; Romero, Rosana
; Roque, Nádia
; Rosa, Patrícia
; Rossi, Lúcia
; Sá, Cyl F.C.
; Saavedra, Mariana M.
; Saka, Mariana
; Sakuragui, Cássia M.
; Salas, Roberto M.
; Sales, Margareth F.
; Salimena, Fatima R.G.
; Sampaio, Daniela
; Sancho, Gisela
; Sano, Paulo T.
; Santos, Alessandra
; Santos, Élide P.
; Santos, Juliana S.
; Santos, Marianna R.
; Santos-Gonçalves, Ana P.
; Santos-Silva, Fernanda
; São-Mateus, Wallace
; Saraiva, Deisy P.
; Saridakis, Dennis P.
; Sartori, Ângela L.B.
; Scalon, Viviane R.
; Schneider, Ângelo
; Sebastiani, Renata
; Secco, Ricardo S.
; Senna, Luisa
; Senna-Valle, Luci
; Shirasuna, Regina T.
; Silva Filho, Pedro J.S.
; Silva, Anádria S.
; Silva, Christian
; Silva, Genilson A.R.
; Silva, Gisele O.
; Silva, Márcia C.R.
; Silva, Marcos J.
; Silva, Marcos J.
; Silva, Otávio L.M.
; Silva, Rafaela A.P.
; Silva, Saura R.
; Silva, Tania R.S.
; Silva-Gonçalves, Kelly C.
; Silva-Luz, Cíntia L.
; Simão-Bianchini, Rosângela
; Simões, André O.
; Simpson, Beryl
; Siniscalchi, Carolina M.
; Siqueira Filho, José A.
; Siqueira, Carlos E.
; Siqueira, Josafá C.
; Smith, Nathan P.
; Snak, Cristiane
; Soares Neto, Raimundo L.
; Soares, Kelen P.
; Soares, Marcos V.B.
; Soares, Maria L.
; Soares, Polyana N.
; Sobral, Marcos
; Sodré, Rodolfo C.
; Somner, Genise V.
; Sothers, Cynthia A.
; Sousa, Danilo J.L.
; Souza, Elnatan B.
; Souza, Élvia R.
; Souza, Marcelo
; Souza, Maria L.D.R.
; Souza-Buturi, Fátima O.
; Spina, Andréa P.
; Stapf, María N.S.
; Stefano, Marina V.
; Stehmann, João R.
; Steinmann, Victor
; Takeuchi, Cátia
; Taylor, Charlotte M.
; Taylor, Nigel P.
; Teles, Aristônio M.
; Temponi, Lívia G.
; Terra-Araujo, Mário H.
; Thode, Veronica
; Thomas, W.Wayt
; Tissot-Squalli, Mara L.
; Torke, Benjamin M.
; Torres, Roseli B.
; Tozzi, Ana M.G.A.
; Trad, Rafaela J.
; Trevisan, Rafael
; Trovó, Marcelo
; Valls, José F.M.
; Vaz, Angela M.S.F.
; Versieux, Leonardo
; Viana, Pedro L.
; Vianna Filho, Marcelo D.M.
; Vieira, Ana O.S.
; Vieira, Diego D.
; Vignoli-Silva, Márcia
; Vilar, Thaisa
; Vinhos, Franklin
; Wallnöfer, Bruno
; Wanderley, Maria G.L.
; Wasshausen, Dieter
; Watanabe, Maurício T.C.
; Weigend, Maximilian
; Welker, Cassiano A.D.
; Woodgyer, Elizabeth
; Xifreda, Cecilia C.
; Yamamoto, Kikyo
; Zanin, Ana
; Zenni, Rafael D.
; Zickel, Carmem S
.
Resumo Um levantamento atualizado das plantas com sementes e análises relevantes acerca desta biodiversidade são apresentados. Este trabalho se iniciou em 2010 com a publicação do Catálogo de Plantas e Fungos e, desde então vem sendo atualizado por mais de 430 especialistas trabalhando online. O Brasil abriga atualmente 32.086 espécies nativas de Angiospermas e 23 espécies nativas de Gimnospermas e estes novos dados mostram um aumento de 3% da riqueza em relação a 2010. A Amazônia é o Domínio Fitogeográfico com o maior número de espécies de Gimnospermas, enquanto que a Floresta Atlântica possui a maior riqueza de Angiospermas. Houve um crescimento considerável no número de espécies e nas taxas de endemismo para a maioria dos Domínios (Caatinga, Cerrado, Floresta Atlântica, Pampa e Pantanal), com exceção da Amazônia que apresentou uma diminuição de 2,5% de endemicidade. Entretanto, a maior parte das plantas com sementes que ocorrem no Brasil (57,4%) é endêmica deste território. A proporção de formas de vida varia de acordo com os diferentes Domínios: árvores são mais expressivas na Amazônia e Floresta Atlântica do que nos outros biomas, ervas são dominantes no Pampa e as lianas apresentam riqueza expressiva na Amazônia, Floresta Atlântica e Pantanal. Este trabalho não só quantifica a biodiversidade brasileira, mas também indica as lacunas de conhecimento e o desafio a ser enfrentado para a conservação desta flora.
Abstract An updated inventory of Brazilian seed plants is presented and offers important insights into the country's biodiversity. This work started in 2010, with the publication of the Plants and Fungi Catalogue, and has been updated since by more than 430 specialists working online. Brazil is home to 32,086 native Angiosperms and 23 native Gymnosperms, showing an increase of 3% in its species richness in relation to 2010. The Amazon Rainforest is the richest Brazilian biome for Gymnosperms, while the Atlantic Rainforest is the richest one for Angiosperms. There was a considerable increment in the number of species and endemism rates for biomes, except for the Amazon that showed a decrease of 2.5% of recorded endemics. However, well over half of Brazillian seed plant species (57.4%) is endemic to this territory. The proportion of life-forms varies among different biomes: trees are more expressive in the Amazon and Atlantic Rainforest biomes while herbs predominate in the Pampa, and lianas are more expressive in the Amazon, Atlantic Rainforest, and Pantanal. This compilation serves not only to quantify Brazilian biodiversity, but also to highlight areas where there information is lacking and to provide a framework for the challenge faced in conserving Brazil's unique and diverse flora.
https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860201566411
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