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Evaluation of antibacterial and antifungal activity of antimicrobial soaps
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Santos Junior, C. J.

; Lins, F. C. C. O.

; Santos, P. O.

; Silva, V. B.

; Barros, Y. V. R.

; Araújo, M. A. S.

; Rocha, T. J. M.

; Souza, A. K. P.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2024, Volume 84 elocation e263364

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Os sabonetes têm um papel importante para a nossa higiene e saúde, pois eles além de ter efeito bactericida, também removem as sujeiras presentes no corpo humano. Avaliar a eficácia de sabonetes com atividade antimicrobiana de diferentes marcas comerciais vendidas no Brasil. Foram realizados ensaios da atividade antimicrobiana dos diferentes sabonetes através do método difusão em ágar frente aos microrganismos Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter cloacae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Proteus mirabilis e Candida albicans. Todos os sabonetes comerciais testados apresentaram formação de halo de inibição antimicrobiana frente às bactérias S. aureus e P. aeruginosa. Apenas dois sabonetes comerciais apresentaram inibição das espécies A. baumannii e C. albicans. Nenhum dos sete produtos estudados apresentou inibição das bactérias E. cloacae, P. mirabilis e E. coli. Na comparação das informações contidas nas embalagens dos produtos com os resultados obtidos durante a pesquisa realizada foram observadas divergências. Os sabonetes que apresentaram maior eficiência contra os microrganismos testados foram aqueles das apresentações 1 e 2, que se mostraram eficazes contra as espécies de bactérias S. aureus, P. aeruginosa e A. baumannii e contra a espécie de fungo C. albicans. As marcas 3, 4, 5, 6 e 7 apresentaram o mesmo resultado de sensibilidade frente as bactérias das espécies S. aureus e P. aeruginosa, com variação quantitativa apenas do halo de inibição. Houve divergência entre as informações contidas nas embalagens dos sete produtos em estudo e os resultados dos testes experimentais.

Abstract Soaps play an important role in our hygiene and health, as they not only have a bactericidal effect but also remove dirt from the human body. To evaluate the effectiveness of soaps with antimicrobial activity from different commercial brands sold in Brazil. Tests of the antimicrobial activity of different soaps were carried out through diffusion in agar against the microorganisms Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter cloacae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Proteus mirabilis, and Candida albicans. All commercial soaps tested transfer antimicrobial inhibition halo formation against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa bacteria. Only two commercial soaps inhibit the species A. baumannii and C. albicans. None of the seven products studied showed inhibition of E. cloacae, P. mirabilis, and E. coli bacteria. When comparing the information contained in the packaging of the products with the results obtained during a survey, divergences were observed. The soaps that provide greater efficiency against the tested microorganisms were presented in presentations 1 and 2, which become useful against the bacteria species S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, and A. baumannii and a fungus species C. albicans. Marks 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 parallel the same sensitivity result opposite as bacteria of the species S. aureus and P. aeruginosa, with quantitative variation only of the inhibition halo. There was a divergence between the information contained in the packaging of the seven products under study and the results of the experimental tests.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.263364

Fertilization with zinc improves the growth and photosynthetic performance of dwarf green coconut seedlings
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Moraes, Ana R. A. de

; Araújo, Suzana R.

; Silva Junior, Mário L. da

; Lins, Paulo M. P.

; Gomes, Maynara S.

; Gomes, Mila F.

; Marques, Jonathan D.

; Dias, Victor H. R.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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nov 2023, Volume 27 N. 11 Pages 864 - 872

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Zinc is an essential micronutrient for plant metabolism and has been studied in several crops of economic interest. However, there is no evidence of its use in coconut crops. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of foliar zinc fertilization with doses of zinc on dwarf green coconut seedlings based on their nutritional status, growth attributes, and gas exchange. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks, and the treatments consisted of different zinc doses (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 g per plant) with five replicates. Seedlings were positively influenced by zinc dose, mainly in terms of growth variables and gas exchange. Zinc fertilization reduced iron and manganese content and increased zinc concentrations in the leaf tissue. Zinc fertilization promoted an increase in leaf area, height, shoot dry mass, and total dry mass. Furthermore, zinc fertilization improved photosynthesis, transpiration, stomatal conductance, internal CO2 concentration, instantaneous water use efficiency, and intrinsic water use efficiency. The improvement in these growth indices and gas exchange, in most variables, was up to an estimated dose of approximately 16 g of zinc per plant and decreased with increasing doses.

RESUMO O zinco é um micronutriente de importância essencial para o metabolismo vegetal, é estudado para diversas culturas de interesse econômico, porém sem evidências de estudo para a cultura do coqueiro. Objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar a influência da fertilização com doses de zinco via foliar em mudas de coqueiro anão verde, por meio do estado nutricional, atributos de crescimento e trocas gasosas. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso, e os tratamentos foram constituídos por doses de zinco (0, 5, 10, 15, 20 e 25 g por planta), com cinco repetições. As mudas foram influenciadas positivamente pelas doses de zinco principalmente nas variáveis de crescimento e nas trocas gasosas. No estado nutricional afetou de maneira decrescente o ferro e o manganês e aumentou o zinco no tecido foliar. O zinco proporcionou incrementos na área foliar, altura de plantas, massa seca da parte aérea e massa seca total. Além disso, melhorou a fotossíntese, transpiração, condutância estomática, concentração interna de CO2, eficiência instantânea do uso da água e eficiência intrínseca do uso da água. A melhora nesses índices de crescimento e trocas gasosas, na maioria das variáveis, foi até a dose estimada de aproximadamente 16 g de zinco por planta e diminuiu com o aumento das doses.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v27n11p864-872

Germination and vigor of soybean genotypes seeds under saline stress
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Alves, Francisco A. T.

; Lins, Hamurábi A.

; Albuquerque, José R. T. de

; Paiva, Emanoela P. de

; Oliveira, Francisco de A. de

; Silveira, Lindomar M. da

; Mendonça, Vander

; Barros Júnior, Aurélio P.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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dec 2022, Volume 26 N. 12 Pages 939 - 946

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO A soja destaca-se entre as culturas com maior aplicação da transgenia, principalmente para tolerância a herbicidas, pragas e doenças, mas são escassos estudos sobre estresse salino em plantas geneticamente modificadas. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar a tolerância ao estresse salino de genótipos de soja, tradicionais e geneticamente modificadas, nas fases de germinação e plântulas. Para tanto, foram utilizadas sementes de 13 genótipos de soja, sendo cinco tradicionais (BRS Carnaúba, BRS Pérola, BRS Tracajá, BRS Sambaíba e FTR-4389) e oito transgênicas (BRS Sambaíba RR, BRS-333-RR, BRS-9820-RR, PAS-13565-74-RR, PAS-11711-007-RR, BRS-918-IPRO, AS-3810-IPRO e M-8210-IPRO), submetidas a quatro potenciais osmóticos (0.0; -0.1; -0.2 e -0.3 MPa). A qualidade das sementes foi avaliada a partir das seguintes variáveis: porcentagem de germinação, índice de velocidade de germinação, comprimento da parte aérea, comprimento de raiz, acúmulo de massa seca e índice de tolerância à salinidade. Todas as variáveis foram afetadas pelo estresse salino. Os genótipos convencionais BRS Carnaúba, BRS Pérola, BRS Tracajá, BRS Sambaíba, bem como do grupo RR PAS-13565-74-RR e PAS-11711-007-RR são tolerantes à salinidade. Os genótipos FTR-4389 (convencional) BRS Sambaíba RR (RR) são menos tolerantes ao estresse salino. Todos os genótipos do grupo IPRO são moderadamente tolerantes ao estresse salino.

ABSTRACT Soybean stands out among the crops with the greatest application of transgenics, mainly for tolerance to herbicides, pests, and diseases; however, studies on salt stress in genetically modified plants are scarce. This study aimed to evaluate the tolerance of both traditional and genetically modified soybean genotypes to saline stress during the germination and seedling phases. Seeds of 13 soybean genotypes were selected (five traditional (BRS Carnaúba, BRS Pérola, BRS Tracajá, BRS Sambaíba, and FTR-4389) and eight transgenic (BRS Sambaíba RR, BRS-333-RR, BRS-9820- RR, PAS-13565-74-RR, PAS-11711-007-RR, BRS-918-IPRO, AS-3810-IPRO, and M-8210-IPRO)), subjected to four osmotic potentials (0.0, 0.1, -0.2, and -0.3 MPa). The seed quality was evaluated using the following variables: the germination percentage, germination speed index, shoot length, root length, dry mass accumulation, and salinity tolerance index. All variables were found to be affected by salt stress. However, the conventional genotypes, BRS Carnaúba, BRS Pérola, BRS Tracajá, and BRS Sambaíba, and the RR group PAS-13565-74-RR, and PAS-11711-007-RR were tolerant to salinity, whereas the genotypes FTR-4389 (conventional) and BRS Sambaíba RR (RR) were less tolerant to salt stress, and all genotypes in the IPRO group were moderately tolerant to salt stress.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v26n12p939-946

Watch and Wait, Worth It?
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Lins Neto, Manoel Álvaro de Freitas

; Salvador Filho, Luís Henrique Alves

; Coelho, Jorge Artur Peçanha de Miranda

; Rolim, João Otávio de Moraes

Journal of Coloproctology (Rio de Janeiro)

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dec 2022, Volume 42 N. 4 Pages 308 - 314

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Background The surgery with total mesorectal excision recommended by R. J. Heald in 1982 is the gold standard. Rectal cancer (RC) surgery has a morbidity rate ranging from 6 to 35%, and it can cause functional issues such as sexual, urinary, and bowel dysfunction in the long term. Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) has been gaining ground in patients with lesions in the middle and lower rectum. The aim of the present study is to present the experience of a reference service in the treatment of RC. Patients and Methods A retrospective study involving 53 patients diagnosed with RC between January 2017 and December 2019 with follow-up until December 2020. We examined tumor location, disease stage, digital rectal exam findings, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), therapeutic modality offered, and follow-up time. Results A total of 32% of the patients were men and 68% were women, with a mean age of 60 years old. Location: upper rectum in 6 cases, middle rectum in 21 cases, and lower rectum in 26 cases with evolution from 9.8 to 13.5 months. The most frequent complaints were hematochezia and constipation. A total of 36 patients underwent neoadjuvant therapy: 11 complete clinical response (CCR) (30.5%), 20 (55.5%) partial clinical response (PCR), and no response in 5 patients (14%). The follow-up ranged from 12 to 48 months, with a mean of 30.5 months. A total of 25% of the patients had RC that went beyond the mesorectal fascia, and 22.64% had metastases in other parts of the body when they were diagnosed. Conclusion Neoadjuvant radio and chemotherapy present themselves as an alternative in the treatment of rectal cancer. In 36 patients, 30.5% had a complete clinical response, 55.5% had a partial clinical response, and 14% had no response. It was worth doing the “Watch and Wait” (W&W) to sample. A definitive colostomy was avoided. However, it is necessary to expand the study to a larger follow-up and more patients. Additionally, it is necessary to implement a multicenter study.

https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1758206

A (-)-Carvona Modula a Sinalização de Cálcio Intracelular com Ação Antiarrítmica em Corações de Ratos
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Silva, Gilmara Beatriz Andrade da

; Souza, Diego Santos

; Menezes-Filho, José Evaldo Rodrigues

; Silva-Neto, Júlio Alves da

; Cruz, Jader dos Santos

; Roman-Campos, Danilo R.

; Quintans-Júnior, Lucindo José

; Vasconcelos, Carla Maria Lins de

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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aug 2022, Volume 119 N. 2 Pages 294 - 304

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Fundamento: A (-)-carvona é um monoterpeno encontrado em óleos essenciais com atividade antioxidante e anti-inflamátoria. Objetivos: O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a propriedade antiarrítmica da (-)-carvona no coração de rato e seus efeitos sobre a sinalização de Ca+2 intracelular. Métodos: Os efeitos da (-)-carvona foram avaliados sobre a contratilidade atrial (0,01 – 4 mM) e ventricular (0,5 mM), e no eletrocardiograma (0,5mM). A fração de encurtamento, a corrente de cálcio do tipo L (ICa,L) e a sinalização de Ca+2 foram medidas no cardiomiócito isolado (0,5 mM). O efeito antiarrítmico foi avaliado no modelo de arritmia induzida por sobrecarga de cálcio (0,5 mM) (n = 5). Um p < 0,05 foi adotado como nível de significância estatística. Resultados: No átrio, a (-)-carvona causou inotropismo negativo de maneira concentração-dependente (EC50 0,44 ± 0,11 mM) e diminuiu o inotropismo positivo induzido pelo CaCl2 (0,1 – 8,0 mM) e BAY K8644 (5 - 500 nM), um agonista de canal de cálcio do tipo L. Em coração isolado, a (-)-carvona (0,5mM) reduziu a contratilidade ventricular em 73% e a frequência cardíaca (em 46%), aumentou o Pri (30,7%, tempo desde o início da onda P até a onda R) e o QTc (9,2%, uma medida de despolarização e repolarização dos ventrículos), sem mudar a duração do complexo QRS. A (-)-carvona diminuiu a fração de encurtamento (61%), a (ICa,L) (79%) e o transiente intracelular de Ca+2 (38%). Além disso, a (-)-carvona apresentou ação antiarrítmica, identificada pela redução do escore de arritmia (85%) e ocorrência de fibrilação ventricular. Conclusão: A (-)-carvona reduz a entrada de Ca+2 através de canais de Ca+2 do tipo L e, assim, diminui a contratilidade cardíaca e o Ca+2 intracelular e apresenta promissora atividade antiarrítmica no coração de ratos.

Abstract Background: (-)-Carvone is a monoterpene found in essential oils with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. Objective: The aim of this paper was to analyze the antiarrhythmic property of (-)-carvone in the rat heart and its effects on the intracellular Ca2+ signaling. Methods: The effects of (-)-carvone were evaluated on the ventricular (0.5 mM) and atrial contractility (0.01 – 4 mM) and on electrocardiogram (0.5 mM). Fractional shortening, L-type calcium current (ICa,L) and Ca2+ signaling were measured in the isolated cardiomyocyte (0.5 mM). Antiarrhythmic effect was evaluated in arrhythmia model induced by calcium overload (0.5 mM) (n = 5). P < 0.05 was used as the significance level. Results: In the atrium, (-)-carvone evoked negative inotropism that was concentration-dependent (EC50 0.44 ± 0.11 mM) and decreased the positive inotropism evoked by CaCl2 (0.1 to 8.0 mM) or BAY K8644 (5 to 500 nM), an agonist of L-type Ca2+ channel. In isolated heart, (-)-carvone (0.5 mM) promoted reduction of ventricular contractility (73%) and heart rate (46%), increased PRi (30.7%, time from the onset of the P wave until the R wave) and QTc (9.2%, a measure of the depolarization and repolarization of the ventricles) without changing the QRS complex duration. (-)-Carvone decreased the fractional shortening (61%), ICa,L (79%) and Ca2+ intracellular transient (38%). Furthermore, (-)-carvone showed antiarrhythmic action, verified by decrease of the arrhythmia score (85%) and occurrence of ventricular fibrillation. Conclusion: (-)-Carvone decreases Ca2+ entry through L-type Ca2+ channels, reducing the cardiac contractility and intracellular Ca2+, and, therefore, presenting promising antiarrhythmic activity in the rat hearts.

https://doi.org/10.36660/abc.20210499

The Program for Biodiversity Research in Brazil: The role of regional networks for biodiversity knowledge, dissemination, and conservation
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ROSA, CLARISSA

; BACCARO, FABRICIO

; CRONEMBERGER, CECILIA

; HIPÓLITO, JULIANA

; BARROS, CLAUDIA FRANCA

; RODRIGUES, DOMINGOS DE JESUS

; NECKEL-OLIVEIRA, SELVINO

; OVERBECK, GERHARD E.

; DRECHSLER-SANTOS, ELISANDRO RICARDO

; ANJOS, MARCELO RODRIGUES DOS

; FERREGUETTI, ÁTILLA C.

; AKAMA, ALBERTO

; MARTINS, MARLÚCIA BONIFÁCIO

; TOMAS, WALFRIDO MORAES

; SANTOS, SANDRA APARECIDA

; FERREIRA, VANDA LÚCIA

; CUNHA, CATIA NUNES DA

; PENHA, JERRY

; PINHO, JOÃO BATISTA DE

; SALIS, SUZANA MARIA

; DORIA, CAROLINA RODRIGUES DA COSTA

; PILLAR, VALÉRIO D.

; PODGAISKI, LUCIANA R.

; MENIN, MARCELO

; BÍGIO, NARCÍSIO COSTA

; ARAGÓN, SUSAN

; MANZATTO, ANGELO GILBERTO

; VÉLEZ-MARTIN, EDUARDO

; SILVA, ANA CAROLINA BORGES LINS E

; IZZO, THIAGO JUNQUEIRA

; MORTATI, AMANDA FREDERICO

; GIACOMIN, LEANDRO LACERDA

; ALMEIDA, THAÍS ELIAS

; ANDRÉ, THIAGO

; SILVEIRA, MARIA AUREA PINHEIRO DE ALMEIDA

; SILVEIRA, ANTÔNIO LAFFAYETE PIRES DA

; MESSIAS, MARILUCE REZENDE

; MARQUES, MARCIA C.M.

; PADIAL, ANDRE ANDRIAN

; MARQUES, RENATO

; BITAR, YOUSZEF O.C.

; SILVEIRA, MARCOS

; MORATO, ELDER FERREIRA

; PAGOTTO, RUBIANI DE CÁSSIA

; STRUSSMANN, CHRISTINE

; MACHADO, RICARDO BOMFIM

; AGUIAR, LUDMILLA MOURA DE SOUZA

; FERNANDES, GERALDO WILSON

; OKI, YUMI

; NOVAIS, SAMUEL

; FERREIRA, GUILHERME BRAGA

; BARBOSA, FLÁVIA RODRIGUES

; OCHOA, ANA C.

; MANGIONE, ANTONIO M.

; GATICA, AILIN

; CARRIZO, MARÍA CELINA

; RETTA, LUCÍA MARTINEZ

; JOFRÉ, LAURA E.

; CASTILLO, LUCIANA L.

; NEME, ANDREA M.

; RUEDA, CARLA

; TOLEDO, JOSÉ JULIO DE

; GRELLE, CARLOS EDUARDO VIVEIROS

; VALE, MARIANA M.

; VIEIRA, MARCUS VINICIUS

; CERQUEIRA, RUI

; HIGASHIKAWA, EMÍLIO MANABU

; MENDONÇA, FERNANDO PEREIRA DE

; GUERREIRO, QUÊZIA LEANDRO DE MOURA

; BANHOS, AUREO

; HERO, JEAN-MARC

; KOBLITZ, RODRIGO

; COLLEVATTI, ROSANE GARCIA

; SILVEIRA, LUÍS FÁBIO

; VASCONCELOS, HERALDO L.

; VIEIRA, CECÍLIA RODRIGUES

; COLLI, GUARINO RINALDI

; CECHIN, SONIA ZANINI

; SANTOS, TIAGO GOMES DOS

; FONTANA, CARLA S.

; JARENKOW, JOÃO A.

; MALABARBA, LUIZ R.

; RUEDA, MARTA P.

; ARAUJO, PUBLIO A.

; PALOMO, LUCAS

; ITURRE, MARTA C.

; BERGALLO, HELENA GODOY

; MAGNUSSON, WILLIAM E.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2021, Volume 93 N. 2 elocation e20201604

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract The Program for Biodiversity Research (PPBio) is an innovative program designed to integrate all biodiversity research stakeholders. Operating since 2004, it has installed long-term ecological research sites throughout Brazil and its logic has been applied in some other southern-hemisphere countries. The program supports all aspects of research necessary to understand biodiversity and the processes that affect it. There are presently 161 sampling sites (see some of them at Supplementary Appendix), most of which use a standardized methodology that allows comparisons across biomes and through time. To date, there are about 1200 publications associated with PPBio that cover topics ranging from natural history to genetics and species distributions. Most of the field data and metadata are available through PPBio web sites or DataONE. Metadata is available for researchers that intend to explore the different faces of Brazilian biodiversity spatio-temporal variation, as well as for managers intending to improve conservation strategies. The Program also fostered, directly and indirectly, local technical capacity building, and supported the training of hundreds of undergraduate and graduate students. The main challenge is maintaining the long-term funding necessary to understand biodiversity patterns and processes under pressure from global environmental changes.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202120201604 1034 downloads

BIOGAS YIELD AND PRODUCTIVENESS OF SWINE MANURE FOR DIFFERENT REACTOR CONFIGURATIONS
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Lins, Marcos A.

; Steinmetz, Ricardo L. R.

; Amaral, André C. do

; Kunz, Airton

Engenharia Agrícola

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dec 2020, Volume 40 N. 6 Pages 664 - 673

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The progression of the organic loading rate (OLR) up to a certain limit increases biogas production. The limit and operation range vary according to the configuration of the reactor and are associated with other variables that generate different results with respect to biogas yield (BY) and biogas productiveness (BP). The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the OLR on the BY and BP from swine manure in continuous stirred tank reactors (CSTRs) and upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactors (UASBs). In the assay with the CSTR, the best operational condition was at an OLR of 0.7 gVS add L−1 reactor d−1 and a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 18 days. At this operational condition, 0.8 LN biogas gVS add−1 of BY and 0.6 LN biogas L−1 reactor d−1 of BP were obtained. In the assay with the UASB, the best operational condition was at an OLR of 2.2 gVS add L−1 reactor d−1 and an HRT of two days, and 0.7 LN biogas gvs add−1 of BY and 1.6 LN biogas L−1 reactor d−1 of BP were obtained. The results demonstrate the effects of OLR changes on the biogas production in the CSTR and UASB, avoiding the underutilization or overloading of such equipment and enabling collaboration in projects for power generation from biogas in swine farms.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4430-eng.agric.v40n6p664-673/2020 929 downloads

Qualidade da água no semiárido e seus efeitos nos atributos do solo e na cultura da Moringa oleifera Lam.
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Filho, Gilberto S. Tavares

; Silva, Danilo F. da

; Mascarenhas, Nágela M. H.

; Lins, Renan C.

; Oliveira, Fabio F. de

; Araújo, Cicero A. de S.

; Matias, Sammy S. R.

; Araújo, Cicero A. F.

; Freitas Neto, José P. de

Revista de Ciências Agrárias

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sep 2020, Volume 43 N. 3 Pages 84 - 103

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO A salinidade é um dos principais problemas enfrentados pela agricultura irrigada no semiárido, em função dos efeitos osmóticos e toxidade dos íons. Estes fatores refletem negativamente no crescimento e no desenvolvimento dos vegetais principalmente nas primeiras fases de seu desenvolvimento. O objetivo do presente estudo é verificar a qualidade da água no semiárido e seus efeitos nos atributos do solo e na cultura da Moringa oleifera Lam., por meio de uma revisão bibliográfica. A qualidade da água interfere nos atributos químicos e físicos dos solos como também na muda e planta, decorrente do acumulo dos sais presente na solução, ocasionado o aumento da salinidade e sodicidade a níveis não tolerante a maioria das espécies cultivadas. Os estudos existentes apontam uma tolerância para um nível de salinidade de até 2 dS. m-1, para a cultura da Moringa oleifera Lam, acima disso existe uma diminuição do desenvolvimento e crescimento da planta. O uso de água salinas é mais tolerante para as culturas do que para os seres humanos, em virtude dos mecanismos de defesa ou separação dos componentes tóxicos do não tóxicos das plantas. Porém, nas duas situações o uso adequado passa pelo manejo apropriado que possa separar os sais presente na solução ou diminuir suas concentrações para níveis aceitáveis para a cultura, evitando assim, o empobrecimento do solo no tocante a disponibilidade de água e nutrientes para as plantas. Realizar mais pesquisas sobre o assunto é imprescindível, principalmente para regiões que a qualidade da água é afetada por razões climáticas como o semiárido, possibilitando e subsidiando o cultivo de espécies nesta região, que não possui o fornecimento de água com qualidade, melhorando a fixação e desenvolvimento econômico do homem na região.

ABSTRACT Salinity is one of the main problems faced by irrigated agriculture in the semiarid region, due to the osmotic effects and ion toxicity. These factors reflect negatively on the growth and development of plants, especially in the early stages of their development. The objective of the present study is to verify the quality of the water in the semi-arid and its effects on the attributes of the soil and on the culture of Moringa oleifera Lam., Through a bibliographic review. The quality of the water interferes in the chemical and physical attributes of the soil as well as in the seedling and plant, due to the accumulation of salts present in the solution, causing the increase in salinity and sodicity at levels not tolerant to most of the cultivated species. Existing studies indicate a tolerance for a salinity level of up to 2 dS. m-1, for the culture of Moringa oleifera Lam, above that there is a decrease in the development and growth of the plant. The use of saline water is more tolerant for crops than for humans, due to the defense mechanisms or separation of toxic and non-toxic components of plants. However, in both situations, proper use involves appropriate management that can separate the salts present in the solution or decrease their concentrations to levels acceptable for the crop, thus avoiding soil depletion with regard to the availability of water and nutrients for the plants. Conducting more research on the subject is essential, especially for regions where water quality is affected by climatic reasons such as semi-arid, enabling and subsidizing the cultivation of species in this region, which does not have a quality water supply, improving fixation and economic development of man in the region.

https://doi.org/10.19084/rca.20722 46 downloads

Ageing in organizations
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Tonelli, Maria Jose

; Pereira, Jussara

; Cepellos, Vanessa

; Lins, João

RAUSP Management Journal

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jun 2020, Volume 55 N. 2 Pages 127 - 142

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Purpose This paper aims to show which factors influence the perception of human resources professionals about managers over 50 years old and which factors guide the age management practices adopted in the surveyed companies. Design/methodology/approach To this end, a survey was conducted with 140 companies accessed from a database of a human resources association. Through the answers obtained through the online questionnaire, an exploratory factor analysis was made with the aid of Software R. Findings Thus, it was possible to identify four factors that explain the work posture of professionals 50 years of age and older (company expectations, performance, morality and knowledge and professionalism) and three factors that guide the adoption of age management practices in organizations (recruitment & selection and integration, retention and continuity in the company, adaptation to the needs). Originality/value The results suggest that, even considering the high performance of older managers, perceived by HR professionals, the adoption of age management practices is still insufficient, making it difficult for these professionals to enter and remain in organizations. Moreover, it can be inferred that such posture indicates biases of discrimination and age stereotypes.

https://doi.org/10.1108/rausp-08-2018-0062 537 downloads

10.

RP-HPLC and LC–MS–MS determination of a bioactive artefact from Ipomoea pes-caprae extract
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Barth, Cristiane da Silva

; Souza, Hugo Guilherme Tolentino de

; Rocha, Lilian W.

; Madeira, Camilla Regina de Souza

; Assis, Camila

; Bonomini, Tiago

; Malheiros, Angela

; Sandjo, Louis P.

; Niero, Rivaldo

; Filho, Cechinel

; Couto, Angelica Garcia

; Santin, José Roberto

; Quintão, Nara Lins Meira

; Bresolin, Tania Mari Belle

Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia

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oct 2019, Volume 29 N. 5 Pages 570 - 577

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Solvents play important and critical role in natural product chemistry and could generate artefacts during the extraction and purification of metabolites from a biological matrix. This study aimed to correlate the chromatographic profile with biological activity of Ipomoea pes-caprae (L.) R. Br., Convolvulaceae, extracts obtained with hydroethanolic extraction. Thus, aerial parts of I. pes-caprae were extracted with different concentration of ethanol (50, 70 and 90°GL) and the obtained extracts were analysed by HPLC–UV. HPLC data were studied employing chemometrics to discriminate the samples. Moreover these samples were further characterized by using UPLC–QTOF/MS data. The extracts were also biomonitored through the paw-oedema and spontaneous nociception induced by trypsin in mice. Different chromatographic profiles were obtained and the exploratory analysis clearly revealed higher level of ethyl caffeate in extracts of lower strength of ethanol (50°GL). This compound was suggested to be an artefact formed by transesterification of caffeoylquinic acid derivatives present in the plant, once it was not observed when other solvents were employed. During the biological assay, only the extract obtained with ethanol 50°GL presented significant inhibition of inflammation (45 ± 9%) and nociception (24 ± 3%). Ethyl caffeate seems to be linked to the anti-inflammatory effect since it reduced 86 ± 5% of paw-oedema induced by trypsin. Artefacts could contribute to the biological activity of herbal preparations and consequently lead to misinterpretation of the results.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjp.2019.05.005 472 downloads

11.

Effect of High-pressure Torsion on Corrosion Behavior of a Solution-treated Al-Mg-Sc Alloy in a Saline Solution
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Lage, Michelle Dias Alves

; Soares, Renata Braga

; Pereira, Pedro Henrique R.

; Figueiredo, Roberto B.

; Lins, Vanessa Freitas C.

; Langdon, Terence G.

Materials Research

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2019, Volume 22 N. 5 elocation e20190343

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The effect of the increase in crystalline defects in the structure generated by high-pressure torsion (HPT) on the corrosion behavior of metallic materials is not well understood. This report evaluates the influence of HPT on the corrosion behavior of a solution treated Al-3wt% Mg-0.2wt% Sc alloy in a 3.5 wt./v.% NaCl solution. The electrochemical behavior of the alloy was evaluated using cyclic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), Mott Schottky, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and chronoamperometry testing. The passive current density decreased after HPT processing, indicating a more protective oxide layer was formed on the surface of the HPT-processed alloy. Mott Schottky analysis confirmed the higher protection efficiency of the passive layer on the HPT-processed alloy. The film formed in the solution-treated alloy was a p-type and an n-type semiconductor while the alloy processed by HPT exhibited only an n-type semiconductor behavior. EIS showed that corrosion resistance in a saline medium increased with HPT processing.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5373-mr-2019-0343 616 downloads

12.

Chlorophyll a fluorescence in saccharine sorghum irrigated with saline water
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Monteiro, Danilo R.

; Melo, Hidelblandi F. de

; Lins, Cintia M. T.

; Dourado, Pablo R. M.

; Santos, Hugo R. B.

; Souza, Edivan R. de

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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oct 2018, Volume 22 N. 10 Pages 673 - 678

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO A salinidade do solo afeta diretamente os vegetais interferindo na emissão da fluorescência, além de promover a degradação dos pigmentos fotossintéticos. Assim, estimar o dano no aparato fotossintético provocado por águas salinas é uma ferramenta para detectar o nível de estresses abióticos. Para tanto, plantas de sorgo sacarino foram cultivadas em ambiente protegido e irrigadas com duas fontes de água (NaCl e Mistura de sais) com seis níveis de condutividade elétrica – CE (0; 2,5; 5; 7,5; 10 e 12,5 dS m-1) formando um fatorial de 6 x 2 em blocos ao acaso com 4 repetições. Aos 60 dias após a semeadura, os pigmentos fotossintéticos foram quantificados, além de avaliar os parâmetros da fluorescência da clorofila a: fluorescência inicial (F0); fluorescência variável (Fv); fluorescência máxima (Fm); eficiência quântica do fotossistema II - PSII (Fv/Fm); fluxo de transporte de elétrons por centro de reação (ET0/CR); energia dissipada por centro de reação (DI0/CR) e rendimento quântico da energia dissipada (φD0). Os pigmentos fotossintéticos apresentaram reduções com o aumento da salinidade da água de irrigação, sendo mais expressivas nas maiores condutividades elétricas. Com o desgaste do aparato fotossintético pelo aumento da salinidade, observou-se a redução na emissão da fluorescência da clorofila a, apontando para possível fotoinibição do fotossistema II.

ABSTRACT Soil salinity directly affects plants, interfering in the emission of fluorescence, and promoting the degradation of photosynthetic pigments. Thus, estimating the damage to the photosynthetic apparatus caused by saline water is an important tool to detect abiotic stresses. For this purpose, sorghum plants were cultivated in a greenhouse and irrigated with two water sources (NaCl and salt mixture) with six levels of electrical conductivity (EC) (0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, and 12.5 dS m-1), forming a 6 × 2 factorial in randomized blocks with four repetitions. At 60 days after sowing, the photosynthetic pigments were quantified, the chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters (initial fluorescence [F0]; variable fluorescence [Fv]; maximum fluorescence [Fm]; quantum efficiency of photosystem II - PSII [Fv/Fm]; electron flux per reaction center [ET0/CR]; quantum energy dissipation [DI0/CR] and quantum yield for heat dissipation [φD0]) were evaluated. The photosynthetic pigments were decreased with an increase in the salinity of the irrigation water, and were more expressive at higher electrical conductivities. With the wear on the photosynthetic apparatus by the increase in salinity, a reduction in the emission of the chlorophyll a fluorescence was observed, pointing to a possible photoinhibition of photosystem II.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v22n10p673-678 997 downloads

13.

Acaricidal activity of extracts from different structures of Piper tuberculatum against larvae and adults of Rhipicephalus microplus
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BRAGA, Andrina Guimarães Silva

; SOUZA, Krishna Ferri Alencar de

; BARBIERI, Fabio da Silva

; FERNANDES, Cleberson de Freitas

; ROCHA, Rodrigo Barros

; VIEIRA JUNIOR, José Roberto

; LACERDA, Clariana Lins

; CELESTINO, Caroline Oliveira

; FACUNDO, Valdir Alves

; BRITO, Luciana Gatto

Acta Amazonica

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mar 2018, Volume 48 N. 1 Pages 57 - 62

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Estratégias de controle do carrapato dos bovinos, Rhipicephalus microplus, fundamentam-se na utilização de pesticidas. Os principais grupos químicos utilizados atualmente mostram-se ineficazes devido ao surgimento de populações resistentes. A pesquisa de novas moléculas com eficiência acaricida é uma necessidade para manutenção da produtividade dos rebanhos bovinos estabelecidos em regiões de clima tropical. Avaliamos a atividade de Piper tuberculatum para o controle de fêmeas ingurgitadas e larvas de R. microplus através de bioensaios de imersão de adultos e de pacotes de larvas. As concentrações avaliadas foram de 50; 25; 12,50; 6,25; 3,12 e 1,56 mg mL-1 de extrato etanólico de folha, talo e fruto de P. tuberculatum. As concentrações letais para 50% dos indivíduos (CL50) após 24 horas de exposição de larvas de R. microplus foram 3,62; 3,99 e 5,30 mg mL-1 para os extratos etanólicos de fruto, talo e folha, respectivamente. Para fêmeas ingurgitadas, a maior eficácia resultou da concentração de 50 mg mL-1 de extrato de fruto (71.57%). O principal efeito dos extratos etanólicos de P. tuberculatum foi sobre a eclodibilidade, com uma redução de 55.63% para extratos de fruto e folha. P. tuberculatum mostra-se promissora como fonte de moléculas candidatas a uso em pesticidas, em formulações destinadas ao controle das infestações de R. microplus.

ABSTRACT The strategies to control the cattle tick, Rhipicephalus microplus are based mainly on the use of synthetic pesticides. However, the emergence, establishment, and development of resistance of ticks is rendering the main chemical groups ineffective. Finding new molecules to effectively control infestations by R. microplus is necessary to maintain the productivity of cattle herds, particularly of taurine breeds established in equatorial and tropical regions of the world. Ethanol extracts from the leaves, stems, and fruits of Piper tuberculatum were evaluated in bioassays at concentrations of 50, 25, 12.50, 6.25, 3.12 and 1.56 mg mL-1. The concentrations lethal to 50% of the individuals (LC50) of tick larvae after 24 hours of exposure were 3.62, 3.99 and 5.30 mg mL-1 for fruit, stem and leaf extracts, respectively. Against the engorged females, the highest efficacy rates were obtained at the concentration of 50 mg mL-1, corresponding to 71.57%, 68.38% and 37.03% of the fruit, leaf and stem extracts, respectively. The main effect of the ethanol extracts was on the egg hatching rate of ticks, with a reduction of 55.63% for the fruit and leaf extracts, and 20.82% for the stem extract. The results show that P. tuberculatum is a promising source of molecules for use as active ingredients in pesticide formulations for R. microplus control.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4392201700053 1753 downloads

14.

Questionário de Necessidade de Emoções (NAQ-S): Validade de Construto, Invariância e Fidedignidade
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Coelho, Gabriel Lins de Holanda

; Maio, Gregory R.

; Gouveia, Valdiney V.

; Wolf, Lukas Jarmo

; Monteiro, Renan Pereira

Psico-USF

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dec 2017, Volume 22 N. 3 Pages 461 - 472

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Resumo Dois estudos (N = 457) examinaram as propriedades psicométricas da versão reduzida do Questionário de Necessidade de Emoções (Need for Affect Questionnaire: NAQ-S) no contexto brasileiro. No primeiro estudo, uma análise de componentes principais indicou uma estrutura bifatorial, com cinco itens cada: aproximação (α = 0,70) e evitação (α = 0,75). Confirmou-se essa estrutura no segundo estudo (GFI = 0,92; CFI = 0,90), mostrando-se invariante quanto ao sexo. Para verificar os correlatos do NAQ-S, utilizou-se, nos dois estudos, medidas que visam avaliar os valores humanos, a solidão e a necessidade de pertença, além dos cinco fatores da personalidade no segundo estudo. Os resultados demonstraram que uma maior necessidade de emoção foi associada com maior extroversão, maiores escores em valores de experimentação e interativos, e escores mais baixos de solidão. Os estudos apresentam suporte de validade do NAQ-S no Brasil, mostrando sua utilidade para fins de pesquisa.

Abstract Two studies (N=457) examined the psychometric properties of the short version of the Need for Affect Questionnaire (NAQ-S) in the Brazilian context. In the first study, a principal components analysis indicated a two-factor structure, with five items each: approach (α= .70) and avoidance (α= .75). This structure was confirmed in the second study (GFI= .92; CFI= .90), and it was invariant across gender. To verify the correlates of NAQ-S, we used measures to evaluate the human values, loneliness and need to belong in both studies, besides the five personality factors in the second study. The results showed that higher need for affect was associated with higher extraversion, higher scores in excitement and interactive values, and with lower loneliness scores. The studies support the validity of the NAQ-S in Brazil, showing its usefulness for research purposes.

Resumen Dos estudios (N=457) examinaron las propriedades psicométricas de la versión reducida del Cuestionario de Necesidad de Emociones (Need for Affect Questionnaire; NAQ-S) en el contexto brasileño. En el primer estudio, un análisis de componentes principales indicó una estructura bifactorial, con cinco ítems cada una: aproximación (α = .70) y evitación (α = .75). Se confirmó esta estructura en el segundo estudio (GFI=.92; FCI=.90), mostrándose invariable con relación al sexo. Para verificar las correlaciones del NAQ-S, fue utilizado en ambos estudios medidas que tienden a evaluar los valores humanos, la soledad y la necesidad de pertenencia, además de evaluarse en el segundo estudio los cinco factores de personalidad. Los resultados mostraron que una mayor necesidad de emoción, fue asociada con mayor extraversión, con resultados mayores en valores de experimentación e interactivos, y resultados más bajos de soledad. Los estudios presentan apoyo de validez del NAQ-S en Brasil, mostrando su utilidad para fines de investigación.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-82712017220307 2987 downloads

15.

Analysis of 18 bp Ins/Del at -2549 polymorphism of the vascular endothelial growth factor gene in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
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Cassemiro, Évelin M.

; Alves, Daiani Cristina C.

; Freire, Daniel O.

; Ferreira, Lusitano B.

; Lins, Carlos Eduardo C.

; Silva, Izabel Cristina R.

; Haddad, Rodrigo

Jornal Brasileiro de Patologia e Medicina Laboratorial

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nov 2017, Volume 53 N. 6 Pages 400 - 402

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O lúpus eritematoso sistêmico (LES) é considerado uma doença autoimune devido à atuação de autoanticorpos, que ocasionam inflamações crônicas em diversos tecidos corporais. Considerando o envolvimento do fator de crescimento vascular endotelial (VEGF) no desenvolvimento da inflamação, este trabalho objetivou avaliar a frequência do polimorfismo na posição -2549 (Ins/Del 18pb, rs35569394) em pacientes com LES, comparando-os com indivíduos saudáveis. Não foram encontradas diferenças estatísticas ao comparar as frequências alélicas e genotípicas entre pacientes e controles, sugerindo que não há associação entre o desenvolvimento de LES e o polimorfismo estudado.

ABSTRACT Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is considered an autoimmune disease characterized by the action of autoantibodies, which cause chronic inflammation in various tissues of the body. Considering the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) participation in the development of inflammation, this study aimed to evaluate the frequency of the polymorphism at the -2549 position (Ins/Del 18pb, rs35569394) in patients with SLE and in healthy individuals. No statistical differences were found when comparing the allele and genotype frequencies between patients and controls, suggesting that there is no association between the studied polymorphism and the development of SLE.

https://doi.org/10.5935/1676-2444.20170064 558 downloads

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