Abstract Objectives: To characterize the impact of the current COVID-19 pandemic on anxiety, fear, and stress among oral health professionals. Methods: We used an online self-applied questionnaire sent via email to three dental associations. Categorical variables were described using absolute and relative frequencies. Continuous variables were described using the mean and standard deviation. We used a multiple linear regression model to test whether the different variables in the questionnaire could predict anxiety. Results: The participation rate was 21.1%, and most participants were female (67.2%). The GAD-7 scale revealed that 18.3% of the professionals presented moderate and severe anxiety disorder and 39.5% mild anxiety. Almost all participants (86.7%) feared infecting family and friends. The new working conditions affected the daily life of 42.8% of the individuals. Being female, being afraid of infecting family and friends, the pandemic negatively affecting the profession, losing income, and new working conditions were statistically significant predictors for increased anxiety (p < 0.05). On the contrary, as the number of years of clinical practice increased, anxiety decreased significantly (p=0.006). Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively affected oral health professionals. Prevention measures and infection control protocols must be strictly followed to decrease vírus transmission and, consequently, reduce the anxiety, stress, and fear felt by these professionals.

Resumo Objetivos: Caracterizar o impacto da atual pandemia de COVID-19 na ansiedade, medo e stress nos profissionais de saúde oral. Métodos: Utilizou-se um questionário autoaplicado online que foi enviado, via email, para três associações na área da Medicina Dentária. As variáveis categóricas foram descritas através de frequências absolutas e relativas. As variáveis contínuas foram descritas utilizando a média e o desvio-padrão. Utilizou-se um modelo de regressão linear múltipla para selecionar preditores da ansiedade avaliados no questionário. Resultados: Obteve-se uma taxa de participação de 21,1%. A maioria dos participantes era do sexo feminino (67,2%). Através da escala GAD-7 apurámos que 18,3% dos profissionais apresentaram uma perturbação de ansiedade moderada e grave. A maioria dos participantes (86,7%) referiu ter medo de infetar os familiares e amigos. Verificámos que ser do sexo feminino, o medo de infetar a família e amigos, a possibilidade de a pandemia afetar negativamente a profissão, a perda de rendimentos e as novas condições de trabalho eram preditores estaticamente significativos para o aumento da ansiedade (p < 0,05). Pelo contrário, à medida que o número de anos de prática clínica aumenta, a ansiedade diminui significativamente (p=0,006). Conclusões: A pandemia de COVID-19 afetou negativamente os profissionais de saúde oral. As medidas de prevenção e os protocolos de controlo de infeção devem ser rigorosamente cumpridos, para que haja diminuição da transmissão do vírus e, consequentemente, diminua a ansiedade, o stress e o medo sentidos por estes profissionais.

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as propriedades físico-química e sensorial da carne de cordeiros Santa Inês submetidos a restrições quantitativas de nutrientes. Vinte e quatro animais confinados receberam dietas com 30% e 60% de restrição alimentar e foram comparados ao grupo controle sem restrição alimentar (ad libitum). Após o abate, o músculo Longissimus thoracis et lumborum (LTL) foi coletado para avaliação, tendo sido a carne de cordeiro afetada pelas restrições alimentares (p < 0,05). O conteúdo lipídico diminuiu com o aumento da restrição, enquanto a resistência ao cisalhamento, a luminosidade (L*) e o índice de vermelho (a*) foram menores nos cordeiros tratados com 60% de restrição e houve variação significativa (p < 0,05) nas propriedades sensoriais de acordo com a dieta. Em razão do maior escore quanto ao aroma e à similaridade ao controle em relação ao sabor, à maciez e à avaliação global, o nível de restrição alimentar de 30% pode ser considerado uma alternativa econômica e eficiente para a manutenção da qualidade da carne de cordeiro.

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical and sensory properties of the meat of Santa Ines lambs subjected to quantitative nutrient restrictions. Twenty-four confined animals received diets with 30% and 60% feeding restriction levels, and were compared to a controlled group without feeding restrictions (ad libitum). After slaughter, the Longissimus thoracis et lumborum (LTL) muscle was collected for the evaluation, being the lamb meat was affected by the feeding restrictions (p < 0.05). The lipid content decreased with the increased restriction, whereas the shear strength, the lightness (L*) and the red index (a*) were lower in lambs treated with the 60% restriction and there were significant variation (p < 0.05) in the sensory properties according to diet. Due to the greater score in relation to aroma and similarity to control with respect to flavor, tenderness and overall evaluation, the 30% feeding restriction level can be considered an economic and efficient alternative for the maintenance of quality in lamb meat.

O presente estudo teve como principal objetivo analisar a presença (ou não) de sintomatologia psicopatológica nos pais das crianças com PEA (perturbação do espetro do autismo), bem como estudar o grau de satisfação destes com o suporte social. Para este efeito, investigámos uma amostra de 246 pais em que pelo menos um filho é portador de PEA. Utilizaram-se três instrumentos, nomeadamente um Questionário Sociobiográfico; o Inventário de Sintomas Psicopatológicos (BSI; Derogatis, 1982, versão portuguesa de Canavarro, 1999); e a Escala de Satisfação com o Suporte Social (Pais-Ribeiro, 2011). Os resultados indicaram que: (1) as mães das crianças com PEA apresentam maior sintomatologia psicopatológica do que os pais; (2) os pais e mães com 3 ou mais filhos percecionam índices de maior satisfação com a família comparativamente aos pais e mães com 1 ou 2 filhos; (3) existe uma correlação negativa entre todas as dimensões do suporte social e as da sintomatologia psicopatológica; (4) o sexo feminino é uma variável preditora para algumas das dimensões de sintomatologia psicopatológica. Os resultados foram discutidos com o intuito de proporcionar algumas diretrizes na intervenção clínica com pais de crianças com PEA.

The present study had as main objective to analyze the presence (or not) of psychopathological symptomatology in the parents of children with ASD (autism spectrum disorder), as well as to study their degree of satisfaction with social support. For this effect, a sample of 246 parents in which at least a son is a bearer of ASD was investigated. Three instruments were used, namely Sociobiographical questionnaire; Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI; Derogatis, 1982, portuguese version of Canavarro, 1999); and Social Support Satisfaction Scale (Pais-Ribeiro, 2011). The results indicated that: (1) mothers of the children with ASD present higher levels of psychopathological symptomatology than the fathers; (2) parents with 3 or more children present higher rates of satisfaction with the family comparatively to the parents with 1 or 2 children; (3) there are a negative correlation between all the dimensions of the social support and of the psychopathological symptomatology; (4) female is a predictor for some of the psychopathological symptoms dimensions. The results were discussed with the intention of providing some directives in the clinical intervention with children’s and parents with ASD.

En el Centro de Investigación La Selva, de la Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (CORPOICA), se realizó la evaluación de la colección colombiana de achira, Canna edulis Ker Gawl. (Cannaceae). Este proceso de caracterización se desarrolló de acuerdo con variables cualitativas y cuantitativas, y mediante la inclusión de nuevas variables que comprendieron 40 atributos cualitativos (192 estados) y 31 cuantitativos (26 atributos continuos y 5 discontinuos). Se obtuvo variabilidad en 39 de las 40 variables cualitativas, lo que señala un 95,12% de polimorfismo en los atributos registrados, con similitudes máximas del 90% y mínimas del 50%. Por su parte, todas las 31 características cuantitativas registradas exhibieron variabilidad entre las introducciones de la colección. En el periodo de registro de la información, 16 de las accesiones no exhibieron floración, lo cual indica que hay diferencias en el comportamiento dentro del mismo ambiente, atribuibles a la constitución genética. El conocimiento logrado permitirá utilizar la colección de este recurso biológico para apoyar el desarrollo del cultivo de la especie, a través de la oferta per se de materiales, de programas de selección, del desarrollo de cultivares y de la recolección de estados de descriptores no presentes en la colección.

An evaluation of the Colombian collection of achira Canna edulis Ker Gawl. (Cannaceae) was carried out at La Selva Research Station, of the Colombian Corporation for Agricultural Research (CORPOICA). The characterization process consisted of measuring qualitative and quantitative variables. The measured variables included forty (40) qualitative attributes with 192 polymorphic stages and thirty-one (31) quantitative attributes with twenty-six (26) continuous and five (5) discontinuous attributes. Variability was observed in 39 of the 41 qualitative variables, which indicates a 95.12% polymorphism rate of the recorded attributes, with a maximum of 90% and minimum of 50% similarity among accessions. On the other hand, all 31 recorded quantitative attributes exhibited variability among plant materials in the collection. In addition, 16 plant materials did not produce any inflorescences during the study, which indicates that there are behavioral differences under the same environment which are likely associated to their genetic makeup. The knowledge gained from this study will enable to use the collection of this biological resource to support the development of this species as a crop by supplying plant materials that could be used in selection programs, development of cultivars and the gathering of states of descriptors not present in the collection.

No Centro de Pesquisa La Selva, da Corporação Colombiana de Pesquisa Agropecuária (CORPOICA),realizou-se a avaliação da coleção colombiana de achira, Canna edulis Ker Gawl. (Cannaceae). Este processo de caracterização desenvolveu-se de acordo com variáveis qualitativas e quantitativas e mediante a inclusão de novas variáveis que compreendeu 40 atributos qualitativos (192 estados) e 31 quantitativos (26 atributos contínuos e 5 descontínuos). Obteve-se variabilidade em 39 das 40 variáveis qualitativas, o que assinala um 95,12% de polimorfismo nos atributos registrados, com similitudes máximas do 90% e mínimas do 50%. Pela sua parte, todas as 31 características quantitativas registradas exibiram variabilidade entre as introduções da coleção. No período de registro da informação, 16 das acessões não exibiram floração, o qual indica que há diferenças no comportamento dentro do mesmo ambiente, atribuíveis à constituição genética. O conhecimento conseguido permitirá utilizar a coleção deste recurso biológico para apoiar o desenvolvimento da cultura da espécie, através da oferta per se de materiais, de programas de seleção, do desenvolvimento de cultivares e da colheita de estados de descritores não presentes na coleção.

La investigación realizada en el CI La Selva de Corpoica, Rionegro-Antioquia, a 2.120 msnm, formación ecológica bosque húmedo montano bajo, buscó caracterizar el crecimiento y desarrollo de plantas de mortiño, Vaccinium meridionale Sw., provenientes de poblaciones espontáneas, obtenidas a partir de semilla y multiplicación vegetativa. Estas se trasplantaron a rizotrones, con vidrios laterales en dos de sus costados, para el registro del crecimiento de las raíces. Las plantas tomaron 1.663 y 1.367 días, desde la siembra de la semilla y el enraizamiento de estacas a floración, respectivamente. Las raíces de ambos tipos de material no presentaron pelos radicales. En las dos clases de plantas no se apreciaron períodos de alternancia en el crecimiento de las órganos aéreos y los subterráneos, con relaciones alométricas entre la parte aérea y las raíces del orden de 6,3 para los individuos obtenidos por semilla y 7,0 para los de multiplicación asexual. A pesar de que se detectaron flujos de floración, se apreció formación continua de flores en ambos materiales. Los registros de desarrollo, en las plantas propagadas sexualmente, exhibieron una mayor dispersión que aquellos obtenidos con las multiplicadas vegetativamente.

A research was carried out at Corpoica's La Selva, Experiment Station located at Rionegro, Antioquia, Colombia, at 2.120 masl in the ecological zone Low Mountain Rain Forest. The objective was to characterize growth and development of andean blueberry Vaccinium meridionale Sw., plants, obtained by seed and clonal propagation, from a wild population of the species. Four plants of each type were transplanted to rizhotrons, with glasses on two sides, which allowed the root growth recording. The plants coming from seed spent 1.663 days from sowing to flowering, and those derived from rooted cuttings 1.367 days. In both types, the roots lack root hairs. Also, in both kinds of materials, there was evidence for non alternating periods of root and aerial organs growth, with 6.28 and 7.00 as allometric indexes between the aerial part and the roots for the individuals obtained by sexual and asexual propagation. In spite of the occurrence of periods of increased flower production, after the beginning of the flowering to the end of the research, these organs were detected in both types of materials. There was a greater interplant variability in the growth values obtained in the sexual plants than those of the clonal ones.

Se estudió la germinación y latencia de las semillas de Vasconcellea cundinamarcensis y V. goudotiana, para desarrollar procedimientos promotores de emergencia de los embriones. La categorización de las semillas viables no germinables se realizó con el empleo del tetrazolio. La fermentación prolongada de las semillas, para remover la sarcotesta, afectó la viabilidad de éstas, en especial las de V. cundinamarcensis. Aplicaciones de KNO3 y AG3 promovieron una germinación significativamente mayor, en comparación con el testigo, en semillas fermentadas previamente durante 15 días de V. goudotiana, lo cual no ocurrió en las de V. cundinamarcensis. La aplicación de Saccharomyces cerevisiae durante 36 horas, para fermentación y liberación de la sarcotesta, indujo germinación en las dos especies, con una respuesta significativamente superior en V. goudotiana. La adición de AG3 y KNO3, luego del tratamiento anterior, promovió mayor emergencia en ambos taxa, en especial en V. goudotiana. La fermentación de las semillas con Saccharomyces cerevisiae, en combinación con AG3 y KNO3 produjo germinación en las dos especies, con énfasis en V. goudotiana al aplicar 1000 ppm de AG3 + KNO3 al 2,5% y en V. cundinamarcensis, al utilizar 600 ppm de AG3 + AG3 al 2,5%, sin diferencia significativa con la aplicación de 1000 ppm de AG3 + KNO3 al 1,5%; se logró mayor germinación en V. goudotiana en el tratamiento precitado, con el cual se obtuvo con confiabilidad estadística la máxima brotación de plántulas, en relación con el resto de tratamientos evaluados con la propia especie y en V. cundinamarcensis.

Seed germination and dormancy of Vasconcellea cundinamarcensis and V. goudotiana were studied in order to develop procedures for seed embryo emergency. Characterization of viable dormant seeds was done with the tetrazolium test. Long periods of seed fermentation, for sarcotestal removal, affected the seed viability, mainly in V. cundinamarcensis. AG3 and KNO3 application promoted a significantly higher germination, in V. goudotiana, but not in V. cundinamarcensis, in relation to control seeds, fermented during 15 days. AG3 and KNO3 application promoted a significantly higher germination in V. goudotiana, but not in V. cundinamarcensis, in relation to control 15 days fermented seeds. Seed fermentation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae during 36 hours for sarcotest removal, promoted a significant higher germination than that of the control, fermented without enzyme application, mainly in V. goudotiana. Seed fermentation with S. cerevisiae during 36 hours application, for sarcotest removal, promoted a significant higher germination than that of the control, fermented without enzyme application, mainly in V. goudotiana. Seed germination, after S. cerevisiae fermentation and application of AG3 and KNO3, occurred in both species, being obtained the best germination in V. goudotiana, with application of 1000 ppm of GA3 + 2.5% KNO3, with statistical differences, related to the other germination applied treatments. The best germination results, without significant differences, in V. cundinamarcensis were obtained with the application of 600 ppm of GA3 + 2.5% KNO3 or 1000 ppm of GA3 + 1.5% KNO3, after the fermentation procedure with S. cerevisiae.

Se categorizaron la latencia y la germinación en semillas de mora de Castilla (Rubus glaucus Benth), provenientes del Sistema de Bancos de Germoplasma para la Alimentación y la Agricultura de la Nación Colombiana. La prueba del tetrazolio demostró que las semillas tenían la capacidad para dar origen a una plántula normal; sin embargo, al contacto con el agua la imbibición fue restringida por la impermeabilidad de la testa, lo que se considera como una expresión de latencia exógena. Ésta pudo ser removida con la inmersión de las semillas durante 16 a 21 horas en hipoclorito de sodio al 5,25%. El tratamiento fue aplicado a 10 accesiones de mora de Castila cosechadas en épocas seca y lluviosa; las semillas se germinaron bajo condiciones de luz y oscuridad, con una mayor germinación al incubar las provenientes de tiempo seco en condiciones de oscuridad y en aquellas de época lluviosa al ser germinadas con luz. También al aplicar el procedimiento de remoción de latencia exógena se observaron respuestas germinativas diferenciales determinadas por el genotipo, las condiciones de incubación (luz y oscuridad) y la época de recolección.

Abstract. We categorized the dormancy and germination of blackberry (Rubus glaucus Benth) seeds from the Germplasm Bank System for Food and Agriculture of the Colombian Nation. A tetrazolium test showed normal seedling production viability, but seed coat impermeability prevented imbibition, which is considered an expression of exogenous dormancy; however, this was released by immersing the seeds in 5.25% sodium hypochlorite for 16 to 21 hours. The treatment was applied to 10 accessions of Castilla blackberry, harvested during the dry and rainy seasons. The seeds were germinated under light and dark conditions. The highest germination counts were obtained with the dry-season-collected seeds incubated in darkness and with the rainy-season seeds incubated under light conditions. Differential germination responses were also independently determined by genotype, incubation conditions (light or darkness) and collecting season.

Resumen. Los frutos de mortiño (Vaccinium meridionale Sw.) han atraído el interés de los consumidores debido a su alto contenido de compuestos polifenólicos y actividad antioxidante; sin embargo, no se ha realizado ninguna evaluación sobre los cambios durante su crecimiento y maduración. En este estudio se evaluó la variación en el contenido de fenoles y antocianinas totales y de la actividad antioxidante por las metodologías TEAC-ABTS, TEAC-DPPH, FRAP y ORAC. El fruto de mortiño presentó una curva de desarrollo doble sigmoide con tres estados de desarrollo diferenciables. La actividad antioxidante y el contenido de fenoles totales presentaron los valores máximos los días 17 para ORAC (27.116 TEAC/ 100 g FF) y 36 para TEAC-ABTS (16.794 TEAC/ 100 g FF), TEAC-DPPH (5.502 TEAC/ 100 g FF), FRAP (1.289 AEAC/ 100 g FF) y fenoles totales (4.804 mg ácido gálico/ 100 g FF). Los valores finales fueron 6.446, 5.688, 1.763 TEAC/ 100 g FF para ORAC, ABTS, DPPH, 375 AEAC/ 100 g FF para FRAP y 1.373 mg ácido gálico/ 100 g FF. El contenido de antocianinas varió desde 4,2 mg eq cianidin-3-glucosido/ 100 g FF hasta 271,9 mg eq cianidin-3-glucosido/ 100 g FF al final de la maduración

Abstract. The mortiño fruits (Vaccinium meridionale Sw) have attracted the interest of consumers due to its high content of polyphenolic compounds and antioxidant activity; however, there has been no assessment of changes during maturation and ripening. In this study, the changes in content of total polyphenols and total anthocyanins, and antioxidant activity were evaluated by TEAC-ABTS, TEAC-DPPH, FRAP and ORAC methods. The mortiño fruit exhibit a double sigmoid growth curve with three differentiable stages of growth. The antioxidant activity and total polyphenols content presented maximum the 17 day for ORAC (27,116 TEAC/ 100 g FW) and 36 day for TEAC-ABTS (16,794 TEAC/ 100 g FW), TEAC-DPPH (5,502 TEAC/ 100 g FW), FRAP (1,289 AEAC/ 100 g FW) and total polyphenols (4,804 mg gallic acid/ 100 g FW). The final values was 6,446, 5,688, 1,763 TEAC/ 100 g FW for ORAC,TEAC- ABTS, TEAC-DPPH, 375 AEAC/ 100 g FW for FRAP and 1,373 mg gallic acid / 100 g FW for total polyphenols. The total anthocyanins content varied from 4.2 mg eq cyanidin-3-glucoside / 100 FW to 271.9 mg eq cyanidin-3-glucoside / 100 g FF at end of ripening.

Resumen. Se realizó un estudio para categorizar el estado de cosecha, máximo peso seco de la semilla y la tolerancia de ésta a la desecación y almacenamiento a bajas temperaturas, en la especie promisoria mortiño, Vaccinium meridionale Swartz. El objetivo fue establecer el potencial de conservar un duplicado de la colección de campo y rescatar y almacenar poblaciones espontáneas de la zona alto andina colombiana, en peligro de pérdida por intervención humana y el cambio climático, que pueden causar erosión de la diversidad genética de la especie. El máximo peso seco se logró a partir de semillas extraídas de bayas de color morado oscuro, con obtención de germinación superior en éstas y una relación directa entre el peso seco y el porcentaje de germinación. La semilla exhibió comportamiento ortodoxo, lo cual indica la posibilidad de almacenamiento a largo plazo de un duplicado de la metapoblación de la especie, existente en el país.

Abstract. A study was conducted to categorize harvest stage, maximun dry weigth and tolerance to desiccation at low temperature storage of seeds of the promising species "andean blueberry", Vaccinium meridionale Swartz. The aim was to determine the long term conservation possibility of a duplicate of the current Colombian Andean Highland field collection in cool storage rooms, as well as that of newly collected local populations from the mentioned highland region, which are in danger of genetic erosion due to human intervention and the ongoing global climate change. Both maximum dry weight and the highest germination percentages were observed to be associated in seeds extracted from deep purple (fully ripe) berries. The seeds exhibited orthodox storage behavior, which indicates the possibility for long-term cold storage of a duplicate of the current metapopulation of the species in the country.

Se realizó un estudio de la variabilidad genética de la colección colombiana de lulo Solanum quitoense Lam y especies relacionadas de la sección Lasiocarpa, por medio de marcadores AFLP, con el fin de conocer el polimorfismo y las afinidades entre materiales y taxa. Para tal fin se emplearon marcadores moleculares AFLP, y se hicieron análisis de conglomerados, con los cuales se construyeron dendrogramas a través del algoritmo UPGMA. Los marcadores empleados mostraron valor sistemático ya que permitieron la separación de grupos por especies y entre taxa de la Amazonía y de los Andes, con aislamiento de Solanum de otras secciones, empleados como grupo de comparación. En el estudio no fue evidente el agrupamiento de los materiales por zonas de origen e igualmente no hubo un patrón de asociación de los materiales por variedad botánica: septentrionale y quitoense del taxón S. quitoense. También se observó menor variabilidad genética en las especies cultivadas S. quitoense (andina) y S. sessiliflorum (amazónica), con relación a las silvestres. Los híbridos interespecíficos entre el taxón silvestre S. hirtum y el cultivado S. quitoense y los retrocruzamientos de éstos hacia S. quitoense, incluidos en el estudio, señalaron el potencial de ampliación de la base genética del taxón cultivado por esta vía, con posibilidades en este sentido a partir de los taxa S. pseudolulo y S. vestissimum (andinos). El análisis de correspondencia múltiple y el dendrograma obtenido por el algoritmo “vecino más próximo”, exhibieron alta congruencia con el obtenido por UPGMA, con altos valores de remuestreo (“bootstrap”).

An AFLP genetic variability study of the Colombian collection of lulo Solanum quitoense and related species of section Lasiocarpa was carried out. The aim was to elucidate the genetic polymorphism of such collection and interspecific affinities. Two primer combinations, E-ACG/M-CAT and E-ACG-M-CTC, were chosen out of 30 evaluated combinations based on their high expression levels of polymorphism. The UPGMA dendrogram, obtained through similarity analysis, exhibited systemic power with discrimination at species level and between the groups of Andean and Amazonian taxa from section Lasiocarpa, with a clear separation between Lasiocarpa species and outgroup taxa. Clustering patterns regarding the geographic origin of the accessions, as well as between materials of the S. quitoense botanical varieties septentrionale and quitoense were not evident. Wider genetic variability was observed in the wild section Lasiocarpa species than in the cultivated ones S. quitoense and S. sessiliflorum. The interespecific hybrids between S. hirtum and S. quitoense and backcrosses of these with S. quitoense exhibited greater variability in comparison to S. quitoense. The above, indicated the feasibility of the use of S. hirtum to broaden the genetic base of the cultivated species, with potentiality of S. psudolulo and S. vestissimum for the same purpose. The results obtained with the multiple analysis of correspondence were in agreement with those of the similarity index analysis, and the neighbor joining analysis with high “bootstrap” values, which indicates that the support of each cluster for the studied species is well represented.

Many adverse events can occur when the skin comes in contact with external agents. Eczema is one of them. The eczema can be either allergic or irritant in nature. Irritant contact dermatitis (ICD) accounts for approximately 80% of all contact dermatitis and allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) accounts for the remaining 20%. ACD is a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction that is elicited when the skin comes in contact with a chemical to which an individual has previously been sensitized. The classic picture of contact dermatitis is a well-demarcated erythematous vesicular (in the acute form) and/or scaly patch or plaque (in the chronic form) lesion, with well-defined margins corresponding to the area of contact. It requires an appropriate level of suspicion for the possibility of an allergen to elicit a contact dermatitis. Treatment is based on avoidance of the allergen associated with corticosteroids and antihistamines. The authors present a case of allergic contact dermatitis to football shin guards in a 12 year-old boy who regularly practiced soccer.

Se categorizaron la germinación y latencia de semillas de mortiño y se desarrolló un protocolo de remoción de esta última, aspectos que son básicos para procesos de conservación, siembra y fitomejoramiento de la especie. No se detectó latencia exógena, con imbibición de agua, por parte de las semillas en un sustrato húmedo. Las simientes exhibieron una respuesta fotoblástica positiva a la luz. Se determinó, mediante la aplicación de tetrazolio, que 15,8% de las semillas eran no viables, con 63,0% de semillas con germinación y 21,2% viables latentes. La germinación y remoción de la latencia fueron significativamente superiores a 20°C que a 25°C. La latencia de la semilla fue eliminada, casi por completo, bajo un régimen de luz blanca constante, a 20°C, con aplicación de GA3 en concentraciones de 500, 1.000 y 2.000 mg L-1. El bloqueo de la germinación se clasificó como latencia fisiológica no profunda.

After characterizing germination and dormancy of Andean blueberry, a dormancy release procedure was developed. These are basic aspects of germplasm conservation, planting and improvement. The seeds did not display exogenous dormancy under water imbibition in a moist substrate. However, a positive photoblastic response was observed. A tetrazolium test indicated that 15.8% of the seeds were n viable; 21.2% were dormant viable, and 63% germinated. Germination and dormancy release at 20°C were higher than at 25°C. Seed dormancy was almost completely released after 500; 1,000 and 2,000 mg L-1 GA3 applications under constant white light at 20°C. Dormancy was classified as non deep physiological.

Cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L) grows wild in tropical areas of South America. The Centre of origin and diversity is located at the Andean zone between Colombia, Peru and Ecuador. This work is about morphological characterization of forty six accessions of Cape gooseberry from a Germplasm Bank of the Colombian Nation at the Experimental Station of "La Selva" located at Rionegro (Antioquia, Colombia). The experimental design used was a lattice seven by seven simple unbalanced and duplicated. Each accession was planted at rows with five plants and five structures of tree plants of each row were evaluated. Sixty eight morphological descriptors were used and 56 of them (81,16%) were useful to accessions differentiation. The Gower coefficients of dissimilarity varied between 0 and 0.20 and the Eucledian distance varied between 0.25 and 1.22.

La uchuva, Physalis peruviana L., crece como planta silvestre en las zonas tropicales altas de América, estando el centro de origen y diversificación en los Andes Suramericanos, principalmente de Colombia, Perú y Ecuador. Se realizó la caracterización morfológica de 46 accesiones de uchuva provenientes del Banco de Germoplasma de la nación Colombiana, a cargo de La Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuarias, CORPOICA, en el Centro de Investigación La Selva, ubicado en la vereda Llanogrande del municipio de Rionegro (Antioquia, Colombia). Los genotipos de uchuva se sembraron utilizando un diseño látice siete por siete simple desbalanceado duplicado. Las accesiones se ubicaron en parcelas constituidas por cinco plantas, de las cuales se evaluaron las tres plantas centrales de las dos replicaciones y cinco estructuras por planta. Se empleó un listado de 69 descriptores, 40 de ellos cualitativos y 29 cuantitativos, 56 de los cuales (81,16%) fueron útiles en la diferenciación de las accesiones. Para las variables cualitativas se estimaron los coeficientes de disimilaridad de Gower, que fluctuaron desde 0 a 0,20; y para las variables cuantitativas se estimaron los valores de distancia Euclediana, que fluctuaron entre 0,25 y 1,22.

Se hizo un estudio, en el Centro de Investigación La Selva, con dos accesiones de lulo Solanum quitoense, de las variedades botánicas septentrionale, 'NM', con espinas y quitoense, 'SV80', sin espinas. El objetivo fue determinar la partición de la biomasa, para ambos materiales, bajo condiciones de plena exposición solar desde el transplante hasta los 364 días después de éste. La acumulación de materia seca en las plantas, en ambas poblaciones, se ajustó significativamente a modelos sigmoidales (P<0.0001), para todos los órganos de la planta, con algunas diferencias entre los ecotipos estudiados. Así, en la variedad septentrionale, se pudieron apreciar, en la evolución de materia seca total, las fases logarítmica y longitudinal, lo cual no fue evidente para la etapa asintótica; por su parte, en el caso del taxón quitoense, se distinguieron claramente las tres etapas del modelo. La partición de materia seca mostró una dinámica diferencial a lo largo de los períodos ontogénicos en los dos materiales, con mayor acumulación en el follaje al inicio del período de crecimiento; luego, se aprecio un incremento porcentual de la fitomasa seca, acumulada en los tallos, al comienzo del período reproductivo, con estabilización de ésta durante la etapa productiva y una redistribución de la materia seca foliar, obtenida en el período vegetativo entre el follaje, las flores y los frutos. Se observaron relaciones alométricas significativas entre las variables diámetro del tallo y materia seca foliar y entre la materia seca foliar y la de la raíz.

An study, with the lulo Solanum quitoense botanical varieties septentrionale, accession 'NM', with thorns, and quitoense, accession 'SV80', thorneless, was carried out at Corpoica's La Selva Research Station, Rionegro, Antioquia, Colombia. The objective was to determine the biomass partitioning for both materials under full sunshine conditions from transplanting up to 364 days after transplanting. The plant dry matter accumulation for both materials adjusted closely to sigmoidal models (P<0.0001) for all the plant organs, with some differences between the studied populations. Thus, for total dry matter the logarithmic and longitudinal phases were evident for variety septentrionale but not the asymptotic one; in contrast, in quitoense all the model phases were clearly observed. Dry matter partitioning displayed a dynamic differential pattern throughout the ontogenic periods for both materials, with greater dry matter foliage accumulation at the onset of the growing period, followed by an increase in the partitioning to the stems at the beginning of the reproductive period, and stabilization during the productive stage. Also it was observed that the foliar dry matter accumulated during the vegetative period was redistributed, at the productive stage, between leaves, flowers and fruits. Significant allometric relationships were obtained between stem diameter and leaf dry matter, as well as between leaf dry matter and root dry matter.