Abstract This work studies the gender perspective of the regulations of the different Spanish autonomous communities applied to territorial planning and urbanism. It offers a picture of the current situation in the application of the Spanish Parity Law (2007) and of the versions of each region, and the drafting process of the different legislative corpus that affect a conception of territorial planning where the needs of women as users are taken into account. To that end, each normative reality has been interwoven with the political bias of the autonomous governments, with the presence of women in decision-making positions and with the activity of women’s institutes and research groups. The objective has been to determine if the different regulatory speeds arise from the application of the parity law and the growing presence of women in management bodies, or are to do with other variables such as the governing party that promotes them, the social pressure of feminism, research groups or of professional associations of architects.

Resumen Hace quince años que se promulgó la Ley Orgánica 3/2007 de Igualdad efectiva entre Hombres y Mujeres en España. En su artículo 31.3 recoge que “Las Administraciones públicas tendrán en cuenta en el diseño de la ciudad, en las políticas urbanas, en la definición y ejecución del planeamiento urbanístico, la perspectiva de género, utilizando para ello, especialmente, mecanismos e instrumentos que fomenten y favorezcan la participación ciudadana y la transparencia”. Ya existe la perspectiva histórica suficiente para evaluar su repercusión en las distintas comunidades autónomas del estado español y para comprobar el seguimiento de la ley, sus interpretaciones y ritmos de implantación. Así lo hizo en 2018 Inés Sánchez de Madariaga, pionera en España en estudios relacionados con la dimensión de género en el urbanismo, cuando explicó las “experiencias incipientes” haciendo “balance de su alcance y eficacia” (Sánchez de Madariaga, 2018, p.602). En 2020 la misma autora publicaba un lúcido resumen acerca de los orígenes de la investigación académica en España durante las tres últimas décadas (Sánchez de Madariaga, 2020). Otros trabajos de la autora se han centrado en describir la situación de las políticas de género en el urbanismo del País Vasco (Sánchez de Madariaga, 2017) y en recopilar las más recientes conclusiones de varios autores acerca de la integración de las dimensiones de género en el urbanismo español, además de “algunas reflexiones de cara al futuro” (Sánchez de Madariaga, 2020, p.5). No se puede tampoco obviar la dirección de GeneroUrban en la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, hoy en día Cátedra UNESCO, y su pionera publicación Urbanismo con perspectiva de género (Sánchez de Madariaga, 2004), editado por la Instituto Andaluz de la Mujer, que constituyó un pilar básico en el desarrollo de la normativa estatal del Ministerio de Vivienda, así como en la generación de buena parte de las actuaciones autonómicas en la materia.

The Retrovirus Epidemiology Donor Study (REDS) program was established in the United States in 1989 with the purpose of increasing blood transfusion safety in the context of the HIV/AIDS and human T-lymphotropic virus epidemics. REDS and its successor, REDS-II were at first conducted in the US, then expanded in 2006 to include international partnerships with Brazil and China. In 2011, a third wave of REDS renamed the Recipient Epidemiology and Donor Evaluation Study-III (REDS-III) was launched. This seven-year research program focuses on both blood banking and transfusion medicine research in the United States of America, Brazil, China, and South Africa. The main goal of the international programs is to reduce and prevent the transmission of HIV/AIDS and other known and emerging infectious agents through transfusion, and to address research questions aimed at understanding global issues related to the availability of safe blood. This article describes the contribution of REDS-II to transfusion safety in Brazil. Articles published from 2010 to 2013 are summarized, including database analyses to characterize blood donors, deferral rates, and prevalence, incidence and residual risk of the main blood-borne infections. Specific studies were developed to understand donor motivation, the impact of the deferral questions, risk factors and molecular surveillance among HIV-positive donors, and the natural history of Chagas disease. The purpose of this review is to disseminate the acquired knowledge and briefly summarize the findings of the REDS-II studies conducted in Brazil as well as to introduce the scope of the REDS-III program that is now in progress and will continue through 2018.

Leotia lubrica (Ascomycota, Leotiomycetes, Leotiales, Leotiaceae) was recorded for the first time from Argentina in Lago Puelo National Park, Chubut Province. It has been previously cited in the native forest of Chile, Los Lagos Region in southern South America. The species is distributed in temperate regions around the world. A description and photographs of the species are included.

Leotia lubrica (Ascomycota, Leotiomycetes, Leotiales, Leotiaceae) se registra por primera vez para la Argentina en el Parque Nacional Lago Puelo, Chubut. La especie había sido previamente citada en los bosques nativos de Chile en la Región de los Lagos, en el sur de Sudamérica. La especie se distribuye en regiones templadas alrededor del mundo. Se incluye una descripción y fotografías de la especie.

A checklist of some hysteriaceous Ascomycota from Argentina and Chile has been compiled recognizing: 35 accepted species in 11 genera distributed in the families Hysteriaceae and Mytilinidiaceae. Synonymous and doutful species are included. The catalog is based mainly on the literature reports and our own collections and publications, as well as herbarium specimens.

Este catálogo de algunos Ascomycota con histerotecios, registrados para Argentina y Chile, ha sido confeccionado reconociendo: 35 especies aceptadas en 11 géneros distribuidos en las familias Hysteriaceae y Mytilinidiaceae. Se incluyen los sinónimos y las especies dudosas. El catálogo se basó principalmente en literatura, nuestras propias colecciones y publicaciones, como así también en especímenes de herbario.

Foram analisadas as associações dos peixes demersais provenientes de arrastos de prospecção no estuário do Rio de la Plata e sua plataforma interna no período de 1975 a 1995. Os dois primeiros fatores da Análise de Componentes Principais explicaram 48% da variância na distribuição das espécies sendo consistentes com os resultados da análise de agrupamento. Os resultados mostraram a existência de três associações de peixes espacial e temporalmente distintas: uruguaia costeira, estuarina externa e estuarina interna. Essas associações foram consistentes quanto às características ambientais e de composição de espécies. A despeito das mudanças registradas na densidade das espécies ao longo do período analisado, as associações de peixes foram persistentes ao longo do tempo. No presente trabalho foi demonstrado que embora as associações sejam consideradas um sistema aberto, um fluxo recíproco de organismos acontece entre associações adjacentes. Contudo, cada associação apresenta diferentes graus de estabilidade, dependentes da estabilidade física e temporal do habitat, e das interações das espécies nas associações. No entanto, cada associação mostrou alta persistência espacial e temporal, apesar da variabilidade ambiental no sistema analisado. Nesse sentido, e de acordo com a pesca multiespecífica que opera neste sistema, cada associação poderá ser considerada como uma unidade de gestão.

Demersal fish assemblages from trawl surveys in the Rio de la Plata estuary and its inner continental shelf were analyzed from 1975 to 1995. The first two factors of Principal Component Analysis explained 48% of the variance in species distribution, and they are consistent with the results of a cluster analysis. The analysis indicated the existence of three spatially and temporally distinct fish assemblages: internal and external estuarine and inner continental shelf (Uruguayan coastal assemblages). These assemblages were persistent considering the environmental characteristics and their species composition. Despite the changes registered in the species density during the period surveyed, the fish assemblages tend to persist over time. It was demonstrated that the assemblages can be considered as open systems and that there exists a reciprocal flow of organisms between adjacent associations. However, each assemblage showed high spatial and temporal persistence in accordance with the environmental characteristics of the system analyzed. Therefore, and according to the multispecies fisheries operating in the system, each assemblage defined could be considered a unit of management.

Fourteen specimens identified as Hysterium lineare Fr. in Farlow Herbarium (FH) were examined during a study of some hysteriaceous Ascomycota. This analysis revealed that the collections belong to the genera: Gloniella , Gloniopsis , Glonium , Hysterium , Hysterographium , and Mytilinidion. This article comprises a list of current names arranged alphabetically, with collection data and some comments about the identifications.

Durante el estudio de algunas especies de Ascomycota con histerotecios, se examinaron catorce especímenes del Herbario Farlow (FH) identificados como Hysterium lineare Fr. Este análisis reveló que las colecciones corresponden a los géneros: Gloniella , Gloniopsis , Glonium , Hysterium , Hysterographium y Mytilinidion . Este artículo presenta una lista de los nombres actuales de las especies ordenadas alfabéticamente, con los datos de colección y algunos comentarios sobre las identificaciones.

The genus Glyphium, represented by G. elatum (Ascomycota) is recorded for the first time among the mycobiota of Argentina. Prior to this finding, this species was known in southern South America from southern Chile only. The new record extends its geographic range to the temperate-humid forests in the Andean-Patagonian regions of Argentina. Glyphium elatum is described and illustrated.

El género Glyphium (Ascomycota) representado por G. elatum, se cita por primera vez para la micobiota de la Argentina. Hasta la fecha, en el sur de Sudamérica, la especie había sido registrada en el sur de Chile solamente. Esta cita extiende su distribución geográfica a la región de los bosques húmedos andino-patagónicos de la Argentina. Glyphium elatum es descripta e ilustrada.