Resumen Los virus del papiloma humanos (HPVs) oncogénicos son importantes agentes en la etiología del cáncer ginecológico y actualmente han sido relacionados también a algunas lesiones carcinógenas y a algunos tipos de cánceres de boca. Con el objetivo de determinar la presencia del HPV en la queilitis fueron evaluados y considerados aptos para el estudio 29 pacientes portadores de quelitis actínica crónica y 29 pacientes en el grupo control. Se utilizó la PCR para detectar la presencia del HPV en muestras de tejido fresco, provenientes de labios enfermos. La quelitis actínica crónica (QAC) ocurrió en individuos de raza blanca, 19 hombres y 10 mujeres, con media de edad 56 años. En el análisis de las características clínicas se registraron varias alteraciones. También se evaluaron los aspectos histológicos de la QAC y se encontraron atipia en diferentes grados en todos los casos. Concluimos que todos los casos presentaron resultados negativos del aislamiento viral

Abstract Human papilloma viruses (HPVs) are important oncogenic agents in the etiology of gynecologic cancer and now have been linked to some pre-malignant lesions and some types of oral cancers. In order to assess the presence of HPV in the cheilitis were used for the study 29 patients with and 29 patients in the control group. PCR was used to detect the presence of HPV in samples of fresh tissue from diseased lips. The chronic actinic cheilitis occurred in caucasians, 19 males and 10 females, mean age 56 years. In the analysis of the clinical features were recorded many alterations. We also evaluated the histologic features of the chronic actinic cheilitis and atypia were found in varying degrees in all cases. We conclude that all cases had negative results for viral isolation

INTRODUÇÃO: a aparatologia ortodôntica dificulta a higiene bucal e pode contribuir para a formação de lesões gengivais, como os processos proliferativos gengivais não neoplásicos. Essas lesões, dependendo de alguns fatores - como o tempo de evolução, constituintes histopatológicos e condições bucais -, podem ser reversíveis, em alguns casos, por meio da orientação sobre higiene bucal e da terapia periodontal básica. Entretanto, na maioria das vezes há necessidade de tratamento cirúrgico. OBJETIVO: o propósito deste trabalho é relatar o caso de uma paciente portadora de aparatologia ortodôntica fixa que apresentou duas lesões gengivais distintas, diagnosticadas como granuloma piogênico e hiperplasia gengival inflamatória. Foram discutidas as características clínicas e histopatológicas, incidência e frequência, modalidades terapêuticas e prevenção de ambas as lesões, demonstrando a importância do encaminhamento do material colhido ao exame histopatológico, dada a possibilidade de diversas hipóteses diagnósticas. Em ambas as lesões foi realizada a exérese cirúrgica. RESULTADOS: a lesão na arcada superior, diagnosticada como granuloma piogênico, apresentou recorrência, sendo necessária terapia periodontal básicae repetiçãodoprocedimento cirúrgico. Alesão na arcada inferior foi diagnosticada como hiperplasia gengival, sendo removida cirurgicamente e acompanhada clinicamente, com prescrição de orientação da higiene bucal ao paciente

INTRODUCTION: Orthodontic appliances render oral hygiene difficult and may contribute to the development of gingival lesions such as non-neoplastic proliferative gingival processes. These lesions, depending on such factors as development time, histopathological components and oral conditions may be reversible in some cases - through oral hygiene advice and basic periodontal therapy. In most cases, however, surgical treatment is required. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this paper is to report the case of a patient using fixed orthodontic appliance who presented with two distinct gingival lesions diagnosed as pyogenic granuloma and inflammatory gingival hyperplasia. The clinical and histopathological features, incidence and frequency, treatment modalities and prevention of both lesions were discussed, highlighting the importance of submitting the material collected from the lesions to histopathological examination given the possibility of different diagnostic hypotheses. Surgical excision was performed on both lesions. The upper arch lesion, diagnosed as pyogenic granuloma, relapsed, which led us to provide basic periodontal therapy and repeat the surgical procedures. RESULTS: The lesion in the lower arch, diagnosed as gingival hyperplasia, was surgically removed and followed up clinically, whereas the patient was instructed to perform proper oral hygiene

Adjuvants play an important role in vaccine formulations by increasing their immunogenicity. In this study, the phenolic compound-rich J fraction (JFR) of a Brazilian green propolis methanolic extract stimulated cellular and humoral immune responses when co-administered with an inactivated vaccine against swine herpesvirus type 1 (SuHV-1). When compared to control vaccines that used aluminium hydroxide as an adjuvant, the use of 10 mg/dose of JFR significantly increased (p < 0.05) neutralizing antibody titres against SuHV-1, as well as the percentage of protected animals following SuHV-1 challenge (p < 0.01). Furthermore, addition of phenolic compounds potentiated the performance of the control vaccine, leading to increased cellular and humoral immune responses and enhanced protection of animals after SuHV-1 challenge (p < 0.05). Prenylated compounds such as Artepillin C that are found in large quantities in JFR are likely to be the substances that are responsible for the adjuvant activity.

The aim of this study was to determine whether the plasma CTX bone remodeling marker is useful for indicating the bone metabolic activity level of the mandible. Thirty-six patients were selected; all were postmenopausal and aged 50 years or over. In accordance with the WHO criteria for osteoporosis, a control group was set up (n = 10) in which the T-score was greater than -1 and a diseased group with T-score less than -1. Using MDP-99mTc samples, the radioisotope uptake in the femoral neck (R2) and mandibular body (R1) was analyzed. A third examination was performed using the plasma CTX biochemical bone-modeling marker. The inferential results for the diseased group showed that Ln(R1) presented a statistically significant linear relationship with Ln(CTx) (p = 0.067) and with the T-score (p = 0.018). The plasma CTX bone remodeling marker is useful for monitoring the bone metabolic activity of the mandible.

FUNDAMENTOS - A hanseníase é endêmica na América do Sul, sendo responsável por 3% do total dos casos mundiais e, particularmente, no Brasil, por 85% dos casos sul-americanos. Seu agente pode ser encontrado na mucosa oral sem qualquer alteração evidente, e apenas testes laboratoriais muito sensíveis podem detectar sua presença. OBJETIVOS - Determinar se o genoma do Mycobacterium leprae pode ser encontrado pelo teste da PCR em biópsias com punch da mucosa oral de pacientes com hanseníase. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS - Realizou-se biópsia da mucosa oral normal de sete pacientes com hanseníase multibacilar. Cinco estavam em tratamento durante o estudo, e apenas um, ainda sem tratamento, teve o diagnóstico confirmado pela hematoxilina-eosina e coloração de Fite-Faraco para M. leprae. As peças foram incluídas em parafina e submetidas à PCR para pesquisa de M. leprae. RESULTADOS - Seis dos sete casos foram positivos para M. leprae, e um para Mycobacterium sp., demonstrando-se alta sensibilidade e especificidade do método. CONCLUSÃO - A PCR é método rápido, fácil e confiável para a investigação de rotina da infecção por micobactéria, mesmo quando a doença ainda é assintomática. O diagnóstico pode ser obtido a partir de simples biópsia ambulatorial.

BACKGROUND - Hansen's disease is endemic in South America, which accounts for 3% of total world cases, and particularly in Brazil, which accounts for 85% of all South American cases. The bacteria can be found in the oral mucosa with no evident signs of infection, and only very sensitive laboratory assays can detect its presence. OBJECTIVES - The aim of this study was to ascertain if the M. leprae genome can be detected by PCR in small punch biopsy specimens from the oral mucosa of patients with Hansen's disease. METHODS - The normal oral mucosas of seven multibacillary Hansen's disease patients were biopsied. Five of them were under treatment at the time of the study. Diagnosis of Hansen's disease could be determined by conventional hematoxylineosin and Fite-Faraco staining for M. leprae in only one patient. This patient had not received treatment prior to the time of the biopsy. The paraffin embedded specimens were submitted to PCR for M. leprae. RESULTS - Six out of seven cases showed positivity for M. leprae, and the remaining case showed positivity for Mycobacterium sp., demonstrating the high sensitivity and specificity of this method. CONCLUSIONS - PCR is a fast, easy and reliable method for routine investigation of mycobacterial infection, even during nonsymptomatic periods. Diagnosis can be achieved through a simple oral biopsy at an outpatient clinic.

Considerando a moléstia de Hansen um problema de saúde pública, propusemo-nos a examinar a mucosa bucal de doentes hansenianos com o objetivo de detectar possíveis alterações específicas e não-específicas. Examinamos 175 pacientes submetidos a poliquimioterapia, sendo 134 (76,57%) multibacilares, dos quais 93 (53,13%) na forma virchowiana (MHV) e 41 (23,43%) paucibacilares. Nenhum dos 175 pacientes examinados apresentou lesões específicas, sendo observadas 76 alterações não-específicas em 65 pacientes representadas por 23 tipos diferentes.

Hansen’s disease (HD) is a major public health problem. Therefore, we decided to search the oral mucosa of diseased persons aiming to find specific and non-specific lesions. We examined 175 patients under polychemotherapy, 134 of them (76.57%) multibacillary, from which 93 (53.13%) with virchowian HD (VHD) presentation and 41 (23.43%) with paucibacillary HD (PHD) presentation. None of the 175 patients had HD specific lesions, and 76 non-specific oral manifestations consisting of 23 different diagnostic entities were found in 65 patients.

Os autores analisaram a freqüência das maloclusões e dos índices anamnésicos e clínicos de disfunção segundo HELKIMO10 (1974), e sua possível correlação em 110 pacientes avaliados independentemente da idade e do gênero, portadores de disfunção da articulação temporomandibular. Verificaram-se sinais e sintomas, níveis dos índices de Helkimo (1974), classificação de Angle (1899), medidas de sobressaliência e sobremordida, mordidas cruzadas e número de dentes ausentes. Concluiu-se que predominaram classes II de Angle e sobressaliências maiores que dois milímetros. Entre os índices de Helkimo, houve leve predomínio dos Índices Anamnésicos AiII (sintomas intensos de disfunção) e Índices Clínicos de Disfunção DiI (disfunção leve). Foi estatisticamente significante a relação entre os Índices Clínicos de Disfunção com classe de Angle, bem como entre os Índices Anamnésicos e sobremordidas.

The authors analyzed the frequency of malocclusion, Helkimo (1974) anamnestic and clinical dysfunction indexes in patients with temporomandibular joint dysfunction and their possible correlation. One hundred and ten patients with these conditions were evaluated independent of age and gender. Signs and symptoms were evaluated, indicating levels of Helkimo indexes, Angle classification, over-jet, over-bite, cross-bite and missing teeth. The authors concluded that there was a high incidence of Angle class II and overjet larger than two milimeters. Among the Helkimo indexes there was a slight predominance of Anamnesthic Index AiII (symptoms of severe dysfunction) and Clinical Index level DiI (mild dysfunction). A statistically significant relationship was found between the Clinical Index and the Angle classification as between Anamnestic Index and overbite.