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Resumen La hidatidosis o equinococosis quística es una zoonosis parasitaria endémica causada por el estadio larvario del cestode Echinococcus granulosus. El hígado y el pulmón son los órganos con afección más frecuente. Su ubicación subcutánea es una entidad rara, poco descrita, y por ende un reto diagnóstico. Describimos el caso de una mujer, de 18 años de edad, procedente de un área endémica, que presentó un quiste hidatídico primario supraclavicular.

Abstract Hydatid disease or cystic echinococcosis is an endemic parasitic zoonosis caused by the larval stage of the cestode Echinococcus granulosus, the liver and lung being the most frequently affected organs. Its subcutaneous location is a rare entity, little described, and therefore a diagnostic challenge. We describe the case of an 18-year-old woman from an endemic area who presented with a primary supraclavicular hydatid cyst.

The role of proteasome in muscle wasting of experimental arthritis
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Teixeira, Vivian Oliveira Nunes

; Bartikoski, Bárbara Jonson

; Santo, Rafaela Cavalheiro do Espirito

; Alabarse, Paulo Vinícius Gil

; Ghannan, Khetam

; Silva, Jordana Miranda Souza

; Filippin, Lidiane Isabel

; Visioli, Fernanda

; Martinez-Gamboa, Lorena

; Feist, Eugen

; Xavier, Ricardo Machado

Advances in Rheumatology

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2023, Volume 63 elocation 14

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Background Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune inflammatory disease that often leads patients to muscle impairment and physical disability. This study aimed to evaluate changes in the activity of proteasome system in skeletal muscles of mice with collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) and treated with etanercept or methotrexate. Methods Male DBA1/J mice were divided into four groups (n = 8 each): CIA-Vehicle (treated with saline), CIA-ETN (treated with etanercept, 5.5 mg/kg), CIA-MTX (treated with methotrexate, 35 mg/kg) and CO (healthy control group). Mice were treated two times a week for 6 weeks. Clinical score and hind paw edema were measured. Muscles were weighted after euthanasia and used to quantify proteasome activity, gene (MuRF-1, PMSα4, PSMβ5, PMSβ6, PSMβ7, PSMβ8, PSMβ9, and PSMβ10), and protein (PSMβ1, PSMβ5, PSMβ1i, PSMβ5i) expression of proteasome subunits. Results Both treatments slowed disease development, but only CIA-ETN maintained muscle weight compared to CIA-MTX and CIA-Vehicle groups. Etanercept treatment showed caspase-like activity of 26S proteasome similar to CO group, while CIA-Vehicle and CIA-MTX had higher activity compared to CO group (p: 0.0057). MuRF-1 mRNA expression was decreased after etanercept administration compared to CIA-Vehicle and CO groups (p: 0.002, p: 0.007, respectively). PSMβ8 and PSMβ9 mRNA levels were increased in CIA-Vehicle and CIA-MTX compared to CO group, while CIA-ETN presented no difference from CO. PMSβ6 mRNA expression was higher in CIA-Vehicle and CIA-MTX groups than in CO group. Protein levels of the PSMβ5 subunit were increased in CO group compared to CIA-Vehicle; after both etanercept and methotrexate treatments, PSMβ5 expression was higher than in CIA-Vehicle group and did not differ from CO group expression (p: 0.0025, p: 0.001, respectively). The inflammation-induced subunit β1 (LMP2) was enhanced after methotrexate treatment compared to CO group (p: 0.043). Conclusions The results of CIA-Vehicle show that arthritis increases muscle proteasome activation by enhanced caspase-like activity of 26S proteasome and increased PSMβ8 and PSMβ9 mRNA levels. Etanercept treatment was able to maintain the muscle weight and to modulate proteasome so that its activity and gene expression were compared to CO after TNF inhibition. The protein expression of inflammation-induced proteasome subunit was increased in muscle of CIA-MTX group but not following etanercept treatment. Thus, anti-TNF treatment may be an interesting approach to attenuate the arthritis-related muscle wasting.

https://doi.org/10.1186/s42358-023-00292-5

Biodiesel: An Overview II
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Rezende, Michelle J. C.

; Lima, Ana Lúcia de

; Silva, Bárbara V.

; Mota, Claudio J. A.

; Torres, Ednildo A.

; Rocha, Gisele O. da

; Cardozo, Ingrid M. M.

; Costa, Kênia P.

; Guarieiro, Lilian L. N.

; Pereira, Pedro A. P.

; Martinez, Sabrina

; Andrade, Jailson B. de

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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jul 2021, Volume 32 N. 7 Pages 1301 - 1344

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The crescent number of scientific articles published per year shows that research on biodiesel continues to play an important role to support the growing demand for this biofuel. The second edition of Biodiesel: An Overview presents the worldwide research in the last 15 years. Microalgae biomass is the most studied raw material alternative in this period and several studies have been carried out to develop basic heterogeneous catalysts for biodiesel production. Concerning to production technologies, supercritical conditions and intensification process have been extensively investigated. The development of new antioxidants additives has focused mainly on biomass-derived formulations and there are few studies on biocide candidates. In terms of pollutant emissions, in general, the studies showed that the addition of biodiesel generates lower concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), CO and n-alkanes pollutants, but carbonyl compounds, major ions and NOx are emitted in a higher concentration compared to pure diesel.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20210046 199 downloads

Manejo de pacientes con tumores de células germinales en primera recaída
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Vera-Gimón, Raúl

; Sucre, Carlos

; Salazar, Héctor

; Martinez, Bárbara

; Vivas, Lillian

Revista Colombiana de Cancerología

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jun 2021, Volume 25 N. 2 Pages 79 - 92

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Los tumores de células germinales (TCG) son las neoplasias malignas más comunes y afectan especialmente a hombres jóvenes de 15 a 35 años de edad. Los pacientes con estadios 2 y 3 que recaen ofrecen un gran reto para el tratamiento inicial de la primera recaída. La terapia óptima para estos pacientes depende de su tratamiento inicial y está pobremente definida. Las opciones incluyen regímenes de segunda línea de quimioterapia a dosis convencionales que combinan cisplatino e ifosfamida, con vinblastina, etopósido o paclitaxel, o quimioterapia de altas dosis con soporte de células madre. En vista de que todavía no hay evidencia concluyente en los ensayos clínicos, las indicaciones para el uso de quimioterapia de altas dosis permanecen poco claras y se basan en estudios fundamentalmente retrospectivos. El tratamiento en la segunda recaída debe individualizarse según el paciente y el tratamiento previo. La resección quirúrgica de masas residuales luego de la quimioterapia es un elemento clave para una terapia exitosa en pacientes con marcadores tumorales negativos. Actualmente, en Venezuela los pacientes que presentan recaídas deben recibir tratamiento con cualquiera de los regímenes establecidos que se utilizan a dosis convencionales en segunda línea. En algunos casos, los pacientes deben recibir tratamiento en centros de oncología con un manejo multidisciplinario que permita el acceso a tratamiento con altas dosis de quimioterapia y a cirujanos oncólogos expertos en esta patología.

Abstract Germ cell tumors (GCT) are the most common malignant neoplasms affecting young men aged 15 to 35 years. Patients with previous stage 2 and 3 who relapse offer a great challenge to the Medical team. The optimal therapy for these patients with recurrent disease is still poorly defined. Options include second-line chemotherapy regimens at conventional doses which combine cisplatin and ifosfamide, with vinblastine, etoposide or paclitaxel, or alternatively high-dose chemotherapy with stem cell support. As there is still no conclusive evidence from clinical trials, the indications for the use of high-dose chemotherapy remain unclear. Most of the present literature is based in retrospective studies. Second relapse treatment options should be individualized according to the patient and his previous treatment. Surgical resection of residual masses in patients with negative markers after chemotherapy is a key element for successful therapy. Currently, patients in Venezuela who have relapses should receive treatment with any of the established regimens that are used at conventional doses in the second line, however in some cases they should receive treatment in an oncology center with a multidisciplinary team having access to treatment with high dose chemotherapy and to oncologist surgeons who are experts in this area.

https://doi.org/10.35509/01239015.113 93 downloads

Evaluación de una reacción en cadena de la polimerasa en tiempo real simple y rápida para la cuantificación del ADN del virus de la hepatitis B
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Rodriguez Lay, Licel de los Ángeles

; Montalvo, Maria Caridad

; Bello Corredor, Marité

; López Hernández, Dayesi

; Martinez Montesino, Yenisleidys

; Marrero Sanchez, Bárbara

; González González, Yaimé Josefina

; Armas Cayarga, Anny

Revista Cubana de Medicina Tropical

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aug 2020, Volume 72 N. 2 elocation e522

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT Introduction: Assays to quantify hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA or viral load are indispensable for the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with chronic hepatitis B, hence the availability of diagnostic kits for this purpose. The present study deals with the validation of HBV SUMASIGNAL (one step), a real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) system for quantification of the HBV genome proposed by the Immunoassay Center. Objective: Evaluate the analytical performance of HBV SUMASIGNAL (one step). Methods: Use was made of a panel of 80 well characterized serum samples and the Third WHO International Standard for hepatitis B virus nucleic acid amplification techniques. Determination was performed of assay characteristics such as clinical specificity, analytical specificity (cross-reactivity), linear range or linearity and accuracy, intra-assay precision and comparison with a reference assay. Results: Analytical and clinical specificity was 100%. Evaluation of linearity and accuracy with a WHO reference standard revealed that all the differences between the log10 of the value obtained and the reference value were lower than 0.5 log10 (r= 0.9977 and r2= 0.9954). The intra-assay variation coefficients obtained were low. Comparative evaluation with the commercial Artus HBV RG PCR kit showed a strong correlation (r= 0.8882). Conclusions: The assay HBV SUMASIGNAL (one step) is easy to conduct manually, fast and includes reagents for nucleic acid extraction. Based on the validity of the method for the use in mind, it may be recommended for incorporation into the diagnosis, surveillance and treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis B.

RESUMEN Introducción: Los ensayos para cuantificar el ADN del virus de la hepatitis B (VHB) o carga viral son imprescindibles en el diagnóstico y en el seguimiento de los pacientes con hepatitis B crónica; de ahí que estén disponibles estuches diagnósticos para esta función. En el presente estudio se muestra la validación de SUMASIGNAL VHB (un paso), el cual es un sistema de reacción en cadena de la polimerasa en tiempo real (RCP-TR) para la cuantificación del genoma del VHB, propuesto por el Centro de Inmunoensayo. Objetivo: Evaluar el desempeño analítico de SUMASIGNAL VHB (un paso). Métodos: Se utilizó un panel de 80 muestras de suero bien caracterizadas y el Tercer Estándar Internacional de la OMS para las técnicas de amplificación de ácidos nucleicos del virus de la hepatitis B. Se determinaron las características del ensayo como especificidad clínica, especificidad analítica (reactividad cruzada), rango lineal o linealidad y exactitud, precisión intraensayo y comparación con un ensayo de referencia. Resultados: La especificidad analítica y clínica fue del 100 %. Al evaluar la linealidad y exactitud con un estándar de referencia de la OMS, se obtuvo que la totalidad de las diferencias entre los Log10 del valor obtenido y el de referencia resultaron inferiores a 0,5 Log10 (r= 0,9977 y r2= 0,9954). Además, se obtuvieron bajos coeficientes de variación intraensayo. La evaluación comparativa con el estuche comercial Artus HBV RG PCR kit mostró una correlación fuerte (r= 0,8882). Conclusiones: SUMASIGNAL VHB (un paso) es un ensayo fácil de realizar manualmente, es rápido e incluye reactivos de extracción de ácidos nucleicos. Teniendo en cuenta la validez del método para el uso previsto, puede ser recomendado para su introducción en el diagnóstico, la vigilancia y la indicación de tratamiento en los pacientes con hepatitis B crónica.

Post-dural puncture headache incidence after cerebrospinal fluid aspiration. A prospective observational study
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MARTINS, Rodrigo Tomazini

; TOSON, Barbara

; SOUZA, Ricardo Krause Martinez de

; KOWACS, Pedro Andre

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria

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apr 2020, Volume 78 N. 4 Pages 187 - 192

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Introdução: Cefaleia pós-punção dural (CPPD) é uma condição iatrogênica após punção lombar (LP). Incidência é variável; frequentemente associada a mulheres jovens. Características técnicas do procedimento (ex: calibre da agulha) foram investigadas; no entanto, não há investigação sobre o método de coleta do líquido cefalorraquidiano (LCR). Objetivo: Avaliar se aspiração leve do LCR está associada ao aumento da CPPD em pacientes selecionados. Métodos: 336 indivíduos foram elegíveis para o estudo. Dados de 237 pacientes em um hospital neurológico terciário que foram submetidos à PL diagnóstica de fevereiro de 2010 a dezembro de 2012 foram analisados. Coletamos dados demográficos dos pacientes, método da PL, características bioquímicas do LCR, pressões de abertura e ocorrência da CPPD. Todos as PLs ocorreram em decúbito lateral. O LCR foi coletado permitindo livre fluxo ou aspiração leve. Resultados: O grupo aspiração (n=163) apresentava 55,8% de mulheres, idade média de 52(35‒69) anos. A distribuição por sexo não foi diferente entre os dois grupos (p=0,191). Uma quantidade maior de LCR foi obtida no grupo aspiração (p=0,011). A incidência de CPPD no grupo de aspiração foi de 16,5% versus 20,2% no fluxo livre, não estatisticamente significante (p=0,489). Nenhuma associação emergiu das análises no subgrupo com idades <65 anos. Conclusões: A aspiração do LCR durante PL não está associada ao aumento da CPPD em comparação com a método padrão, particularmente quando quantidades maiores de LCR são necessárias e condições ideais são satisfeitas. Este é o primeiro estudo a investigar o topico, visando aumentar a segurança do procedimento. Necessita-se futuros estudos randomizados.

Abstract Background: Post-dural puncture headache (PDPH) is an iatrogenic condition following lumbar puncture (LP). Incidence is variable and often associated with young females. Technical features of the procedure (i.e. needle gauge) have been investigated; however there is no investigation on the method of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) collection. Objective: To investigate whether mild CSF aspiration is associated with increased PDPH in selected patients. Methods: 336 subjects were eligible to the study. Data on 237 patients from a tertiary neurology hospital who underwent diagnostic LP from February 2010 to December 2012 were analysed. Patient demographics, lumbar puncture method, CSF biochemical characteristics, opening pressures, and a follow-up inquire on PDPH occurrence were collected. CSF was collected either by allowing free flow or by mild aspiration. Results: The aspiration arm (n=163) was comprised of 55.8% females with mean age of 52(35‒69) years. Sex distribution was not different between the two arms (p=0.191). A significant larger amount of CSF was obtained in the aspiration arm (p=0.011). The incidence of PDPH in the aspiration arm was 16.5% versus 20.2% in the free flow arm, not statistically significant (p=0.489). No relevant associations emerged from the analyses in the subgroup aged <65 years. Conclusions: Aspiration of the CSF during LP was not associated with increased rates of PDPH compared to the standard method, particularly when larger amounts of CSF are required and ideal conditions are met. This is the first study looking into this matter, aiming to add safety to the procedure. Further randomized trials are required.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0004-282x20190197 921 downloads

Trauma em Curitiba: avaliação multifatorial de vítimas admitidas em um hospital universitário
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Guizzo, Willian Augusto

; de-Souza, Barbara Seidinger

; Weihermann, Viktoria

; da-Silva, André Barausse

; Jabur, Gabriel Ramos

; Menini-Stahlschmidt, Carla Martinez

; Von-Bahten, Luiz Carlos

Revista do Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgiões

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2020, Volume 47 elocation e20202408

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivo: descrever o perfil epidemiológico das vítimas de trauma atendidas em um hospital de referência no município de Curitiba (PR), bem como investigar os mecanismos do trauma, além de avaliar os escores de gravidade. Métodos: estudo descritivo observacional transversal, cujos dados foram obtidos através da aplicação de questionário em vítimas atendidas na sala de emergência, entre dezembro de 2016 e fevereiro de 2018. Resultados: foram incluídos no estudo 1354 vítimas de trauma, das quais 60% tiveram como transporte pré-hospitalar o Serviço Integrado de Atendimento ao Trauma em Emergência (SIATE), e 40%, o Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência (SAMU). Quanto ao sexo, 70% dos pacientes eram do sexo masculino. A média de idade foi de 39,48 anos. Sobre o horário e dia dos atendimentos, a maior proporção se concentrou no período noturno na sexta-feira. Quanto ao mecanismo do trauma, nos pacientes atendidos pelo SIATE, o mais frequente em homens foi a colisão de motocicleta (34,3%), enquanto que em mulheres foi a queda de mesmo nível (21,42%). Já no SAMU, o mecanismo mais frequente independentemente do sexo foi queda de mesmo nível (20,06% e 40,66%, respectivamente). Analisando-se os escores de gravidade, observou-se que 95,5% dos pacientes eram classificados como leves pela escala de coma de Glasgow. Conclusões: o perfil das vítimas analisadas neste grande estudo muito se assemelha a outros estudos nacionais menores: homens, jovens, vítimas de acidentes de trânsito. A população economicamente ativa, portanto, é a mais afetada, refletindo em alto custo para a sociedade.

ABSTRACT Objective: to describe the epidemiological profile of trauma patients admitted to a referral hospital in Curitiba (PR). Also, to investigate trauma mechanisms and to evaluate trauma severity scores. Methods: descriptive observational cross-sectional study. Data were collected by applying a questionnaire to victims admitted in the emergency room from December 2016 to February 2018. Results: a total of 1354 trauma victims were included in the study, of which 60% were transported by SIATE and 40% by SAMU. Regarding gender, 70% of the patients were male. The mean age was 39.48 years. About the time and day of the calls, the largest proportion was concentrated on Friday night. In relation to the mechanism of trauma, in patients transported by SIATE, the most frequent in men was motorcycle collision (34.3%), while in women was same-level fall (21.42%). In SAMU, the most frequent mechanism regardless of gender was same-level fall (20.06% and 40.66%, respectively). Analyzing the severity scores, it was observed that 95.5% of the patients were classified as mild by the Glasgow Coma Scale. Conclusion: the profile of trauma victims analyzed in this large study is quite similar to what other national smaller studies have already described: young men victims of traffic accidents. Therefore, the economically active population is the most affected, reflecting in high cost to society.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-6991e-20202408 1916 downloads

Costes de invalidez por insuficiencia renal crónica en la Delegación Baja California del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social
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Martinez-Marín, Bárbara Mayné

; Haro-Acosta, María Elena

; Quiñones Montelongo, Karla Adelina

; González-Ramos, Ana Margarita

; Núñez Guerrero, Francisco Javier

; Román-Matus, Alexis

Medicina y Seguridad del Trabajo

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jun 2017, Volume 63 N. 247 Pages 120 - 130

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Introduction: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a disabling public health problem which affects functional capacity, health-related quality of life and generates loss of productive life years. Since sick persons cannot perform their work activity -representing incremental costs in health institutions for the disease- it would be feasible to obtain a disability report. Methods and materials: Descriptive and retrospective study. It was carried out in the BC Delegation of the Mexican Social Security Institute. In 2015 and after the Research Committee approval, the insured patients’ records with CKD invalidity report were analyzed and the variables of gender, age, lost of working years, temporary disability days and disability costs were evaluated. Descriptive statistics were performed. Results: The total number of patients was 81: 83% were men, 17% women. The average disability age was 46 years, with an average of working years loss of 19, subsidized 7,842 thousand days of Temporary Incapacity for Work (TIW) meaning $1,125,759 million pesos, with a disability subsidy cost of $3,008,104 million pesos, totaling 3,37% of BC’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Conclusion: Chronic Kidney Disease causes high financial and in-kind costs in health institutions. The quality of life care will be improved and the number of working years lost for this disease will decrease preventing those disease-causing agents and going through an early care attention.

Resumen Introducción: La Insuficiencia Renal Crónica (IRC) es un problema de salud pública discapacitante que limita las capacidades funcionales y la calidad de vida de los pacientes, genera la pérdida de años de vida productiva, siendo factible obtener un dictamen de invalidez si no pueden desempeñar su actividad laboral, esto conlleva a incrementar costes por esta enfermedad en las instituciones de salud. Objetivo: Evaluar los costes de invalidez por Insuficiencia Renal Crónica en el Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS) durante el año 2015 en la delegación Baja California (BC). Material y métodos: Estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo. Se realizó en la Delegación de BC del IMSS, se analizaron los expedientes de los asegurados con dictamen de invalidez por IRC en 2015, previa autorización por el Comité de Investigación, donde se evaluaron las variables de sexo, edad, años laborales perdidos, días de incapacidad temporal y costes por invalidez. Se realizó estadística descriptiva. Resultados: El total de pacientes estudiados fue de 81, donde el 83% fueron hombres y 17% mujeres, la edad promedio al momento del estado de invalidez fue de 46 años, con un promedio de años laborales perdidos de 19, se subsidiaron 7.842 días de Incapacidad Temporal para el Trabajo (ITT) representando $1.125.759 millones de pesos con un coste de subsidio por invalidez de $3.008.104 millones de pesos, cantidades que sumadas representan el 3,37% del Producto Interno Bruto (PIB) de Baja California. Conclusión: La enfermedad renal crónica produce altos costes monetarios y en especie en las instituciones de salud, por lo que prevenir enfermedades causantes y atención temprana, podrá mejorar la calidad de vida y disminuir el número de años laborales perdidos en esta enfermedad.

2237 downloads

10.

Anthranilic acids from isatin: an efficient, versatile and environmentally friendly method
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RIO, GABRIEL F.

; SILVA, BÁRBARA V.

; MARTINEZ, SABRINA T.

; PINTO, ANGELO C.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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sep 2015, Volume 87 N. 3 Pages 1525 - 1529

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Este artigo descreve a preparação de uma série de 16 ácidos antranílicos, em rendimentos que variaram de 51 a 97%, através do tratamento de isatinas com NaOH e H2O2. Independentemente da natureza do substituinte no anel aromático, as reações se completaram em 15 min. a temperatura ambiente, ao passo que as isatinas contendo substituinte no átomo de nitrogênio requereram um tempo maior para completar a reação (45 min.), sob as mesmas condições.

This paper describes the preparation of a series of 16 anthranilic acids in yields ranging from 51 to 97%, by treating the isatins with NaOH and H2O2. Independently of the nature of the substituent on the aromatic ring, the reactions were complete in 15 min at room temperature, whereas those of isatins containing a substituent on the nitrogen atom required longer reaction time for completion (45 min) under the same reaction conditions.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201520140289 5397 downloads

11.

Occurrences of Oestrus ovis parasitism in necropsied sheep in the Umuarama microregion, Paraná, Brazil
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Carvalho, Rafael Silveira

; Ruivo, Maycon Araújo

; Colli, Marcos Henrique Alcantara

; Pereira, Valdomiro

; Martinez, Antônio Campanha

; Mazzucatto, Barbara Cristina

; Cruz, Breno Cayeiro

; Maciel, Willian Giquelin

; Felippelli, Gustavo

; Teixeira, Weslen Fabricio Pires

; Soares, Vando Edésio

; Costa, Alvimar José da

; Lopes, Welber Daniel Zanetti

Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária

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sep 2015, Volume 24 N. 3 Pages 370 - 374

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

De janeiro de 2007 a setembro de 2013, foram avaliados, durante a necropsia, 71 ovinos pertencentes a 12 propriedades rurais da microrregião de Umuarama, Paraná, Brasil, quanto à presença de larvas de Oestrus ovis. Entre outubro e dezembro de 2013, as 12 propriedades de onde os animais eram provenientes foram visitadas, e os proprietários e funcionários foram entrevistados. A ocorrência do parasitismo por O. ovis em ovinos foi constatada pela primeira vez em propriedades rurais da microrregião de Umuarama, Estado do Paraná. Dos 71 animais, 12 (16,9%) estavam parasitados por O. ovis, com intensidade média de parasitismo de 2,25 larvas por cabeça infestada (1 a 8 larvas). Foi possível verificar correlação elevada (0,81, p=0,0346) apenas entre o número de larvas versuslesões macroscópicas observadas na cavidade nasal desses animais, de modo que ovinos com mais de 3 larvas continham secreção mucopurulenta ou epistaxe na cavidade. Quando da entrevista constatou-se que todos os proprietários fazem controle químico contra parasitas (helmintos e/ou O. ovis) e esse. controle é feito a cada 30 dias por 91,6% dos produtores, que utilizam derivados de lactonas macrocíclicas e/ou benzimidazóis/imidatiazóis. Futuros estudos ainda precisam ser realizados nesta região, na tentativa de elucidar a prevalência de parasitismo por O. ovis nos rebanhos.

Between January 2007 and September 2013, 71 sheep belonging to 12 farms in the Umuarama microregion, State of Paraná, were evaluated regarding presence of Oestrus ovis larvae, during necropsies. The farms from which these animals originated were visited and the owners and employees were interviewed. Occurrences of O. ovis parasitism in sheep were diagnosed for the first time on this microregion. Of the 71 animals, 12 (16.9%) were parasitized by O. ovis, with mean intensity of 2.25 larvae per infested head (1 to 8 larvae/infested head). There was a high correlation (0.81, p=0.0346) between the number of larvae and the macroscopic lesions observed in these animals’ nasal cavities, such that sheep with more than 3 larvae may contain mucupurulent secretions or epistaxis. From the interviews conducted, it was found that all the farm owners were applying chemical parasite control methods (helminths and/or O. ovis), administered to all animals in the herds every 30 days (91.6% of the producers), using derivatives of macrocyclic lactones and/or benzimidazoles/imidazothiazoles. Further studies need to be conducted in this particular region, in an attempt to elucidate the prevalence of O. ovis parasitism in herds.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S1984-29612015044 1307 downloads

12.

Intoxicação de ovinos que receberam duas aplicações de closantel, na dosagem terapêutica (7,5mg/kg), com intervalo de 28 dias
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Lopes, Welber Daniel Zanetti

; Carvalho, Rafael Silveira

; Oliveira, Pedro Victor

; Pereira, Valdomiro

; Martinez, Antônio Campanha

; Mazzucatto, Barbara Cristina

; Colli, Marcos Henrique A.

; Ruivo, Maycon Araújo

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira

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dec 2014, Volume 34 N. 12 Pages 1162 - 1166

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

O presente estudo notifica a intoxicação de ovinos que receberam duas aplicações de closantel, na dosagem terapêutica (7,5mg/kg), com intervalo de 28 dias pré-estabelecido pela eficácia da formulação. Referente aos resultados de eficácia foi possível observar elevado percentual após o primeiro e o segundo tratamento. Cerca de 72 horas após a administração do segundo tratamento (D+30), três animais que receberam closantel demonstraram leve apatia, anorexia, diarréia e cegueira bilateral com ausência de reflexo e midríase bilateral. Estes três ovinos foram observados por cerca de 250 dias após o segundo tratamento, e a cegueira bilateral não regrediu. Os inúmeros casos de animais intoxicados por closantel descritos na literatura enfatizam que a sobredosagem e/ou qualidade nutricional dos animais, são fatores determinantes para que ocorra intoxicação destes animais pelo closantel. Entretanto, no presente trabalho, os sinais de intoxicação (leve apatia, anorexia, diarréia e a alteração oftálmica) observada nos três ovinos clinicamente sadios, ocorreram quando estes receberam duas aplicações de closantel (7,5mg/kg) com o intervalo de 28 dias, evidenciando que o possível efeito residual cumulativo de closantel no organismo animal, desencadeado por duas aplicações consecutivas, também pode ser um fator predisponente para que ovinos demonstrem sinais irreversíveis de intoxicação pelo princípio ativo em questão.

This study reports poisoning in sheep wich have received two applications of closantel in therapeutic dosage (7.5mg/kg) within a preestablished 28-day period for effectiveness formulation. A high percentage of efficiency was observed after the first and second treatment, but around 72 hours after the second administration of closantel (D30), three sheep have showed mild apathy, anorexia, diarrhea, bilateral blindness, and dilated pupils without reaction. These three animals, were observed in the following 250 days, and the bilateral blindness remained. Numerous reports of animals poisoned by closantel emphasize that overdose and/or nutritional status of the animals are key factors to occur poisoning due closantel administration. However, in this experiment the signs of poisoning (mild apathy, anorexia, diarrhea and ophthalmic disturbance), observed in the three clinically healthy sheep, occurred when they received two applications of closantel (7.5mg/kg), in a interval of 28 days, highlighting the fact of obtaining a cumulative residual effect of closantel in the animal organism, caused by two consecutive applications, may also be a predisposing factor for sheep to demonstrate irreversible signs of intoxication.

3318 downloads

13.

DETERMINATION OF VIRAL TROPISM BY GENOTYPING AND PHENOTYPING ASSAYS IN BRAZILIAN HIV-1-INFECTED PATIENTS
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Arruda, Liã Bárbara

; Araújo, Marilia Ladeira de

; Martinez, Maira Luccia

; Gonsalez, Claudio Roberto

; Duarte, Alberto José da Silva

; Coakley, Eoin

; Lie, Yolanda

; Casseb, Jorge

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

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jul 2014, Volume 56 N. 4 Pages 287 - 290

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

A aplicação clínica dos antagonistas de CCR5 envolve em primeiro lugar determinar o uso de co-receptor pela cepa viral infectante. Programas de bioinformática que prevêem o uso co-receptor poderiam fornecer um método alternativo para selecionar candidatos para o tratamento com os antagonistas do CCR5, particularmente em países com poucos recursos financeiros. Assim, o presente estudo teve por objetivo identificar a melhor abordagem utilizando ferramentas de bioinformática para determinar qual o tipo de co-receptor do HIV-1 que poderia ser usado na prática clínica. Sequências de DNA proviral e Trofile resultados a partir de 99 pacientes infectados pelo HIV-1 sob monitorização clínica foram avaliadas. Com base nos resultados do Teste Trofile, as variantes virais presentes eram R5 (81,1%), R5X4 (21,4%) e X4 (1,8%). Determinação do tropismo pela análise do Geno2pheno, com taxa de falso positivos de 10% apresentou desempenho mais adequado para esta amostragem: as cepas R5 e X4 foram encontradas em frequências de 78,5% e 28,4%, respectivamente, e foi de 78,6% a concordância entre os resultados fenotípicos e genotípicos. Mais estudos são necessários para esclarecer como a diversidade genética entre as cepas do vírus afeta abordagens baseadas na determinação do tropismo pelas ferramentas de bioinformática. Embora esta estratégia possa ser útil para o rastreio de pacientes em países em desenvolvimento, permanecem algumas limitações que restringem a aplicação mais ampla para utilização de testes de co-receptor na prática clínica.

The clinical application of CCR5 antagonists involves first determining the coreceptor usage by the infecting viral strain. Bioinformatics programs that predict coreceptor usage could provide an alternative method to screen candidates for treatment with CCR5 antagonists, particularly in countries with limited financial resources. Thus, the present study aims to identify the best approach using bioinformatics tools for determining HIV-1 coreceptor usage in clinical practice. Proviral DNA sequences and Trofile results from 99 HIV-1-infected subjects under clinical monitoring were analyzed in this study. Based on the Trofile results, the viral variants present were 81.1% R5, 21.4% R5X4 and 1.8% X4. Determination of tropism using a Geno2pheno[coreceptor] analysis with a false positive rate of 10% gave the most suitable performance in this sampling: the R5 and X4 strains were found at frequencies of 78.5% and 28.4%, respectively, and there was 78.6% concordance between the phenotypic and genotypic results. Further studies are needed to clarify how genetic diversity amongst virus strains affects bioinformatics-driven approaches for determining tropism. Although this strategy could be useful for screening patients in developing countries, some limitations remain that restrict the wider application of coreceptor usage tests in clinical practice.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S0036-46652014000400003 2308 downloads

14.

Intoxicação aguda por triclorfon em caprinos tratados com a dose terapêutica
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Lopes, Welber Daniel Zanetti

; Carvalho, Rafael Silveira

; Gracioli, Diogo dos Passos

; Oliveira, Pedro Victor

; Pereira, Valdomiro

; Martinez, Antônio Campanha

; Mazzucatto, Barbara Cristina

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira

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feb 2014, Volume 34 N. 2 Pages 114 - 118

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

O presente estudo descreve um surto de intoxicação por triclorfon em caprinos, que receberam pela via oral, a dosagem terapêutica do princípio ativo em questão (100mg/kg), provenientes da Universidade Estadual de Maringá, campus de Umuarama, PR. Cinquenta e três ovinos foram tratados com a mesma formulação/solução e não se observou nenhum efeito colateral nos animais referente ao tratamento com triclorfon. Das 20 cabras medicadas, cerca de 40 minutos após a administração do triclorfon, oito apresentaram os clássicos sinais clínicos de ataxia, decúbito externo-lateral, sialorreia, tremores, constrição das pupilas, dispneia com ruídos, micção e defecação involuntária, paresia espástica, timpanismo e lacrimejamento. Quase que imediatamente após a detecção destes sinais, as oito cabras foram medicadas com sulfato de atropina 1% 0,5mg/kg mais fluidoterapia. Cinco destes animais tiveram de receber nova dosagem de sulfato de atropina uma hora após a primeira aplicação, em função de alguns sinais clínicos, como tremores musculares, ainda estarem presentes. De 48 a 72 horas após a administração do triclorfon, três destes cinco animais vieram a óbito. Na necropsia, foi possível observar mucosas cianóticas, congestão de fígado, baço e rins, vasos mesentéricos congestos, vesícula biliar repleta, enfisema pulmonar, parênquima pulmonar avermelhado. Os resultados encontrados neste trabalho chamam atenção que o surto aconteceu em cabras adultas, que apresentavam boas condições clínicas e acima de tudo, receberam a dosagem terapêutica recomendada em bula pelo fabricante. Talvez isso possa indicar alguma sensibilidade mais elevada desta espécie animal à dosagem recomendada em bula do triclorfon (100mg/kg) para caprinos.

The present study describes an outbreak of trichlorfon poisoning in goats from the State University of Maringá, campus Umuarama/PR that received orally the therapeutic dose of the active ingredient in question (100mg/kg). Fifty-three sheep had been treated with the same formulation/solution and no side effects were observed in any of these sheep medicated with triclorfon. But from 20 goats medicated with trichlorfon, eight goats showed, about 40 minutes after its administration, the classic clinical signs of ataxia, external lateral decubitus, drooling, tremors, constricted pupils, noisy dyspnea, involuntary urination and defecation, spastic paresis, bloat and tearing. Almost immediately after the detection of these signals, eight goats were medicated with 1% atropine sulfate (0.5mg/kg and fluid). Five of these goats received a second dose of atropine sulfate one hour after the first application because of some clinical signs such as muscle tremor still being present. Forty-eight to 72 hours after administration of trichlorfon, three of those five goats died. At necropsy we observed cyanotic mucous membranes, congestion of liver, spleen, kidneys and mesenteric vessels, filled gallbladder, emphysema, and reddish lungs. The results of this study call attention to the outbreak that occurred in adult goats in good clinical conditions and, above all, that they received the therapeutic dosage recommended on the manufacture label. This suggests a higher sensitivity of the species to the recommended dose of trichlorfon (100mg/kg) for goats.

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15.

Adição de anilinas à naftoquinona em água e em fase sólida
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Martinez, Sabrina T.

; Silva, Bárbara V.

; Pinto, Angelo C.

; Ferreira, Vitor F.

; Silva, Fernando de Carvalho da

Química Nova

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2012, Volume 35 N. 4 Pages 858 - 860

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Considering all the aspects of the principles of green chemistry, we present herein the addition reactions of amines to 1,4-naphthoquinone in water as solvent and also in solid phase. These reactions resulted in very colorful products that were easily monitored by thin layer chromatography and consequently easy to separate. Therefore, they are interesting experiments for experimental organic chemistry in the classrooms or in the laboratories.

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