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Antifungal effect of (R) and (S)-citronellal enantiomers and their predictive mechanism of action on Candida albicans from voriconazole-resistant onychomycoses
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Gouveia, R. G.

; Oliveira, N. R.

; Andrade-Júnior, F.P.

; Ferreira, R. C.

; Amorim, G. M. W.

; Silva, D. K. F.

; Duarte, S. S.

; Medeiros, C. I. S.

; Oliveira-Filho, A. A.

; Lima, E. O.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2023, Volume 83 elocation e271530

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Onychomycosis is the most common disease affecting the nail unit and accounts for at least 50% of all nail diseases. In addition, Candida albicans is responsible for approximately 70% of onychomycoses caused by yeasts. This study investigated the antifungal effect of (R) and (S)-citronellal enantiomers, as well as its predictive mechanism of action on C. albicans from voriconazole-resistant onychomycoses. For this purpose, in vitro broth microdilution and molecular docking techniques were applied in a predictive and complementary manner to the mechanisms of action. The main results of this study indicate that C. albicans was resistant to voriconazole and sensitive to the enantiomers (R) and (S)-citronellal at a dose of 256 and 32 µg/mL respectively. In addition, there was an increase in the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the enantiomers in the presence of sorbitol and ergosterol, indicating that these molecules possibly affect the integrity of the cell wall and cell membrane of C. albicans. Molecular docking with key biosynthesis proteins and maintenance of the fungal cell wall and plasma membrane demonstrated the possibility of (R) and (S)-citronellal interacting with two important enzymes: 1,3-β-glucan synthase and lanosterol 14α-demethylase. Therefore, the findings of this study indicate that the (R) and (S)-citronellal enantiomers are fungicidal on C. albicans from onychomycoses and probably these substances cause damage to the cell wall and cell membrane of these micro-organisms possibly by interacting with enzymes in the biosynthesis of these fungal structures.

Resumo A onicomicose é a doença mais comum que afeta a unidade ungueal e representa pelo menos 50% de todas as doenças ungueais. Além disso, a Candida albicans é responsável por aproximadamente 70% das onicomicoses causadas por leveduras. Nesse estudo, foi investigado o efeito antifúngico dos enantiômeros (R) e (S)-citronelal, bem como seu mecanismo de ação preditivo sobre C. albicans de onicomicoses resistentes ao voriconazol. Para este propósito, foram aplicadas técnicas in vitro de microdiluição em caldo e docking molecular de forma preditiva e complementar para os mecanismos de ação. Os principais resultados deste estudo indicam que C. albicans foi resistente ao voriconazol e sensível aos enantiômeros (R) e (S)-citronelal na dose de 256 e 32 µg/mL respectivamente. Além disso, houve aumento da concentração inibitória mínima (CIM) dos enantiômeros na presença do sorbitol e do ergosterol, indicando que estas moléculas possivelmente afetem a integridade da parede e da membrana celular de C. albicans. O docking molecular com proteínas chave da biossíntese e manutenção da parede celular e da membrana plasmática fúngica, demonstraram a possibilidade do (R) e (S)-citronelal interagir com duas importantes enzimas: 1,3-β-glucan sintase e lanosterol 14α-demetilase. Portanto, os achados desse estudo indicam que os enantiômeros (R) e (S)-citronelal são fungicidas sobre C. albicans de onicomicoses e provavelmente essas substâncias causem danos a parede e a membrana celular desses microrganismos possivelmente por interagir com as enzimas da biossíntese destas estruturas fúngicas.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.271530

Poly(vinyl alcohol)-Based Electrospun Nanofibers with Improved Antimicrobial Activity
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Machado, Paola A. P.

; Fraga, Gabriel N.

; Medeiros, Alessandra R.

; Pellá, Michelly C. G.

; Colauto, Nelson B.

; Linde, Giani A.

; Cavalheiro, Fernando N.

; Faria, Maria G. I.

; Dragunski, Douglas C.

; Caetano, Josiane

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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2023, Volume 34 N. 12 Pages 1852 - 1862

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Electrospinning was used to produce poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)-based nanofibers containing nerolidol (NER) as the antimicrobial agent. The scanning electron microscopy results indicated the formation of homogeneous fibers in the absence of NER. However, its incorporation into the fiber prevented the complete solvent evaporation, ultimately leading to the coalescence of the fibers. It became more evident as the amount of NER increased from 0 to 50% m/v. The incorporation of NER also decreased the crystallinity of the fibers from 10 to ca. 6.5%. However, this decrease was not proportional to the concentration of NER. The contact angle results confirmed the presence of NER molecules on the surface of the fibers especially due to the increase of the contact angle from 0 (PVA/NER0) to 27.8º (PVA/NER50). The fibrous mats exhibited good antimicrobial activity, being even more efficient than the control in some cases, suggesting their potential for wound-dressing purposes.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20230078

Salinity tolerance of tomato fertigated with different K+/Ca2+ proportions in protected environment
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Oliveira, Francisco de A. de

; Paiva, Francisco I. G.

; Medeiros, José F. de

; Melo, Mikhael R. de S.

; Oliveira, Mychelle K. T. de

; Silvas, Ricardo C. P. da

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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sep 2021, Volume 25 N. 9 Pages 620 - 625

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Adequada nutrição potássica e cálcica é uma estratégia para reduzir o estresse salino sobre o tomateiro, pois reduz o desbalanço nutricional nas plantas. Com o objetivo de avaliar a produção do tomate utilizando irrigação com águas salinas, e fertigação com diferentes proporções potássio-cálcio, realizou-se um experimento em ambiente protegido em Mossoró, RN. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial 5 x 4, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram em combinações de quatro condutividade elétricas da solução nutritiva (ECns) (1,75; 3,25; 4,75 e 6,25 dS m-1) com cinco proporções iônicas (m/m) de potássio e cálcio (F1 = 2.43:1; F2 = 2.03:1; F3 = 1.62:1; F4 = 1.30:1 and F5 = 1.08:1). As variáveis resposta foram: número de frutos, peso médio de fruto, produção de frutos por planta e produção relativa. Foi possível identificar resultados de produção satisfatórios quando se usa uma maior salinidade. O uso de fertigação com baixas proporções K+/Ca2+ potencializa o efeito da salinidade sobre a cultura do tomateiro.

ABSTRACT Adequate potassium and calcium nutrition is a strategy to reduce salt stress on tomatoes, as it reduces nutritional imbalance in plants. With the objective of evaluating tomato production using irrigation with saline waters and fertigation with different potassium-calcium proportions, an experiment was carried out in a protected environment in Mossoró, RN, Brazil. The experimental design used was randomized blocks, in a 5 x 4 factorial scheme, with four replicates. The treatments consisted of the combination of four electrical conductivity of nutrient solution (ECns) (1.75; 3.25; 4.75; and 6.25 dS m-1) combined with five ionic proportions (m/m) of potassium and calcium (F1 = 2.43:1; F2 = 2.03:1; F3 = 1.62:1; F4 = 1.30:1 and F5 = 1.08:1). The response variables were: number of fruits, mean fruit weight, fruit production per plant and relative yield. It was possible to identify satisfactory results of production when higher salinity was used. Fertigation with low K+/Ca2+ proportions intensifies the effect of salinity on tomato crop.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v25n9p620-625 149 downloads

Bioactive Bioflavonoids from Platonia insignis (Bacuri) Residues as Added Value Compounds
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Ribeiro, Dayane C.

; Russo, Helena M.

; Fraige, Karina

; Zeraik, Maria L.

; Nogueira, Cláudio R.

; Silva, Patrícia B. da

; Codo, Ana C.

; Calixto, Giovana M. F.

; Medeiros, Alexandra I. de

; Chorilli, Marlus

; Bolzani, Vanderlan S.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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apr 2021, Volume 32 N. 4 Pages 786 - 799

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Platonia insignis fruit, popularly known as bacuri, is traditionally used in folk medicine for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Therefore, this study determined the chemical composition and biological activities of the bacuri’s shell and seeds extracts, considered residues from its consumption and industrial uses. Four biflavonoids (GB-2a, GB-1a, morelloflavone, and volkensiflavone) were identified in the extracts by high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection (HPLC-DAD), liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and liquid chromatography-solid phase extraction-nuclear magnetic resonance (LC-SPE-NMR) techniques. Morelloflavone was identified as the main compound in the shell ethyl acetate extract, being responsible for the high in vitro antioxidant (50% effective concentration (EC50) ranging from 8.0-10.5 µg mL−1 in different protocols), anti-glycant (80%), and moderate inhibition of nitric oxide (1.56 µg mL−1 for > 90% cell viability) activities. This extract showed promising in vivo anti-inflammatory activity evaluated through the paw edema protocol after its incorporation into a liquid-crystalline drug carrier system, reducing the edema by up to 31%. The results demonstrated the potential of the fruit for the development of drugs of natural origin and corroborated to add economic value to these discarded residues.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20200230 284 downloads

Poor Sleep quality and health-related quality of life impact in adolescents with and without chronic immunosuppressive conditions during COVID-19 quarantine
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Helito, Alberto C.

; Lindoso, Livia

; Sieczkowska, Sofia M.

; Astley, Camilla

; Queiroz, Ligia B.

; Rose, Natalia

; Santos, Claudia Renata P.

; Bolzan, Thalis

; Peralta, Rita María I.A.

; Franco, Ruth R.

; Cominato, Louise

; Pereira, Rosa Maria R.

; Tannuri, Uenis

; Campos, Lucia Maria A.

; Lourenço, Benito

; Toma, Ricardo K.

; Medeiros, Karina

; Watanabe, Andréia

; Grangeiro, Patricia Moreno

; Farhat, Sylvia C.

; Casella, Caio B.

; Polanczyk, Guilherme V.

; Gualano, Bruno

; Silva, Clovis A.

; Sallum, Adriana M. E.

; Iraha, Amanda Y.

; Ihara, Bianca P.

; Mazzolani, Bruna C.

; Martinez, Claudia A.

; Strabelli, Claudia A. A.

; Fonseca, Claudia B.

; Lima, Dandara C. C.

; Setoue, Debora N. D.

; Roz, Deborah F. P.

; Smaira, Fabiana I.

; Roschel, Hamilton

; Miyatani, Helena T.

; Marques, Isabela G.

; Oba, Jane

; Ferreira, Juliana C. O.

; Simon, Juliana R.

; Kozu, Katia

; Saccani, Ligia P.

; Martiniano, Lorena V. M.

; Miranda, Luana C. A.

; Silva, Luiz E. V.

; Laurentino, Moisés F.

; Aikawa, Nadia E.

; Sakita, Neusa K.

; Tanigava, Nicolas Y.

; Pereira, Paulo R. A.

; Palmeira, Patrícia

; Angelo, Simone S.

; Lavorato, Sofia S. M.

; Bernardes, Tamires M.

; Franco, Tathiane C.

; Viana, Vivianne S. L.

; Barros, Vera P. M. F. R.

; Zheng, Yingying

Clinics

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2021, Volume 76 elocation e3501

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

OBJECTIVE: To assess the possible factors that influence sleep quality in adolescents with and without chronic immunosuppressive conditions quarantined during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 305 adolescents with chronic immunocompromised conditions and 82 healthy adolescents. Online surveys were completed, which included questions on socio-demographic data and self-rated healthcare routine during COVID-19 quarantine and the following validated questionnaires: the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0 (PedsQL4.0), and Pediatric Outcome Data Collection Instrument (PODCI). RESULTS: The median current age [14 (10-18) vs. 15 (10-18) years, p=0.847] and frequency of female sex (62% vs. 58%, p=0.571) were similar in adolescents with chronic conditions compared with healthy adolescents. The frequency of poor sleep quality was similar in both groups (38% vs. 48%, p=0.118). Logistic regression analysis, including both healthy adolescents and adolescents with chronic conditions (n=387), demonstrated that self-reported increase in screen time (odds ratio [OR] 3.0; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.3-6.8; p=0.008) and intrafamilial violence report (OR 2.1; 95% CI 1.2-3.5; p=0.008) were independently associated with poor sleep quality in these adolescents. However, the PODCI global function score was associated with a lower OR for poor sleep quality (OR 0.97; 95% CI 0.94-0.99; p=0.001). Further logistic regression, including only adolescents with chronic conditions (n=305), demonstrated that self-reported increase in screen time (OR 3.1; 95% CI 1.4-6.8; p=0.006) and intrafamilial violence report (OR 2.0; 95% CI 1.2-3.4; p=0.011) remained independently associated with poor quality of sleep, whereas a lower PODCI global function score was associated with a lower OR for sleep quality (OR 0.96; 95% CI 0.94-0.98; p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Self-reported increases in screen time and intrafamilial violence report impacted sleep quality in both healthy adolescents and those with chronic conditions. Decreased health-related quality of life was observed in adolescents with poor sleep quality.

https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2021/e3501

Sodium butyrate and peppermint essential oil in jundiá diet: performance, histology, and challenge of Ichthyophthirius multifiliis
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Spanghero, Diogo Bessa Neves

; Spanghero, Emília Carolina Alencar de Medeiros

; Pedron, Janaína dos Santos

; Chagas, Edsandra Campos

; Chaves, Francisco Célio Maia

; Zaniboni-Filho, Evoy

Ciência Rural

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2020, Volume 50 N. 11 elocation e20200427

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o desempenho zootécnico, a mucosa intestinal, a resistência ao estresse e a reação à infestação pelo parasita Ichthyophthirius multifiliis em larvas de jundiá Rhamdia quelen suplementadas com óleo essencial de Mentha piperita ou butirato de sódio em suas dietas. Foram utilizadas cinco dietas por 30 dias: dieta livre de inclusão de aditivos, 0% (controle); inclusão de 1% ou 2% de óleo essencial de M. piperita, EO1% e EO2%, respectivamente; e inclusão de 0,25% ou 0,50% de butirato de sódio, SB0.25% e SB0.50%, respectivamente. As diferentes dietas não foram capazes de inibir a infestação por I. multifiliis. A suplementação com SB0.50% em suas dietas apresentou melhor desempenho em todos os parâmetros zootécnicos analisados, incluindo um aumento do peso final em 54% e a sobrevivência em 70%, e aumentou (P<0,05) a largura das vilosidades e a quantidade de células caliciformes presentes na mucosa intestinal em aproximadamente 50%. Em vista desses resultados, recomenda-se a suplementação dietética de larvas de R. quelen com butirato de sódio a 0,50% por 30 dias.

ABSTRACT: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the zootechnical performance, intestinal mucosa, and reaction to infestation by the parasite Ichthyophthirius multifiliis in jundiá Rhamdia quelen larvae supplemented with Mentha piperita essential oil or sodium butyrate in their diets. Five diets were used over 30 days: diet free of additive inclusion, 0% (control); inclusion of 1% or 2% of M. piperita essential oil: EO1% and EO2%, respectively; and inclusion of 0.25% or 0.50% of sodium butyrate: SB0.25% and SB0.50%, respectively. The different diets were not able to inhibit I. multifiliis infestation. Supplementation with SB0.50% in their diets presented better performance in all zootechnical parameters analyzed, including a 54% increase in final weight and 70% in survival, and increased (P<0.05) both the villi width and the amount of goblet cells present in the intestinal mucosa by approximately 50%. In view of these results, dietary supplementation of R. quelen larvae with 0.50% sodium butyrate for 30 days is recommended.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20200427 542 downloads

Antifungal activity of linalool in cases of Candida spp. isolated from individuals with oral candidiasis
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Dias, I. J.

; Trajano, E. R. I. S.

; Castro, R. D.

; Ferreira, G. L. S.

; Medeiros, H. C. M.

; Gomes, D. Q. C.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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may 2018, Volume 78 N. 2 Pages 368 - 374

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Este estudo analisou a atividade antifúngica do fitoconstituinte linalol em cepas de Candida ssp, in vitro, isolados de pacientes com o diagnóstico clínico de candidíase oral associado ao uso de prótese dentária. As amostras biológicas foram coletadas de 12 pacientes portadores de próteses totais ou próteses parciais removíveis e que apresentavam características de mucosa eritematosa difusa ou pontilhadas, indicando um diagnóstico clínico de candidíase. Para identificar colônias de fungos do gênero Candida, as amostras foram semeadas em CHROMagar Candida®. A atividade antifúngica do linalol, um componente insaturado monoterpene de óleo de manjericão, foi realizada através da técnica de microdiluição em caldo. Em seguida, a concentração inibitória mínima (MIC), as duas concentrações consecutivas mais fortes e os controles positivos foram subcultivados em placas de Agar Sabouraud Dextrose para determinar a concentração fungicida mínima (MFC). Os experimentos foram realizados em triplicata e a nistatina foi usada como controle positivo em todos os testes. O diagnóstico de candidíase oral foi comprovado em oito pacientes (66,6%) e as espécies de fungos mais prevalentes foram Candida albicans (37,5%), seguido por Candida krusei (25,0%); e Candida tropicalis (4,2%). A melhor atividade antifúngica do linalol foi observada em Candida tropicalis (MIC = 500 mg/ml), seguido por Candida albicans (CIM = 1,000 mg/mL), e Candida krusei (CIM = 2,000 mg/mL). Sob as condições do estudo e com base nos resultados obtidos, pode-se concluir que as estirpes de Candida testadas foram susceptíveis a linalol.

Abstract This study analyzed the antifungal activity of phytoconstituents from linalool on Candida spp. strains, in vitro, isolated from patients with clinical diagnoses of oral candidiasis associated with the use of a dental prosthesis. Biological samples were collected from 12 patients using complete dentures or removable partial dentures and who presented mucous with diffuse erythematous or stippled features, indicating a clinical diagnosis of candidiasis. To identify fungal colonies of the genus Candida, samples were plated onto CHROMagar Candida®. The antifungal activity of linalool, a monoterpene unsaturated constituent of basil oil, was performed using the broth microdilution technique. Then, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), the two subsequent stronger concentrations and the positive controls were subcultured on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar plates to determine the minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC). The experiments were performed in triplicate and nystatin was used as a positive control in all tests. Diagnoses of oral candidiasis were verified in eight patients (66.6%) and the most prevalent fungal species was Candida albicans (37.5%), followed by Candida krusei (25.0%); and Candida tropicalis (4.2%). The best antifungal activity of linalool was observed on Candida tropicalis (MIC = 500 mg/mL), followed by Candida albicans (MIC = 1.000 mg/mL), and Candida krusei (MIC = 2.000 mg/mL).Under the study conditions and based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that the Candida strains tested were susceptible to linalool.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.171054 2173 downloads

Saline water irrigation managements on growth of ornamental plants
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Oliveira, Francisco I. F.

; Medeiros, Wiliana J. F. de

; Lacerda, Claudivan F. de

; Neves, Antônia L. R.

; Oliveira, Davi R.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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nov 2017, Volume 21 N. 11 Pages 739 - 745

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO A agricultura biossalina é uma opção para o uso de águas com qualidade inferior. Com isso, objetivou-se avaliar o crescimento de espécies ornamentais sob irrigação com níveis crescentes de água salina e dois modos de aplicação. O estudo foi conduzido em ambiente protegido, no município de Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil. Os tratamentos foram distribuídos em blocos casualizados, em parcelas subsubdivididas, com seis níveis de salinidade da água nas parcelas (0,6 - testemunha; 1,2; 1,8; 2,4; 3,0 e 3,6 dS m-1), dois modos de aplicação de água nas subparcelas (irrigação localizada e aspersão) e quatro espécies ornamentais nas subsubparcelas (Catharanthus roseus, Allamanda cathartica, Ixora coccinea e Duranta erecta), com quatro repetições. O aumento na condutividade elétrica da água de irrigação reduziu o crescimento das espécies ornamentais estudadas. Não foi possível estabelecer um método ideal para a irrigação das espécies ornamentais. Os efeitos da irrigação não localizada sobre o crescimento foliar foram mais evidentes sobre as espécies C. roseus e D. erecta, as quais apresentaram maior área foliar específica.

ABSTRACT Biosaline agriculture is an option for using waters with lower quality. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the growth of ornamental species under irrigation with increasing water salinity levels in two methods of water application. The study was conducted in a greenhouse, in the municipality of Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. The treatments were distributed in randomized blocks in split plots, with six levels of water salinity in the plots (0.6 - control, 1.2, 1.8, 2.4, 3.0 and 3.6 dS m-1), two methods of water application in the subplots (localized and sprinkler irrigation) and four ornamental species in the sub-subplots (Catharanthus roseus, Allamanda cathartica, Ixora coccinea and Duranta erecta), with four replicates. Increase in irrigation water electrical conductivity reduced the growth of the studied ornamental species. It was not possible to establish an ideal method for irrigation of ornamental species. Effects of non-localized irrigation on leaf growth were more evident in the species C. roseus and D. erecta, which showed higher specific leaf area.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v21n11p739-745 1519 downloads

Rapid Detection of ACTG- and AK-Toxins in Alternaria alternata by LC-ESI-MS/MS Analysis and Antifungal Properties of Citrus Compounds
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Prieto, Kátia R.

; Medeiros, Lívia S. de

; Isidoro, Marsele M.

; Toffano, Leonardo

; Silva, Maria Fátima G. F. da

; Fernandes, João B.

; Vieira, Paulo C.

; Forim, Moacir R.

; Rodrigues-Filho, Edson

; Stuart, Rodrigo M.

; Machado, Marcos A.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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aug 2016, Volume 27 N. 8 Pages 1493 - 1505

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

A methanol-soluble fraction of the dichloromethane extract from the culture broth of A. alternata AT4303 strain afforded the following five known mycotoxins: alternariol, alternariol monomethyl ether, altenusin, altenuene and altertoxin I. A hexane-soluble fraction of the dichloromethane extract yielded the steroids ergosterol and ergosterol peroxide, and alternariol monomethyl ether. The concentrated ethyl acetate extract afforded the nucleoside uridine, uracil and inosine. The micro-extracts obtained from this strain in solid media were analyzed using liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS), and the following five known toxins were identified: ACTG-C, D, E and F and AK-toxin II. The major toxins produced by the tangerine pathotype ACT-toxins appear to be absent in strain AT4303. However, the low concentration of ACT-toxins appears to be responsible for their lack of detection in this study. Some compounds isolated from citrus plants were tested for in vitro activity against this strain. The results indicated that 17.3 µM apigenin-7-O-rutinoside inhibited by 80% conidial germination and appressorium development.

https://doi.org/10.5935/0103-5053.20160195 1193 downloads

10.

Composição corporal e desempenho motor em escolares da rede pública de ensino
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Albuquerque-Filho, Nailton J. Brandão de

; Felipe, Thiago R.

; Mendes-Rebouças, Gleidson

; Conceição-Maia, Ubilina M.

; Fonseca-Pinto, Edson

; Costa, Adalberto Veronese da

; Knackfuss, Maria I.

; Medeiros, Humberto J. De

Revista de Salud Pública

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dec 2013, Volume 15 N. 6 Pages 834 - 843

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Objetivo Analisar as influências da composição corporal sobre o desempenho motor de escolares da rede pública de ensino. Métodos Trata-se de um estudo de corte transversal desenvolvido com uma amostra 371 participantes do sexo feminino na faixa etária de sete a 16 anos matriculadas na rede pública de ensino e foram divididos em três grupos: Grupo 1 (G1), Grupo 2 (G2) e Grupo 3 (G3). Foram coletados peso e estatura para avaliar o índice de massa corporal (IMC), as dobras cutâneas de tríceps e subescapular para avaliar o percentual de gordura (% G), além dos testes de sentar e alcançar e o de velocidade de deslocamento de 20 metros. Resultados Foram encontrados diferenças significativas em todas as variáveis antropométricas. Entre as 371 participantes 41,4 % das escolares encontraram-se com sobrepeso ou obesidade, onde 66,1 % no G1, 34,5 % no G2 e 25,3 % no G3. Com relação ao % G, 29,1 % estão acima dos níveis adequados, sendo para G1 23,3 %, para G2 23,8% e para G3 35,2 %. Também nos testes motores foram encontradas diferenças significativas no teste de sentar e alcançar entre G1 e G2 e entre G2 e G3, bem como no teste de velocidade entre G1 e G3. Conclusão A adiposidade pode ter interferido no desempenho motor das escolares, em especial para o teste de velocidade de deslocamento de 20 metros.

Objective Analysing the influence of body composition on female public school students' motor performance. Methods This was a cross-sectional study which involved a sample 371 female public school system students aged seven to 16 years old; they were placed ingroup 1 (G1), group 2 (G2) orgroup 3 (G3). Weight and height were measured for evaluating the body mass index (BMI), triceps and subscapular skinfold thickness for assessing the percentage of body fat (%BF).Sit and reach and 20 meters displacement speed tests were also used. Results Significant differences were found regarding all anthropometric variables considered. It was found that 41.1% of the 371 female students were overweight or obese (66.1 % in G1, 34.5% in G2 and 25.3 % in G3). Regarding % BF, 29.1% of the students had percentages above suitable levels (23.3 % in G1, 23.8 % in G2 and 35.2 % in G3). Significant differences between G1 and G2 and between G2 and G3 were also found in the motor tests regarding the sit and reach test, as well as between G1 and G3 in the speed test. Conclusion Adiposity may have interfered with the students' motor performance, especially regarding the 20 meters' displacement speed test.

Objetivo Evaluar la influencia de la composición corporal en el desempeño motor de chicas en el sistema escolar público. Método Se trata de un estudio de corte transversal que se llevó a cabo con una muestra de 371 chicas de edades comprendidas entre siete y 16 años, matriculados en el sistema escolar público y fueron divididas en tres grupos: Grupo 1 (G1), Grupo 2 (G2) y Grupo 3 (G3). Se midieron peso y talla para evaluar el índice de masa corporal (IMC), los pliegues cutáneos del tríceps y subescapular para evaluar el porcentaje de grasa corporal (%G), más allá de los testes de sentarse y llegar y velocidad de desplazamiento de 20 metros. Resultados Se encontraron diferencias significativas en todas las variables antropométricas. Entre las 371 participantes, 41,4 % de las chicas tenían sobrepeso u obesidad, donde el 66,1 % para G1, 34,5 % en el G2 y 25,3 % en el G3. Cuanto a la % G, 29,1 % están por encima de los niveles adecuados, con 23.3 % para G1, 23.8 % para G2 y 35.2 % para G3. También en los testes motrices se encontraron diferencias significativas en el teste de sentarse y llegar entre G1 y G2 y entre G2 y G3, así como la prueba de velocidad entre G1 y G3. Conclusiones La adiposidad puede haber interferido en el desempeño motor de las chicas, sobre todo para el teste de velocidad de desplazamiento de 20 metros.

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11.

Composição corporal e desempenho motor em escolares da rede pública de ensino
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Albuquerque-Filho, Nailton J. Brandão de

; Felipe, Thiago R.

; Mendes-Rebouças, Gleidson

; Conceição-Maia, Ubilina M.

; Fonseca-Pinto, Edson

; Costa, Adalberto Veronese da

; Knackfuss, Maria I.

; De Medeiros, Humberto J.

Revista de Salud Pública

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nov 2013, Volume 15 N. 6 Pages 834 - 843

Abstract: Es En Pt | Text: Es En Pt | PDF: Es | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

1541 downloads

12.

Doença de depósito lisossomal induzida pelo consumo de Ipomoea verbascoidea (Convolvulaceae) em caprinos no semiárido de Pernambuco
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Lima, Dayane D.C.C.

; Albuquerque, Raquel F.

; Rocha, Brena P.

; Barros, Maria Edna G.

; Gardner, Dale R.

; Medeiros, Rosane M.T.

; Riet-Correa, Franklin

; Mendonça, Fábio S.

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira

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jul 2013, Volume 33 N. 7 Pages 867 - 872

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

O objetivo deste trabalho foi reproduzir a intoxicação por Ipomoea verbascoidea em caprinos e descrever os aspectos epidemiológicos, clínicos e histopatológicos da intoxicação espontânea por essa planta no Estado de Pernambuco. Para isso, realizou-se o acompanhamento da epidemiologia da doença em sete municípios do semiárido pernambucano. Três caprinos espontaneamente intoxicados foram examinados e, em seguida eutanasiados e necropsiados (Grupo I). Para reproduzir experimentalmente a doença, as folhas secas de I. verbascoidea contendo 0,02% de swainsonina, foram fornecidas na dose de 4g/kg (0,8mg de swainsonina/kg) a dois grupos de três animais. Os caprinos do Grupo II receberam a planta diariamente por 40 dias e foram eutanasiados no 41º dia de experimento. Os caprinos do Grupo III receberam a planta diariamente por 55 dias e foram eutanasiados no 120º dia de experimento. Outros três caprinos constituíram o grupo controle (Grupo IV). Nos grupos experimentais, as lesões encefálicas foram avaliadas por histopatologia e adicionalmente avaliaram-se as lesões cerebelares por morfometria, mediante mensuração da espessura da camada molecular, do número de neurônios de Purkinje e da área dos corpos celulares dessas células. Os principais sinais clínicos e lesões microscópicas foram semelhantes aos previamente reportados em animais intoxicados por plantas que contem swainsonina. Nos caprinos do GII e GIII, os primeiros sinais clínicos foram observados entre o 22º e 29º dia de experimento; clinicamente a doença desenvolvida por esses animais foi semelhante aos casos espontâneos. Nenhum dos caprinos do GIII se recuperou dos sinais neurológicos. Esse resultado evidencia que o consumo da planta por 26-28 dias após a observação dos primeiros sinais clínicos é suficiente para provocar lesões irreversíveis. Pela análise morfométrica, a camada molecular do cerebelo dos caprinos do Grupo I e III eram mais delgadas que às dos caprinos do grupo controle, e os neurônios de Purkinje estavam atróficos. Sugere-se que essas alterações sejam responsáveis pelo quadro clínico neurológico observado nos caprinos que deixam de ingerir a planta e apresentam seqüelas da intoxicação.

The aim of this paper was to reproduce the poisoning of Ipomoea verbascoidea in goats and describe the epidemiological, clinical and pathological aspects of spontaneous poisoning by this plant in Pernambuco. For this, we studied the epidemiology of the disease in seven municipalities in the semiarid region of the State. Three spontaneously poisoned goats were examined and then euthanized and necropsied (Group I). To reproduce the disease, the dried leaves of I. verbascoidea containing 0.02% swainsonine were supplied at doses of 4g/kg (0.8mg swainsonine/kg) to two groups of three animals. The goats in Group II received daily doses of the plant during 40 days and were euthanized on the 41st day of the experiment. Goats from Group III received daily doses of the plant during 55 days and were euthanized on the 120th day of the experiment. Other three goats constituted the control group (Group IV). In experimental groups, the brain lesions were evaluated by histopathology; additionally the cerebellar lesions were evaluated by morphometry, by measuring the molecular layer thickness, the number of Purkinje cells and the area of the cell bodies of these cells. The main clinical signs and microscopic lesions in goats poisoned were similar to those reported by swainsonine containing plants. In goats of GII and GIII, the first nervous signs were observed between 22th and 29th days; clinically, the disease developed by these animals was similar to the spontaneous cases. The goats of GIII did not recover from the neurologic signs. These results show that the consumption of the plant by 26-28 days after observation of the first clinical signs is enough to cause irreversible damage. By morphometric analysis, the molecular layer of the cerebellum of the goats of Group I and III were thinner than those of goats in the control group, and Purkinje neurons were atrophic. It is suggested that these changes are responsible for the neurological picture observed in goats that stop eating the plant and have sequelae of poisoning.

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13.

Estudo da ativação ácida e tratamento térmico de bauxita extraída de jazidas em Minas Gerais, Brasil
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Prado, C. M. R.

; Alves, M. I. R.

; Leles, M. I. G.

; Medeiros, R. I.

; Otto, C. R. N.

; Damasceno, F. C.

; Brait, C. H. H.

; Franco, P. I. B. M.

; Antoniosi Filho, N. R.

Cerâmica

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mar 2012, Volume 58 N. 345 Pages 111 - 117

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

O Brasil é um dos maiores produtores mundiais de bauxita, contudo pouco se conhece sobre as características químicas e mineralógicas desse mineral. Assim sendo, este trabalho tem por objetivo dar prosseguimento à caracterização de bauxita, estudando as transformações ocorridas nesse material quando submetido à ativação ácida e ao tratamento térmico. Os resultados demonstraram que a bauxita "in natura" é composta basicamente pelo mineral gibbsita, seguido de semicristalitos de goethita e óxido de silício, apresentando característica de sólido com ausência de mesoporosidade, com baixos valores de área superficial total, diâmetro e volume de poros. As modificações químicas e físicas que ocorrem no material durante a calcinação são governadas, principalmente, pela desidratação das fases de hidróxidos de alumínio presentes, levando à formação das fases boehmita, hematita e alfa alumina, além de resultar em aumento na porosidade e na área superficial da bauxita. As bauxitas ativadas em meio ácido mostraram que as transformações sofridas no sólido estão diretamente relacionadas com a concentração da solução ácida utilizada e resultam em aumento da área superficial total, diâmetro e volume de poros.

Brazil is one of the world's leading producers of bauxite. Little is known, however, about the chemical and mineralogical characteristics of Brazilian bauxite. The objective of this paper is to characterize bauxite in both natural and thermally and chemically activated forms. The transformations occurring during these two processes are described. The results show that the raw bauxite is basically composed of the mineral gibbsite, followed by semicrystalites of goethite and silicon oxide. Its characteristics are those of a solid without mesoporosity, with small total surface area and pore diameter and volume. The chemical and physical modifications that occur in the material during the calcination process are governed mainly by the dehydration of the aluminum hydroxides phases, leading to the formation of the boehmite, hematite and alpha alumina phases. Calcination results in an increase in the porosity and surface area of the bauxite as well as the appearance of the characteristics of mesoporous and thermally stable materials. The activation of bauxites in an acid medium showed that the transformations in the solid are directly related to the concentration of the acid solution used and result in an increase in the total surface area and pore diameter and volume.

4181 downloads

14.

Impacto da salinidade no desenvolvimento e crescimento de mudas de carnaúba (Copernicia prunifera (Miller) H.E.Moore)
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Holanda, Samia J. R.

; Araújo, Francisca S. de

; Gallão, Maria I.

; Medeiros Filho, Sebastião

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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jan 2011, Volume 15 N. 1 Pages 47 - 52

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Identificar o impacto da salinidade no desenvolvimento e crescimento de espécies resistentes a altas concentrações salinas é de fundamental importância para a recuperação de áreas salinizadas do semiárido nordestino brasileiro. Visando contribuir para a resolução desta problemática, o presente trabalho avaliou o efeito de diferentes níveis de salinidade para o desenvolvimento e o crescimento da carnaúba, espécie nativa e de extremo valor econômico para a região. Os níveis analisados foram: 0, 25, 50, 100 mM de NaCl, correspondente a uma condutividade elétrica de 2.0, 4.6, 7.1, 9.6, 12 dS m-1, respectivamente. Utilizou-se o delineamento inteiramente casualisado, com cinco tratamentos e quatro repetições, e se analisaram as variáveis altura da parte aérea, largura da parte aérea da folha, comprimento da raiz principal, peso da matéria seca, razão da matéria seca parte aérea/raiz e taxa de sobrevivência. Os tratamentos com 25 e 50 mM de NaCl não afetaram a sobrevivência inicial da planta. Concentrações maiores ou iguais que 75 mM de NaCl reduziram a produção de biomassa e a taxa de sobrevivência, em quase 50%; portanto, a produção de plantas nesses níveis de sal não é recomendada.

To identify the impact of salinity on the development and growth of species resistant to high salt concentration is fundamental for restoration of salty areas in the Northeast brazilian semi-arid region. Seeking to solve this problem this work evaluated the effect of different salt levels on the development and growth of ‘carnauba’, a native species with high economical value to the region. The levels analyzed were: 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 mM of NaCl, corresponding to an electrical conductivity of 2.0, 4.6, 7.1, 9.6 and 12 dS m-1, respectively. A completely randomized experimental design with five treatments and four replicates was used. The analyzed variables were aerial height, aerial width, main root length, dry weight, aerial/root ratio and survival rate. Treatments with 25 and 50 mM of NaCl did not affect the initial plant survival. Concentration levels greater or equal to 75 mM of NaCl reduced the biomass production and the survival rate in almost 50%. Therefore, plant production at these salt levels is not recommended.

5675 downloads

15.

Experimental swainsonine poisoning in goats ingesting Ipomoea sericophylla and Ipomoea riedelii (Convolvulaceae)
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Barbosa, Rossemberg C.

; Riet-Correa, Franklin

; Lima, Everton F.

; Medeiros, Rosane M.T.

; Guedes, Karla M.R.

; Gardner, Dale R.

; Molyneux, Russell J.

; Melo, Lúcio E.H. de

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira

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oct 2007, Volume 27 N. 10 Pages 409 - 414

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Ipomoea sericophylla e Ipomoea riedelii causam uma doença de armazenamento de glicoproteínas em caprinos. Este trabalho relata a intoxicação experimental em caprinos por I. sericophylla e I. riedelii contendo 0,05% e 0,01% de swainsonina, respectivamente. Foram utilizados três grupos de quatro animais. O Grupo 1 recebeu doses diárias de 2g/kg peso vivo (pv) de I. sericophylla dessecada (150mg de swainsonina/kg). Os caprinos deste grupo apresentaram sinais clínicos 36-38 dias após o início da ingestão. O Grupo 2 ingeriu diariamente 2g/kg de I. riedelii dessecada (30mg de swainsonina/kg) por 70 dias. Como não foram observados sinais clínicos a dose de suainsonina foi aumentada para 60mg/kg por outros 70 dias. Os caprinos do Grupo 2 apresentaram sinais clínicos 26-65 dias após o aumento da dose de swainsonina para 60mg/kg. O Grupo 3 foi utilizado como controle. Neste experimento, a menor dose tóxica de swainsonina foi de 60mg/kg, que representa 0,0004% da matéria seca, em caprinos ingerindo 1,5% pv de matéria seca. Para caprinos ingerindo 2%-2,5% pv de matéria seca essa dose corresponderia a 0,00024%-0,0003 % da matéria seca. Após o final do experimento dois caprinos foram eutanasiados e outros seis foram observados para conferir a recuperação dos sinais clínicos. Quatro caprinos que continuaram ingerindo as plantas contendo suainsonina por 39-89 dias após os primeiros sinais clínicos permaneceram com sinais clínicos irreversíveis, enquanto que dois caprinos que ingeriram as plantas por 15 e 20 dias após os primeiros sinais clínicos se recuperaram totalmente. Estes resultados e os de trabalhos anteriores sugerem que as lesões irreversíveis, devidas à perda neuronal, ocorrem quando os caprinos continuam ingerindo a planta por aproximadamente 30 dias após o início dos sinais clínicos. Os sinais clínicos e as lesões histológicas foram similares às descritas anteriormente em animais intoxicados por plantas contendo swainsonina. Não foram observadas alterações significantes no hematócrito, número de eritrócitos e leucócitos, hemoglobina, volume corpuscular médio, concentrações séricas de glicose, proteínas totais e albumina e nas atividades séricas de gama glutamiltransferase e aspartato aminotransferase. As concentrações de swainsonina de 0,05% em I. sericophylla e 0,01% em I. riedelii são diferentes de amostras de essas plantas utilizadas em experimentos prévios, que continham 0.14% e 0,5% de swainsonina, respectivamente, demonstrando uma marcada variação entre amostras.

Ipomoea sericophylla and Ipomoea riedelii cause a glycoprotein storage disease in goats. This paper reports the experimental poisoning in goats by dried I. sericophylla and I. riedelii containing 0.05% and 0.01% swainsonine, respectively. Three groups with four animals each were used. Group 1 received daily doses of 2g/kg body weight (bw) of dried I. sericophylla (150mg of swainsonine/kg). Goats from this group had clinical signs 36-38 days after the start of ingestion. Group 2 received dried I. riedelii daily doses of 2g/kg of I. riedelii (30mg of swainsonine/kg) for 70 days. No clinical signs were observed, therefore the swainsonine dose was increased to 60mg/kg for another 70 days. Goats from Group 2 had clinical signs 26-65 days after increase in swainsonine dose to 60mg/kg. Group 3 was used as control. In these experiments the minimum toxic dose was 60mg/kg which represents 0.0004% of the dry matter in goats ingesting 1.5% bw of the dry matter. For goats ingesting 2%-2.5% bw of dry matter this dose would be 0.00024%-0.0003% of the dry matter. After the end of the experiment two goats were euthanized and another six were observed for recovery of clinical signs. Four goats that continued to consume swainsonine containing plant for 39-89 days after the first clinical signs had non reversible signs, while two goats that ingested the plant for only 15 and 20 days after the first clinical signs recovered completely. These and previous results indicate that irreversible lesions due to neuronal loss occur in goats that continue to ingest the plants for about 30 days after the first clinical signs. Clinical signs and histological lesions were similar to those reported previously for goats poisoned by swainsonine containing plants. No significant alterations were found in packed cell volume, red and white blood cell counts, hemoglobin and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentrations, mean corpuscular volume, and serum levels of glucose, total protein, and albumin, and the serum activities of gamma glutamyl transferase and aspartate aminotransferase. Swainsonine concentration of 0.05% in I. sericophylla and 0.01% in I. riedelii are different from samples of these plants used in previous experiments, which contained 0.14% and 0.5% swainsonine, respectively, demonstrating a wide variation in the toxicity of different samples.

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