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Abstract Sapajus libidinosus members of the Pedra Furada group, living in the Serra da Capivara National Park, use stone tools in a wider variety of behaviors than any other living animal, except humans. To rescue the evolutionary history of the Caatinga S. libidinosus and identify factors that may have contributed to the emergence and maintenance of their tool-use culture, we conducted fieldwork seasons to obtain biological samples of these capuchin monkeys. UsingCYTBsequences, we show a discrete but constant population growth from the beginning of the Holocene to the present, overlapping the emergence of the Caatinga biome. Our habitat suitability reconstruction reports the presence of plants whose hard fruits, seeds, or roots are processed by capuchins using tools. TheS. libidinosusindividuals in the Caatingawere capable of dynamically developing and maintaining their autochthonous culture thanks to: a) cognitive capacity to generate and execute innovation under selective pressure; b) tolerance favoring learning and cultural inheritance; c) an unknown genetic repertoire that underpins the adaptive traits; d) a high degree of terrestriality; e) presence and abundance of natural resources, which makes some places “hot spots” for innovation, and cultural diversification within a relatively short time. group Park animal humans S tooluse tool monkeys UsingCYTBsequences present biome fruits seeds TheS pressure b inheritance c traits d terrestriality e resources hot spots time

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2023-0165

Análisis de los linajes paternos en la ciudad de Trujillo, Perú
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Sala, Camila

; Paz Sepúlveda, Paula B.

; Cuello, Mariela

; Schwab, Marisol E.

; Jurado Medina, Laura S.

; Motti, Josefina M.B.

; Santos, María Rita

; Aquilano, Eliana

; Alva, Enrique Martin

; Porturas, Martha Mejia

; Torres, Carlos León

; Alfaro Gómez, Emma Laura

; Dipierri, José Edgardo

; Demarchi, Darío A.

; Muzzio, Marina

; Bravi, Claudio M.

; Bailliet, Graciela

Runa

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jun 2022, Volume 43 N. 2 Pages 173 - 190

Abstract: Es Pt En | Text: Es Pt En | PDF: Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumen El actual territorio de Trujillo, una ciudad costera en el norte de Perú, fue ocupado por diversas culturas precolombinas a lo largo de la historia. Con la llegada de los conquistadores europeos en el siglo XVI, se inició un proceso de mestizaje que continúa hasta la actualidad. Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron identificar y caracterizar haplogrupos del cromosoma Y presentes en una muestra de voluntarios de Trujillo y evidenciar fenómenos de mestizaje y posibles similitudes entre la población en estudio y otras de Perú y Argentina. Se analizaron los linajes paternos a través de la región no recombinante del cromosoma Y por medio de un método de amplificación alelo-específica (PCR-AFLP) en reacciones multiplex para la identificación de marcadores bialélicos (SNPs) que determinan haplogrupos autóctonos y alóctonos para América. Tal como se esperaba, esta población presentó una ancestralidad predominantemente nativa, pero también se encontró una alta incidencia de linajes europeos.

Resumo O atual território de Trujillo, uma cidade costeira no norte do Peru, foi povoado por várias culturas pré-colombianas ao longo da história. Com a chegada dos conquistadores europeus no século XVI, iniciou-se um processo de miscigenação que continua até hoje. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram identificar e caracterizar os haplogrupos do cromossomo Y em uma amostra da população de Trujillo para compreender os fenômenos de mestiçagem e possíveis semelhanças com outras populações do Peru e da Argentina. As linhagens paternas foram analisadas através da região não recombinante do cromossomo Y, empregando um método de amplificação alelo-específico (PCR-AFLP) em reações multiplex para a identificação de marcadores bialélicos (SNPs) que determinam haplogrupos autóctones e alóctones para a América. Segundo o esperado, essa população apresentou ascendência predominantemente nativa, com alta prevalência de linhagens europeias.

Abstract The current territory of Trujillo, a coastal city in northern Peru, was occupied by various pre-Columbian cultures throughout history. With the arrival of European conquerors in the 16th century, process of admixture began that continues to this day. The goals of this article were to identify and characterize Y chromosome haplogroups in a sample of Trujillo inhabitants, and to compare its admixture processes with those in other Peru and Argentina populations. We analyzed paternal lineages by focusing on the non-recombinant region of the Y chromosome. An allele-specific amplification (PCR-AFLP) method was used in a multiplex reactions to identify biallelic markers (SNPs) that determine autochthonous and allochthonous haplogroups for America. As expected, this population showed a predominantly native ancestry, with high incidence of European lineages.

https://doi.org/10.34096/runa.v43i2.10667 57 downloads

Diferencias y similitudes clínicas y epidemiológicas de la neumonía viral en dos pandemias
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Riquelme O., Raúl

; Rioseco Z., María Luisa

; Riquelme O., Mauricio

; Riquelme D., Javier

; Caro M., José

; Oyarzún M., Daniela

; Rincón C., Marieliz

; Bahamonde O., Camila

; Gallardo A., Daniela

; Bedoya J., Julian

; Medina A., Cristian

; Inzunza P., Carlos

Revista médica de Chile

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mar 2022, Volume 150 N. 3 Pages 316 - 323

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Background: In a decade, we faced two pandemic viruses, influenza A H1N1pdm09 and SARS CoV-2, whose most serious manifestation is pneumonia. Aim: To compare the clinical, epidemiological and management aspects of pneumonias caused by each pandemic virus in adults requiring hospitalization. Material and Methods: Comparative, observational study carried out at a regional Chilean hospital, including 75 patients with influenza A H1N1pdm09 prospectively studied in 2009 and 142 patients with SARS-CoV-2 studied in 2020. Results: Patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia were older (56 and 39.7 years respectively, p < 0.01) and had significantly more comorbidities. Cough, fever and myalgias were more frequent in influenza. Dyspnea was more frequent in COVID-19. Patients with COVID-19 had more extensive lung involvement and a longer hospitalization (13.6 and 8.6 days respectively, p = 0.01). There was no difference on ICU admission requirements and mortality attributable to pneumonia. Patients with influenza had greater APACHE scores and a higher frequency of a PaO2/FiO2 ratio ≤ 200. During COVID-19pandemic chest sean replaced x-ray examination. Also high-flow nasal cannulas and awake prone position ventilation were added as treatments. Conclusions: COVID-19 patients were older, had fewer classic flu symptoms but more dyspnea and longer hospitalization periods than patients with influenza.

59 downloads

AUTORREGULACIÓN Y AUTOCOMPASIÓN EN CONDUCTAS PROMOTORAS DE SALUD Y DE RIESGO EN ESTUDIANTES UNIVERSITARIOS
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Nazar, Gabriela

; Arteaga-Marín, María José

; Irrázabal-Medina, Bárbara

; Martínez-Matamala, Stephany

; Oñate-Salinas, Valentina

; Pinot-Aravena, Dominique

; Schade-Villagrán, Camila

; Bustos, Claudio

Ciencia y enfermería

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2022, Volume 28 elocation 1

Abstract: En Es Pt | Text: En Es Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Self-regulation (SR) and Self-compassion (SC) emerge as effective psychological resources for promoting health. Objective: To describe health-promoting and risk-taking behaviors of university students in Chile and establish their relationship with SR and SC. Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive correlational study. A sample of Chilean undergraduate students (n=544) responded to a health questionnaire and the Short Self-Regulation Questionnaire and Self-Compassion Scale. Results: Low frequency of health-promoting behaviors and presence of risk-taking behaviors such as tobacco use (22.6%), drug use (41.3%) and problematic alcohol use (20.3%) were observed. SR impulse control was associated with a higher probability of healthy eating behavior (OR=1.56; CI 95%: 1.12-2.19; p <0.01) and better sleep quality (OR=1,7; CI: 1.24-2.38; p <0.01). Mindfulness, a component of SC, was associated with less regular physical activity (OR=0.69; CI: 0.49-0.95; p <0.05) and lower consumption of non-prescription drugs (OR=0.54; CI: 0.32-0.91; p <0.05), and self-judgment was related to a higher consumption of non-prescription drugs (OR=1.83; CI: 1.03-3.28; p <0.05). Conclusion: Impulse control influences both eating and sleep regulation, which are domains that tend to be altered among university students. SC is related to a lower probability of consuming non-prescription drugs. Both SR and SC emerge as potentially useful resources for promoting healthy habits and preventing risk behaviors.

RESUMEN La Autorregulación (AR) y la Autocompasión (AC) emergen como recursos psicológicos efectivos para la promoción de salud. Objetivo: Describir conductas promotoras de salud y conductas de riesgo de universitarios en Chile y establecer su asociación con la AR y AC. Material y Método: Estudio de carácter correlacional descriptivo, de corte transversal. Una muestra de estudiantes universitarios chilenos de pregrado (n=544) respondió un cuestionario sobre conductas de salud y de riesgo, y las escalas Short Self-Regulation Questionnaire y Self-Compassion Scale. Resultados: Se observó baja frecuencia de conductas promotoras de salud y presencia de conductas de riesgo como consumo de tabaco (22,6%), de drogas (41,3%) y consumo problemático de alcohol (20,3%). El control de impulsos de la AR se asoció a mayor probabilidad de conducta alimentaria saludable (OR=1,56; IC 95%: 1,12-2,19; p< 0,01) y mejor calidad de sueño (OR=1,7; IC: 1,24-2,38; p<0,01). El mindfulness, componente de la AC, se asoció a menor actividad física regular (OR=0,69; IC:0,49-0,95; p<0,05) y menor consumo de medicamentos sin prescripción (OR=0,54; IC:0,32-0,91; p<0,05), y el autojuicio a mayor consumo de medicamentos sin prescripción (OR=1,83; IC: 1,03-3,28; p< 0,05). Conclusión: El control de impulsos se asocia a la regulación de la alimentación y sueño, ambos dominios alterados en la etapa universitaria; la AC se relaciona con menor probabilidad de consumo de medicamentos sin prescripción. Tanto la AR como la SC emergen como recursos potencialmente útiles hacia la promoción de hábitos saludables y prevención de conductas de riesgo para la salud.

RESUMO A Autorregulação (AR) e a Autocompaixão (AC) surgem como recursos psicológicos eficazes para a promoção da saúde. Objetivo: Descrever os comportamentos promotores da saúde e os comportamentos de risco de estudantes universitários no Chile e estabelecer sua relação com o AR e AC. Materiais e Método: Estudo correlacional descritivo transversal. Uma amostra de estudantes universitários chilenos (n = 544) respondeu a um questionário sobre saúde e aos Self-Regulation Questionnaire e Self-Compassion Scale. Resultados: Observou-se baixa frequência de comportamentos promotores de saúde e presença de comportamentos de risco como o consumo de tabaco (22,6%), uso de drogas (41,3%) e uso problemático de álcool (20,3%). O controle do impulso da AR foi associado a uma maior probabilidade de comportamento alimentar saudável (OR = 1,56; IC 95%: 1,12-2,19; p <0,01) e melhor qualidade do sono (OR = 1,7; IC: 1,24-2,38; p < 0,01). O componente mindfulness da AC foi associado a menor atividade física regular (OR = 0,69; IC: 0,49-0,95; p <0,05) e menor consumo de medicamentos não prescritos (OR = 0,54; IC: 0,32-0,91; p <0,05), e o autojulgamento foi relacionado a um maior consumo de medicamentos não controlados (OR=1,83; IC: 1,03-3,28; p <0,05). Conclusão: O controle dos impulsos influencia a regulação da alimentação e do sono, que são domínios que tendem a ser alterados na fase universitária. A AC está relacionada a uma menor probabilidade de consumir medicamentos sem receita médica. Tanto a AR como a AC surgem como recursos potencialmente úteis para a promoção de hábitos saudáveis e prevenção de comportamentos de risco para a saúde.

https://doi.org/10.29393/ce28-1aagc80001 140 downloads

Preparación de la piel para la prevención de la Infección del Sitio Operatorio: Revisión de Alcance
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Medina Garzón, Mauricio

; Castaño Plata, María Camila

; Moreno Herrera, Cristhian Camilo

Revista Cuidarte

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aug 2021, Volume 12 N. 2 elocation e1054

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Resumo Introdução A Infecção do Local Operatório gera impacto econômico e social devido aos altos custos durante a recuperação, internação e o impacto na qualidade de vida, portanto, é necessário identificar as intervenções e recomendações para o preparo da pele, visando à prevenção de cirurgias da infecção local operativo, com base em evidências científicas. Materiais e Métodos Uma revisão sistemática de alcance foi realizada dentro da estrutura do Instituto Joanna Briggs e dos parâmetros Prisma-P. Nas bases de dados Medline, OVID, Pubmed, Scielo, BVS e Cochrane, publicadas entre os anos 2010-2019, nos idiomas inglês, português e espanhol. Resultados Foram analisados 28 artigos. Destes, 6 foram identificados na categoria geral, incluindo as diretrizes de prevenção de infecção de local cirúrgico, 6 para o banho pré-operatório, 6 para barbear e 10 para assepsia e antissepsia. Discussão Em relação ao banho pré-operatório, é uma prática recomendada internacionalmente, as evidências demonstram que esta atividade não representa nenhum benefício; na categoria de barbear, a recomendação é não remover os pelos, a menos que seja absolutamente necessário. Dada à assepsia do local cirúrgico, a contribuição é principalmente informativa sobre os antissépticos e recomenda-se o uso da clorexidina. Conclusões De acordo com a revisão sistemática do alcance da literatura, não há evidências de uma padronização nas recomendações e intervenções, para o preparo da pele na prevenção da Infecção do Local Operatório.

Abstract Introduction Surgical Site Infections have an economic and social impact due to high costs during recovery, hospital stay and deterioration in quality of life. Therefore, it is required to identify interventions and recommendations for skin preparation aimed at preventing surgical site infection based on a scientific evidence-based approach. Materials and Methods A systematic scoping review was conducted on English, Portuguese and Spanish articles published in Medline, Ovid, PubMed, Scielo, BVS, and Cochrane in 2010-2019 using the Joanna Briggs Institute approach and Prisma-P parameters. Results After analyzing a total of 28 articles, 6 articles were found to be related to the general category (including guidelines for prevention of surgical site infection), 6 for preoperative bathing, 6 for preoperative hair removal and 10 for asepsis and antisepsis. Discussion Although preoperative bathing is an internationally recognized practice, scientific evidence shows that this activity does not have any benefit. As for preoperative hair removal, it is not recommended except where absolutely necessary. As for surgical asepsis, mostly informative aspects are found about the use of antiseptics and chlorhexidine. Conclusions Based on the systematic scoping review of the literature, a lack of standardization was found regarding interventions and recommendations for skin preparation for the prevention of Surgical Site Infection

Resumen Introducción La Infección del sitio operatorio genera un impacto económico y social debido a los altos costos durante la recuperación, la estancia hospitalaria y la afectación de la calidad de vida, por esto, es necesario identificar las intervenciones y recomendaciones para la preparación de la piel, encaminadas a la prevención de la infección del sitio operatorio, basado en la evidencia científica. Materiales y Métodos Se realizó una revisión sistemática de alcance en el marco del Instituto Joanna Briggs y los parámetros Prisma-P. En las bases de datos Medline, OVID, Pubmed, Scielo, BVS y Cochrane, publicadas entre los años 2010-2019, en los idiomas inglés, portuges y español. Resultados Se analizaron 28 artículos. De estos, se identificaron 6 de la categoría general incluidas las guías de prevención de infección del sitio operatorio, 6 para el baño preoperatorio, 6 para la realización del rasurado y 10 de asepsia y antisepsia. Discusión Con respecto al baño preoperatorio, es una práctica recomendada internacionalmente, la evidencia demuestra que esta actividad no representa ningún beneficio; en la categoría de rasurado, la recomendación es no remover el vello a menos que sea absolutamente necesario. Frente a la asepsia del sitio quirúrgico, el aporte es más que todo informativo acerca de los antisépticos y se recomienda el uso de la clorhexidina. Conclusiones De acuerdo a la revisión sistemática de alcance de la literatura, no se evidencia una estandarización en las recomendaciones e intervenciones, para la preparación de la piel en la prevención de Infección del Sitio Operatorio.

https://doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.1054 352 downloads

Effects of a Home Care Program in Geriatrics on the Number of Hospitalizations and Emergency Room Visits
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Gómez-Salazar, Valentina

; Garcés-Medina, María Camila

; Chavarro-Carvajal, Diego Andrés

; Meneses-Bernal, Juan Felipe

; Cano-Gutiérrez, Carlos Alberto

; Santacruz Escudero, José Manuel

Universitas Medica

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jun 2021, Volume 62 N. 2 elocation e31508

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Objetivo: Evaluar los efectos del programa de atención domiciliaria del Centro de Memoria y Cognición Intellectus en un grupo de pacientes multimórbidos y dependientes con respecto al número de hospitalizaciones y consultas a urgencias antes del ingreso al programa y un año posterior al seguimiento. Diseño: Fue un estudio longitudinal de antes y después. Participantes: Pacientes del programa de atención domiciliaria del Centro de Memoria y Cognición Intellectus atendidos por geriatría domiciliaria con edad igual o mayor a 65 años, con enfermedades crónicas discapacitantes o trastorno neurocognoscitivo mayor; índice de Barthel menor de 60 y seguimiento mínimo de un año en el programa de atención domiciliaria. Intervenciones: Seguimiento de un año en el programa de atención domiciliaria y entrevista estructurada a los pacientes o familiares de los pacientes para evaluar los desenlaces. Resultados: El promedio de hospitalizaciones se redujo de 1,91 (DE: 1,82; IC95 %: 1,50-2,32) a 0,96 (DE: 1,43; IC95 %: 0,66-1,26) con significancia estadística (p < 0,001). El promedio de consultas a urgencias disminuyó de forma significativa (p < 0,001) de 2,20 (DE: 1,91; IC95 %: 1,77-2,63) a 1,20 (DE: 1,69; IC95 %: 0,82-1,58). Conclusiones: Se redujo el número de vistas a urgencias e ingresos hospitalarios con diferencias estadísticamente significativas.

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the effects of the home care program of the Intellectus Center of Memory and Cognition in a group of multimorbid and dependent patients with regards to the number of hospitalizations and emergency room visits, before the program and one year after the follow-up. Design: Longitudinal study of before and after type. Participants: Patients of the home care program of the Intellectus Center of Memory and Cognition, who met inclusion criteria: attended at home by geriatrician, aged 65 or over, chronic diseases or dementia, cancer or others, Barthel index less than 60, minimum follow up of one year in home care program. Main measurements: Number of hospitalizations and emergency room visits, before and after the year of follow up. Results: The average of hospitalizations decreased from 1.91 (SD: 1.82; 95% CI: 1.50-2.32) to 0.96 (SD: 1.43; 95% CI: 0.66 to 1.26) with statistical significance (p = 0.002). The average number of emergency room visits decreased significantly (p = 0.0003) from 2.20 (SD: 1.91; 95% CI: 1.77-2.63) to 1.20 (SD: 1.69; 95% CI: 0.82-1.58). Conclusions: A reduction in the number of emergency room visits and hospital admissions was evidenced with statistically significant difference.

https://doi.org/10.11144/javeriana.umed62-2.enhc 55 downloads

Universidad inteligente: Factores claves para la adopción de internet de las cosas y big data.
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Rico-Bautista, Dewar

; Maestre-Góngora, Gina Paola

; Guerrero, Cesar D.

; Medina-Cárdena, Yurley

; Areniz-Arévalo, Yesenia

; Sanchez-Velasquez, María Camila

; Barrientos-Avendaño, Edwin

RISTI - Revista Ibérica de Sistemas e Tecnologias de Informação

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mar 2021, N. 41 Pages 63 - 79

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen El concepto de universidad inteligente es emergente, fuertemente anclado a las tecnologías inteligentes, y considerado por diferentes autores. Las organizaciones, incluidas las universidades, necesitan incorporar las tecnologías inteligentes para aprovechar las capacidades que proporcionan para transformar sus procesos e impulsarlas hacia nuevos modelos organizativos. Una universidad inteligente se centra en la mejora de su infraestructura tecnológica para alcanzar sus objetivos de calidad educativa. Este trabajo presenta los factores clave para la adopción de dos tecnologías inteligentes: Big Data y el Internet de las Cosas. Esta caracterización e integración permite concluir sobre la necesidad de alineación de la tecnología con los procesos de la organización, exigiendo una mayor interacción con la alta dirección.

Abstract The concept of a smart university is emerging, strongly anchored to smart technologies, and considered by different authors. Organizations, including universities need to incorporate smart technologies to take advantage of the capabilities they provide to transform their processes and driving them toward new organizational models. A Smart University focuses on improving its technological infrastructure for achieving their quality educational goals. This paper presents the key factors for adopting two smart technologies: Big Data and the Internet of Things. This characterization and integration allow us to conclude about the need for technology alignment with the organization's processes, demanding more interaction with the high management.

https://doi.org/10.17013/risti.41.63-79 413 downloads

Design and validation of a nutritional recipe for a snack made of green banana peel flour (Musa paradisiaca)
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Acosta-Coello, Camila

; Parodi-Redhead, Almendra

; Medina-Pizzali, María Luisa

Brazilian Journal of Food Technology

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2021, Volume 24 elocation e2019349

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Este estudo tem como objetivo projetar e validar uma receita nutricional para um “snack” feito com farinha de casca de banana verde (Musa paradisiaca), além de avaliar a composição nutricional e a qualidade microbiológica da farinha. A casca de banana, um subproduto da indústria de alimentos, é um material nutritivo e de baixo custo, disponível durante todo o ano. A casca de banana pode ser usada como ingrediente funcional devido ao seu alto teor de fibras e às boas propriedades funcionais. Em geral, os estudantes universitários têm uma ingestão deficiente de fibras alimentares devido a padrões alimentares alterados; assim, esse estudo focou nessa população. A farinha de casca de banana verde foi obtida a partir das cascas de bananas pré-climatéricas por secagem em leito fluidizado; em seguida foram realizadas análises microbiológicas, de composição centesimal e de fibras alimentares. Criou-se a receita nutricional para o ”snack”, levando-se em consideração as necessidades nutricionais de energia e fibras alimentares da população-alvo. A receita foi validada e ajustada seguindo a metodologia do Centro Nacional de Alimentación y Nutrición, concluindo com a determinação da fibra alimentar no produto final. Os teores de fibra alimentar, carboidrato total, proteína, gordura total e energia da farinha de casca banana verde foram, respectivamente: 38,7 g, 76,3 g, 5,9 g, 3,6 g e 361,2 kcal, por 100 g de farinha. O “snack” continha 7,74 g de fibra alimentar por porção, tendo uma boa aceitação entre os participantes universitários, com base em um teste organoléptico. Em conclusão, a farinha de casca de banana verde mostrou grande potencial como fonte de fibra alimentar, sendo uma excelente fonte de carboidratos e, em menor grau, de outros nutrientes. Quando incluída como ingrediente funcional na formulação nutricional de um lanche, teve um efeito geral positivo nas características organolépticas do produto.

Abstract This study aims to design and validate a nutritional recipe for a snack made of Green Banana (Musa paradisiaca) Peel Flour (GBPF) and to assess the nutritional composition and microbiological quality of the flour. Banana peel, a food industry by-product, is a nutritious, low-cost material available for all year. Banana peel flower could be used as a functional ingredient due to its high fiber content and good functional properties. In general, university students have a deficient dietary fiber intake due to altered dietary patterns; thus, this study was focused on this population. The GBPFs were obtained from the peels of pre-climacteric bananas by fluidized bed (FDB) dryer, after which, microbiological, proximate, and dietary fiber analyses were applied. It was designed the nutritional recipe for the snack taking into account the energy and dietary fiber nutritional requirements of the target population. It could be validated and adjusted the recipe following the methodology of Centro Nacional de Alimentación y Nutrición, concluding with the determination of dietary fiber in the end-product. The dietary fiber, total carbohydrate, protein, total fat and energy contents of the GBPF were as following: 38.7 g, 76.3 g, 5.9 g, 3.6 g, and 361.2 kcal, per 100 g of flour. The snack contained 7.74 g of dietary fiber per serving size, having a good acceptance among the university students' panelists based on an organoleptic test. In conclusion, the GBPF showed great potential as a source of dietary fiber, and it was an excellent source of carbohydrates and other nutrients to a lesser degree. When included as a functional ingredient in the nutritional formulation of a snack, it had an overall positive effect on the product’s organoleptic characteristics.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-6723.34919 887 downloads

Assessment of population structure and management of Cordia dodecandra A. DC. in homegardens and tropical forest in Yucatán, México
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Hurtado-Torres, María Camila

; Montañez-Escalante, Patricia Irene

; Ruenes-Morales, María del Rocío

; Jiménez-Osornio, Juan José

; Estrada-Medina, Héctor

Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo

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dec 2020, Volume 52 N. 2 Pages 140 - 152

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Cordia dodecandra A. DC. is an arboreal component of forests and Maya homegardens in the state of Yucatán, México. Changes in land use and landscape fragmentation have led to declines in wild populations. Understanding this species' population structure is relevant to determining the current state of its populations and proposing strategies for its conservation. The population structure of C. dodecandra in forest and homegardens in Yucatan, and the management practices associated with the species were documented with interviews. Relative importance of the tree species in the associated vegetation was estimated. Seedling density (< 1m of height) was higher in the homegardens than the forest with an evident decrease in the density of juvenile individuals caused by practices such as weeding. In contrast, the forest contained a greater number of adult and larger individuals than in the homegardens. Individual C. dodecandra were taller in the forest, but those in the homegardens had a larger diameter at breast height. Although it has multiple uses (e.g. food, ornamental, wood) the C. dodecandra in homegardens received only minimal maintenance, possibly threatening its permanence in this system. This is concerning since the homegardens function as de facto germplasm banks for this species.

Cordia dodecandra A. DC. es un componente arbóreo de las selvas y huertos familiares mayas en Yucatán, México, pero el cambio en el uso de la tierra y la fragmentación del paisaje han ocasionado que sus poblaciones disminuyan. Determinar la estructura poblacional de esta especie es relevante para conocer el estado actual de sus poblaciones y proponer estrategias para su conservación. Se registró su estructura poblacional en selva y huertos familiares del oriente de Yucatán y, con entrevistas semiestructuradas, se documentaron las prácticas de manejo que recibe. Se estimó el valor de importancia de todas las especies arbóreas de la vegetación asociada. La densidad de plántulas (<1m de altura) fue mayor en huertos familiares que en selva, con un decremento evidente en la densidad de juveniles ocasionado por prácticas como el deshierbe. Los huertos familiares pueden funcionar como bancos de germoplasma para esta especie. En contraste, en la selva se obtuvo un mayor número de adultos e individuos más altos, pero con menor crecimiento en diámetro. C. dodecandra es una especie nativa y multipropósito (alimenticia, ornamental, maderable), en los huertos familiares recibe mínimo manejo, siendo el principal el deshierbe, y esto puede afectar su permanencia en el sistema.

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10.

Mitos y creencias del cuidado e higiene íntima en mujeres peruanas jóvenes
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Mejia, Christian R.

; Peralta Medina, Ariana

; Rodriguez D, Mariana

; Castro T, Maria Gracia

; Pajares Herrera, Camila

; Bedoya Castillo, Mariapaula

; Moron Arce, Adrián

Revista chilena de obstetricia y ginecología

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oct 2020, Volume 85 N. 5 Pages 442 - 449

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT Introduction: Myths and beliefs about female intimate hygiene are often spread, which could have consequences in many aspects. Objective: To determine the association between the myths and beliefs of intimate care and hygiene and the actual care of intimate hygiene in young Peruvian women. Method: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted, which exposed a review of the topic to conduct a survey of 21 questions on common issues in intimate hygiene, post pilot, asked about its performance and weekly frequency; The latter was associated with socio-educational variables. Results: Of the 600 young women surveyed, there was a difference regarding age according to the perception of the use of cotton underwear (p = 0.013), the cleaning of the intimate area from front to back (p <0.001), the use of underwear not very tight (p <0.001), the use of synthetic clothing (p = 0.045), the use of exclusive soap for the intimate area (p <0.001), the age of onset of sexual intercourse (p = 0.031) and the use of contraceptive methods as causing flow (p = 0.008). Regarding whether or not they were students, there was a difference in the perception that shaving the pubis for cleaning (p = 0.018) and that relaxation exercises decrease vaginal discharge (p = 0.030). Conclusions: Some myths and beliefs regarding intimate cleansing were described; In turn, some hygiene practices were found to be associated with age and being a student. This should be studied in depth, as this could lead to bigger problems.

Resumen Introducción: Muchas veces se propagan mitos y creencias sobre la higiene íntima femenina, que podrían traer consecuencias en muchos aspectos. Objetivo: Determinar la asociación entre los mitos y creencias del cuidado e higiene íntima y los cuidados reales de higiene íntima en mujeres peruanas jóvenes. Método: Se realizó un estudio transversal analítico, que presentó una revisión del tema para realizar una encuesta de 21 interrogantes, en temas comunes en la higiene íntima, post piloto, se preguntó de su realización y la frecuencia semanal; esta última se asoció a variables socio-educativas. Resultados: De las 600 mujeres jóvenes encuestadas, hubo diferencia en cuanto la edad según la percepción del uso de ropa interior de algodón (p=0,013), la limpieza de la zona íntima de adelante hacia atrás (p<0,001), el uso de ropa interior no muy ajustada (p<0,001), el uso de ropa sintética (p=0,045), el uso de jabón exclusivo para la zona íntima (p<0,001), la edad de inicio de relaciones sexuales (p=0,031) y el uso de métodos anticonceptivos como causantes de flujo (p=0,008). En cuanto al ser o no estudiantes, hubo diferencia en la percepción de que el rasurado del pubis para la limpieza (p=0,018) y que los ejercicios de relajación disminuyen el flujo vaginal (p=0,030). Conclusiones: Se describió algunos mitos y creencias en cuanto a la limpieza íntima; a su vez, se encontró que algunas prácticas de higiene tienen asociación con la edad y el ser estudiante. Esto debe ser estudiado a profundidad, ya que, esto podría llevar a problemas mayores.

864 downloads

11.

El cambio social como resultado de innovación social mediante metodologías participativas: una revisión bibliométrica
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Mesa-Rodríguez, María Camila

; Restrepo-Medina, Liliana Patricia

El Ágora U.S.B.

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jun 2020, Volume 20 N. 1 Pages 55 - 65

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen El motor para el cambio social es la innovación social y en medio de estos dos términos está la participación ciudadana, sin la cual no sería posible resolver de manera eficiente los problemas actuales de la socie dad, el artículo hace un análisis bibliométrico para generar resultados cuantitativos y cualitativos, a partir de un análisis de la producción existente enfocada en la relación de “innovación social y cambio social” e “innovación social y metodologías participativas. Uno de los resultados más concluyentes es que el interés en los temas seleccionados ha aumentado exponencialmente en los últimos años.

Abstract The engine for social change is social innovation and in the midst of these two terms is citizen participation, without which it would not be possible to solve efficiently the societal current problems. This article makes a bibliometric analysis in order to generate quantitative and qualitative results, based on an analysis of existing production focused on the relationship of “social innovation and social change” and “social innovation and participatory methodologies. One of the most conclusive results is that the interest in selected topics has increased exponentially in recent years.

https://doi.org/10.21500/16578031.3864 270 downloads

12.

Recomendaciones para el uso racional de la prueba 25-hidroxivitamina D Resumen de política
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Herrera-Molina, Emilio

; González, Nancy Yomayusa

; Low-Padilla, Eduardo

; Oliveros-Velásquez, Juan David

; Mendivelso-Duarte, Fredy

; Gómez-Gómez, Olga Victoria

; Castillo, Ana María

; Barrero-Garzón, Liliana Isabel

; Álvarez-Moreno, Carlos Arturo

; Moscoso-Martínez, Ernesto Augusto

; Ruíz-Blanco, Pilar Cristin

; Luna-Ríos, Joaquín Gustavo

; Ortiz, Natasha

; Herrera, Emiliano Mauricio

; Guevara-Santamaría, Fabián

; Moreno-Gómez, Jairo Enrique

; Cárdenas-Ramírez, Héctor Mauricio

; González-González, Camilo Alberto

; Jannauth, María José

; Patiño-Pérez, Adulkarin

; Pinto, Diego Alejandro

; Acevedo, Juan Ramon

; Torres, Rodolfo Eduardo

; Montero, Jairo Camilo

; Acevedo, Andrés David

; Caceres, Ximena Adriana

; Acuña-Olmos, Jairo

; Arias, Carlos Andrés

; Medardo-Rozo, José

; Castellanos-Parada, Jeffrey

; López-Miranda, Ángelo Mauricio

; Pinzón-Serrano, Estefanía

; Rincón-Sierra, Oswaldo

; Isaza-Ruget, Mario

; Suárez-Ramos, María del Pilar

; Vargas-Rodríguez, Johanna

; Mejia-Gaviria, Natalia

; Moreno-Marín, Sandra Yadira

; García-Guarín, Bibiana María

; Cárdenas, Martha Lucía

; Chavarro, Luis Fernando

; Ronderos-Bernal, Camila

; Rico-Landazabal, Arturo

; Coronado-Daza, Jorge Antonio

; Alfaro-Tejeda, Mercedes Teresa

; Yama-Mosquera, Erica

; Hernández-Sierra, Astrid Patricia

; Restrepo-Valencia, César Augusto

; Arango-Álvarez, Javier

; Rosero-Olarte, Francisco Oscar Fernando

; Medina-Orjuela, Adriana

; Robayo-García, Adriana

; Carballo-Zarate, Virgil

; Rodríguez-Sánchez, Martha Patricia

; Bernal, Dora P.

; Jaramillo, Laura

; Baquero-Rodríguez, Richard

; Mejía-Gaviria, Natalia

; Aroca, Gustavo

Revista Colombiana de Nefrología

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dec 2019, Volume 6 N. 2 Pages 179 - 192

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

resumen está disponible en el texto completo

Abstract The exponential increase in the request for laboratory tests of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D or [25 (OH) D has ignited the alarms and generated a strong call for attention, since it may reflect deficiencies in the standardization of clinical practice and in the use non-systematic scientific evidence for decision-making in real life, which allows to analyze the indications of the test, its frequency, interpretation and even to assess the impact for health systems, especially when contrasted with the minimum or almost. No effects of the strategy of screening or supplying indiscriminately to the general population, without considering a comprehensive clinical assessment of risks and needs of people. From a purely public health impact point of view, the consequence of massive and unspecified requests is affecting most of the health systems and institutions at the global level. The primary studies that determined average population intake values have been widely used in the formulation of recommendations in Clinical Practice Guidelines, but unfortunately misinterpreted as cut points to diagnose disease and allow the exaggerated prescription of nutritional substitution. The coefficient of variation in routine tests to measure blood levels of 25 (OH) D is high (28%), decreasing the overall accuracy of the test and simultaneously, increasing both the falsely high and falsely low values. The most recent scientific evidence analyzes and seriously questions the usefulness and the real effect of the massive and indiscriminate practice of prescribing vitamin D without an exhaustive risk analysis. The available evidence is insufficient to recommend a general substitution of vitamin D to prevent fractures, falls, changes in bone mineral density, incidence of cardiovascular diseases, cerebrovascular disease, neoplasms and also to modify the growth curve of mothers' children. They received vitamin D as a substitute during pregnancy. The recommendations presented in the document are based on the critical analysis of current evidence and the principles of good clinical practice and invite to consider a rational use of 25 (OH) D tests in the context of a clinical practice focused on people and a comprehensive assessment of needs and risks. The principles of good practice suggest that clinicians may be able to justify that the results of the 25 (OH) D test strongly influence and define clinical practice and modify the outcomes that interest people and impact their health and wellness. Currently there is no clarity on how to interpret the results, and the relationship between symptoms and 25 (OH) D levels, which may not be consistent with the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency reported. For this reason, it is suggested to review the rationale of the request for tests for systematic monitoring of levels of 25 (OH) D or in all cases where substitution is performed. Consider the use of 25 (OH) D tests within the comprehensive evaluation of people with suspicion or confirmation of the following conditions: rickets, osteomalacia, osteoporosis, hyper or hypoparathyroidism, malabsorption syndromes, sarcopenia, metabolic bone disease.

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13.

NAT2 and oral clefts: evaluation of genetic risk and the relative importance of embryo and maternal genotypes
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Santos, María Rita

; Campaña, Hebe

; Jurado Medina, Laura Smeldy

; Sala, Camila

; Muzzio, Marina

; López-Camelo, Jorge Santiago

; Bailliet, Graciela

Revista argentina de antropología biológica

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jan 2019, Volume 21 N. 1 Pages 1 - 10

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCLP) is a congenital malformation that shows the characteristics of a multifactorial pathology. In order to describe the genetic predisposition to this disorder, NAT genes were analyzed with special interest since they codify for N-acetyltransferases, the enzymes responsible for the biotransformation of arylamines, hydrazine drugs and a great number of toxins and carcinogens present in diet, cigarette smoke and the environment. The allelic transmission of NAT2 that determines the slow acetylator phenotype in 174 trios (case-mother/father) from ECLAMC (Latin American Collaborative Study of Congenital Malformations) maternities in Argentina was evaluated. The *4, *5B, *6, and *7 variants by PCR-RFLP were analyzed. A higher risk for the 5B*5B* genotypes (OR=2. 24; p=0.050) was found, at the expense of the cases from Patagonia, without the influence of the maternal genotype. Rev Arg Antrop Biol 21(1), 2019. doi:10.17139/raab.2019.0021.01.08

El labio leporino con o sin paladar hendido (NSCLP) es una malformación congénita que presenta las características de una patología multifactorial. Se consideran de especial interés los genes NAT que codifican para las N-acetiltransferasas, enzimas responsables de la biotransformación de arilaminas, fármacos de hidrazina, y de un gran número de toxinas y carcinógenos presentes en la dieta, el humo de cigarro y el medio ambiente. Lo expuesto anteriormente ha despertado la sospecha de un posible rol de NAT2en la manifestación de LL/PH en el recién nacido expuesto. En este trabajo se ha evaluado la transmisión alélica de variantes que determinan el fenotipo acetilador lento en 174 tríos (caso, madre y/o padre) reclutados por el ECLAMC (Estudio Colaborativo Latinoamericano de Malformaciones Congénitas) en maternidades de Argentina. Se analizaron las variantes *4, *5B, *6 y *7 mediante PCR-RFLP. Se halló un riesgo mayor en los casos con genotipos 5B*5B* (OR=2,24; p=0,050), a expensas de los casos de Patagonia, sin influencia del genotipo materno. Rev Arg Antrop Biol 21(1), 2019. doi:10.17139/raab.2019.0021.01.08

https://doi.org/10.17139/raab.2019.0021.01.08 202 downloads

14.

Concentraciones de Vitamina D en niños y adolescentes con enfermedad celiaca
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Acosta, Camila

; Parodi, Almendra

; Medina Pizzali, María Luisa

; Mosso C., Constanza

Revista chilena de pediatría

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2019, Volume 90 N. 1 Pages 115 - 116

Abstract: Es | Text: Es | PDF: Es

https://doi.org/10.32641/rchped.v90i1.976 531 downloads

15.

Hacia la construcción de una propuesta de formación política dirigida a mujeres
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BURBANO-GARCÍA, CLAUDIA LORENA

; MEDINA, LUISA

; CALVACHE, CAROLINA

; RUIZ, MARÍA CAMILA

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aug 2018, N. 25 Pages 111 - 136

Abstract: Es En Pt | Text: Es En Pt | PDF: Es | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Resumen El actual contexto colombiano exige sujetos formados políticamente, preparados para asumir los retos que trae consigo el post-acuerdo, y que desde una mirada política promuevan la construcción de una cultura de paz que permee los diferentes contextos y ámbitos humanos. El presente artículo tiene como finalidad presentar una investigación desarrollada con las mujeres de la Organización para el Desarrollo Urbano y Campesino del departamento del Cauca -Ordeurca-, su objetivo principal consistió en elaborar un marco de fundamentación pedagógica de un programa de formación política, que les permitiera a las mujeres de Ordeurca compartir sus vivencias y experiencias de formación política y a la vez construir el programa de formación que deseaban. El proyecto se desarrolló a través de la metodología de Investigación-Acción; para lograr este propósito se elaboraron tres talleres formativos, se analizaron una serie de entrevistas realizadas a las mujeres y líderes de Ordeurca y se estudiaron los diarios de campo producto de las reuniones formativas en las que participaban. A partir de la información obtenida, se lograron identificar cuáles eran los principales modelos pedagógicos, estrategias pedagógicas, ejes temáticos y principios utilizados para su formación. Los resultados de la investigación realizada hicieron evidente que los programas de formación política contribuyen notablemente al empoderamiento, movilización y formación de mujeres líderes.

Abstract The current Colombian situation demands politically trained subjects prepared to face the challenges that the post-agreement era brings with it, and from a political standpoint, foster the construction of a culture of peace that encompasses a variety of contexts and human areas. This article aims to present research undertaken with the women of the «Organization for the Urban and Rural Development of the Cauca» (ORDEURCA for its acronym is Spanish). The primary goal of the project was to develop a framework for the pedagogical basis of a political training program that allows the women of ORDEURCA to share their experiences of political training and at the same time construct the training program that they desired. The project was undertaken utilizing an Action Research methodology and encompassed the development of three workshops, the analysis of a series of interviews with the women and the leaders of ORDEURCA, and the study of field journals produced from the training meetings in which they participated. From the information obtained, it was possible to identify the main pedagogical models and strategies, as well as the central themes and principles used in their training. The results of the research showed that the political training programs contributed significantly to the empowerment, mobilization, and training of the women leaders.

Resumo O atual contexto colombiano exige sujeitos formados politicamente, preparados para assumir os desafios que traz consigo o pós-acordo, e que a partir de uma olhada política, promovam a construção de uma cultura de paz que cubra os diferentes contextos e âmbitos humanos. O presente artigo tem como finalidade apresentar uma pesquisa desenvolvida com as mulheres d «Organização para o Desenvolvimento Urbano e Camponês do estado do Cauca, ORDEURCA» , seu objeto principal consistiu em elaborar um marco de fundamentação pedagógica de um programa de formação política, que permitissem as mulheres de ORDEURCA, compartilhar suas vivencias e experiências de formação política e ao mesmo tempo construir o programa de formação que desejassem. O projeto se desenvolveu através da metodologia de Pesquisa-Ação, para conseguir este proposito elaboraram-se três atividades formativas, analisaram-se uma série de entrevistas realizadas com as mulheres e líderes de ORDEURCA e estudaram-se os diários de campo produto das reuniões formativas nas que participavam. A partir da informação obtida conseguiram identificar quais eram os principais modelos pedagógicos, estratégias pedagógicas, eixos temáticos e princípios utilizados para sua formação. Os resultados da pesquisa realizada, fizeram evidente que os programas de formação política contribuem notavelmente à posse, mobilização e formação de mulheres líderes.

https://doi.org/10.18046/recs.i25.2701 385 downloads

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