ABSTRACT The quality of the seeds can have an interaction with other factors such as nitrogen fertilization (N), causing an impact on the yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L). The objective of this study was to evaluate the vigor impacts of two lots of wheat seeds (High and Low Vigor) and their interaction with different doses of N (0, 50, 75, 100 and 125 kg ha-1) on wheat yield. The experiment was installed in the IPTA Yhovy, Canindeyú, Paraguay. It consisted of a randomized complete block experimental design, with three repetitions and bifactorial arrangement of treatments (Seed vigor x N doses). Initial aerial cover (IAC), number of tillers/plant (NTP), number of spikes per area (NSA), number of grains per spike (NGS), thousand seed mass (TSM) and grain yield (GY) were evaluated. The data were submitted to the normality test by Shapiro-Wilk, the statistical analysis was performed with ANAVA and Tukey's Test at 5%. The High Vigor seeds provided greater initial coverage to the crop and a greater number of spikes m2, in the number of tillers/plant and in the number of grains per spike, no impact was noted. The grain yield was positively affected by the high vigor of the seed, with a 40% higher average compared to the crop from low vigor seeds, on the other hand, with high vigor seeds a greater response to N doses was achieved, and the highest average (2,748 kg ha-1) was obtained with the dose of 100 kg ha-1 of N, while with low vigor seeds there was a positive response up to the dose of 75 kg ha-1 of N, with an average yield of 1,725 kg ha-1.

RESUMEN La calidad de las semillas puede tener interacción con otros factores como la fertilización con nitrógeno (N), provocando impacto en el rendimiento de trigo (Triticum aestivum L). El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar los impactos del vigor de dos lotes de semillas de trigo (Alto y Bajo Vigor) y su interacción con diferentes dosis de N (0, 50, 75, 100 y 125 kg ha-1) sobre el rendimiento del trigo. El ensayo fue instalado en el IPTA Yhovy, Canindeyú, Paraguay. Tuvo un diseño experimental de bloques completos al azar, con tres repeticiones y arreglo bifactorial de tratamientos (Vigor de semillas x Dosis de N). Se evaluaron, cobertura aérea inicial (CAI), cantidad de macollos/planta (CMP), cantidad de espigas por área (CEA), cantidad de granos por espiga (CGE), peso de mil semillas (PMS) y el rendimiento de granos (RG). Los datos se sometieron a la prueba de normalidad por Shapiro-Wilk, el análisis estadístico se hizo con ANAVA y Test de Tukey al 5%. Las semillas de Alto Vigor proporcionaron mayor cobertura inicial al cultivo y mayor cantidad de espigas m2, en cantidad de macollos/planta y en número de granos por espigas no se notó impacto. El rendimiento de granos fue afectado positivamente por el alto vigor de la semilla, con una media 40% mayor frente al cultivo proveniente de semillas de bajo vigor, por otro lado, con semillas de alto vigor se obtuvo una respuesta mayor a las dosis de N, obteniéndose la media más alta (2.748 kg ha-1) con la dosis de 100 kg/ha-1 de N, mientras que con semillas de bajo vigor se tuvo una respuesta positiva hasta la dosis de 75 kg ha-1 de N, con una media de rendimiento de 1.725 kg ha-1.

Abstract The objective of this article is to examine the particular aspects of the early renegotiation of the foreign debt -covering the period 1983 to 1985- carried out under the government of President Raúl Alfonsín. To this end, we will make use of the contributions of Puigian Autonomism in our analysis.

Resumen Este artículo tiene por finalidad examinar los aspectos particulares de la temprana renegociación de la deuda externa-abarcando el período 1983 a 1985-llevada a cabo bajo el gobierno del presidente Raúl Alfonsín. Para ello haremos uso de los aportes del Autonomismo puigiano en nuestro análisis.

Abstract An insect gall inventory was carried out in two reserves of the Peruvian Amazon, Allpahuayo-Mishana National Reserve and Quistococha Regional Reserve, both situated in Iquitos, northeastern Peru. Four vegetation types were surveyed between December, 2021 and December, 2022: terra firme forest, white-sand wet forest, and white-sand dry forest in Allpahuayo-Mishana National Reserve, and palm swamp forest in Quistococha Regional Reserve. Overall, we found 262 gall morphotypes, distributed across 75 host species representing 66 plant genera and 30 families. Fabaceae was the plant family with the greatest number of gall morphotypes (n = 48), followed by Calophyllaceae (n = 21) and Euphorbiaceae (n = 20). The plant genera that supported the highest diversity of galls were Caraipa (n = 17), Eschweilera (n = 16), Tapirira (n = 16), Micrandra (n = 14), and Iryanthera (n = 10). The plant species Tapirira guianensis (n = 16), Caraipa utilis (n = 14), Micrandra elata (n = 14), Eschweilera coriacea (n = 11), and Sloanea parvifructa (n = 10) exhibited the highest richness of galls. Among the host plants, C. utilis stands alone as the only species noted as both endemic to the Amazonian region and bearing a Vulnerable (VU) conservation status. The leaves were the most attacked organs (90% of all galls). Most morphotypes are glabrous (89%), green (67%), globoid (53%), and one-chambered (91%). We found galling insects belonging to the orders Diptera, Thysanoptera, Lepidoptera, and Hemiptera. The galling insects of Cecidomyiidae (Diptera) were the most common, inducing 22% of the gall morphotypes. In addition to the gallers, we also observed the presence of successors, cecidophages, and parasitoids. Among the sampled vegetation types, the terra firme forest presented the highest richness of gall morphotypes and host plant species. This is the first systematic inventory of insect galls in this part of the Peruvian Amazon.

Resumo Um inventário de galhas de insetos foi realizado em duas reservas da Amazônia peruana, Reserva Nacional Allpahuayo-Mishana e Reserva Regional Quistococha, ambas situadas em Iquitos, nordeste do Peru. Quatro tipos de vegetação foram pesquisados entre dezembro de 2021 e dezembro de 2022: floresta de terra firme, floresta úmida de areia branca e floresta seca de areia branca na Reserva Nacional Allpahuayo-Mishana, e floresta de pântano de palmeiras na Reserva Regional Quistococha. No total, encontramos 262 morfotipos de galhas, distribuídos em 75 espécies hospedeiras representando 66 gêneros de plantas e 30 famílias. Fabaceae foi a família de plantas com o maior número de morfotipos de galhas (n = 48), seguida por Calophyllaceae (n = 21) e Euphorbiaceae (n = 20). Os gêneros de plantas que apresentaram a maior diversidade de galhas foram Caraipa (n = 17), Eschweilera (n = 16), Tapirira (n = 16), Micrandra (n = 14) e Iryanthera (n = 10). As espécies de plantas Tapirira guianensis (n = 16), Caraipa utilis (n = 14), Micrandra elata (n = 14), Eschweilera coriacea (n = 11) e Sloanea parvifructa (n = 10) apresentaram a maior riqueza de galhas. Dentre as plantas hospedeiras, C. utilis destaca-se como a única espécie listada como endêmica da região amazônica e com um status de conservação Vulnerável (VU). As folhas foram os órgãos mais atacados (90% de todas as galhas). A maioria dos morfotipos é glabra (89%), verde (67%), globoide (53%) e possui apenas uma câmara interna (91%). Encontramos insetos galhadores pertencentes às ordens Diptera, Thysanoptera, Lepidoptera e Hemiptera. Os insetos galhadores da família Cecidomyiidae (Diptera) foram os mais comuns, induzindo 22% dos morfotipos de galhas. Além dos galhadores, também observamos a presença de sucessores, cecidófagos e parasitoides. Entre os tipos de vegetação amostrados, a floresta de terra firme apresentou a maior riqueza de morfotipos de galhas e espécies de plantas hospedeiras. Este é o primeiro inventário sistemático de galhas de insetos nesta região da Amazônia peruana.

ABSTRACT Sucralose is a non-nutritive sweetener widely consumed worldwide; it is considered a safe additive because it is eliminated quickly. Recently its bioaccumulation in adipose tissue was evidenced, where macrophages, cells of the immune system involved in developing low-grade systemic inflammation, are found. To date, there is a paucity of information regarding whether sweeteners potentiate inflammatory processes by altering the function of cells present in tissue and/or contribute to the development of metabolic pathologies. We evaluate the effect of sucralose on the viability of differentiated macrophages of the monocytic cell line THP-1, by trypan blue and MTT assays, respectively, as well as its effect on M1/ M2 by PCR according to the expression of IRF4, IRF5, STAT1, STAT6, expression profile of IL6, IL-12, TNF-α, TGF-β, IL-10 and SOCS3 by qPCR, and the quantification of the chemokine IP-10 by ELISE. The results indicated that sucralose has no cytotoxic effects but decreases the number of metabolically active viable cells determined by MTT of macrophages in a concentration-dependent manner. Sucralose increased the concentration of the chemokine IP-10 and the gene expression of the transcription factors IRF5 and decreased the expression of IRF4 and STAT 6 gene expression, favoring polarization towards M1 populations. The bioaccumulation of sucralose in adipose tissue, and its interaction with macrophages, could induce its polarization to M1.

RESUMEN La sucralosa es un edulcorante no calórico de amplio consumo a nivel mundial, es considerado como un aditivo seguro, debido a que es eliminado en periodos cortos de tiempo. Recientemente se evidenció su bioacumulación en tejido adiposo, donde se encuentran inmersos macrófagos, células del sistema inmune involucradas en el desarrollo de la inflamación sistémica de bajo grado. A la fecha, no se cuenta con suficiente información para demostrar si los edulcorantes potencian los procesos inflamatorios alterando la función de células presentes en tejido y/o contribuyen en el desarrollo de patologías metabólicas. Por lo anterior, en nuestro trabajo se evaluó el efecto de la sucralosa en la viabilidad de los macrófagos diferenciados de la línea celular monocítica THP-1, por azul de tripán y ensayos de MTT, así como su efecto en la polarización M1/M2 por PCR según la expresión de IRF4, IRF5, STAT1, STAT6, perfil de expresión de IL-6, IL-12, TNF-α, TGF-β, IL-10 y SOCS3 por qPCR, y la cuantificación de la quimiocina IP-10 por ELISA. Los resultados indicaron que la sucralosa no tiene efectos citotóxicos, pero disminuye el número de células viables metabólicamente activas determinadas por MTT de manera dependiente de la concentración. La sucralosa incrementa la concentración de la quimiocina IP-10 y la expresión génica del factor de transcripción IRF5 y disminuye la expresión de IRF4 y STAT6, favoreciendo la polarización hacia poblaciones M1. La bioacumulación de sucralosa en tejido adiposo, y su interacción con macrófagos, podría inducir su polarización a M1.

RESUMEN Neisseria gonorrhoeae (N. gonorrhoeae) es el agente causal de la gonorrea, infección de transmisión sexual (ITS) que corresponde a la segunda causa más frecuente de ITS a nivel mundial, provocando una alta morbilidad y costo en atención de salud. En las últimas décadas han aumentado los reportes a nivel mundial de cepas resistentes a penicilina, sulfonamidas, tetraciclina, macrólidos y fluoroquinolonas, y más recientemente a azitromicina y cefalosporinas de espectro extendido como ceftriaxona y cefixima. El objetivo principal de este estudio fue determinar la sensibilidad a los antimicrobianos en cepas de N. gonorrhoeae que fueron enviadas al Laboratorio Central de Salud Pública (LCSP), por los centros colaboradores de la Red de Vigilancia Laboratorial de la Resistencia a los Antimicrobianos (RAM). Para ello, se realizó un estudio prospectivo de corte transversal de enero a diciembre de 2021. Se caracterizaron 128 cepas como N. gonorrhoeae a las cuales se le realizaron pruebas de susceptibilidad obteniéndose 48% de resistencia y 52% de sensibilidad intermedia a penicilina. El 70% presentó resistencia a ciprofloxacina y el 19% a tetraciclina. Se obtuvo 100% de sensibilidad a ceftriaxona y cefixima. El fenotipo de resistencia de mayor prevalencia fue QRNG, asociado con resistencia a ciprofloxacina, seguido del fenotipo PPNG-QRNG, asociado con resistencia a penicilina y ciprofloxacina. Ante estos hallazgos y frente a la emergencia mundial de la resistencia a los antimicrobianos, especialmente de cefalosporinas de espectro extendido, se recomienda que los laboratorios de bacteriología fortalezcan la vigilancia para apoyar la detección de casos y proporcionar el tratamiento adecuado.

ABSTRACT Neisseria gonorrhoeae (N. gonorrhoeae) is the causal agent of gonorrhea, a sexually transmitted infection (STI) that is the second most common cause of STIs worldwide, causing high morbidity and cost in health care. In recent decades, reports of strains resistant to penicillin, fluoroquinolones, sulfonamides, tetracycline, macrolides, and more recently to azithromycin and extended-spectrum cephalosporins such as ceftriaxone and cefixime have increased worldwide. The main objective of this study was to determine the sensitivity to antimicrobials in N. gonorrhoeae strains that were sent to the Central Laboratory of Public Health (LCSP), by the collaborating centers of the Antimicrobial Resistance Laboratory Surveillance Network (RAM). For this, a prospective cross-sectional study was carried out from January to December, 2021. One hundred eighty strains were characterized as N. gonorrhoeae, which were subjected to sensitivity tests, obtaining 48% resistance and 52% intermediate sensitivity to penicillin while 70% presented resistance to ciprofloxacin and 19% to tetracycline. Also, 100% sensitivity to ceftriaxone and cefixime was obtained. The most prevalent resistance phenotype was QRNG, associated with resistance to ciprofloxacin, followed by the PPNG-QRNG phenotype, associated with resistance to penicillin and ciprofloxacin. Given these findings and the global emergence of antimicrobial resistance, especially extended-spectrum cephalosporins, it is recommended that bacteriology laboratories fortify surveillance to support case detection and provide appropriate treatment.

Abstract We present our recently-built experimental setup designed to generate near-infrared and narrow-band correlated photon pairs by inducing four-wave mixing in a cold gas of 87Rb atoms confined in a magneto-optical trap. The experimental setup and its automation and control approach are described in detail. A characterization of the optical density of the atomic ensemble as well as the basic statistical measurements of the generated light are reported. The non-classical nature of the photon pairs is confirmed by observing a violation of Cauchy-Schwarz inequality by a factor of 5.6 × 10-5 in a Hanbury Brown - Twiss interferometer. A 1/e coherence time for the heralded, idler photons of 44 ± 0.1 ns is estimated from our observations. We are able to achieve a value of 104 s-1 pair-detection-rate, which results in a spectral brightness of 280 (MHz s)-1. The combination of high brightness and narrow-band spectrum makes this photon-pair source a viable tool in fundamental studies of quantum states and opens the door to use them in quantum technologies.

Resumen Nopalea cochenillifera (L.) Salm-Dyck es un nopal poco estudiado, su caracterización contribuye a identificar los compuestos bioactivos y las propiedades funcionales que posee, esto permitirá, generar información sobre potenciales usos y aplicaciones. El objetivo del trabajo fue caracterizar fisicoquímicamente la harina de cladodios de N. cochenillifera e identificar los compuestos bioactivos que contiene. En general, la harina de N. cochenillifera tiene bajas calorías (337 kcal/100 g ) con alto contenido de fibra dietética (18.41%). Además, exhibe buena capacidad de absorción de agua (11.04%) y aceite (2.05%), mientras que la capacidad de hinchamiento fue de 25 mL/g base seca (bs). El contenido de fenoles solubles y polifenoles hidrolizables fueron 207.92 y 647.99 mg EAG/100 g bs respectivamente. Además, de presentar actividad antioxidante por DPPH• (15.28 mmol TE/g bs), FRAP (20.97 mmol TE/g bs) y ABTS•+ (51.31 mmol TE/g bs), se identificaron cinco ácidos fenólicos. De acuerdo con los resultados, la harina de N. cochenillifera es una fuente importante de fibra y compuestos bioactivos con propiedades funcionales. En este contexto, podría ser utilizada como ingrediente funcional en la formulación de otros alimentos. Sin embargo, son necesarios futuros estudios sobre la vida útil de la harina, así como la optimización de su proceso de conservación, transformación y potencial funcional.

Abstract Nopalea cochenillifera (L.) Salm-Dyck is a scarcely studied cactus; its characterization contributes to identify the bioactive compounds it contains and its functional properties, which will allow the generation of information on potential uses and applications. The aim of this work was to physicochemically characterize N. cochenillifera cladodes flour and identify the phenolic compounds it contains. In general, N. cochenillifera flour is low in calories (337 kcal/100 g) with high total dietary fiber content (18.41%). In addition, it exhibits good water (11.04%) and oil (2.05%) absorption capacity, while swelling capacity was 25 mL/g DW. The soluble and hydrolyzable polyphenols content were 207.92 and 647.99 mg EAG/100 g DW, respectively. In addition, they showed antioxidant activity by DPPH• (15.28 mmol TE/g DW), FRAP (20.97 mmol TE/g DW), and ABTS•+ (51.31 mmol TE/g DW) methods. Furthermore, six phenolic acids (gallic, ferulic, chlorogenic, p-coumaric, syringic, and neochlorogenic) were identified by HPLC. According to the results, N. cochenillifera cladodes flour is an important source of fiber and bioactive compounds with interesting functional properties. In this context, N. cochenillifera flour could be used as an ingredient in the formulation of functional foods. However, further, studies are needed on the shelf life and optimizing its preservation process, transformation, and functional potential.

ABSTRACT Postoperative complications after intestinal anastomosis remain the main concern in abdominal surgery in horses. The aim of this study was to describe an end-to-end jejunal anastomosis with a mesenteric flap covering technique and its macroscopic and postoperative histological characteristics. This technique is based on a reinforcement to the conventional surgery performed with a simple interrupted suture pattern to prevent postoperative complications. Five previously premedicated horses with xylazine 0.5 mg/kg, acepromazine 0.03 mg/kg and tramadol 2 mg/kg were induced to general anesthesia with diazepam 0.25 mg/kg and ketamine 2.2 mg/kg. General anesthesia was maintained with a minimum alveolar concentration of 1.4 ± 0.2% of isoflurane. A midline abdominal wall approach was made. A 10 cm jejunal segment was selected for resection and end-to-end anastomosis. A mesenteric flap large enough and proportional to the perimeter of the suture line was cut to cover the anastomotic area, fixing it to the intestinal serosa with a simple non-perforating discontinuous suture. Two animals underwent relaparotomy on the 7th and 30th postoperative days to describe the macroscopic and histopathological characteristics of the anastomotic area. In the macroscopic evaluation, no adhesions were observed and the mesenteric lined was well adhered to the anastomotic line, without contraction or displacement. Histopathological findings evidenced a healing process and adaptation of the mesenteric flap to loose connective tissue, which included fibrocytes, collagen, and slight edema. This technique turned out to be effective and could be useful in cases where equine intestinal resection anastomosis is necessary.

RESUMEN Las complicaciones posoperatorias tras la anastomosis intestinal siguen siendo la principal preocupación en la cirugía abdominal en equinos. El objetivo del presente estudio fue describir una anastomosis término-terminal yeyunal con técnica de recubrimiento de colgajo mesentérico y sus características macroscópicas e histológicas posoperatorias. Esta técnica se fundamenta en un refuerzo a la cirugía convencional realizada con patrón de sutura simple interrumpida para prevenir complicaciones posoperatorias. Cinco equinos previamente premedicados con xilacina 0.5 mg/kg, acepromacina 0.03 mg/kg y tramadol 2 mg/kg fueron inducidos a anestesia general con diazepam 0.25 mg/kg y ketamina 2.2 mg/kg. La anestesia general se mantuvo con una concentración alveolar mínima de 1.4 ± 0.2% de isofluorano. Se hizo un abordaje de la pared abdominal por línea media. Se seleccionó un segmento yeyunal de 10 cm para resección y anastomosis término-terminal. Se cortó un colgajo mesentérico lo suficiente- mente grande y proporcional al perímetro de la línea de sutura para recubrir el área anastomótica, fijándose a la serosa intestinal con sutura discontinua no perforante sim- ple. Dos animales fueron sometidos a relaparotomía en los días 7 y 30 posoperatorios para describir las características macroscópicas e histopatológicas del área anastomótica. En la evaluación macroscópica no se observaron adherencias y el recubrimiento mesentérico estaba bien adherido a la línea anastomótica, sin contracción ni desplaza- miento. Los hallazgos histopatológicos evidenciaron un proceso de curación y adaptación del colgajo mesentérico a un tejido conectivo laxo, que incluía fibrocitos, colágeno y un ligero edema. Esta técnica resultó ser eficaz y podría ser útil en los casos en que sea necesaria la anastomosis de resección intestinal equina.

Abstract Introduction: Ectopic pregnancy in the rudimentary horn of a unicornuate uterus has an incidence of 1 in 76,000 pregnancies; the diagnostic approach is carried out with ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging as a complementary study; Early diagnosis with timely treatment is essential for the prevention of associated maternal morbidity and mortality. The objective is to describe the early diagnosis and treatment of a case of 15-week ectopic pregnancy in a rudimentary non-communicating horn of the unicornuate uterus. Case report: A 38-year-old patient with an asymptomatic 15-week pregnancy was admitted to the emergency department, referred to the ultrasound service for suspected ectopic pregnancy. Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging were performed with pregnancy with a single fetus of 15 weeks in the left uterine horn surrounded by myometrium, without communication with the endometrial cavity. With a diagnostic impression of cornual ectopic pregnancy in a patient with a Müllerian malformation, a surgical management was performed where a unicornuate uterus with a rudimentary non-communicating ectopic horn was confirmed. Conclusions: Ectopic pregnancy in rudimentary horn of the unicornuate uterus is rare, it presents a high risk of rupture with increased obstetric morbidity and mortality. The standard treatment as well as the diagnostic confirmation is complete surgical excision.

Resumen Introducción: El embarazo ectópico en el cuerno rudimentario de un útero unicorne tiene una incidencia de 1 en 76.000 embarazos. La aproximación diagnóstica se realiza con la ecografía y como estudio complementario con la resonancia magnética. El diagnóstico temprano con tratamiento oportuno es fundamental para la prevención de la morbimortalidad materna asociada. El objetivo es describir el diagnóstico y el tratamiento temprano de un caso de embarazo ectópico de 15 semanas en cuerno rudimentario no comunicante de útero unicorne. Caso clínico: Mujer de 38 años con embarazo de 15 semanas, asintomática, que ingresa al servicio de urgencias referida desde el servicio de ecografía por sospecha de embarazo ectópico. Se realizan ecografía y resonancia magnética que muestran embarazo con feto único de 15 semanas en cuerno uterino izquierdo rodeado de miometrio, sin comunicación con la cavidad endometrial. Con impresión diagnóstica de embarazo ectópico cornual en paciente con malformación mülleriana, se realizó manejo quirúrgico que confirmó útero unicorne con embarazo ectópico en cuerno rudimentario no comunicante. Conclusiones: El embarazo ectópico en un cuerno rudimentario de útero unicorne es infrecuente y presenta un alto riesgo de rotura, con aumento de la morbimortalidad obstétrica. El tratamiento estándar, al igual que la confirmación diagnóstica, es la escisión quirúrgica completa.

SUMMARY Objective : To explore the perceived parental rearing behavior in adolescents diagnosed with an eating disorder, and to identify eventual differences with altered eating and self-injurious behaviors. Material and methods : A total of 45 adolescents diagnosed with some eating disorder (11 diagnosed with anorexia nervosa, 23 with bulimia nervosa and 11 with binge eating disorder), recruited from the outpatient and hospitalization areas of the Juan N Navarro Children's Psychiatric Hospital, were included. Results : It was found that the greater the memories of favoritism (r = 0.41, p-value = 0.005) or rejection (r = 0.36, p-value = 0.016) by the father, the higher the scores on the Eating Attitude Scale. Differences were also found in the mother's warmth dimension, between the adolescents who presented self-injuries (mean = 39.6, de = 11.3) and those who did not present them (mean = 47.4, de = 8.8) (t = -2.6, value p = 0.015). Conclusions : Adolescents with a diagnosis of eating disorders presented differences in their perception of parental rearing, a factor that may decisively influence the manifestation of other psychopathological behaviors.

RESUMEN Objetivo : Explorar las percepciones de crianza parental en adolescentes diagnosticados con algún trastorno de la conducta alimentaria, e identificar posibles diferencias con alteraciones de la conducta alimentaria y conductas autolesivas. Material y métodos : Un total de 45 adolescentes con algún tipo de trastorno de la conducta alimentaria (TCA) (11 diagnosticados con anorexia nervosa, 23 con bulimia nervosa y 11 con trastorno “por atracón”), pacientes en áreas de consulta externa y hospitalización del Hospital Psiquiátrico Infantil Juan N. Navarro fueron sistemáticamente estudiados. Resultados : Se encontró que cuánto mayores las percepciones de favoritismo (r = 0,41, valor p = 0,005) o rechazo (r = 0,36, valor p = 0,016) del padre, mayores fueron también los puntajes en la Escala de Actitudes Alimentarias. Se encontraron asimismo diferencias en la dimensión de calidez de la madre, entre los adolescentes que presentaron autolesiones (media = 39,6, d.e = 11,3) comparados con aquéllos que no las presentaron (media = 47,4, d.e = 8.8) (t = -2,6, valor p = 0,015). Conclusiones : Los adolescentes con diagnóstico de TCA presentaron diferencias en la percepción de crianza parental, factor que puede influenciar decisivamente la manifestación de otras conductas psicopatológicas.

RESUMEN El objetivo de nuestro estudio fue el de analizar la incidencia de los estilos de crianza parental como factores mediadores en la relación entre la resiliencia y calidad de vida en estudiantes de una universidad pública de Lima. Para ello, se contó con la participación de 360 personas, entre varones y mujeres cuya edad promedio fue de 26.5 años (DE = 2.19). Empleamos un diseño multivariante, explicativo con variables observables en dos modelos de regresión para definir efectos de mediación del afecto y las exigencias como factores de los estilos de crianza parental sobre la relación entre las otras variables del estudio. Contemplando la adecuación de las medidas de los instrumentos empleados con evidencias sólidas de validez y confiabilidad, los resultados obtenidos refirieron efectos estadísticamente significativos de ambos factores para la relación, explicando el primero hasta un 56 % del efecto total entre las variables (a*b = .16 [I.C. = .13-.21], c = .39) y el segundo, un 45 % (a´*b´ = .14 [I.C. =.09-.17], c´ = .32), considerándose ambos de gran tamaño. Concluimos que los efectos de los factores fueron determinantes en la calidad de las medidas de correlación entre la resiliencia y calidad de vida en los participantes del estudio.

Abstract The objective of our study was to analyze the incidence of parental parenting styles as mediating factors in the relationship between resilience and quality of life in students from a public university in Lima. For this purpose, 360 people participated, including men and women, with an average age of 26.5 years (SD = 2.19). We employed a multivariate, explanatory design with observable variables in two regression models to define mediation effects of affect and demands as factors of parental parenting styles on the relationship between the other variables in the study. Considering the adequacy of the measures of the instruments used with solid evidence of validity and reliability, the results obtained reported statistically significant effects of both factors for the relationship, the first explaining up to 56% of the total effect among the variables (a*b = .16 [C.I. = .13-.21], c = .39), and the second, 45% (a'*b' = .14 [C.I. = .09-.17], c' = .32), both being considered large. We conclude that the effects of the factors were determinant in the quality of the correlation measures between resilience and quality of life in the study participants.

Abstract Escherichia coli is one of the most important bacteria associated with the consumption of meat products causing human disease, with bovines as the main reservoir for this organism. Escherichia coli serogroups producing the Shiga toxin (referred as STEC) include both O157:H7 and non-O157 strains can cause Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS). STEC have been previously founded in raw meat sampled at slaughterhouses. The goals of this study were 1) to detect STEC O157 and non-O157 strains in meat cuts and products (beef and pork) in TIF and non-TIF slaughterhouses, as well as butcheries, in southern Sonora, Mexico, and 2) to verify the antibiotic resistance/susceptibility pattern of E. coli strains, which contain any toxin- producing gene. To achieve the first aim, two selective media (TS-SMAC agar and Rainbow® agar O157) were employed to obtain putative O157:H7 colonies, followed by multiplex PCR for the stx1, stx2, eaeA, and rfB genes, using the O157:H7 serotype as a control. No STEC O157 was found in the beef products, but some non-O157 isolates were found. These isolates contained the stx2 pathogenicity gene (1.40 %, 3/224) and/or the fliCH4 flagellar antigen (1.78 %, 4/224). This work also confirmed the susceptibility/resistance of strains with the stx2 and/or fliCH4 genes to several antibiotics and multi- resistance of all or some of these strains to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, tetracycline, clarithromycin, penicillin G, oxacillin, ampicillin, and cefazolin.