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Abstract. 22. In many cities of Argentina, equine-drawn carts represent an economic livelihood for low-income families. These equines are generally in inadequate physical condition, which results in a sub-optimal performance and a serious detriment to their welfare. The aim of the present work was to determine the animal welfare state of working equines in peripheral neighborhoods of the City of Corrientes Capital, Argentina, using direct and indirect indicators. The population (n=42) presented an average age of 6.8 years and within it a 60% were stallions. Forty five percent of the animals presented suboptimal nutritional status, 43% of the cases presented oral alterations, 67% had skin lesions and 74% had inadequate hoof conditions. Almost all of the animals were alert to the approach of the observer, some reacting aggressively and others expressing abnormal behaviors. Equines were usually used during the morning hours, with loads of brick and sand being the most frequently recorded. According to their caretakers, the animals receive veterinary care on a regular basis, registering an alarming tendency to release them in empty lots, public squares or roads during rest hours. The sources of water and food, constituted by river water, alfalfa and corn, added to grazing during the rest, are positioned as the main alternatives. Thus, it is observed that the welfare state of the equines sampled in the city was between regular and bad, being evident the need for training of caretakers on responsible ownership and joint work between veterinarians and public agencies to address the problem.

Resumen 18. En numerosas ciudades de la Argentina, la tracción animal o también conocida como tracción a sangre (TAS) representa un medio de sustento económico para familias de escasos recursos; los equinos de la actividad generalmente se hallan en condiciones físicas inadecuadas, lo que resulta en un sub-óptimo desempeño y en un serio detrimento de su bienestar. El presente trabajo busca determinar el bienestar animal de los equinos de trabajo en barrios periféricos de la Ciudad de Corrientes Capital, Argentina, utilizando indicadores directos e indirectos. Los primeros se obtuvieron a través del examen físico y comportamental, mientras que los segundos, mediante encuestas a los tutores. La población (n=42) presentó un promedio de edad de 6,8 años y dentro de ella se identificó una subpoblación compuesta por un 60% de machos enteros. Se registró un 45% de animales con estados nutricionales subóptimos, un 43% de pacientes con alteraciones bucales, 67% con lesiones cutáneas y un 74% con condiciones inadecuadas de cascos. Casi la totalidad de los animales se mostraron alerta al acercamiento humano, reaccionando algunos de forma agresiva y otros con conductas anormales. Los animales son usualmente utilizados en horas de la mañana, siendo las cargas de ladrillo y arena las más frecuentemente registradas. Las encuestas revelaron que los animales reciben atención veterinaria, registrándose una alarmante tendencia a la liberación en baldíos, plazas o en la vía pública durante las horas de descanso. Las fuentes de agua y alimentos, constituidas por el agua de río, alfalfa y maíz se posicionan como las principales alternativas. Se observa así que el estado de bienestar de los equinos muestreados en la ciudad es regular a malo, siendo evidente la necesidad de capacitación de los tutores sobre tenencia responsable y el trabajo conjunto entre médicos veterinarios y organismos públicos para abordar la problemática.

https://doi.org/10.30972/vet.3427038

Coming home: modelling the mating roost of the endangered bat Leptonycteris nivalis
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Torres Knoop, Leonora

; Martínez-Meyer, Enrique

; Medellín, Rodrigo A.

Therya

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2023, Volume 14 N. 1 Pages 63 - 74

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen El murciélago magueyero mayor (Leptonycteris nivalis) es el murciélago nectarívoro más grande de América y una de las tres especies nectarívoras migratorias de México. Se encuentra catalogada como especie ’En Peligro de Extinción’ en Estados Unidos y como ’Amenazada’ bajo la ley federal mexicana. A pesar de que L. nivalis tiene una amplia distribución en el país, solamente se ha documentado un refugio de apareamiento de esta especie: “La Cueva del Diablo”, localizada en el estado de Morelos, en el centro de México. En 1994, con la participación de investigadores origen mexicano y de Estado Unidos, a través de la USFWS, se elaboró el Plan de Recuperación de L. nivalis, donde se identificaron las acciones más urgentes y necesarias para su recuperación. Dentro de dichas acciones se encuentran la localización y protección de refugios. En este estudio identificamos áreas potenciales de distribución de refugios de apareamiento en el centro de México, realizamos visitas a las zonas predichas por los análisis para confirmar la presencia de L. nivalis y realizamos una evaluación del estado reproductivo de los individuos. Para los análisis realizamos modelos de nicho ecológico utilizando los algoritmos Maxent, Bioclim y GARP y generamos un mapa consenso de las zonas potenciales de distribución. Adicionalmente, realizamos un análisis de distancias euclidanas multidimensionales para identificar las zonas ecológicamente más similares a la “Cueva del Diablo”. Como resultado identificamos áreas potenciales en los estados de Morelos, Puebla y el Estado de México. Visitamos 17 cuevas distribuidas en 10 localidades y encontramos individuos de L. nivalis por dos años consecutivos en la “Cueva de los Coyotes”, localizada en el suroeste del Estado de México. Capturamos 18 individuos en total, incluyendo una hembra preñada. La ubicación de un refugio ocupado por la especie L. nivalis, y particularmente por una hembra preñada, nos permite reflexionar sobre las dinámicas reproductivas de la especie. En ese sentido, las poblaciones reproductivas podrían estarse separando en pequeñas colonias de apareamiento, a parte de “La Cueva del Diablo”, o las hembras preñadas podrían estarse moviendo hacia otros refugios para pasar el resto del inverno. Con el mejoramiento de las técnicas utilizadas en este estudio será posible encontrar y proteger refugios de apareamiento adicionales de L. nivalis.

Abstract The Mexican Long-nosed bat (Leptonycteris nivalis) is the largest nectarivorous species in the New World, and one of three migratory nectarivores in Mexico. It is considered an ‘Endangered Species’ under the U.S. Endangered Species Act and ‘Threatened’ by the Mexican Federal List of Endangered Species. In 1994, a Recovery Plan was developed by the USFWS with the participation of Mexican and American researchers, and the most urgent actions to ensure the species protection were identified. Locating and protecting roosts are among the most urgent tasks recognized. With this study, we aimed to identify the most suitable areas potentially holding additional mating roosts of Leptonycteris nivalis, and we conducted surveys of these areas to confirm its presence, and to assess the reproductive state of individuals. We used Maxent, the Genetic Algorithm for Rule-set Production (GARP), and Bioclim algorithms to generate an agreement map of the potential distribution of additional mating roosts, and we implemented a Euclidian multidimensional distances analysis to identify ecologically similar regions to “La Cueva del Diablo”, the only mating roost known for the species. We identified suitable areas in the states of Morelos, Puebla and the State of Mexico. We visited seventeen caves distributed in ten different localities in these areas. For two consecutive years, we found the species in a cave called: “La Cueva de los Coyotes”, located in the State of Mexico, where we captured eighteen individuals, including a pregnant female. The location of an unknown roost so far, occupied by individuals of L. nivalis, and among them a pregnant female, allows us to reflect about the reproductive dynamics of the species. In that sense, reproductive populations may be splitting into smaller colonies to mate, other than “La Cueva del Diablo”, or pregnant females might me moving to additional and nearby roosts to spend the rest of the winter season. Using these tools and further refinements we may be able to locate additional mating roosts, thus, providing more possibilities for the application of conservation measures for the protection of the species.

https://doi.org/10.12933/therya-23-2231

Alcohol use in self-isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional survey in Brazil
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Moura, Helena F.

; von Diemen, Lisia

; Bulzing, Rugero A.

; Meyer, Jacob

; Grabovac, Igor

; López-Sánchez, Guillermo F.

; Sadarangani, Kabir P.

; Tully, Mark A.

; Smith, Lee

; Schuch, Felipe B.

Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy

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2023, Volume 45 elocation e20210337

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Objectives To assess alcohol use and perceived change in alcohol consumption (before and during the pandemic) in Brazilians during the COVID-19 pandemic, their correlates, and their associations with depressive, anxiety and co-occurring depressive and anxiety symptoms (D&A). Methods This is a cross-sectional study comprising 992 individuals in self-isolation. A self-report questionnaire was used to assess whether participants were drinking during self-isolation and whether they changed their drinking behavior (drinking less, more, or no change) from before to during the pandemic. D&A symptoms were assessed using the Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories (BDI and BAI). Results A total of 68.5% of participants reported alcohol consumption during the pandemic, and 22.7% of these reported increased alcohol use. Smoking was positively associated with alcohol consumption during the pandemic. Alcohol consumption was associated with anxiety (OR = 1.40, 95%CI 1.06-1.85, p < 0.01) and D&A (OR = 1.38, 95%CI 1.02-1.87, p = 0.033) symptoms. Conclusions Drinking during self-isolation was prevalent and was associated with risk factors for alcohol use disorders. The long-term effects of high drinking rates and increased consumption should be proactively monitored and assessed.

https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2021-0337

Theoretical procedures of the cross-cultural adaptation process of the Child Mania Rating Scale - Parent Version (CMRS-P) for the Brazilian context
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Meyer, Tharso de Souza

; de Figueiredo, Vera Lúcia Marques

; Youngstrom, Eric A.

; de Azevedo Cardoso, Taiane

; Araújo, Jaciana Marlova Gonçalves

; Mondin, Thaise

; Osório, Flávia de Lima

; Andretta, Ilana

; Souza, Luciano Dias de Mattos

Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy

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2023, Volume 45 elocation e20210390

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Objectives To describe the theoretical procedures employed in the process of cross-cultural adaptation (CCA) for Brazil of the Child Mania Rating Scale - Parent Version (CMRS-P). Methods Seven steps were carried out: (1) translations and synthesis; (2) Committee of Judges-I; (3) grammatical review; (4) Committee of Judges-II; (5) semantic analysis (pre-test); (6) back-translation; and (7) discussion with the authors of the original instrument. Participants were two professional translators, 14 experts, a grammar proofreader, and 21 parents/guardians, representatives of the target population. The results were analyzed in terms of the percentage of agreement between evaluators and the content validity coefficient (CVC) and by analysis of comments and suggestions. Results Grammatical and cultural adjustments were made, in addition to substitution and/or inclusion of words and examples. Adequacy agreement indexes exceeding 86% were achieved and the CVC result for the total scale was excellent (0.95). The pre-test indicated good acceptance and understanding by participants. Conclusion The proposed version proved to be promising for use in the Brazilian context, although further psychometric studies are still needed to prove the scale’s validity and reliability.

https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2021-0390

Physical distance characterization using pedestrian dynamics simulation
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Parisi, D. R.

; Patterson, G. A.

; Pagni, L.

; Osimani, A.

; Bacigalupo, T.

; Godfrid, J.

; Bergagna, F. M.

; Rodriguez Brizi, M.

; Momesso, P.

; Gomez, F. L.

; Lozano, J.

; Baader, J.M.

; Ribas, I.

; Astiz Meyer, F. P.

; Di Luca, M.

; Barrera, N. E.

; Keimel Alvarez, E. M.

; Herran Oyhanarte, M. M.

; Pingarilho, P. R.

; Zuberbuhler, X.

; Gorostiaga, F.

Papers in physics

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jan 2022, Volume 14 Pages 1 - 14

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract In the present work we study how the number of simulated customers (occupancy) affects social distance in an ideal supermarket, considering realistic typical dimensions and processing times (product selection and checkout). From the simulated trajectories we measure social distance events of less than 2 m, and their duration. Among other observables, we define a physical distance coefficient that informs how many events (of a given duration) each agent experiences.

https://doi.org/10.4279/pip.140001

PAIN INTENSITY AND FUNCTIONAL STATUS 30 DAYS AFTER SURGERY: DIFFERENCE BETWEEN TRANSFORAMINAL AND INTERLAMINAR PERCUTANEOUS ENDOSCOPICLUMBAR DISCECTOMIES
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Castilho, Claudio A. G.

; Guareschi Junior, Rosalino

; Meyer, Oliver Damiani

; Zylbersztejn, Sérgio

; Bello, Cesar Dall

; Rodrigues, Nilson Rodinei

; Loss, Felipe

; Kisaki, Yorito

Coluna/Columna

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2022, Volume 21 N. 1 elocation e259450

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

RESUMO Objetivo: Comparar as diferenças entre as abordagens endoscópicas transforaminal e interlaminar quanto à intensidade da dor e a funcionalidade 30 dias depois do procedimento cirúrgico. Métodos: Estudo de coorte retrospectivo, com pacientes tratados por discectomia endoscópica percutânea interlaminar ou transforaminal, em acompanhamento no Serviço de Coluna da ISCMPA, sul do Brasil. Os dados foram coletados do prontuário eletrônico dos pacientes por dois médicos independentes. Os desfechos clínicos de intensidade de dor e funcionalidade lombar foram avaliados, respectivamente, pela pontuação da escala visual analógica e do Oswestry Disability Index. Resultados: Trinta e seis pacientes foram incluídos no estudo; a média de idade foi 50,8 ± 15,3 anos, sendo 19 (52,8%), do sexo masculino. Quanto aos desfechos clínicos, observou-se diferença estatisticamente significativa para as abordagens endoscópicas percutânea transforaminal e interlaminar na redução da intensidade da dor (média da diferença 3,5 pontos, p < 0,001) e na melhora da funcionalidade (média da diferença 33,2 pontos, p < 0,001) quando comparados os momentos pré e em 30 dias pós-operatórios, sem diferença significativa com relação às abordagens. O tipo de abordagem técnica diferiu também com relação à idade dos pacientes, à localização, ao tipo e à migração da hérnia de disco e ao tempo do paciente em sala cirúrgica. Conclusões: Observou-se efeito semelhante na redução da dor e na restauração das funções lombares, 30 dias depois da discectomia endoscópica percutânea, em ambas as abordagens técnicas, sem diferenças significativas entre si. Nível de Evidência III;Retrospectivo comparativo.

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare the differences between transforaminal and interlaminar endoscopic approaches in terms of pain intensity and functionality 30 days after the surgical procedure. Methods: A retrospective cohort study, with patients treated by percutaneous interlaminar or transforaminal endoscopic discectomy at the Spine Service of the ISCMPA, in southern Brazil. Data were collected from the patients’ electronic medical records by two independent physicians. The clinical outcomes of pain intensity and lumbar functionality were evaluated, respectively, using the visual analogue scale and the Oswestry Disability Index. Results: Thirty-six patients were included in the study, with a mean age of 50.8 ± 15.3 years, 19 (52.8%) of whom were males. As for the clinical outcomes for both transforaminal and interlaminar percutaneous endoscopic approaches, we observed a statistically significant reduction in pain intensity (mean difference of 3.5 points, p < 0.001) and a statistically significant improvement in functionality (mean difference of 33.2 points, p < 0.001) when we compared the pre- and 30-day postoperative periods, with no significant differences in terms of approaches. The type of technical approach also differed in relation to the patients’ age, the location, type, and migration of the herniated disc, and the patient’s time in the operating room. Conclusion: There was a similar effect on pain reduction and restoration of lumbar functions, 30 days after percutaneous endoscopic discectomy, in both technical approaches, with no significant differences between them. Level of Evidence III; Retrospective comparative study.

RESUMEN Objetivos: Comparar las diferencias entre los abordajes endoscópicos transforaminal e interlaminar en cuanto a la intensidad y funcionalidad del dolor a los 30 días del procedimiento quirúrgico. Métodos: Estudio de cohorte retrospectivo, con pacientes tratados por discectomía endoscópica percutánea interlaminar o transforaminal, en acompañamiento en el Servicio de Columna – ISCMPA, sur de Brasil. Los datos fueron recopilados de las historias clínicas electrónicas de los pacientes por dos médicos independientes. Los resultados clínicos de la intensidad del dolor y la funcionalidad lumbar se evaluaron, respectivamente, utilizando la escala visual analógica y el Oswestry Disability Index. Resultados: Se incluyeron en el estudio 36 pacientes, con una edad promedio de 50,8 ± 15,3 años, 19 (52,8%) varones. En cuanto a los resultados clínicos, se observó una diferencia estadísticamente significativa para los enfoques endoscópicos percutáneos transforaminal e interlaminar en la reducción de la intensidad del dolor (diferencia media 3,5 puntos, p <0,001) y en la mejora de la funcionalidad (diferencia media 33,2 puntos, p <0,001) al comparar los períodos preoperatorios y postoperatorios a los 30 días, sin diferencia significativa en cuanto a los enfoques. El tipo de enfoque técnico también difirió con respecto a la edad de los pacientes, la ubicación, el tipo y la migración de la hernia de disco, y el tiempo del paciente en el quirófano. Conclusiones: Hubo un efecto similar en la reducción del dolor y la restauración de las funciones lumbares, 30 días después de la discectomía endoscópica percutánea, en ambos enfoques técnicos, sin diferencias significativas entre ellos. Nivel de Evidencia III; Estudio retrospectivo comparativo.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1808-185120222101259450

Different Approaches to the Modelling of COVID-19
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MEYER, J.F. C. A.

; LIMA, M.

; ESPITIA, C. C.

; LONGO, F.

; LAIATE, B.

; GOIS, A. N.

; KUNZ, C. F. D.

Trends in Computational and Applied Mathematics

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dec 2021, Volume 22 N. 4 Pages 515 - 531

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT In this paper some innovative aspects of the mathematical modelling of classic epidemiology problems for the study of models related to the COVID-19 pandemic dynamics are presented. In addition, they are compared to real-world data using numerical methods in order to approximate the solutions. One of these models includes a non-transmitting compartment and another one, a delay-differential equation in the SIR-type method. Finally, a comparative discussion of the results is also presented.

https://doi.org/10.5540/tcam.2021.022.04.00515 28 downloads

COVID-19 Modeling and Parameter Estimation for Brazil and Portugal: How Predictable is the Future?
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SOUZA, J. M. R.

; MIYAOKA, T. Y.

; KUNZ, C. F. D.

; MEYER, J. F. C. A.

Trends in Computational and Applied Mathematics

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dec 2021, Volume 22 N. 4 Pages 575 - 594

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT This work addresses the COVID-19 pandemic on two fronts: proposing a system of ordinary differential equations to model it and fitting this model to Brazilian and Portuguese data. It presents estimations to important parameters for the infection dynamics, such as the percentage of asymptomatic individuals, and it stresses out that non-biological human aspects, for example, cultural, social, and economic, are not only impacted by the pandemic but also impact the pandemic dynamics itself. We state that, despite significant variations in the parameters, due to those human elements present in the contemporary pandemic, and despite the strong nonlinearities of the problem, wise human intervention is possible and able to minimize human losses. We show that the mortality rate does not behave as one would expect for a biological problem, independent of cultural aspects, and we also point to possible dates for the peaks of infection in both countries depending on the control of the transmissibility.

https://doi.org/10.5540/tcam.2021.022.04.00575 10 downloads

SUSTAINABILITY ASSESSMENT OF EXTENSIVE CATTLE AND SHEEP PRODUCTION SYSTEMS IN SOUTHERN CHILE
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Avilez, Juan P.

; Nahed, José

; Mena, Yolanda

; Grande, Daniel

; Ruiz, Francisco A.

; Camúñez, José A.

; Meyer, Jorge

; Castel, José M.

Chilean journal of agricultural & animal sciences

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dec 2021, Volume 37 N. 3 Pages 228 - 243

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Extensive livestock systems have decreased in the last decades. In general, these systems are characterized by low profitability, but they have a key role on environment conservation, maintenance of rural population, and health of meat and milk consumers. The present study was carried out in 2017 with 29 livestock farmers in the cold steppe area, Rio Ibáñez District (Comuna de Rio Ibánez), Aysén Region, Chile. The objective of this work was to compare the characteristics of extensive cattle and sheep farms of Southern Chile with a previous study conducted in 2012, assess their sustainability in 2017 and propose improvement actions. The variables studied were included in five attributes according to MESMIS methodology: Productivity, Stability, Adaptability, Equity and Self-management. There were few and circumstantial changes between 2012 and 2017. The global sustainability index was calculated (58%). The values of the five sustainability attributes were 54-64%. The results indicate that livestock farmers carry out valuable practices for sustainability, such as Cattle carry out short seasonal migration, Farmer vaccinates animals, Farmer desparasites animals, Does soil analyses and Farmer has done training courses. The suggested actions to improve sustainability are related to farm and farmer's characteristics, including trading through farmers' associations and off-farm activities. Collaborative work between livestock farmers and government institutions is required to implement the proposed actions. It is also important to raise consumers' awareness of the importance of extensive production systems and the differentiated quality of their products.

https://doi.org/10.29393/chjaas37-25saja80025 24 downloads

10.

Excessive red tape is strangling biodiversity research in South Africa
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Alexander, Graham J.

; Tollev, Krystal A.

; Maritz, Bryan

; McKechnie, Andrew

; Manger, Paul

; Thomson, Robert L.

; Schradin, Carsten

; Fuller, Andrea

; Meyer, Leith

; Hetem, Robyn S.

; Cherry, Michael

; Conradie, Werner

; Bauer, Aaron M.

; Maphisa, David

; O'Riain, Justin

; Parker, Daniel M.

; Mlambo, Musa C.

; Bronner, Gary

; Madikiza, Kim

; Engelbrecht, Adriaan

; Lee, Alan T.K.

; van Vuuren, Bettine Jansen

; Mandiwana-Neudani, Tshifhiwa G.

; Pietersen, Darren

; Venter, Jan A.

; Somers, Michael J.

; Slotow, Rob

; Maartin Strauss, W.

; Humphries, Marc S.

; Ryan, Peter G.

; Kerley, Graham I.H.

South African Journal of Science

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oct 2021, Volume 117 N. 9-10 Pages 1 - 4

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.17159/sajs.2021/10787 22 downloads

11.

Structure-Physical Properties Relationship of Eutectic Solvents Prepared from Benzyltriethylammonium Chloride and Carboxylic Acids
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Paveglio, Guilherme C.

; Milani, Fernanda A. S. C.

; Sauer, André C.

; Roman, Daiane

; Meyer, Alexandre R.

; Pizzuti, Lucas

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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mar 2021, Volume 32 N. 3 Pages 542 - 551

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have attracted the attention of the researchers as alternative solvents due to desirable properties such as easy preparation and high thermal stability. In this work, it was reported the preparation of five DESs from benzyltriethylammonium chloride (BTEAC) as quaternary ammonium salt (QAS) and carboxylic acids (oxalic, malonic or benzoic) as hydrogen bonding donor (HBD), which four were not reported so far. Furthermore, it was presented the first type III liquid DES at room temperature from benzoic acid and shown by interaction energy calculations why the formation of benzyltriethylammonium chloride:benzoic acid (BTEAC:BA) is favored over choline chloride:benzoic acid (ChCl:BA). The optimized geometries showed the Cl···π interaction is determining for decreasing the freezing point of benzyltriethylammonium chloride:benzoic acid mixture. Infrared spectra showed evidence for the existence of hydrogen bonds in DESs. Physical (freezing point, density and refractive index), thermal (thermogravimetric analysis) and rheological characterizations were performed for all solvents. The structure of HBDs affected the results on all evaluated properties and proved that it could be tunable. The prepared DESs were stable thermically and can be used in a wide range of temperature. Finally, rheological studies showed that Newtonian or non-Newtonian behavior can be observed by the nature of HBD.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20200208 185 downloads

12.

Reproductive phenology and influence of abiotic variables for two mangrove species in northeastern Brazil
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Lage-Pinto, Frederico

; Fernando, Pedro Silva

; Carletto, Alan Felix Meyer

; Bernini, Elaine

Rodriguésia

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2021, Volume 72 elocation e00392020

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Informações sobre padrões fenológicos das plantas ajudam a entender a estrutura e o funcionamento dos ecossistemas e apóiam projetos de restauração em áreas degradadas. O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar a fenologia reprodutiva em indivíduos de Avicennia germinans e Laguncularia racemosa em uma floresta de mangue no estuário do rio Mamanguape, Nordeste do Brasil. O registro foi realizado mensalmente de Julho 2016 a Junho 2017. Aplicamos estatística circular para detectar tendências sazonais, calculamos a sincronia intra-específica e realizamos regressões entre fenofases e variáveis abióticas. Avicennia germinans exibiu respostas sazonais para botões florais, flores em antese e frutos, com um episódio reprodutivo por ano (padrão anual). Laguncularia racemosa não mostrou resposta sazonal, com um episódio por ano para botões florais (padrão anual) e dois episódios para flores em antese e frutos (padrão subanual). As fenofases reprodutivas de A. germinans apresentaram maior sincronia intra-específica do que L. racemosa. Fornecemos evidências de que a temperatura, a radiação solar e a precipitação são fatores importantes para o ritmo da floração em ambas as espécies. Em conclusão, os resultados deste estudo mostraram que as espécies exibiram diferentes respostas fenológicas, mesmo estando submetidas às mesmas condições abióticas.

Abstract Information on plant phenological patterns aids in understanding the structure and functioning of ecosystems and support restoration projects in degraded areas. The aim of this study was to characterize the reproductive phenology of Avicennia germinans and Laguncularia racemosa in a mangrove forest in the Mamanguape River estuary in northeastern Brazil. The characterization was performed monthly from July 2016 to June 2017. We applied circular statistics to detect seasonal trends, calculated intra-specific synchrony, and performed regressions between the reproductive phenophases and the abiotic variables. Avicennia germinans exhibits seasonal responses to floral buds, flowers at anthesis, and fruit, with one reproductive episode per year (annual pattern). Laguncularia racemosa has no seasonal response, with one reproductive episode per year for floral buds (annual pattern) and two episodes for flowers at anthesis and fruits (subannual pattern). Reproductive phenophases of A. germinans exhibited higher intra-specific synchrony than L. racemosa. We provide evidence that temperature, solar radiation and rainfall are important drivers of the flowering rhythm in both species. In conclusion, the results of this study showed that the species exhibited different phenological responses, even though they were subjected to the same abiotic conditions.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202172065 47 downloads

13.

An immunogenetic view of COVID-19
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Aguiar, Vitor R. C.

; Augusto, Danillo G.

; Castelli, Erick C.

; Hollenbach, Jill A.

; Meyer, Diogo

; Nunes, Kelly

; Petzl-Erler, Maria Luiza

Genetics and Molecular Biology

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2021, Volume 44 N. 1 elocation e20210036

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Meeting the challenges brought by the COVID-19 pandemic requires an interdisciplinary approach. In this context, integrating knowledge of immune function with an understanding of how genetic variation influences the nature of immunity is a key challenge. Immunogenetics can help explain the heterogeneity of susceptibility and protection to the viral infection and disease progression. Here, we review the knowledge developed so far, discussing fundamental genes for triggering the innate and adaptive immune responses associated with a viral infection, especially with the SARS-CoV-2 mechanisms. We emphasize the role of the HLA and KIR genes, discussing what has been uncovered about their role in COVID-19 and addressing methodological challenges of studying these genes. Finally, we comment on questions that arise when studying admixed populations, highlighting the case of Brazil. We argue that the interplay between immunology and an understanding of genetic associations can provide an important contribution to our knowledge of COVID-19.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2021-0036 351 downloads

14.

Dracula irmelinae, a new species in the subtribe Pleurothallidinae (Orchidaceae) from the Western Andes of Colombia
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Peláez, Nicolás

; Meyer, Gary E.

; Rendon-Jaramillo, Ubiel

; Fernández, Juan David

; López-Álvarez, Norberto

; Mazariegos H., Luis A.

Lankesteriana

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aug 2020, Volume 20 N. 2 Pages 137 - 149

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen. Una nueva especie de Dracula (Pleurothallidinae: Orchidaceae) en honor a Irmelin Indenbirken, madre del actor y filántropo Leonardo DiCaprio, es descrita a continuación. Dracula irmelinae es fenotípicamente más similar a D. verticulosa, pero se diferencia por tener sépalos más largos y anchos que forman un mentum semicurcular, suavemente curvado detrás del labelo, un indumento con máculas rojas oscuras en las caras internas y externas de los sépalos, y una pubescencia densa y larga en la cara interna de los sépalos y la base de las caudas. La distribución geográfica de las dos especies también difiere dado que la nueva especie está restringida a un área pequeña de la cordillera occidental de Colombia. El estado de conservación del nuevo taxón es evaluado y se reporta como En Peligro (EN, por sus siglas en inglés) usando los criterios de la Unión Internacional para la Conservación de la Naturaleza (UICN).

Abstract. A new species of Dracula (Pleurothallidinae: Orchidaceae) from Colombia is described, honoring Irmelin Indenbirken, mother of the actor and philanthropist Leonardo DiCaprio. Dracula irmelinae is phenotypically most similar to D. verticulosa, but differs in having larger and wider sepals that form a smoothly curved semicircular mentum behind the lip, an indumentum with dark red internal and external maculae and dense long pubescence on the internal sepal surfaces and bases of the tails. The geographic distributions of the two species also differ, with the new species being restricted to a small area in the western Cordillera of Colombia. The conservation status of the new taxon is assessed as Endangered (EN) according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) criteria.

https://doi.org/10.15517/lank.v20i2.41823

15.

Effectiveness of an internet-based self-guided program to treat depression in a sample of Brazilian users: a study protocol
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Lopes, Rodrigo T.

; Meyer, Björn

; Berger, Thomas

; Svacina, Maria A.

Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry

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jun 2020, Volume 42 N. 3 Pages 322 - 328

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Although psychological treatments for depressive disorders are available, they are often expensive or inaccessible for many. Web-based interventions that require minimal or no contact with therapists have been shown effective. To the best of our knowledge, no study using this treatment format has been conducted in Brazil. The Deprexis program was designed using empirically established principles of cognitive-behavioral therapy to reduce depressive symptoms. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Deprexis in Brazil. This randomized controlled trial will include 128 Brazilians with clinically significant depression symptoms or who have been diagnosed with depressive disorder (major depressive disorder or dysthymia), recruited over the internet (Brazilian forums, social networks, or e-mail lists). Individuals with other psychiatric diagnoses that require significant attention (e.g., bipolar disorder, psychosis) will not be included in the trial. Participants will be randomly assigned to 1) treatment as usual plus immediate access to Deprexis or 2) treatment as usual plus delayed access to Deprexis (after 8 weeks). Participants will be able to obtain other treatment types in addition to the online intervention. If found effective, this web-based intervention would increase the evidence-based care options for depression treatment in Brazil. Clinical trial registration: RBR-6kk3bx, UTN U1111-1212-8998

https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2019-0582 902 downloads

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