RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar como a equipe de enfermagem de um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial II relaciona sua inserção no serviço com o processo de trabalho. Métodos: Pesquisa descritiva, analítica, delineada como estudo de caso, com abordagem qualitativa. Os dados foram coletados por entrevista semiestruturada com profissionais de enfermagem e passaram pela análise de conteúdo subsidiada pela obra de Bardin. Resultados: Emergiram duas categorias temáticas: a) Formas de ingresso no serviço de enfermagem do Centro de Atenção Psicossocial; b) Contratempos no cotidiano da enfermagem em Centro de Atenção Psicossocial. Considerações finais: O fato de os profissionais não terem planejado atuar na saúde mental nem disporem de preparação impacta consideravelmente o ritmo do desenvolvimento do cuidado psicossocial no Centro de Atenção Psicossocial, forçando-os a buscar capacitação na área após admissão. Desmotivada pelas condições de trabalho, a equipe de enfermagem sofre pela ausência de parceria interdisciplinar e desdobra-se para aproximar-se do cuidado psicossocial.

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze how the nursing team from a Psychosocial Care Center II relates its insertion in the service with the work process. Methods: Descriptive, analytical research outlined as a case study with a qualitative approach. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews with nursing professionals and went through content analysis subsidized by Bardin’s work. Results: Two thematic categories emerged: a) Ways of intake in the nursing services at the Psychosocial Care Center; b) Setbacks in nursing routine at the Psychosocial Care Center. Final considerations: The fact that the professionals have not planned to work in mental health nor have training impacts the rhythm of psychosocial care development at the Psychosocial Care Center, forcing them to seek training in the field after admission. Unmotivated by the working conditions, the nursing team suffers from the absence of an interdisciplinary partnership and goes to great lengths to approach psychosocial care.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Analizar como equipo de enfermería de un Centro de Atención Psicosocial II relaciona su inserción en el servicio con el proceso de trabajo. Métodos: Investigación descriptiva, analítica, delineada como estudio de caso, con abordaje cualitativo. Datos recogidos por entrevista semiestructurada con profesionales de enfermería y pasaron por análisis de contenido subsidiada en Bardin. Resultados: Emergieron dos categorías temáticas: a) Formas de ingreso en el servicio de enfermería del Centro de Atención Psicosocial; b) Contratiempos en el cotidiano de la enfermería en Centro de Atención Psicosocial. Consideraciones finales: El hecho de los profesionales no tener planeado actuar en salud mental ni disponer de preparación, impacta considerablemente el ritmo del desarrollo del cuidado psicosocial en Centro de Atención Psicosocial, forzándolos a buscar capacitación en el área después admisión. Desmotivada por condiciones de trabajo, el equipo de enfermería sufre por la ausencia de colaboración interdisciplinar y redoblarse para aproximarse del cuidado psicosocial.

Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de concentrações de arginina dietética sobre a saúde da tilápia-do-nilo (Oreochromis niloticus), em tanques-rede. O experimento foi realizado em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com quatro tratamentos (2,3, 2,9, 3,5 e 4,1% de arginina em relação à matéria seca na dieta) e três repetições, em 12 tanques-rede de 8 m3, com 4.000 tilápias revertidas sexualmente (63±20 g, 500 peixes m-3). Determinaram-se o desempenho produtivo e a saúde dos peixes. Avaliaram-se os parâmetros bioquímicos e hematoimunológicos e os aspectos morfológicos das brânquias e do fígado. A inclusão de arginina não proporcionou diferenças significativas no desempenho produtivo. Porém, a suplementação de arginina a 3,5% de concentração melhorou os parâmetros bioquímicos e de contagem de leucócitos, tendo consequentemente melhorado o sistema imunológico. A concentração de arginina a 4.1% causou degeneração lipídica, representada pelo aumento dos níveis da alanina aminotransferase e pela diminuição dos níveis de albumina, ureia, lactato e glicose. A suplementação com arginina acima de 2,3% e abaixo de 3,5%, nas dietas de tilápias criadas em tanques-rede, promove melhoras no sistema imunológico dos peixes, sem provocar efeitos morfológicos e fisiológicos deletérios.

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of dietary arginine concentrations on the health status of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) cultivated in cages. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design with four treatments (2.3, 2.9, 3.5, and 4.1% arginine in dry matter) and three replicates, in 12 net cages of 8 m3, containing 4,000 sexually reverted tilapia (63±20 g, at 500 fish m-3). Fish productive performance and health were evaluated. Biochemical, hematological, and immunological parameters, as well as the morphological aspects of gills and liver, were evaluated. Arginine inclusion did not cause significant differences in fish growth performance. However, arginine supplementation at 3.5% concentration improved the biochemical parameters and leucocyte counts, consequently improving the immune system. The arginine concentration of 4.1% caused lipid degeneration, shown by the increase of alanine aminotransferase and the decrease of albumin, urea, lactate, and glucose. Arginine supplementation above 2.3% and below 3.5%, in the diets of tilapia reared in cages, improves fish immune system, without adverse morphological and physiological effects.

Abstract In swine and bovines, leptospirosis prevention and control is carried out via vaccination of susceptible animals using bacterins. However, the efficiency of leptospirosis vaccines has been questioned. This work aimed to investigate the potency of five leptospirosis vaccines sold commercially in Brazil, challenging the animals with one autochthonous strain of Leptospira, Canicola serovar, denoted LO4, isolated from swine. The standard protocol was followed, and renal carriers of Leptospira were identified among the surviving animals by culture and PCR. Of the five vaccines tested, only two proved effective. None of the surviving animals was positive by culture; however, one animal was positive by PCR. Three of the five vaccines sold commercially in Brazil for the immunization of swine or bovines failed the test of the efficacy to protect the vaccinated animals following challenge with an autochthonous Leptospira strain, Canicola serovar. The two vaccines provided protection against the renal carrier state in the surviving animals. The criteria used to produce leptospirosis bacterins sold commercially in Brazil must be reviewed. The industry should support researches on leptospiral vaccinology to improve the quality of the present vaccines and discover new immunogenic strains, because it is known that vaccination is one of the most important tools to increase the reproduction rates in livestock.

The virtual reality has been frequently required in rehabilitation settings. However, it still lacks specificity, making it necessary to establish specific criteria to classify the most relevant aspects of electronic games to allow interventions based on virtual reality. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to develop a “Perceptual and motor demands assessment protocol for virtual reality systems” and to investigate its content validity and intra and inter observer agreement. The protocol was created through a literature review including classical studies as well as a review of recent articles about motor behavior, physical training, cognitive neuroscience and virtual reality. The previous versions were presented in study group meetings and congresses, and modified accordingly to suggestions of experts. Three examiners used the final version to analyze twice the total of 20 videos of individuals in a virtual environment and answered a questionnaire about its content validity. Most of the obtained values were classified as “good” (concordance from 80% to 89%) or “excellent” (concordance from 90% to 100%) by the three examiners and the protocol’s content validity was adequate. The protocol is valid, applicable and practical for analyzing different requirements of electronic games in a virtual environment.

RESUMO: O objetivo do trabalho foi determinar a prevalência de leptospirose e brucelose por Brucella canis e determinar os fatores de risco associados com a positividade em cães da Estância Turística de Ibiúna, estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Foram examinados 570 animais distribuídos em 4 regiões nos 48 bairros do município, no período de setembro de 2007 a março de 2008. O diagnóstico sorológico da leptospirose foi efetuado com o teste de soroaglutinação microscópica (SAM), e para o diagnóstico de brucelose foi realizado hemocultivo. Dos 570 animais examinados, 187 (32,8%; IC95% 28,9 - 36,8) foram soropositivos para leptospirose, com predomínio de reações para os sorovares Pyrogenes, Autumnalis e Canicola, e 6 (1,05%; IC95% 0,4 - 2,2) foram positivos para brucelose. A variável atividade sexual (OR = 1,73) foi identificada como fator de risco associado à positividade para leptospirose, e o manejo do tipo solto foi considerado fator de risco tanto para leptospirose (OR = 1,96) quanto para brucelose (OR = 10,85). Conclui-se que a leptospirose e a brucelose estão presentes em cães da Estância Turística de Ibiúna, São Paulo, e que a atividade sexual e o acesso irrestrito à rua são condições associadas com a prevalência das infecções.

ABSTRACT: The aim of this survey was to determine the prevalence of leptospirosis and brucellosis due to Brucella canis and to determine the risk factors associated with positivity in dogs of the Tourist Resort of Ibiúna, State of São Paulo, Brazil. A total of 570 blood samples were collected from dogs from 4 regions of 48 districts of the county of Ibiúna during the period of September 2007 to March 2008. Serological diagnosis of leptospirosis was performed with the microscopic agglutination test (MAT), and blood culture was used for the diagnosis of brucellosis. Of the 570 dogs used 187 (32.8%; 95%CI 28.9 - 36.8) were seropositive to leptospirosis, with predominance of reactions to serovars Pyrogenes, Autumnalis and Canicola, and 6 (1.05%; 95%CI 0.4 - 2.2) were positive to brucellosis. Variable sexual activity (OR = 1.73) was identified as risk factor associated with the positivity to leptospirosis, and free access to street was considered risk factor for both leptospirosis (OR = 1.96) and brucellosis (OR = 10.85). It is concluded that leptospirosis and brucellosis are present in dogs of the Tourist Resort of Ibiúna, State of São Paulo, and sexual activity and free access to street are conditions associated with the prevalence of infections.

Phenanthrene, a Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon, remains adsorbed to sedimentary particles in aquatic environments. It affects mainly benthic organisms, and is considered potentially genotoxic. In ecotoxicology, species of Chironomus Meigen, 1803 are widely known as bioindicators of the effects of chemicals on aquatic organisms. This study investigates the effects of phenanthrene on the size of the head capsule of Chironomus sancticaroli Strixino & Strixino, 1981 larvae after chronic (eight days) exposure, and DNA damage after acute (96 hours) and chronic exposure (eight days), under laboratory conditions. DNA damage, evaluated using the alkaline comet assay, detected effects for both exposure periods, indicating that phenanthrene is toxic for C. sancticaroli. For the acute exposure, we analyzed five concentrations of phenanthrene, between 0.16 mg.l-1 and 1.60 mg.l-1, detecting significant differences (Kruskall-Wallis test with p < 0.05) in the degree of DNA damage in all groups. These effects were not dose-dependent. For the chronic exposure, two concentrations (0.16 mg.l-1, 0.83 mg.l-1) were analyzed, and DNA damage was observed in both. Again, the effects were not dose-dependent. This indicates that phenanthrene is genotoxic to larvae of C. sancticaroli even at low concentrations. The size of the head capsule was evaluated after chronic exposure to concentrations of 0.16 mg.l-1 and 0.83 mg.l-1. Significant differences (ANOVA test with p < 0.05) were detected in the two concentrations, and a reduction in the size of the larval head capsule was observed. This suggests that phenanthrene causes delay in larval development. These results indicate that phenanthrene affects the development of and causes DNA damage in C. sancticaroli larvae. Therefore, we suggest that C. sancticaroli can be used as a biological indicator for environmental contamination with phenanthrene.