RESUMO: O presente estudo teve como objetivo subtipar os genes Stx1 e Stx2 e caracterizar a resistência antimicrobiana em 106 isolados de Escherichia coli produtoras de toxinas Shiga (STEC) isoladas de fezes de bovinos e ovinos. A PCR foi utilizada para determinar os subtipos e o método de difusão em disco foi utilizado para avaliar a resistência antimicrobiana. Dez antibióticos de cinco classes diferentes foram testados. Entre os isolados de origem bovina, foram identificados dois subtipos de Stx1 (Stx1a e Stx1c) e quatro subtipos de Stx2 (Stx2a, Stx2b, Stx2c e Stx2d). Nos isolados de origem ovina, foram identificados dois subtipos de Stx1 (Stx1a e Stx1c) e quatro subtipos de Stx2 (Stx2a, Stx2b, Stx2c e Stx2g). Os resultados obtidos sugerem a presença de alta variabilidade nos genes Stx1 e Stx2. Além disso, 96,6% (57/59) dos isolados fecais de bovinos e 89,4% (42/47) dos isolados de ovinos mostraram resistência a pelo menos um antibiótico testado. Em ambas as espécies animais, a maioria das cepas foi multirresistente (MDR) (67,8% em bovinos e 59,6% em ovinos), sem diferença significativa entre as espécies animais do reservatório. Os animais adultos tiveram oito vezes mais chances de apresentar STEC com maior potencial patogênico. STEC com o maior potencial patogênico teve três vezes mais chances de ser multirresistente do que o STEC com o menor potencial patogênico. Os dados relatados neste estudo sugerem a ocorrência de cepas com alto potencial de patogenicidade na região estudada. Portanto, os ruminantes dessa região são hospedeiros de isolados que podem causar infecções em humanos.

ABSTRACT: The present study was aimed at subtyping of Stx1 and Stx2 genes and characterization of antimicrobial resistance in 106 Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) strains isolated from cattle and sheep feces. PCR was used to determine the subtypes, and the disk-diffusion method was used to evaluate the antimicrobial resistance. Ten antibiotics from five different classes were tested. Among the isolates of bovine origin, two subtypes of Stx1 (Stx1a and Stx1c), and four subtypes of Stx2 (Stx2a, Stx2b, Stx2c, and Stx2d) were identified. In isolates of sheep origin, two subtypes of Stx1 (Stx1a and Stx1c), and four subtypes of Stx2 (Stx2a, Stx2b, Stx2c, and Stx2 g) were identified. The results obtained suggest the presence of high diversity in Stx1 and Stx2 genes. Further, 96.6% (57/59) of bovine fecal strains and 89.4% (42/47) of sheep fecal strains showed resistance to at least one tested antibiotic. In both animal species, most strains were multidrug-resistant (MDR) (67.8% in cattle and 59.6% in sheep), with no significant difference between host animals. Adult animals were eight times more likely to have STEC with greater pathogenic potential. STEC with the highest pathogenic potential were three times more likely to be multidrug-resistant than STEC with the lowest pathogenic potential. The data reported in this study suggests the occurrence of strains with high potential pathogenicity in the region studied. Therefore, the ruminants of this region are carriers of strains that can cause infections in humans.

Abstract Abstract: The formononetin biostimulant may be an option for reducing P fertilization once it stimulates mycelial growth of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and increases plant ability to take up nutrients through the roots, especially phosphorus. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of formononetin associated with phosphorus fertilization in maize. Field experiments were conducted in a randomized block design with a 3 × 4 factorial arrangement (0, 50 or 70, and 140 kg ha-1 P2O5; and formononetin application rates: 0, 25, 50, and 100 g ha-1), with four replications. Formononetin (100 g ha-1) increased the mycorrhizal colonization rate up to 30% in maize in the first four weeks after emergence when no P fertilizer was applied, and to 17% when 50 or 70 kg ha-1 of P2O5 were applied. The application of 50 and 100 g ha-1 of formononetin significantly increased plant height, ear height, and grain yield (22% - 76%) when no P fertilizer was applied. The use of formononetin in the field stimulates mycorrhizal colonization, has a positive effect on maize yield, and reduces the need for P fertilizer application in maize. However, this effect was evident only at low P soil contents.

Abstract The garment sector has the immeasurable need for adoption of technological innovation strategies in order to respond to the rapid changes in the market. Their productive processes are organized by work activities called operations. These operations focus on apparel manufacturing considering the best quality of their products, the lowest cost of production and the efficient use of resources. Its modern management demands digitization and personnel with new skills. At present, there are methods and tools that guide the analysis and improvement of manufacturing operations. However, the garment sector lacks a specialized instrument for this purpose. Therefore, a diagnostic instrument for the analysis and improvement of the manufacturing operations is proposed in this work. The results of the process of elaboration and validation of the instrument reflect the diagnosis capable of collecting the relevant information in order to view in-detail, the improvement needs of the operations of individual and collective manufacturing of each company, which will allow to propose strategies to improve the competitiveness of this sector.

Resumen El sector de la confección tiene la necesidad inmensurable de adopción de estrategias de innovación tecnológica con el fin de responder a los rápidos cambios del mercado. Sus procesos productivos se organizan por actividades de trabajo denominados operaciones. Se enfocan a la manufactura de indumentaria considerando la mejor calidad de sus productos, el menor costo de producción y la eficiente utilización de los recursos. Su moderna gestión demanda de la digitalización y personal con nuevas competencias. En la actualidad, se conocen métodos y herramientas que orientan al análisis y mejoramiento de las operaciones de manufactura, sin embargo, el sector de la confección carece de un instrumento especializado para este fin. Razón por la cual, en este trabajo se propone un instrumento de diagnóstico para el análisis y mejora de las operaciones de confección. Los resultados del proceso de elaboración y validación del instrumento, reflejan el diagnóstico capaz de levantar información relevante con el propósito de visualizar detalladamente las necesidades de mejora en las operaciones de confección individual y colectiva por empresa, mismas que permitirán proponer estrategias de mejora de la competitividad al sector.

RESUMO O presente trabalho objetivou comparar o efeito do flunixin meglumine, cetoprofeno e meloxicam no tratamento da dor pós-operatória de ovinos submetidos à implantação de cânula ruminal e orquiectomia. Foram utilizados 32 ovinos, machos, pesando em média 35,5±3,5kg, distribuídos em três grupos: GFlu (flunixin meglumine 1,1mg/kg i.v.), GCet (cetoprofeno 3,0mg/kg i.v.) e GMel (meloxicam 0,5mg/kg i.v.). Exame clínico e coletas de sangue foram realizados no M0 (pré-avaliação), M1 (10 minutos após a pré-avaliação), M2 (início da sutura para fixação da cânula ruminal), M3 (logo após o término da cirurgia) e em duas, 12, 23, 25, 48 e 72 horas após a cirurgia (M2h, M12h, M23h, M25h, M48h e M72h), quando foram avaliados cortisol, glicose, proteína total, albumina, γ-glutamiltransferase (GGT), aspartato aminotransferase (AST), creatina quinase (CK), ureia, creatinina e hemograma. Nos M2h, M12h, M23h, M25h e M48h, foi realizada avaliação comportamental. O GFlu apresentou maior concentração de cortisol no M12h e no M48h e maior escore de dor na fístula e no testículo no M12h, quando comparado ao GMel. Os animais do GCet apresentaram menor interação com outros membros da baia no M23h. A ação analgésica do meloxicam foi maior em animais submetidos à implantação de cânula ruminal e orquiectomia, quando comparado ao flunixin meglumine e ao cetoprofeno.

ABSTRACT This study aimed to compare the effect of flunixin meglumine, ketoprofen, and meloxicam in the treatment of postoperative pain in sheep submitted to ruminal cannulation and orchiectomy. 32 sheep were submitted to implantation of rumen cannula and orchiectomy, divided into three groups: GFlu (Flunixin meglumine 1,1mg/kg i.v.); GCet (Ketoprofen 3,0mg/kg i.v.); GMel (Meloxicam 0,5mg/kg i.v.). Clinical examination and blood samples were performed at M0 (pre-evaluation), M1 (10 minutes after pre-evaluation), M2 (beginning ruminal cannula), M3 (immediately post-surgery), and M2h, M12h, M23h, M25h, M48h and M72h (2h, 12h, 23h, 25h, 48h and 72 hours post-surgery) with the evaluation of cortisol, glucose, total protein, albumin, γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatine kinase (CK), urea, creatinine and blood count. At M2h, M12h, M23h, M25h and M48h a behavioral evaluation was performed. The GFlu showed higher concentration of cortisol at M12h and M48h and greater pain score related with fistula and testis procedures at M12h when compared to GMel. Animals in the GCet group presented lower interaction with other animals in the same M23h paddock. The analgesia provided by Meloxicam was higher than flunixin meglumine and ketoprofen in animals submitted to placement of ruminal cannula and orchiectomy.

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar o efeito da odontoplastia sobre a digestibilidade aparente de dieta para equinos, o tempo de consumo e o tamanho de partícula das fezes. Foram utilizados nove equinos, com idade de 14,5±3,3 anos e peso de 531±38,7kg. A dieta consistiu do oferecimento de 1,5% do peso vivo (PV) em feno de Tifton 85 e 0,75% do PV em concentrado para ambos os ensaios. O experimento compôs-se de dois ensaios de digestibilidade aparente pelo método de coleta total, antes e após a odontoplastia, em que também foi avaliado o tempo de consumo do feno e do concentrado e analisado o tamanho de partícula das fezes. Foi observado efeito (P<0,05) da odontoplastia sobre os coeficientes de digestibilidade aparente da matéria seca, matéria orgânica, proteína bruta, fibra em detergente neutro e fibra em detergente ácido. Verificou-se efeito do tempo de consumo para o concentrado (P<0,05), porém não se observou para o volumoso (P<0,05). Houve maior retenção (P<0,05) das partículas das fezes nas peneiras de maior granulometria. A odontoplastia aumenta a digestibilidade dos nutrientes da dieta e o tamanho de partículas nas fezes, sem alterar a qualidade destas. Animais após o procedimento apresentam menor tempo de consumo de concentrado.

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of odontoplasty on apparent digestibility of diet for horses, consumption time, and particle size of feces. Nine horses were used, aged 14.5±3.3 years and weightng 531±38.7kg. The diet consisted of 1.5% of live weight (LW) in Tifton 85 hay and 0.75% of LW in concentrate for both assays. The experiment consisted of two tests of apparent digestibility using the method of total collection, before and after the odontoplasty, where the consumption time of hay and concentrate was also evaluated and the particle size of the feces was analyzed. An effect (P<0.05) of odontoplasty on the apparent digestibility coefficients of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber was observed. Effect of the consumption time for the concentrate (P<0.05) was observed, but not for the forage (P<0.05). There was more retention (P<0.05) of the fecal particles in the sieves of bigger granulometry. The odontoplasty increases the digestibility of dietary nutrients and feces particle size, without changing feces quality. Animals after the procedure have shorter concentrate consumption time.

RESUMO Cinco experimentos foram conduzidos para avaliar a hipótese de que a densidade de Solanum americanum e o tempo de convivência podem alterar a qualidade dos frutos do tomate para a indústria. O tomate foi cultivado usando-se o plantio direto ou a técnica de transplante. Os fatores avaliados consistiram da densidade de plantas daninhas (de 0 até 6 plantas m-2) e do tempo de interferência delas (fases de pré-florada, pleno florescimento, enchimento de frutos e colheita). Os efeitos da interferência sobre a qualidade dos frutos do tomateiro foram analisados utilizando um modelo múltiplo. As variáveis de tomate avaliadas foram tipos de fruta para indústria (em função da maturação e infecção da doença) e teor de sólidos solúveis (obrix). A qualidade dos frutos de tomate é dependente dos fatores testados. Sob baixa densidade (<6 plantas m-2) de S. americanum, houve reduzido impacto sobre a qualidade dos frutos do tomateiro. A porcentagem de frutos tipo A (fruta madura, com cor vermelha e sem infecção por patógeno) é a variável mais afetada pela interferência das plantas daninhas. O impacto das variáveis independentes sobre a porcentagem de frutos tipo C (verde e/ou com mais de 15% de infecção da doença) foi de baixa magnitude e com tendência inversa ao observado para a classe A. O nível de sólidos solúveis foi influenciado pela interferência das plantas daninhas em apenas dois experimentos, mas o impacto foi de pequena magnitude. Discute-se neste estudo o impacto dos resultados sobre as práticas de manejo de culturas atuais e futuras.

ABSTRACT Five experiments were conducted to evaluate the hypothesis that Solanum americanum density and time of coexistence affect the quality of processing tomato fruit. The tomato crop was established using either the direct drilling or the transplanting technique. The factors evaluated consisted of weed density (from 0 up to 6 plants m-2) and time of weed interference (early bloom stage, full flowering stage, fruit filling, and harvest time). The effects of competition on tomato fruit quality were analysed using a multiple model. Tomato variables evaluated included industrial fruit types (which depended on ripeness and disease infection) and soluble solids level(obrix). Tomato fruit quality is dependent on the factors tested. Under low densities (< 6 plants m-2) of S. americanum there was a small impact on the quality of the tomato fruits. The percentage of grade A (mature fruit with red color and without pathogen infection) tomato fruits is the variable most affect by the independent variables. The impact of these independent variables on the percentage of grade C (green and/or with more than 15% disease infection) tomato yield was of smaller magnitude and in an inverse trend as the observed for grade A. The level of soluble solids was influenced by the weed interference on only two experiments, but the impact was of small magnitude. The impact of the results on current and future crop management practices is discussed.

Resumo: A fim de detectar os fatores de virulência em isolados de E. coli produtoras de toxina Shiga (STEC) e investigar o perfil de resistência aos antimicrobianos, swabs retais foram coletados em ovelhas saudáveis das raças Santa Inês e Dorper. Dos 115 isolados de E. coli obtidos, 78,3% (90/115) foram caracterizados como STEC, dos quais 52,2% (47/90) possuíam o gene stx1, 33,3% (30/90) stx2 e 14,5% (13/90) ambos os genes. Em busca de fatores de virulência, 47,7% e 32,2% dos isolados apresentaram genes saa e cnf1. De acordo com a análise do perfil de resistência a antimicrobianos, 83,3% (75/90) eram resistentes a pelo menos um dos antibióticos testados. Na classificação filogenética, os isolados foram agrupados 24,4% (22/90) no grupo D (patogênico), 32,2% (29/90) no grupo B1 (comensal) e 43,3% (39/90) no grupo A (comensal). A presença de vários fatores de virulência, bem como o elevado número de isolados multirresistentes encontrados neste estudo apoia a afirmação de que as ovelhas são portadoras potenciais de patógenos que ameaçam a saúde pública.

Abstract: In order to detect virulence factors in Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) isolates and investigate the antimicrobial resistance profile, rectal swabs were collected from healthy sheep of the races Santa Inês and Dorper. Of the 115 E. coli isolates obtained, 78.3% (90/115) were characterized as STEC, of which 52.2% (47/90) carried stx1 gene, 33.3% (30/90) stx2 and 14.5% (13/90) both genes. In search of virulence factors, 47.7% and 32.2% of the isolates carried the genes saa and cnf1. According to the analysis of the antimicrobial resistance profile, 83.3% (75/90) were resistant to at least one of the antibiotics tested. In phylogenetic classification grouped 24.4% (22/90) in group D (pathogenic), 32.2% (29/90) in group B1 (commensal) and 43.3% (39/90) in group A (commensal). The presence of several virulence factors as well as the high number of multiresistant isolates found in this study support the statement that sheep are potential carriers of pathogens threatening public health.

In this work, 25,806 potentially amplifiable microsatellite loci (PAL) were identified in pejerrey, (Odontesthes humensis), with 21% of dinucleotide, 22% trinucleotide, 37% tetranucleotide, 13% pentanucleotide and 7% hexanucleotide. Of the total loci, 167 were classified as "Best PAL", more likely to be variables in populations. The results show that with a small coverage of the genome it was possible to identify a large number of microsatellite loci.

Paepalanthus spp., Eriocaulaceae, are native plants from Brazil known as "sempre-vivas" (everlasting flowers). In this work, we evaluated the potential anti-mycobacterial activity of two methoxylated flavonoids (flavonoid 7-methylquercetagetin and 7-methylquercetagetin-4'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside) isolated and identified from P. latipes and the naphthopyranone fractions from P. bromeliodes ethanolic extracts. The MIC value of 500 µg/mL was verified for all compounds tested against M. tuberculosis H37Rv. For M. avium, the MIC value ranged from 1000-2000 µg/mL excepting to naphthopyranone fractions with MIC of 500 µg/mL. This is the first report of activity determination of Paepalanthus spp. flavonoids activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and M. avium.

No Brasil, as espécies de Ocimum são conhecidas como ervas aromáticas e restaurativas. Nesse trabalho foi estudado a composição química dos óleos essenciais das folhas frescas e secas de manjericão (Ocimum sp) obtido por hidrodestilação e analisados por CG-FID e CG-EM. Os teores encontrados foram de 0,70% para as folhas secas e 0,26% para as folhas frescas. Os componentes majoritários foram: Linalol (29,50-32,26%) e metil-chavicol (36,81-41,62%). Eucaliptol também foi detectado (9,99-7,68%). O óleo das folhas secas apresentou composição química mais complexa. Esse trabalho contribui para o conhecimento das plantas medicinais de ocorrência no Brasil.

In Brazil, Ocimum species are commonly known as aromatic and restorative herbs. The present research aimed to study the chemical composition of the essential oils of fresh and dry basil (Ocimum sp) leaves obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC-FID and GC-MS. The obtained yield was 0.70% for dry leaves and 0.26% for fresh leaves. The major compounds were: linalool (29.50-32.26%) and methyl chavicol (36.81-41.62%). Eucalyptol could also be detected (9.99-7.68%). The oil from dry leaves presented a more complex chemical composition. This study serves to contribute to the knowledge of medicinal plants occurring in Brazil.

Effective statin therapy is associated with a marked reduction of cardiovascular events. However, the explanation for full benefits obtained for LDL cholesterol targets by combined lipid-lowering therapy is controversial. Our study compared the effects of two equally effective lipid-lowering strategies on markers of cholesterol synthesis and absorption. A prospective, open label, randomized, parallel design study, with blinded endpoints, included 116 subjects. We compared the effects of a 12-week treatment with 40 mg rosuvastatin or the combination of 40 mg simvastatin/10 mg ezetimibe on markers of cholesterol absorption (campesterol and β-sitosterol), synthesis (desmosterol), and their ratios to cholesterol. Both therapies similarly decreased total and LDL cholesterol, triglycerides and apolipoprotein B, and increased apolipoprotein A1 (P < 0.05 vs baseline for all). Simvastatin/ezetimibe increased plasma desmosterol (P = 0.012 vs baseline), and decreased campesterol and β-sitosterol (P < 0.0001 vs baseline for both), with higher desmosterol (P = 0.007) and lower campesterol and β-sitosterol compared to rosuvastatin, (P < 0.0001, for both). In addition, rosuvastatin increased the ratios of these markers to cholesterol (P < 0.002 vs baseline for all), whereas simvastatin/ezetimibe significantly decreased the campesterol/cholesterol ratio (P = 0.008 vs baseline) and tripled the desmosterol/cholesterol ratio (P < 0.0001 vs baseline). The campesterol/cholesterol and β-sitosterol/cholesterol ratios were lower, whereas the desmosterol/cholesterol ratio was higher in patients receiving simvastatin/ezetimibe (P < 0.0001 vs rosuvastatin, for all). Pronounced differences in markers of cholesterol absorption and synthesis were observed between two equally effective lipid-lowering strategies.

The vascular plants type collection of the SGO Herbarium, Chile, was studied, including information about its history, temporal and spatial distribution of the specimens, prolific collectors and descriptors, together with the revision of the valid names up to date. The analyzed specimens reach a number of 6,555, collected in a lapse of 182 years (1828-2010). A great proportion of the specimens was collected in the Atacama, Coquimbo and Metropolitan regions. According to the names validity, from 4,236 specimens, 61% retains at least the genus name and 20.4% retains the complete name of its original description. R.A. Philippi appears as the most prolific plant descriptor, with 3,359 taxa, while together with F. Philippi they act also as collectors of a high number of type specimens.

Se realiza un análisis de la colección de especímenes tipo de plantas vasculares del Herbario Nacional de Chile (SGO) , aportando antecedentes a su historia, a la distribución temporal y espacial de los ejemplares, los colectores y descriptores más importantes junto con la validez de los nombres de los taxones analizados al día de hoy. Se analizaron 6.555 ejemplares, los que fueron recolectados en un período de 182 años (1828-2010). La mayoría de éstos se concentran espacialmente en las regiones de Atacama, Coquimbo y Metropolitana. En cuanto a su validez taxonómica actual, se analizaron 4.236 nombres de taxones, de los cuales el 61% mantienen a lo menos el género y el 20,4% el nombre completo de la especie o categoría infraespecífica con que fue descrito originalmente. Como descriptor más importante se destaca R.A. Philippi, con 3.359 nombres de taxones dentro de la colección, mientras que junto con F. Philippi destacan como colectores de un gran número de los ejemplares tipo.

Clitoria fairchildiana R. Howard, vulgamente conhecida como faveira, é uma espécie arbórea utilizada na arborização e recomendada para recuperação de áreas degradada, pois é capaz de atuar como adubo verde. No entanto, há poucos estudos básicos para compreender seus atributos ecológicos e fisiológicos. Desse modo, o presente trabalho teve por objetivo estudar as influências do tamanho da semente e de estresse hídrico sobre a germinação das sementes e vigor de plântulas de faveira. Foram usadas sementes pequenas, médias e grandes, postas para germinar em bandejas, com areia, sob condições de umedecimento de 25%, 50%, 75% e 100% da capacidade de retenção de água. A germinação não é afetada pelo tamanho da semente, mas sim pelo vigor, pois as sementes grandes e médias originam plântulas mais vigorosas. Água em excesso reduziu a porcentagem e a velocidade de germinação ao passo que, falta de água, reduziu o crescimento das plântulas.

Clitoria fairchildiana R. Howard, commonly known as faveira, is a widely used tree species in reforestation projects and is also recommended for the recovery of degraded areas, due to the possibility of its use as green manure. However, there are few basic studies to understand its ecological and physiological attributes. Thus, the objective of the present work was to study the influence of seed size and water stress on the seed germination and seedling vigor in faveira. Four repetitions of 25 small, medium, and large seeds were sown in washed and sterilized sand moistened with water to 25, 50, 75, and 100% of its water holding capacity. In accordance with the results, it was concluded that seed germination was not affected by seed size whereas seedling vigor was, since large and medium-sized seeds gave rise to more vigorous seedlings. Water excess reduced total and speed of seed germination whereas lack of water reduced seedling growth.

Sepsis and its complications are the leading causes of mortality in intensive care units, accounting for 10-50% of deaths. Intensive care unit survivors present long-term cognitive impairment, including alterations in memory, attention, concentration, and/or global loss of cognitive function. In the present study, we investigated behavioral alterations in sepsis-surviving rats. One hundred and ten male Wistar rats (3-4 months, 250-300 g) were submitted to cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), and 44 were submitted to sham operation. Forty-four rats (40%) survived after CLP, and all sham-operated animals survived and were used as control. Twenty animals of each group were used in the object recognition task (10 in short-term memory and 10 in long-term memory), 12 in the plus-maze test and 12 in the forced swimming test. Ten days after surgery, the animals were submitted individually to an object recognition task, plus-maze and forced swimming tests. A significant impairment of short- and long-term recognition memory was observed in the sepsis group (recognition index 0.75 vs 0.55 and 0.74 vs 0.51 for short- and long-term memory, respectively (P < 0.05). In the elevated plus-maze test no difference was observed between groups in any of the parameters assessed. In addition, sepsis survivors presented an increase in immobility time in the forced swimming test (180 vs 233 s, P < 0.05), suggesting the presence of depressive-like symptoms in these animals after recovery from sepsis. The present results demonstrated that rats surviving exposure to CLP, a classical sepsis model, presented recognition memory impairment and depressive-like symptoms but not anxiety-like behavior.

Este trabalho descreve os resultados obtidos em um levantamento realizado com 262 estudantes dos cursos de Farmácia e Biologia, de várias partes do Brasil, sobre o tema Plantas Medicinais e Fitoterapia. Foram aplicados questionários com questões relativas aos dados pessoais de cada estudante e questões relacionadas a temas, como por exemplo: a) por que o estudante se interessava por Plantas Medicinais e Fitoterapia? e b) estudante deveria citar cinco plantas que mais conhecia e/ou utilizava. Os resultados da pesquisa demonstraram que os estudantes de Farmácia e Biologia reconhecem a importância das Plantas Medicinais e da Fitoterapia para o seu futuro desempenho como profissionais e têm interesse em se aprimorar nessa área de conhecimento. A alta freqüência de estudantes que consideraram a fitoterapia mais eficaz do que os medicamentos convencionais e a baixa freqüência daqueles que associaram plantas medicinais à riqueza da biodiversidade brasileira foram resultados preocupantes. Um ponto positivo foi o grande número de citações de plantas medicinais que contam com algum estudo de validação, como sendo as mais conhecidas e utilizadas. Consideramos interessante que as disciplinas dos Cursos de Farmácia e Biologia, envolvidas com o tema, concentrem‑se no estudo de plantas medicinais já conhecidas e utilizadas pelos estudantes, capacitando‑os nos aspectos técnico‑científicos de cada espécie e seus produtos.