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Resumo Os terpenóides, também chamados terpenos ou isoprenóides, são uma família de produtos naturais encontrados em todos os organismos vivos. Muitas plantas são produtoras destes metabolitos secundários, que constituem uma grande parte dos óleos essenciais. Uma das características mais importantes é que os compostos são voláteis, têm odor e podem ser utilizados numa variedade de aplicações em diferentes segmentos industriais ou na medicina tradicional. O Brasil tem uma flora rica e diversificada que pode ser utilizada como fonte de pesquisa para a obtenção de novas moléculas. Dentro desta flora, vale a pena mencionar a Caatinga como um bioma exclusivamente brasileiro que possui plantas adaptadas a uma série de condições climáticas e, portanto, um armazém de compostos a serem descritos. As infecções fúngicas são doenças cada vez mais comuns, devido a isso existe uma grande procura de novos agentes com baixa toxicidade e efeitos secundários. Os cientistas devem procurar novas moléculas que exibam atividade antifúngica para o desenvolvimento de novos medicamentos contra as infecções fúngicas. Esta revisão visa analisar dados científicos dos principais estudos publicados que descrevem o uso de terpenóides e as suas aplicações biológicas como antifúngicos. isoprenóides vivos secundários essenciais voláteis tradicional portanto descritos comuns antifúngicos

Abstract Terpenoids, also named terpenes or isoprenoids, are a family of natural products found in all living organisms. Many plants produce terpenoids as secondary metabolites, and these make up a large part of essential oils. One of most important characteristic is that the compounds are volatile, have odor and can be used in a variety of applications in different industrial segments and traditional medicine. Brazil has a rich and diverse flora that can be used as a source of research for obtaining new molecules. Within the Brazilian flora, it is worth mentioning the Caatinga as an exclusively Brazilian biome where plants adapt to a specific series of weather conditions and therefore become a great storehouse of the terpenoid compounds to be described herein. Fungal infections have become increasingly common, and a great demand for new agents with low toxicity and side effects has thus emerged. Scientists must search for new molecules exhibiting antifungal activity to develop new drugs. This review aims to analyze scientific data from the principal published studies describing the use of terpenes and their biological applications as antifungals. Terpenoids isoprenoids organisms metabolites oils volatile medicine herein common emerged drugs antifungals

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.270966

Comparando o desempenho de dois analisadores de massas (FT-ICR MS & LTQ MS): uma aula experimental sobre análise de compostos orgânicos
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Lyrio, Marcos V. V.

; Feu, Amanda E.

; Motta, Larissa C.

; Figueroa, Laura P. R.

; Boasquevisque, Leonardo

; Pinto, Roberta T.

; Rosa, Ana Caroline L.

; Arantes, Heryson T. L. de

; Bottocim, Ramon R. T.

; Fonseca, Victor da R.

; Santos, Nayara A.

; Lacerda Jr., Valdemar

; Castro, Eustaquio V. R.

; Romão, Wanderson

Química Nova

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2022, Volume 45 N. 4 Pages 455 - 465

Abstract: Pt | Text: Pt | PDF: Pt

Mass spectrometry (MS) is a high-performance analytical technique that allows a measurement of the mass/charge (m/z) ratio of compounds present in a sample. MS is able to separate two m/z ions with determined values (mass resolution), being an important characteristic, especially in the analysis of biochemical components and complex mixtures. Mass analyzers define the resolving power and accuracy of different types of mass spectrometers. Herein, the performance of two mass analyzers (Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotronic Resonance (FT-ICR) and quadrupole ion trap (LTQ)) was tested on low (Mw = 165-679 Da) and high (Mw = 783-8.58 kDa) molecular weight molecules (Phenacetin, Procaine, Benzocaine, Caffeine anhydrous, Lidocaine, two metal porphyrin standards, the first cobalt and the second vanadium, and two protein standards, Ubiquitin and Beauvericin), and finally, for an oil sample. LTQ-MS and FT-ICR-MS had similar performance and high reproducibility. However, the mass accuracy and resolution power of the FT-ICR (error lower than 5 ppm and RP higher than 400,000) was higher, being therefore, it was more suitable for the analysis of proteins and oil, for instance. On the other hand, the CID analysis via LTQ demonstrated its applicability in fragmentation experiments, being able to determinate the chemical connectivity of organic compounds in non-complex mixtures.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20170832

Zootechnical indices and digestibility in juveniles of tambaqui Colossoma macropomum fed a diet containing particulate maize
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Polese, M. F.

; Polese, M. F.

; Radael, M. C.

; Mendonça, P. P.

; Motta, J. H. S.

; Azevedo, R. V.

; Souza, A. B.

; Shimoda, E.

; Lavander, H. D.

; Aride, P. H. R.

; Oliveira, A. T.

; Vidal Júnior, M. V.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2022, Volume 82 elocation e232612

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Três experimentos foram realizados com diferentes tamanhos de partícula de ração para o desempenho zootécnico, taxa de aprovação e digestibilidade aparente de tambaqui juvenil (Colossoma macropomum). No primeiro, foram utilizados 200 juvenis e distribuídos em 20 tanques (220 L), 10 peixes por unidade (quatro repetições). O sistema experimental utilizado para registrar o tempo de passagem foi composto por cinco incubadoras com 200 L. No segundo, 75 juvenis foram utilizados por 55 dias (três repetições). No terceiro, 75 juvenis foram utilizados e distribuídos em cinco incubadoras de 200 L. Todos os experimentos foram realizados aleatoriamente. Diferentes tratamentos de comportamento linear foram observados para digestibilidade aparente da proteína bruta; e o menor tamanho de partícula (150 μm) apresentou melhor digestibilidade dos resultados. menor tamanho de partícula do milho apresentou melhores resultados, afetou o desempenho de crescimento de tambaquis e a digestibilidade aparente da proteína bruta e extrato etéreo. Portanto, recomenda-se o uso de um tamanho de partícula de 150 μm de milho para o tambaqui.

Abstract Three experiments were done with different particle sizes of corn feed on its zootechnical performance, passing rate and apparent digestibility of juvenile tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum). In the first, 200 juveniles were used and distributed in 20 tanks (220 L), 10 fish per unit (four replicates). The experimental system used to record passage time was composed of five incubators with 200 L. In the second, 75 juveniles were used per 55 days (three replications). In the third, 75 juveniles were used and distributed in five incubators of 200 L. All experiments were performed randomly. Different linear behavior treatments were observed for apparent digestibility of crude protein; and the smaller particle size (150 μm) had better results digestibility. smaller particle size of the corn had better results, affected the growth performance of tambaqui and the apparent digestibility of crude protein and ether extract. Thus, is recommended that a particle size of 150 μm of corn be used for tambaqui.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.232612 187 downloads

Diversity of endophytic fungi in the leaflets and branches of Poincianella pyramidalis, an endemic species of Brazilian tropical dry forest
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Oliveira, Thays G. L.

; Bezerra, Jadson D. P.

; Silva, Iolanda R. da

; Souza-Motta, Cristina M.

; Magalhães, Oliane M. C.

Acta Botanica Brasilica

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dec 2020, Volume 34 N. 4 Pages 755 - 764

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Plants harbour diverse communities of fungal species in their internal compartments. Endophytic fungi help their hosts to establish, survive, and adapt to different environments. Here, we examined the diversity of endophytic fungi in the leaflets and branches of Poincianella pyramidalis, a plant species endemic to the Brazilian tropical dry forest (Caatinga). A total of 360 fragments of leaflets and branches were analysed and 189 endophytic fungi were isolated and distributed among 21 ascomycetous genera based on their ITS and LSU rDNA sequences. Diaporthe was the most frequently identified genus, followed by Didymella and Rhytidhysteron. The colonisation rate of plant fragments was higher in the branches (74 %) than in leaflets (14 %). The richness of the genera of endophytic fungi was also higher in the branches than in leaflets, whereas no difference was observed in endophyte diversity between the plant parts, based on Shannon-Wiener and Fisher alpha diversity indices. Our results indicate that endemic plant species from Brazilian dry forest, such as P. pyramidalis, are predominantly colonised by ascomycetous fungi, especially members of the class Dothideomycetes.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-33062020abb0253 457 downloads

Effect of temperature on the photocatalytic properties of TiO2-CeO2 multilayer thin films obtained by spin coating method
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Nunes, T. B. O.

; Andrade Neto, N. F.

; Garcia, L. M. P.

; Nascimento, R. M.

; Bomio, M. R. D.

; Motta, F. V.

Cerâmica

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jun 2020, Volume 66 N. 378 Pages 145 - 153

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Filmes finos multicamadas de TiO2-CeO2 foram depositados pelo método de spin coating e calcinados a 500 e 700 °C. Os filmes finos foram caracterizados por difração de raios-X (DRX), microscopia eletrônica de varredura por emissão de campo (MEV-FEG), microscopia de força atômica (MFA) e espectroscopia de reflectância difusa. As propriedades fotocatalíticas foram estimadas variando a concentração do corante azul de metileno (AM) quando iluminado por radiação UV. Os padrões de DRX mostraram que as temperaturas de 500 e 700 °C foram efetivas para obter as fases de TiO2 e CeO2. A diferença na homogeneidade dos filmes de TiO2 e CeO2 foi evidente nas imagens de MFA, onde os filmes apresentaram rugosidade média de 2,0 e 5,3 nm, respectivamente. Filme fino de TiO2-CeO2 obtido a 700 °C apresentou a melhor atividade fotocatalítica, reduzindo a concentração de AM em aproximadamente 80%, enquanto os filmes de CeO2 e TiO2 obtidos a 700 °C reduziram apenas 20% e 29%, respectivamente. O teste de reutilização mostrou que os filmes finos mantiveram sua atividade após 4 ciclos, não havendo necessidade de tratamento térmico, indicando ser um fotocatalisador imobilizado com alta eficiência na degradação do corante orgânico.

Abstract TiO2-CeO2 multilayer thin films were deposited by the spin coating method and calcined at 500 and 700 °C. Thin films were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. Photocatalytic properties were estimated by varying the concentration of the methylene blue dye (MB) when illuminated by UV radiation. The XRD patterns showed that the temperatures of 500 and 700 °C were effective to obtain TiO2 and CeO2 phases. The difference in the homogeneity of TiO2 and CeO2 films was evident in the AFM images, where the films showed an average roughness of 2.0 and 5.3 nm, respectively. The CeO2-TiO2 thin film obtained at 700 °C showed the best photocatalytic activity, reducing the concentration of MB by approximately 80%, while the CeO2 and TiO2 films obtained at 700 °C reduced only 20% and 29%, respectively. The reuse test showed that the thin films maintained their photocatalytic activity after 4 cycles, and there was no need for thermal treatment, indicating that it is an immobilized photocatalyst with high efficiency in the degradation of organic dyes.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0366-69132020663782772 772 downloads

Prevalencia del virus de la rinotraqueitis infecciosa bovina en el departamento del Caquetá, Amazónia Colombiana
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Muñoz, A. L.

; Motta-Delgado, P. A.

; Herrera, W.

; Polania, R.

; Cháves, L. C.

Revista de la Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y de Zootecnia

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apr 2020, Volume 67 N. 1 Pages 9 - 16

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

RESUMEN La rinotraqueitis infecciosa bovina (IBR) es una enfermedad ampliamente difundida en el mundo con gran repercusión socio-económica en las ganaderías bovinas. El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar la prevalencia de IBR en 100 hatos del departamento del Caquetá, para lo cual, se muestrearon 960 bovinos mayores de 36 meses entre enero y marzo de 2016 en predios seleccionados a partir de los criterios: a) tamaño (50-180 hectáreas), b) con más de 10 vacas en ordeño, c) disponibilidad de los productores para cooperar y d) accesibilidad de las vías. Las muestras de suero sanguíneo se remitieron al Laboratorio de Diagnóstico Clínico Veterinario del ICA y se analizaron a través la prueba Elisa de bloqueo (BHV-1) gB. Los sueros con porcentaje de bloqueo superior al 55% se consideraron positivos a anticuerpos para IBR. Se encontró alta seroprevalencia (73,13%), mayor además en machos que en hembras (p < 0,05). A nivel municipal la seroprevalencia fue mayor en los municipios de El Doncello, Puerto Rico y San Vicente del Caguán y se encontró diferencia significativa (p < 0,05) entre los nueve municipios analizados. A nivel de hatos, la prevalencia fue del 99%. En conclusión, la prevalencia del virus de la rinotraqueitis infecciosa bovina (IBR) en bovinos de doble propósito del departamento del Caquetá fue muy alta.

ABSTRACT Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) is a disease widely spread throughout the world with great socio-economic impact on bovine livestock. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of IBR in 100 herds in Caqueta department, for which 960 cattle older than 36 months between January and March 2016 were sampled in farms selected from the criteria: a) size (50-180 hectares), b) with more than 10 cows in milking, c) availability of producers to cooperate and d) accessibility of roads. Blood serum samples were sent to the ICA veterinary clinical diagnostic laboratory and analyzed using the Elisa blocking test (BHV-1) gB, where sera with blocking percentage greater than 55% were considered as positive for IBR antibodies. High seroprevalence was found (73.13%), being higher in males than in females (p < 0.05). At municipal level, seroprevalence was greater in El Doncello, Puerto Rico and San Vicente del Caguán municipalities, significant difference (p<0.05) was found between the nine municipalities analyzed. At herd level prevalence was of 99%. In conclusion the prevalence of Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR) virus in dual-purpose cattle of Caquetá department was very high.

https://doi.org/10.15446/rfmvz.v67n1.87675 793 downloads

Minerals and potentially toxic elements in corn silage from tropical and subtropical Brazil
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Motta, Antonio Carlos Vargas

; Araujo, Eloá Moura

; Broadley, Martin R.

; Young, Scott D.

; Barbosa, Julierme Zimmer

; Prior, Stephen A.

; Schmidt, Patrick

Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia

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2020, Volume 49 elocation e20190214

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Our aim was to assess the mineral composition of corn silages produced in four states of Brazil: Goiás, Minas Gerais, Paraná, and Santa Catarina. In total, seventy-three samples were analyzed. Total element content was extracted by HNO3 and H2O2 microwave-assisted digestion, and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to determine concentration. Of the 31 elements analyzed (Ag, Al, As, B, Ba, Be, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cs, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, P, Pb, Rb, S, Se, Sr, Ti, Tl, U, V, and Zn), 21 had concentrations above equipment detection limits. No elements reached the maximum tolerable concentration, but concentrations of Ca (0.14-0.15%), Cu (3.4-5.6 mg kg−1), P (0.13-0.16%), S (0.06-0.08%), and Zn (13-19 mg kg−1) were below the adequate concentration for good nutritional balance. The strong and consistent correlation observed between Fe and Ti in silage samples indicated contamination by soil. Mean concentrations of Cu, Mn, Mo, P, S, and Zn were different among states, and canonic analyses successfully discriminate samples according to their state of origin. Minerals from corn silage should be considered when formulating balanced cattle diets. To ensure silage quality, farmers must adopt strategies that reduce contamination by soil during the ensiling process.

https://doi.org/10.37496/rbz4920190214 540 downloads

Study about concrete with recycled expanded polystyrene
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CARVALHO, C. H. R.

; MOTTA, L. A. C.

Revista IBRACON de Estruturas e Materiais

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dec 2019, Volume 12 N. 6 Pages 1390 - 1407

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo O concreto leve obtido com adição de partículas de poliestireno expandido (EPS) é conhecido como concreto com EPS. Estudaram-se neste trabalho as propriedades de concretos com adição de EPS para uso em paredes estruturais. O EPS por ser um material produzido em larga escala e possuir baixa densidade, produz um grande volume de resíduos. Esses resíduos são pouco reaproveitados, principalmente no Brasil. Diante disso, a fim de realizar uma comparação do desempenho do concreto com a adição de EPS em pérolas e o reciclado, foram fabricados cinco tipos de concretos, o primeiro de controle sem a adição de EPS e os outros quatro com duas porcentagens diferentes de EPS. Foram avaliadas as propriedades mecânicas (resistência à compressão), físicas (massa específica, índice de vazios, absorção por imersão e por capilaridade) e foram realizados testes para avaliar o desempenho térmico das misturas estudadas. Os concretos com EPS apresentaram resistência à compressão inferior ao concreto referência, entretanto, o desempenho quanto à absorção por capilaridade e às propriedades térmicas foi melhor nos concretos com EPS. Conclui-se também que é viável a substituição do EPS em pérolas por EPS reciclado, devido às proximidades nos resultados encontrados.

Abstract This work studied the properties of lightweight concretes with addition of expanded polystyrene (EPS) for structural walls applications. EPS for being a material produced on a large scale and has low density, produces a large volume of waste. These residues are not reused, especially in Brazil. Given that, in order to perform a comparison of the performance of concrete with adding of EPS in pearls and recycled, it have been manufactured five concrete types, a control without addition of EPS and four other samples with two different percentages of EPS. The mechanical (compressive strength) and physical (density, voids content, absorption by immersion and capillarity) properties were evaluated, and tests were carried out to evaluate the thermal performance of the mixtures studied. The concretes with EPS presented compressive strength less than the reference concrete, however, the absorption for capillarity and thermal properties was better in concretes with EPS. It is concluded that it is feasible to replace the EPS in pearls by recycled EPS, due to the close results found.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1983-41952019000600010 5172 downloads

Study of obtaining thin films of CeO2 doped with 2 and 4 mol% of europium, terbium and thulium by spin coating: photocatalytic properties
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Dias, B. P.

; Andrade Neto, N. F.

; Garcia, L. M. P.

; Bomio, M. R. D.

; Motta, F. V.

Cerâmica

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dec 2019, Volume 65 N. 376 Pages 515 - 522

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Neste estudo, filmes finos de CeO2 dopados com Eu3+, Tb3+ e Tm3+ nas proporções de 2 e 4 %mol foram obtidos por spin coating e calcinados em 700 °C. Os filmes foram caracterizados pelas técnicas de DRX, MEV, MFA e UV-vis. As propriedades fotocatalíticas dos filmes finos foram determinadas pela degradação do corante azul de metileno (AM). Os filmes finos foram submetidos a 4 ciclos fotocatalíticos para analisar a capacidade de serem reusados. Os difratogramas de raios X mostraram que não houve a formação de fases secundárias, onde todos os picos foram referentes ao CeO2. As micrografias de MEV indicaram que a dopagem com 4 %mol promoveu a redução da espessura e porosidade superficial dos filmes finos. As imagens de MFA indicaram o aumento da rugosidade superficial com a dopagem utilizando terras raras. A dopagem com Eu3+, Tb3+ e Tm3+ aumentaram a atividade fotocatalítica em pelo menos 15% para os filmes dopados com 4 %mol. Os testes de reuso indicaram que a atividade fotocatalítica se manteve praticamente constante após a aplicação de quatro ciclos consecutivos.

Abstract In this study, thin films of Eu3+, Tb3+ and Tm3+ doped CeO2 in the proportions of 2 and 4 mol% were obtained by spin coating and calcined at 700 °C. The films were characterized by XRD, SEM, AFM and UV-vis techniques. The photocatalytic activity of the thin films was measured by the degradation of the methylene blue (MB) dye. The thin films were submitted to 4 photocatalytic cycles to analyze the capacity to be reused. XRD patterns showed no secondary phase formation, where all characteristic peaks were related to CeO2. SEM micrographs indicated that doping at 4 mol% promoted the reduction in the thickness and surface porosity of the thin films. AFM images indicated the increase in surface roughness with rare earths doping. Doping with Eu3+, Tb3+ and Tm3+ increased the degradation of the methylene blue dye by at least 15% for thin films doped at 4 mol%. The reuse tests indicated that the photocatalytic activity remained practically constant even with the application of four consecutive cycles.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0366-69132019653762716 757 downloads

10.

Brazilian Guidelines for Hereditary Angioedema Management - 2017 Update Part 1: Definition, Classification and Diagnosis
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Giavina-Bianchi, Pedro

; Arruda, Luisa Karla

; Aun, Marcelo V.

; Campos, Regis A.

; Chong-Neto, Herberto J.

; Constantino-Silva, Rosemeire N.

; Fernandes, Fátima R.

; Ferraro, Maria F.

; Ferriani, Mariana P.L.

; França, Alfeu T.

; Fusaro, Gustavo

; Garcia, Juliana F.B.

; Komninakis, Shirley

; Maia, Luana S.M.

; Mansour, Eli

; Moreno, Adriana S.

; Motta, Antonio A.

; Pesquero, João B.

; Portilho, Nathalia

; Rosário, Nelson A.

; Serpa, Faradiba S.

; Solé, Dirceu

; Takejima, Priscila

; Toledo, Eliana

; Valle, Solange O.R.

; Veronez, Camila L.

; Grumach, Anete S.

Clinics

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2018, Volume 73 elocation e310

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Hereditary angioedema is an autosomal dominant disease characterized by recurrent angioedema attacks with the involvement of multiple organs. The disease is unknown to many health professionals and is therefore underdiagnosed. Patients who are not adequately diagnosed and treated have an estimated mortality rate ranging from 25% to 40% due to asphyxiation by laryngeal angioedema. Intestinal angioedema is another important and incapacitating presentation that may be the main or only manifestation during an attack. In this article, a group of experts from the “Associação Brasileira de Alergia e Imunologia (ASBAI)” and the “Grupo de Estudos Brasileiro em Angioedema Hereditário (GEBRAEH)” has updated the Brazilian guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of hereditary angioedema.

https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2018/e310 1717 downloads

11.

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) as a Biondicator of Copper and Cadmium Toxicity. A Bioavailability Approach
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Silva, Maria A.

; Motta, Tatiana C. S.

; Tintor, Diogo B.

; Dourado, Thiago A.

; Alcântara, Amanda L.

; Menegário, Amauri A.

; Ferreira, José R.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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jan 2017, Volume 28 N. 1 Pages 143 - 151

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The acute toxicity of copper and cadmium in Oreochromis niloticus was evaluated through a 96 h static assay. Precipitation of Cu and co-precipitation of Cd in the presence of Cu were noted, being indicative of differences in nominal and actual concentrations of metals. Under these conditions, LC50-96h was determined as 3.53 mg L-1Cu, 20.1 mg L-1 Cd and 1.36 mg L-1 (Cu + Cd). Besides the quantitative determinations of total dissolved metals in water, considerations on Cd/Cu interactions in aquatic media were presented, allowing the assessment for metals speciation. Data revealed that alkalinity, hardness, dissolved organic carbon and formation of inorganic complexes reduce metal availabilities, mainly in relation to Cu. In spite of this, the LC50 for Cd was significantly reduced in the presence of Cu, matching environmental realistic values. Based on simulated fate of metals, hardness may impair a reduction of 18 and 2% in metal activities, respectively to Cu and Cd.

https://doi.org/10.5935/0103-5053.20160157 1412 downloads

12.

STRIPPING AND DISSIPATION TECHNIQUES FOR THE REMOVAL OF DISSOLVED GASES FROM ANAEROBIC EFFLUENTS
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Glória, R. M.

; Motta, T. M.

; Silva, P. V. O.

; Costa, P. da

; Brandt, E. M. F.

; Souza, C. L.

; Chernicharo, C. A. L.

Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering

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dec 2016, Volume 33 N. 4 Pages 713 - 721

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract UASB reactors are a common technology for wastewater treatment. However, certain disadvantages must be considered. One of the disadvantages relates to the presence of dissolved gases, hydrogen sulfide and methane, in the effluent, which can potentially be released into the atmosphere. This can cause malodours and contribute to the greenhouse effect. In this perspective, this work investigated alternative techniques to minimize these disadvantages: air stripping inside the settling compartment; and a dissipation chamber immediately after the reactor outlet. Results achieved with the air stripping technique showed low removal efficiencies for methane, around 30%, and in the range of 40 to 60% for hydrogen sulfide. On the other hand, the removal efficiencies obtained with the dissipation chamber technique were much higher, consistently reaching 60% or more for both gases, plus a relatively lower exhaust flow. For the best operational condition tested, median removal efficiencies of 73 and 97% were observed for dissolved methane and dissolved sulfide, respectively.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0104-6632.20160334s20150291 3305 downloads

13.

OXYGEN TRANSFER IN THE SOLID-STATE CULTIVATION OF D. monoceras ON POLYURETHANE FOAM AS AN INERT SUPPORT
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Bastos, R. G.

; Motta, F. L.

; Santana, M. H. A.

Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering

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dec 2016, Volume 33 N. 4 Pages 793 - 799

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract In recent years, there has been a resurgence of interest concerning solid-state cultivation processes due to a number of advantages over submerged cultivation. However, studies on oxygen transfer and the performance of bioreactors are lacking. Processes that use inert supports loaded with chemically-defined liquid media have several potential applications and offer numerous advantages, such as improved process control and monitoring and enhanced process consistency compared with cultivation on natural solid substrates. The aim of this research was to study the oxygen transfer for the production of allergenic proteins from a biomass of Drechslera (Helminthosporium) monoceras cultured in a packed-bed reactor filled with polyurethane foam. The results show that a high protein concentration can be produced on an inert support with a high overall oxygen transfer coefficient (KLa) during cultivation.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0104-6632.20160334s20150262 1342 downloads

14.

Mortar modified with sulfonated polystyrene produced from waste plastic cups
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MOTTA, L. A. C.

; VIEIRA, J. G.

; OMENA, T. H.

; FARIA, F. A. C.

; RODRIGUES FILHO, G.

; ASSUNÇÃO, R. M. N.

Revista IBRACON de Estruturas e Materiais

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oct 2016, Volume 9 N. 5 Pages 754 - 764

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Neste trabalho estudou-se a adição do poliestireno sulfonado produzido a partir de copos plásticos descartados como aditivo para argamassas. Foram analisadas argamassas com os teores de poliestireno de 0,0; 0,2; 0,6; 1,0 e 1,4% em relação à massa de cimento. A influência da adição do poliestireno sulfonado nas propriedades das argamassas foi avaliada através dos ensaios de índice de consistência, retenção de água, absorção de água, índice de vazios, módulo de elasticidade, resistência à compressão, resistência à tração na flexão, resistência potencial de aderência à tração e microscopia. O aumento no teor de poliestireno sulfonado reduziu o módulo de elasticidade da argamassa e, apesar da elevação da porosidade, houve uma redução da absorção de água por capilaridade. Em relação à argamassa sem aditivo, a argamassa modificada apresentou aumento na retenção de água e no índice de consistência, além de um grande aumento na resistência à tração na flexão e na resistência potencial de aderência à tração. O aumento significativo da resistência potencial de aderência à tração (214% com 1% de aditivo) destaca o potencial do material produzido como argamassa adesiva.

Abstract In this work, we studied the addition of sulfonated polystyrene produced from waste plastic cups as an admixture for mortars. Mortars were analyzed with polystyrene content of 0.0; 0.2; 0.6; 1.0 and 1.4% in relation to the cement mass. The influence of polystyrene on the mortars' properties was evaluated by the consistency index, water retention, water absorption, porosity, elasticity modulus, compressive strength, flexural strength, bond tensile strength and microscopy. The increase in the sulfonated polystyrene content decreased the elasticity modulus of the mortar and, despite higher porosity, there was a reduction of water absorption by capillarity. In relation to mortar without admixture, the modified mortar showed an increase in water retention and consistency index, and a large increase in flexural strength and bond tensile strength. The significant increase of bond tensile strength (214% with admixture 1%) highlights the potential of the produced material as an adhesive mortar.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S1983-41952016000500007 1331 downloads

15.

Population transitions and temperature change in Minas Gerais, Brazil: a multidimensional approach
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Barbieri, Alisson F.

; Guedes, Gilvan R.

; Noronha, Kenya

; Queiroz, Bernardo L.

; Domingues, Edson P.

; Rigotti, José Irineu R.

; Motta, Glaucia P. da

; Chein, Flavia

; Cortezzi, Francisco

; Confalonieri, Ulisses E.

; Souza, Kenia de

Revista Brasileira de Estudos de População

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dec 2015, Volume 32 N. 3 Pages 461 - 488

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Resumo As mudanças climáticas exacerbarão, nas próximas décadas, a vulnerabilidade de populações, lugares e pessoas ao redor do mundo, especialmente nos países em desenvolvimento. Este artigo investiga cenários hipotéticos futuros de vulnerabilidade às mudanças climáticas para os próximos 30 anos, em 66 microrregiões do Estado de Minas Gerais. Com base no Índice de Alkire e Foster, são integradas as dimensões simuladas e projetadas de vulnerabilidade populacional em um indicador multidimensional, o qual mostra como cenários de mudanças de temperatura afetariam a vulnerabilidade relativa de cada região no futuro. Os resultados sugerem que as dimensões econômica e de saúde são as maiores contribuintes para o aumento da vulnerabilidade relacionada às alterações na temperatura média, com as regiões mais pobres e voltadas ao agronegócio constituindo as mais afetadas em cenários futuros.

Climate change will exacerbate the vulnerability of places and people around the world in the next decades, especially in less developed regions. In this paper, we investigate future scenarios of population vulnerability to climate change for the next 30 years in 66 regions of the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Based upon the Alkire & Foster Index, we integrate simulated and projected dimensions of population vulnerability into a Multidimensional Index, showing how scenarios of temperature change would affect each region's relative vulnerability in the future. Results suggest that economic and health dimensions are the highest contributors to increases in temperature-related vulnerability, with the poorest and agribusiness regions being the most impacted in decades to come.

Resumen En las próximas décadas, el cambio climático exacerbará la vulnerabilidad de las poblaciones alrededor del mundo, especialmente en los países en desarrollo. En este artículo se investigan escenarios hipotéticos futuros de vulnerabilidad frente al cambio climático para los próximos 30 años en 66 microrregiones del estado de Minas Gerais. Sobre la base del Índice de Alkire y Foster, se integran en un indicador multidimensional las dimensiones simuladas y proyectadas de vulnerabilidad poblacional, mostrando cómo los escenarios de cambios de temperatura afectarían la vulnerabilidad relativa de cada región en el futuro. Los resultados sugieren que las dimensiones económica y de salud son las que más contribuyen en el aumento de la vulnerabilidad relacionada con las alteraciones de la temperatura media, y que las regiones más pobres y volcadas al agronegocio constituirán las más afectadas en estos escenarios futuros.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-3098201500000028 2575 downloads

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