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Resumo O conteúdo de dopamina nas estruturas cerebrais tem sido relacionado à excitabilidade neuronal e várias abordagens têm sido utilizadas para estudar este fenômeno durante o período de vulnerabilidade às crises. No presente trabalho, descrevemos os efeitos da depleção de dopamina após a administração de 6-hidroxidopamina (6-OHDA) na região pars compacta da substância negra de ratos submetidos ao modelo de epilepsia com pilocarpina. A susceptibilidade ao estado de mal epiléptico induzido pela pilocarpina, bem como a frequência de crises espontâneas e recorrentes durante o período crônico do modelo foi determinada. Sendo o hipocampo uma das principais estruturas afetadas no desenvolvimento desse modelo experimental de epilepsia, os níveis de dopamina nessa região foram determinados após a administração da droga. No primeiro experimento, 62% (15/24) dos ratos pré-tratados com 6-OHDA e 45% (11/24) daqueles que receberam ácido ascórbico como solução controle evoluíram para crises límbicas motoras e para o estado de mal epiléptico, após a administração de pilocarpina. A gravidade das crises durante o período agudo do modelo foi significativamente maior nos ratos epilépticos experimentais (56,52%) do que nos ratos controle (4,16%). No segundo experimento, não houve diferença significante entre os grupos quanto à frequência de crises na fase crônica do modelo. Nossos dados mostraram que a dopamina pode desempenhar um papel importante na gravidade das crises na fase aguda da pilo, o que parece ser exercido por sua ação inibitória da dopamina sobre a expressão motora das crises.

Abstract The dopamine content in cerebral structures has been related to neuronal excitability and several approaches have been used to study this phenomenon during seizure vulnerability period. In the present work, we describe the effects of dopamine depletion after the administration of 6-hidroxidopamine (6-OHDA) into the substantia nigra pars compacta of male rats submitted to the pilocarpine model of epilepsy. Susceptibility to pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus (SE), as well as spontaneous and recurrent seizures (SRSs) frequency during the chronic period of the model were determined. Since the hippocampus is one of main structures in the development of this experimental model of epilepsy, the dopamine levels in this region were also determined after drug administration. In the first experiment, 62% (15/24) of 6-OHDA pre-treated rats and 45% (11/24) of those receiving ascorbic acid as control solution progressed to motor limbic seizures evolving to SE, after the administration of pilocarpine. Severeness of seizures during the model´s the acute period, was significantly higher in epileptic experimental rats (56.52%), than in controls (4.16%). In the second experiment, the frequency of seizures in the model’s chronic phase did not significantly change between groups. Our data show that dopamine may play an important role on seizure severity in the pilo’s model acute period, which seems to be due to dopamine inhibitory action on motor expression of seizure.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.248411

Multi-Analytical Characterization of Rupestrian Precolonial Paintings of Inhuma, Piauí, Brazil
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Moura, Jacira I. de

; Lage, Maria Conceição S. M.

; Farias Filho, Benedito B.

; Faria, Dalva Lúcia A. de

; Barros, Wilkins O. de

; Loureiro, Hugo C.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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2023, Volume 34 N. 6 Pages 826 - 837

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The chemical-mineralogical characterization of rupestrian paintings in red, white, black and yellow colors, which decorate the rocky walls from the archaeological sites of Ema and Furna dos Índios (Inhuma, Piauí, Brazil) was performed. The chemical analyses were performed in situ by the non-invasive analytical technique X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) as well as in laboratory using a non-destructive approach, without previous sample preparation, and Raman microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) techniques. The results, when together, allowed unequivocal identification of the main substances responsible for the color pigments, namely, hematite (red pigment), gypsum (white pigment), amorphous carbon from charcoal (black pigment) and goethite (yellow pigment).

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20220151

A long fruiting series of Myrcia neoregeliana (Myrtaceae) shows the maintenance of seasonal resource supplies for dispersal by birds Myrtaceae (Myrtaceae
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Gomes, M. T. D.

; Bezerra-Silva, A.

; Morais, D. B. B. A.

; Souza, I. P.

; Lobo, L. S.

; Oliveira, J. C. de

; Menezes, I. S.

; Fonseca, R. B. S.

; Moraes, A. C. S.

; Moura, A. C.

; Funch, L. S.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2023, Volume 83 elocation e275839

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.275839

DETERMINAÇÃO DE FÓSFORO EM PALEOSSEDIMENTOS EMPREGANDO ESPECTROMETRIA DE FLUORESCÊNCIA DE RAIOS-X PORTÁTIL
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Moura, Jacira I. de

; Farias Filho, Benedito B.

; Lage, Maria Conceição S. M.

; Melo, Christian Rilza S. de

; Barros, Wilkins O. de

; Oliveira, Aníbal Gustavo S.

; Carvalho, Luzia Maria S.

Química Nova

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feb 2021, Volume 44 N. 2 Pages 198 - 204

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Phosphorus (P) is an important chemical marker of the past human presence, because, besides indicates the localization of possible archaeological sites, also, contributes to clarify doubts regarding to origin, duration and to specific functions that were developed in them. The present study aimed to obtain a simple, accurate, fast and non-destructible analytical method to determine phosphorus in sediment samples of the Toca da Baixa dos Caboclos archaeological site, an enclave of the Serra da Capivara National Park, Piauí, Brazil. For the proposed method, a portable energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (p-ED-XRF) equipment and cross calibration to sample direct analysis were used. The results show that the concentrations obtained by the proposed method, cross calibration with use of p-ED-XRF, and by the spectrophotometric method were considered statistically equal, when compared by the paired t test (p=0.05). By its turn, the intermediate accuracy and recovery tests showed values in the range of 2.41−3.56% and 85.10-102.66%, respectively.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20170633 126 downloads

Macroscopic and microscopic morphology of the trachea and lungs of giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla)
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Oliveira, Evelyn

; Nascente, Eduardo P.

; Oliveira, Leiny P.

; Santiago Neto, Jair M.

; Roquete, Júlio C.

; Santin, Ana Paula I.

; Moura, Veridiana M.B.D.

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira

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dec 2020, Volume 40 N. 12 Pages 1054 - 1062

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: O tamanduá-bandeira (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) é um mamífero silvestre com distribuição na América Central e do Sul e, atualmente, encontra-se classificado como ameaçado de extinção. Pesquisas acerca dos aspectos macroscópicos e histomorfológicos do seu sistema respiratório são escassas, o que, por vezes, limita o tratamento e o manejo de eventuais animais doentes, bem como a preservação da espécie. Desse modo, o objetivo deste estudo foi descrever a morfologia macroscópica e microscópica do aparelho respiratório inferior do tamanduá-bandeira, incluindo traqueia e pulmões. Para tanto, foram utilizados 12 tamanduás-bandeiras adultos, provenientes do Centro de Triagem de Animais Silvestres de Goiânia (CETAS-GO), Goiás, Brasil, após morte natural ou eutanásia. Destes, três foram utilizados para o estudo macroscópico, sendo fixados em formalina tamponada a 10% e dissecados. Para a análise histomorfológica, amostras teciduais da traqueia e do pulmão foram colhidas de nove animais logo após o óbito, fixadas em formalina tamponada a 10%, processadas, incluídas em parafina e coradas com hematoxilina e eosina (HE), ácido periódico-Schiff (PAS) e tricrômico de Masson. À análise macroscópica notou-se que a traqueia é proporcionalmente curta, apresentando 19 a 27 cartilagens traqueais. O pulmão direito apresenta quatro lobos e o esquerdo dois. À análise microscópica foi constatado epitélio respiratório do tipo pseudoestratificado cilíndrico ciliado, sem células caliciformes evidentes na camada mucosa da traqueia e dos brônquios. A pleura visceral pulmonar é espessa, assim como nos grandes mamíferos domésticos, e, a partir desta, estendem-se septos completos. Conclui-se que a macroscopia e a histomorfologia do sistema respiratório inferior do tamanduá-bandeira, representado pela traqueia e pulmões, são semelhantes àquelas de outros mamíferos domésticos e silvestres. A histomorfologia pulmonar é especialmente semelhante à de suínos e ruminantes, com a pleura visceral espessa e emitindo septos completos de tecido conjuntivo, que conferem arquitetura parenquimal lobular.

ABSTRACT: Giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) is a wild mammal distributed in Central and South America; nowadays, it is classified as an endangered species. Research about the macroscopic and histomorphological aspects of its respiratory tract is scarce, and, sometimes, it limits the treatment provided to sick animals and impairs species preservation. Thus, the present study aims to describe the macroscopic and microscopic morphology of its lower respiratory tract, including trachea and lungs. To do so, 12 adult giant anteaters from “Centro de Triagem de Animais Silvestres de Goiânia” (CETAS-GO), Goiás State, Brazil, were used in the research after natural death or euthanasia. Three of these animals were used for macroscopic assessments; they were fixed in 10% buffered formalin and dissected. Trachea and lung tissue samples were collected from nine animals right after death and fixed in 10% buffered formalin for histomorphological analysis; they were processed, embedded in paraffin, and inked with hematoxylin-eosin (HE), periodic acid-Schiff (PAS), and Masson’s trichrome. The macroscopic analysis showed that the trachea in this species is proportionally short and presents from 19 to 27 tracheal cartilages. The right lung presents four lobes and the left one, two. The microscopic analysis evidenced respiratory epithelium of the ciliated cylindrical pseudostratified type, without evident goblet cells in the mucosa layer of the trachea and bronchi. The pulmonary visceral pleura is thick, similar to other large domestic mammals - complete septa extend from the pulmonary visceral pleura. In conclusion, the macroscopy and histomorphology of giant anteater’s lower respiratory tract, represented by trachea and lungs, are similar to that of other domestic and wild mammals. Pulmonary histomorphology is mainly similar to that of pigs and ruminants: it has thick visceral pleura that emits complete septa of conjunctive tissue, which enable lobular parenchymal architecture.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-6608 402 downloads

Minutifloroside, a New Bis-Iridoid Glucoside with Antifungal and Antioxidant Activities and Other Constituents from Palicourea minutiflora
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Moura, Vagner M. de

; Ribeiro, Marcos A. S.

; Corrêa, José G. S.

; Peixoto, Matheus A.

; Souza, Gredson K.

; Morais, Damila

; Bonfim-Mendonça, Patrícia S.

; Svidzinski, Terezinha I. E.

; Pomini, Armando M.

; Meurer, Eduardo C.

; Santin, Silvana M. O.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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mar 2020, Volume 31 N. 3 Pages 505 - 511

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

A new bis-iridoid glucoside minutifloroside (1) was isolated from Palicourea minutiflora, together with asperuloside, (-)-epicatechin, catechin, quercetin, rutin, ursolic acid, oleanolic acid, daucosterol and two monoterpenic indole alkaloids strictosidinic acid and vincosamine. Structural characterization of the compounds was established on their spectral data basis, mainly mass spectrometry (MS) and 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The bis-iridoid showed high activity against Candida albicans strain and antioxidant activity.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20190209 269 downloads

Clathriamide, an hexapeptide isolated from the marine sponge Clathria (Clathria) nicoleae
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Freire, Vítor F.

; Slivinski, Juliano

; Quintana-Bulla, Jairo I.

; Moraes, Fernando C.

; Paradas, Wladimir C.

; Salgado, Leonardo T.

; Pereira, Renato C.

; Moura, Rodrigo L.

; Amado-Filho, Gilberto M.

; Ferreira, Antonio G.

; Berlinck, Roberto G.S.

Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia

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dec 2019, Volume 29 N. 6 Pages 715 - 719

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Chemical investigation of the aqueous fraction of the ethanol extract from the Brazilian endemic marine sponge Clathria (Clathria) nicoleae Vieira de Barros, Santos & Pinheiro, 2013, Microcionidae, sampled from a 55 m deep rhodolith bed at the Amazon River mouth, led to the isolation of a new hexapeptide, clathriamide (1). HP-20 resin was used to capture compound 1 from the aqueous fraction, which was purified by additional chromatographic steps. The absolute configuration of the amino acids of 1 was determined by advanced Marfey's analysis using 5-fluoro-2,4-dinitrophenyl-Nα-L-tryptophanamide. The amino acid derivatives analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to a mass spectrometry using a C8 column enabled a good chromatographic resolution of L-Ile and L-allo-Ile, previously unfeasible using C18 column.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjp.2019.07.001 388 downloads

Toxicity of synthetic flavorings, nature identical and artificial, to hematopoietic tissue cells of rodents
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Sales, I. M. S.

; Silva, J. M.

; Moura, E. S. R.

; Alves, F. D. S.

; Silva, F. C. C.

; Sousa, J. M. C.

; Peron, A. P.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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may 2018, Volume 78 N. 2 Pages 306 - 310

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Os aromatizantes são essenciais para a indústria na confecção de alimentos industrializados. Porém, pouco se sabe sobre o potencial tóxico desses microingredientes alimentares. Dessa forma, objetivou-se neste trabalho analisar, em células de medula óssea de camundongos, a citotoxicidade, genotoxicidade e mutagenicidade de aromatizantes alimentares sintéticos idênticos ao natural, de maracujá e morango, e artificiais, de baunilha, chocolate, tutti-frutti e biscoito, nas doses 0,5; 1,0; 2,0; 5,0 e 10,0 mL/Kg. Os aditivos foram administrados aos animais via gavagem em aplicação diária única durante sete dias. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos ao procedimento estatístico ANOVA com pós teste de Tukey, com p < 0.05. Os animais tratados com 2,0; 5,0 e 10,0 mL/Kg dos aromatizantes de chocolate, morango e biscoito, e 5,0 e 10,0 mL/Kg dos aromatizantes de baunilha e maracujá vieram a óbito no quinto e sexto dia de experimento, respectivamente. As doses 0,5 e 1,0 mL/Kg dos seis aditivos reduziram significativamente a eritropoiese do tecido analisado. Ainda, os tratamentos 0,5 e 1,0 mL/kg de chocolate, e 1,0 mL/Kg de morango e biscoito induziram a formação de micronúcleos aos eritrócitos de medula em frequência significante. Portanto, nas condições de estudo estabelecidas, os seis microingredientes analisados foram citotóxico e genotóxicos, e os aditivos de morango, chocolate e biscoito também foram mutagênicos em pelo menos uma das doses avaliadas.

Abstract The goal of this study was to analyze cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and mutagenicity to bone marrow cells of mice of nature identical synthetic flavorings, passion fruit and strawberry, and artificial synthetic flavorings, vanilla, chocolate, tutti-frutti and cookie, at doses 0.5; 1.0; 2.0; 5.0 and 10.0 mL/kg. The additives were given to the animals by gavage in a single daily application for seven days. Data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by post Tukey’s post hoc test, p <0.05. Animals treated with 2.0; 5.0 and 10.0 mL/Kg of flavorings chocolate, strawberry and cookie, and 5.0 and 10.0 mL/Kg of flavorings vanilla and passion fruit died on the fifth and sixth day of the experiment, respectively. The doses 0.5 and 1.0 mL/Kg of the six additives significantly reduced erythropoiesis in the examined tissue. Also, treatments 0.5 and 1.0 mL/Kg of chocolate, and 1.0 mL/Kg of strawberry and biscuit induced the formation of micronuclei in the bone marrow erythrocytes, at a significant frequency. Therefore, under the study conditions, the six microingredients analyzed were cytotoxic and genotoxic, and additives strawberry, chocolate and cookie were also mutagenic in at least one of the evaluated doses.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.07716 3799 downloads

Simplified recovery process of Ralstonia solanacearum-synthesized polyhydroxyalkanoates via chemical extraction complemented by liquid-liquid phase separation
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Macagnan, Karine L.

; Rodrigues, Amanda A.

; Alves, Mariane I.

; Furlan, Lígia

; Kesserlingh, Sônia M.

; Moura, Andréa B.

; Oliveira, Patrícia D. de

; McBride, Alan J. A.

; Moreira, Angelita da S.

; Vendruscolo, Claire T.

Química Nova

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feb 2017, Volume 40 N. 2 Pages 125 - 130

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Poly (3-hydroxybutyrate) (P(3HB)) is the most studied thermoplastic biopolymer belonging to the polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) family, the main features of which include rapid biodegradability and biocompatibility. The bioplastic recovery process is an important step during production and can directly influence the characteristics of PHAs. However, more efficient methods for the production of P(3HB) are necessary to make it economically viable. The aim of the present study was to improve the standard, chloroform-based, extraction step for the recovery of P(3HB). The polymer was produced using a Ralstonia solanacearum strain. The following parameters were improved in the recovery process: heating time, separation method (filtration or liquid-liquid phase separation), biomass state (fresh or dry cell concentrate) and the solvent:biomass ratio. By improving the chemical extraction of P(3HB) we recovered 98% of the cumulative polymer and reduced the heating time by 75%. Furthermore, we improved the separation process and developed an extraction solution that was faster and more economical.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20160162 2493 downloads

10.

O papel terapêutico do Programa Farmácia Viva e das plantas medicinais
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PEREIRA, J. B. A.

; RODRIGUES, M. M.

; MORAIS, I. R.

; VIEIRA, C. R. S.

; SAMPAIO, J. P. M.

; MOURA, M. G.

; DAMASCENO, M. F. M.

; SILVA, J. N.

; CALOU, I. B. F.

; DEUS, F. A.

; PERON, A. P

; ABREU, M. C.

; MILITÃO, G. C. G.

; FERREIRA, P. M. P.

Revista Brasileira de Plantas Medicinais

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dec 2015, Volume 17 N. 4 Pages 550 - 561

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMOEste trabalho realizou um levantamento sobre o uso de plantas medicinais na cidade de Picos-PI, identificou as plantas cultivadas no horto pertencente ao Laboratório Fitoterápico de Picos (LAFIPI), e analisou o uso de fitoterápicos dispensados pelo Programa Farmácia Viva no triênio 2008-2010. Do total dos 750 entrevistados, 37,6% foram homens e 62,4 % mulheres, dentre os quais a maioria não concluiu o segundo grau (69,2%) e 77,2% possuíam renda mensal de até dois salários mínimos. Com relação ao consumo de plantas medicinais, 76,3% afirmaram utilizá-las para tratar doenças, principalmente por considerá-las mais saudáveis (84,8%). A indicação do uso foi orientada, sobretudo, por familiares (82,2%), embora a maioria adquira as plantas em feiras livres (32,8%). Das 127 plantas relatadas, as mais citadas foram erva-cidreira, boldo e hortelã, sendo as folhas a parte mais utilizada (42,3%), predominantemente por infusão (39,4%). As aplicações mais lembradas foram para tratar dores em geral (17%), distúrbios respiratórios (16,5%) e digestivos (16%). As espécies mais cultivadas no horto são chambá (Justicia pectoralis), alecrim pimenta (Lippia sidoides), malva santa (Plectranthus barbatus) e erva cidreira (Lippia alba). O lambedor de chambá foi o fitoterápico mais procurado pela população entre 2008 e 2010. Esse estudo descreveu, pela primeira vez, o uso tradicional de plantas medicinais no município de Picos e demonstrou, também de forma inédita, a relevância de investimentos do Programa Farmácia Viva no município de Picos e sua inclusão no Programa Saúde da Família como forma de disponibilizar à população de baixa renda fitoterápicos produzidos localmente a custos reduzidos.

ABSTRACTThis study performed a research about the use of medicinal plants in Picos city, identifying the plants grown in the garden belonging to the Laboratory of Phytotherapics in Picos (LAFIPI) and analying the use of phytotherapics distributed by the Farmácia Viva Project between 2008-2010. From the total of 750 interviewed participants, 37.6% were men and 62.4 % women. Most of them do not have secondary education (69.2%) and 77.2% had an income of up until two minimum wages. Regarding consumption of medicinal plants, 76.3 % used them to treat diseases, mainly because they considered them to be healthier (84.8%). The indication of use of the plants was mainly suggested by relatives (82.2%), even though the majority of the participants acquires plants in open markets (32.8%). From the 127 plants mentioned, the most cited ones were balm, boldo and mint, and leaves were the most utilized parts (42.3%), predominantly by infusion (39.4%). The most common reasons for the usewere to treat pain in general (17%), and respiratory (16.5%) and digestive disorders (16%). The most cultivated species in the garden were chambá (Justicia pectoralis), alecrim pimenta (Lippia sidoides), malva santa (Plectranthus barbatus) and erva cidreira (Lippia alba). The "chambá licker" was the most herbal medicine searched by the population between 2008 and 2010. This investigation described, for the first time, the traditional use of medicinal plants in Picos and demonstrated,alsounprecedentedly, the relevance of investments in the Farmácia Viva Project in Picos city and its inclusion in the Family Health Program as a strategyin order to provide locally producedphytotherapics for low-income population at low costs.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-084X/14_008 18677 downloads

11.

Toxicidade reprodutiva do extrato hidroalcóolico de Samanea tubulosa Benth em ratas wistar
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SALES, P. A. B

; OLIVEIRA, J. M. G.

; MOURA, E. R.

; SOUSA, M. R. S. C.

; SILVA, I. R.

; COSTA, T. N.

; COSTA, A. P. R.

Revista Brasileira de Plantas Medicinais

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dec 2015, Volume 17 N. 4 Pages 599 - 603

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMOO objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar possíveis efeitos do extrato das vargens de bordão-de-velho (Samanea tubulosa benth) sobre a reprodução em ratas Wistar. O extrato foi preparado a partir da secagem e trituração das vagens, seguida por maceração com etanol e, posteriormente, concentrado em rotavapor. Ratas Wistar gestantes foram tratadas com 75 mg.100 g-1 de peso corporal de extrato de S. tubulosa e o grupo controle recebeu 1ml/100 g-1 de peso corporal de solução salina por gavagem durante 19 dias. Após eutanásia no 20º dia, as seguintes variáveis foram analisadas: peso corporal fetal, peso dos fetos e placentas, número de corpos lúteos e de reabsorções, implantação, fetos vivos e mortos. O extrato de vagens de S. tubulosa apresenta toxicidade para o feto causando malformações, reabsorções fetais e diminuição pronunciada do peso ao nascer. Contudo, o extrato de vagens de S. tubulosanão influencia no número de corpos lúteos e número de implantações.

ABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to evaluate possible effects of pods from bordão-de-velho (Samanea tubulosa benth) extract on the reproduction of female rats.The extract was prepared by maceration wtith ethanol of dried and crushed pods, then it was concentrated in rotary evaporator. The pregnant Wistar rats were treated with a dose of 75 mg.100 g-1of body weight of Samanea tubulosa extract, by gavage , whereas the control group received 1ml.100g-1of saline by the same route for 19 days. After the euthanasia of the animals at day 20th,the following variables were analyzed: fetal body weight, weight of fetuses and placentas, number of corpora lutea, resorption points, live and dead fetuses and number of embryonic implantations. The extract from S. tubulosa pods, at the dose studied, showed toxicity causing fetal abnormalities, fetal resorption and pronounced decrease in the weight of offspring at birth. On the other hand, , the treatment with extract of S.tubulosa pods had no influence over corpora lutea and implantation numbers.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-084X/13_092 2393 downloads

12.

GERMINAÇÃO DE SEMENTES DE CAPIM-ARROZ SUBMETIDAS A CONDIÇÕES DE LUZ E TEMPERATURA
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BASTIANI, M. O.

; LAMEGO, F. P.

; NUNES, J. P.

; MOURA, D. S.

; WICKERT, R. J.

; OLIVEIRA, J. I.

Planta Daninha

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sep 2015, Volume 33 N. 3 Pages 395 - 404

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMOO objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos da temperatura e da luz na germinação de sementes de capim-arroz, em diferentes períodos de armazenamento após a dispersão. O trabalho foi dividido em dois estudos: no primeiro avaliou-se o efeito de três temperaturas (15, 25 e 35 oC) e duas condições de luz (presença e ausência) na porcentagem de germinação, comprimento de hipocótilo e comprimento de radícula; e, no segundo, avaliouse o efeito de três temperaturas (15, 25 e 35 oC) no índice de velocidade de germinação e na velocidade de germinação. As sementes foram coletadas em campo logo após o início da dispersão natural. Os estudos foram conduzidos aos 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 210, 240, 270, 300, 330 e 360 dias após a colheita das sementes. Aos 30 dias após a colheita não houve germinação, independentemente das condições de luz e temperatura. A partir de 60 dias após a colheita, as sementes germinaram tanto na presença quanto na ausência de luz. A ausência de luz promoveu o aumento no comprimento de hipocótilo, independentemente da temperatura. Sob condição de temperatura de 15 oC e ausência de luz, as sementes apresentaram maior comprimento de radícula. O incremento da temperatura proporcionou aumento no índice de velocidade de germinação e na velocidade de germinação das sementes. O entendimento dos fatores que afetam a germinação do capim-arroz contribui para o desenvolvimento de práticas de manejo cultural dessa importante espécie daninha que interfere em algumas culturas, incluindo a soja cultivada em rotação com o arroz irrigado.

ABSTRACTThe objective of this research was to evaluate the effects of temperature and light on germination of barnyardgrass in different periods of seed storage after dispersal. The research was divided into two studies: in the first it was evaluated the effect of three temperatures (15, 25 and 35 °C) and two light conditions (presence and absence), on germination percentage, hypocotyl length and radicle length; and, in the second, it was evaluated the effect of three temperatures (15, 25 and 35 oC) on the germination speed index and germination speed. The seeds were collected in the field shortly after the start of natural seed dispersal. The studies were performed at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 210, 240, 270, 300, 330 and 360 days after seed harvest. At 30 days after seed harvest, there was no germination regardless of light conditions and temperature. At 60 days after seed harvest, the seeds germinated both in the presence and absence of light. The absence of light increased hypocotyl length, regardless of temperature. Under 15 oC temperature condition and absence of light, the seeds showed higher radicle length. The increase in temperature caused an increase on the germination speed index and germination speed of the seeds. The knowledge of factors that affect barnyardgrass germination contribute to develop crop management practices of this important weed that interferes in some crops, including the soybean grown in rotation with rice paddy.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-83582015000300002 1984 downloads

13.

Avaliação de argilas pura e impregnada com SnO2 como catalisador para a produção de biodiesel
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Neris, A. M.

; Araújo, D.

; Cavalcante, Y.

; Farias, A. F. F

; Moura, K. F.

; Cutrin, A. A.

; Nascimento, J. D. S. S.

; Longo, E.

; Souza, A. G.

; Santos, I. M. G.

Cerâmica

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sep 2015, Volume 61 N. 359 Pages 323 - 327

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

ResumoA versatilidade de materiais naturais como as argilas tem chamado a atenção para a sua aplicação em estudos científicos. Neste trabalho foi avaliado o enriquecimento dessas propriedades com a impregnação de SnO2 na superfície desse material, e seu comportamento como catalisador para a reação de transesterificação de óleo de soja. Para isso, uma bentonita foi selecionada, considerando os valores de capacidade de troca catiônica e teor de quartzo. A bentonita foi utilizada na forma pura e impregnada com SnO2 por dois métodos: solvotermal assistido por micro-ondas e Pechini modificado. Para avaliar a eficiência da impregnação, foram realizadas algumas caracterizações, como difração de raios X, adsorção de N2 e microscopia eletrônica de varredura, que mostraram uma melhor dispersão do SnO2no suporte utilizando o método Pechini modificado, o qual também apresentou melhor eficiência no teste catalítico para obtenção de biodiesel, reduzindo em 41,3% a viscosidade do óleo utilizado.

AbstractThe versatility of natural materials such as clays has drawn attention for their application in scientific studies. This study evaluated the enrichment of these properties with the impregnation of SnO2 on the surface of the material and its behavior as a catalyst for the transesterification of soybean oil. With this purpose, a bentonite was selected considering the values of cation exchange capacity and quartz content. The bentonite has been used in the pure form and impregnated with SnO2 by two methods: the microwave-assisted solvothermal and the modified Pechini. Impregnation efficiency was evaluated by X-ray diffraction, N2 adsorption and scanning electron microscopy, which showed a better dispersion of the SnO2 when the modified Pechini method was used, and also showed higher efficiency for the catalytic production of biodiesel, reducing by 41.3% the viscosity of the used oil.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0366-69132015613591910 2000 downloads

14.

Micro RNA expression and prognosis in low-grade non-invasive urothelial carcinoma
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Dip, Nelson

; Reis, Sabrina T.

; Abe, Daniel K.

; Viana, Nayara I.

; Morais, Denis R.

; Moura, Caio M.

; Katz, Betina

; Silva, Iran A.

; Srougi, Miguel

; Leite, Katia R. M.

International braz j urol

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oct 2014, Volume 40 N. 5 Pages 644 - 649

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Purpose To analyze a possible correlation between a miRNA expression profile and important prognostic factors for pTa urothelial carcinomas (UC), including tumor size, multiplicity and episodes of recurrence. Materials and Methods Thirty low-grade non-invasive pTa bladder UC from patients submitted to transurethral resection were studied, in a mean follow-up of 17.7 months. As controls, we used normal bladder tissue from five patients submitted to retropubic prostatectomy to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia. Extraction, cDNA and amplification were performed for 14 miRNAs (miR-100, -10a, -21, -205, -let7c, -143, -145, -221, -223, -15a, -16, -199a and -452) using specific kits, and RNU-43 and -48 were used as endogenous controls. Statistical tests were used to compare tumor size, multiplicity and episodes of recurrence with miRNAs expression profiles. Results There was a marginal correlation between multiplicity and miR-let7c over-expression. For all others miRNA no correlation between their expression and prognostic factors was found. Conclusion We did not find differences for miRNAs expression profiles associated with prognostic factors in tumor group studied. The majority of miRNAs are down-regulated, except miR-10a, over-expressed in most of cases, seeming to have increased levels in tumor with more unfavorable prognostic factors. More studies are needed in order to find a miRNA profile able to provide prognosis in pTa UC to be used in clinical practice.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2014.05.09 1118 downloads

15.

Central auditory processing outcome after stroke in children
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Elias, Karla M. I. Freiria

; Oliveira, Carolina Camargo

; Airoldi, Marina Junqueira

; Franco, Katia Maria D.

; Rodrigues, Sônia das Dores

; Ciasca, Sylvia Maria

; Moura-Ribeiro, Maria Valeriana L.

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria

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sep 2014, Volume 72 N. 9 Pages 680 - 686

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Objetivo Investigar as habilidades de processamento auditivo central em crianças com acidente vascular cerebral (AVC) unilateral e verificar se o hemisfério cerebral afetado influiu na competência auditiva. Método 23 crianças (13 meninos) entre 7 e 16 anos foram avaliados através dos testes de fala com ruído (fechamento auditivo); dicótico de dígitos e de dissílabos alternados (atenção seletiva); padrão temporal de frequência e duração (processamento temporal) e seus resultados comparados aos de crianças controles. A competência auditiva foi estabelecida segundo o desempenho na habilidade de análise auditiva. Resultados Foi constatado desempenho similar entre os grupos na habilidade de fechamento auditivo e défices acentuados nas habilidades de atenção seletiva e processamento temporal. A maioria das crianças com AVC apresentou comprometimento da habilidade auditiva em grau moderado. Conclusão Crianças com AVC apresentaram alterações do processamento auditivo e o grau do comprometimento não se relacionou com o hemisfério afetado pela lesão.

Objective To investigate central auditory processing in children with unilateral stroke and to verify whether the hemisphere affected by the lesion influenced auditory competence. Method 23 children (13 male) between 7 and 16 years old were evaluated through speech-in-noise tests (auditory closure); dichotic digit test and staggered spondaic word test (selective attention); pitch pattern and duration pattern sequence tests (temporal processing) and their results were compared with control children. Auditory competence was established according to the performance in auditory analysis ability. Results Was verified similar performance between groups in auditory closure ability and pronounced deficits in selective attention and temporal processing abilities. Most children with stroke showed an impaired auditory ability in a moderate degree. Conclusion Children with stroke showed deficits in auditory processing and the degree of impairment was not related to the hemisphere affected by the lesion.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0004-282X20140107 2398 downloads

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