RESUMO: Objetivou-se com este estudo verificar a eficiência do 1,4-dimetilnaftaleno na supressão da brotação e a consequente manutenção da qualidade de tubérculos de batata das cultivares Asterix e Challenger, em diferentes temperaturas e tempos de armazenamento. Foram testados seis tratamentos, com e sem 1,4-DNM, nas temperaturas de 8 °C e 20 °C. As avaliações foram feitas aos 0, 45, 90, 135 e 180 dias após a aplicação. Os parâmetros avaliados foram: número de brotos, teores de açúcares solúveis totais, teores de açúcares redutores, e não redutores, e coloração dos palitos de batata após a fritura. Os efeitos do 1,4-DMN no controle da qualidade das batatas resultaram no controle da brotação e em menores teores de açúcares solúveis totais e de açúcares redutores, sobretudo na cultivar Challenger e à temperatura de 20 ºC.

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to verify the efficiency of 1,4-dimethylnapthalene in suppressing sprouting and the consequent maintenance of the quality of potato tubers of Asterix and Challenger cultivars, at different temperatures and storage regimes. Six treatments were tested, with and without 1.4-DNM, at temperatures of 8 ° C and 20 ° C. Assessments were made at 0, 45, 90, 135 and 180 days after application. The parameters evaluated were: number of sprouts, levels of total soluble sugars, levels of reducing and non-reducing sugars and coloration of potato strips after frying. The effects of 1.4-DMN on the quality control of potatoes resulted in sprout control and lower levels of total soluble sugars and reducing sugars, especially in the Challenger cultivar and at a temperature of 20 ºC.

Abstract This work aimed to analyze 1,4-DMN efficiency in the suppression of sprouting and the consequent maintenance of quality in potato tubers of Asterix and Challenger cultivars stored during different periods under varying temperatures: eight treatments with and without 1,4-DMN under temperatures of 8 °C and 20 °C. Treatments effect were evaluated after 0, 45, 90, 135 and 180 days after application. The evaluated parameters were the loss of fresh mass, length of the sprouts and activity of the enzymes polyphenoloxidase and peroxidase. The results indicate that the application of 1,4-DMN reduces the loss of fresh mass, this effect was more intense for the cultivar Challenger, at 8 °C. There were also significant effects in reducing the average length of the sprouts for both cultivars evaluated, after 180 days, at 20 °C. There was little or no difference in the level of oxidative stress caused in the tubers. Hence, the effects of 1,4-DMN on the quality control of potatoes included reduced loss of fresh mass and a shorter average length of sprouts for both cultivars evaluated compared to control, for both temperatures. These effects intensify in the cultivar Challenger and treatments with temperatures of 20 °C.

ABSTRACT. Excoriation damage is among the major causes of postharvest potato losses. Curing is known to increase the resistance of tubers to excoriation injury, with the temperature influencing the traumatic phellogen and periderm regeneration, as well as tuber processing quality. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of excoriation procedure and curing temperature on the industrial quality, histological characteristics, carbohydrate metabolism, and oxidative enzyme activity of potato tuber. Tubers with or without excoriation were cured at 8, 14, and 20°C for 15 days. Excoriation did not influence the levels of reducing sugars (RS), as well as polyphenoloxidase (PPO) and peroxidase (POD) activities. The concentrations of total soluble sugars (TSS) and non-reducing sugars (NRS) were higher in injured tubers, while reduction in curing temperature increased the concentrations of TSS, NRS, and RS. However, the sugar content was adequate as per the criteria of the pre-fried potato industry and potatoes classified in category 2 (USDA/fast-food industry color grading). The reduction in curing temperature also increased the activity of POD, despite the activity of PPO remaining unchanged. Formation of a closure layer from the outer parenchyma cells of the tuber that prevents desiccation and death of superficial cells, was observed. This protection was completed with the formation of the damage periderm. Periderm regeneration is faster at higher temperatures, 15 and 20°C, leading to a lower fresh mass loss and no enzymatic or non-enzymatic browning. The excoriation carried out at 14/20oC for 15 days was sufficient for curing, and for maintaining suitable post-fry quality of potatoes.

Abstract The objective of this study was to determine the storage efficiency and reconditioning of potato cv. Innovator for processing. Tubers were stored at 6, 7 and 8 °C in the dark for 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 days and reconditioned at 15 °C for 15 days. TRS and RS were reduced as storage temperature increased from 6 + 15 °C to 8 + 15 °C. Regardless of temperature and storage time, sugar contents were suitable for industry; however non-enzymatic browning remained in category 2 for up to 60, 90 and 150 days in tubers stored at 6 + 15 °C, 7 + 15 °C and 8 + 15 °C, respectively. Starch was influenced by storage time, despite the absence of temperature effect. Regardless of the temperature, sprouting started at 90 days, but the growth of shoots was directly proportional to the increase in temperature. The PPO and POD increased at the beginning of storage but did not cause darkening before the frying. Reduction in storage temperature followed by reconditioning did not delay the onset of sprouting, but reduced the size of sprouts, maintained adequate sugar levels, however it promoted non-enzymatic browning.

RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar a incidência de hemoglobinas variantes em diferentes regiões de saúde. Métodos Estudo descritivo, observacional e transversal com abordagem quantitativa baseada em dados secundários presentes nos registros internos do serviço de triagem neonatal do Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública do Estado do Piauí (PI, Brasil). Foram analisadas as variáveis referentes a sexo, etnia e diagnóstico positivo para hemoglobinas variantes, com posterior distribuição populacional das hemoglobinopatias entre as macrorregiões do Estado. Resultados Foram analisadas 69.180 amostras de recém-nascidos, e 3.747 diagnosticados com hemoglobinopatias, entre 1° de fevereiro de 2014 e 31 de dezembro de 2015. Constatou-se maior ocorrência do traço falciforme em 4,1% da amostra e da hemoglobinopatia C em 0,9%, com destaque para os casos de hemoglobina S em homozigose (0,1%) e ausência de hemoglobinopatia D no Estado. Destacou-se, ainda, o fato de as maiores frequências de alteração hemoglobínica do Piauí estarem presentes em recém-nascidos do sexo masculino (49,8%) e de etnia parda (38,5%). As regiões do Piauí que apresentaram as maiores incidências de hemoglobinas variantes em heterozigose foram Tabuleiros do Alto Parnaíba e Vale do Sambito, devendo-se ressaltar a relevância populacional da região Entre Rios. Conclusão Os programas de triagem neonatal são importantes para rastreamento, orientação de ações de saúde e acompanhamento de famílias acometidas com hemoglobinopatias, a fim de diminuir a morbimortalidade provocada por estas patologias.

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the incidence of variant hemoglobins in different health regions. Methods A descriptive, observational, and cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach based on secondary data in the internal records of the neonatal screening service - Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública do Estado do Piauí (PI, Brazil). The variables related to sex, ethnicity and positive diagnosis for variant hemoglobins were analyzed, with further population distribution of hemoglobinopathies among the macroregions of the state. Results A total of 69,180 samples of newborns were analyzed, and 3,747 were diagnosed as hemoglobinopathies, from February 1st, 2014 and December 31st, 2015. Sickle cell trait was the most frequent (4.1%), followed by hemoglobinopathy C in 0.9%; homozygous hemoglobin S cases 0.1% stood out and there were no cases of hemoglobinopathy D in the state. It is also worth noting that the highest frequencies of hemoglobin alterations in Piauí were in males (49.8%) and of parda skin color (38.5%). The region of Piauí presenting the highest incidence of heteroygous variant hemoglobins was Tabuleiros do Alto Parnaíba and Vale do Sambito, due to importance of the region's population Entre Rios. Conclusion Neonatal screening programs are important for screening, orientations regarding health actions and monitoring of families with hemoglobinopathies, in order to reduce morbidity and mortality rates.

Este trabalho objetivou determinar os fatores preditores da mortalidade neonatal utilizando modelagem hierarquizada. Trata-se de estudo caso-controle, com 132 casos e 264 controles. Foram considerados casos os recém-nascidos que morreram antes de completar 28 dias, e os controles os sobreviventes, nascidos e filhos de mães residentes em Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil. O modelo de análise de regressão logística hierarquizada identificou fatores associados ao óbito neonatal: raça materna com efeito protetor para raça parda/negra (OR = 0,23; IC95%: 0,09-0,56), tempo gasto entre o deslocamento de casa ao hospital > 30 minutos (OR = 3,12; IC95%: 1,34-7,25), tempo < 1h ou > 10h entre a internação e o parto (OR = 2,43; IC95%: 1,24-4,76) e pré-natal inadequado (OR = 2,03; IC95%: 1,03-3,99), baixo peso ao nascer (OR = 14,75; IC95%: 5,26-41,35), prematuridade (OR = 3,41; IC95%: 1,29-8,98) e sexo masculino (OR = 2,09; IC95%: 1,09-4,03). Nessa casuística, as mortes neonatais foram associadas à qualidade da assistência pré-natal e da assistência direta ao trabalho de parto.

This case-control study with 132 cases and 264 controls aimed to determine predictors of neonatal mortality using hierarchical modeling. Cases were defined as newborns that died within 28 days of birth, and controls as the survivors, among infants of mothers living in Fortaleza, Ceará State, Brazil. Hierarchical logistic regression identified factors associated with neonatal death: maternal race, with brown/black race showing a protective effect (OR = 0.23; IC95%: 0.09-0.56), time spent from home to the hospital > 30 minutes (OR = 3.12; 95%CI: 1.34-7.25), time < 1h or > 10 hours between hospital admission and delivery (OR = 2.43; 95%CI: 1.24-4.76), inadequate prenatal care (OR = 2.03; 95%CI: 1.03-3.99), low birth weight (OR = 14.75; 95%CI: 5.26-41.35), prematurity (OR = 3.41; 95%CI: 1.29-8.98), and male gender (OR = 2.09; 95%CI: 1.09-4.03). In this case series, neonatal deaths were associated with the quality of prenatal care and direct care during labor.

Este trabalho objetivou determinar os fatores preditores da mortalidade neonatal utilizando modelagem hierarquizada. Trata-se de estudo caso-controle, com 132 casos e 264 controles. Foram considerados casos os recém-nascidos que morreram antes de completar 28 dias, e os controles os sobreviventes, nascidos e filhos de mães residentes em Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil. O modelo de análise de regressão logística hierarquizada identificou fatores associados ao óbito neonatal: raça materna com efeito protetor para raça parda/negra (OR = 0,23; IC95%: 0,09-0,56), tempo gasto entre o deslocamento de casa ao hospital > 30 minutos (OR = 3,12; IC95%: 1,34-7,25), tempo < 1h ou > 10h entre a internação e o parto (OR = 2,43; IC95%: 1,24-4,76) e pré-natal inadequado (OR = 2,03; IC95%: 1,03-3,99), baixo peso ao nascer (OR = 14,75; IC95%: 5,26-41,35), prematuridade (OR = 3,41; IC95%: 1,29-8,98) e sexo masculino (OR = 2,09; IC95%: 1,09-4,03). Nessa casuística, as mortes neonatais foram associadas à qualidade da assistência pré-natal e da assistência direta ao trabalho de parto.

This case-control study with 132 cases and 264 controls aimed to determine predictors of neonatal mortality using hierarchical modeling. Cases were defined as newborns that died within 28 days of birth, and controls as the survivors, among infants of mothers living in Fortaleza, Ceará State, Brazil. Hierarchical logistic regression identified factors associated with neonatal death: maternal race, with brown/black race showing a protective effect (OR = 0.23; IC95%: 0.09-0.56), time spent from home to the hospital > 30 minutes (OR = 3.12; 95%CI: 1.34-7.25), time < 1h or > 10 hours between hospital admission and delivery (OR = 2.43; 95%CI: 1.24-4.76), inadequate prenatal care (OR = 2.03; 95%CI: 1.03-3.99), low birth weight (OR = 14.75; 95%CI: 5.26-41.35), prematurity (OR = 3.41; 95%CI: 1.29-8.98), and male gender (OR = 2.09; 95%CI: 1.09-4.03). In this case series, neonatal deaths were associated with the quality of prenatal care and direct care during labor.