RESUMO A brusone causada pelo patógeno Magnaporthe oryzae é a principal doença do arroz, e pode causar perdas devastadoras. Objetivou-se investigar o perfil de compostos voláteis da micorriza Waitea circinata no antagonismo a M. oryzae, em diferentes períodos e temperaturas, utilizando-se delineamento inteiramente casualizado. Compostos orgânicos voláteis foram extraídos por micro extração em fase sólida, no modo headspace, e analisados por cromatografia gasosa acoplada a espectrometria de massas, enquanto o escalonamento multidimensional foi usado para comparar os compostos orgânicos voláteis produzidos. Os principais compostos responsáveis pelo antagonismo a M. oryzae foram longifoleno, trans-β-farneseno, (Z)-α-bisaboleno e δ-amorfeno, que podem ser usados como biofungicidas e incorporados às estratégias de manejo da brusone do arroz. arroz devastadoras Objetivouse Objetivou se M temperaturas utilizandose utilizando casualizado sólida headspace massas produzidos longifoleno transβfarneseno, transβfarneseno trans β farneseno, farneseno trans-β-farneseno Zαbisaboleno Z α bisaboleno δamorfeno, δamorfeno δ amorfeno, amorfeno δ-amorfeno

ABSTRACT Rice blast caused by the Magnaporthe oryzae pathogen is a major disease in this crop, and may cause devastating losses. This study aimed to investigate the profile of Waitea circinata mycorrhiza volatile compounds in antagonism to M. oryzae, under different growth periods and temperatures, using a completely randomized design. Volatile organic compounds were extracted by headspace solid phase microextraction and analyzed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry, while multidimensional scaling was used to compare the produced volatile organic compounds. The main compounds responsible by the antagonism to M. oryzae were longifolene, trans-β-farnesene, (Z)-α-bisabolene and δ-amorphene, which can be used as biofungicides and incorporated into rice blast management strategies. crop losses M temperatures design spectrometry longifolene transβfarnesene, transβfarnesene trans β farnesene, farnesene trans-β-farnesene Zαbisabolene Z α bisabolene δamorphene, δamorphene δ amorphene, amorphene δ-amorphene strategies

Resumo O objetivo do artigo é avaliar a evolução recente do acesso da população brasileira à educação superior assim como o perfil dos estudantes tendo em vista o conjunto de políticas públicas direcionadas para a educação superior. Os dados mostram que, de 2001 a 2015, houve ampliação da representatividade dos negros, do número de estudantes em Unidades da Federação fora do eixo Sul-Sudeste-Brasília e do percentual de estudantes de renda baixa. Adicionalmente, busca-se mostrar que esse processo de inclusão pode estar ameaçado por políticas de austeridade, em especial a Emenda Constitucional 95.

Abstract The objective of this paper is to evaluate the recent evolution of the access of the Brazilian population to higher education as well as the profile of students considering a set of public policies directed to higher education. The data show that, from 2001 to 2015, there was an increase in the representation of black students, as well as an increase in the number of students in Federation Units outside the South-Southeast-Brasilia axis and the percentage of low-income students. Additionally, the article discusses that the process of inclusion may be threatened by austerity policies, especially the Constitutional Amendment 95.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Multiple opinion-based communications have highlighted the actions of the Brazilian government during the pandemic. Nevertheless, none have appraised public data to identify factors associated with worsening of the healthcare system. OBJECTIVE: To analyze and collate data from public health and treasury information systems in order to understand the escalating process of weakening of Brazilian healthcare and welfare since the beginning of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic. DESIGN AND SETTING: Secondary data study conducted using multiple public databases administered by the Brazilian federal government. METHODS: We processed information from multiple national databases and appraised health and economic-related data. RESULTS: Based on our analyses, there were substantial reductions in inpatient hospital admissions and in the numbers of patients seeking primary care services, along with a decrease in immunization coverage. Moreover, we observed a considerable decline in government transfers to hospital services (reduction of 82.0%) and a diminution of public outlays in several healthcare-related subfunctions (“hospital and outpatient care”, “primary care”, “prophylactic and therapeutic support” and “epidemiological surveillance”). We observed an increase in the overall mortality rate over the period analyzed, especially regarding all group-based diseases. Notably, there were remarkable differences among geographic, racial, gender and other parameters, thus revealing the impact of vulnerabilities on COVID-19 outcomes. CONCLUSION: This assessment of documentation of public expenditure and the shrinkage of investment in sensitive areas of the healthcare system in Brazil emphasized areas that still require collective attention in order to guarantee national welfare.

Em uma perspectiva multidimensional quanto à desigualdade, o artigo objetiva verificar se a literatura e as bases de dados comumente utilizadas permitem identificar uma democratização do acesso à educação superior entre 2001 e 2015 e se há alguma lacuna nos estudos que analisam o perfil dos estudantes de graduação no período. O artigo é composto por introdução, revisão da literatura, panorama dos principais bancos de dados e pesquisas realizadas sobre o perfil dos estudantes e finaliza identificando possíveis lacunas e agendas de pesquisa futuras. Conclui-se que a literatura aponta uma democratização do perfil dos estudantes, mas falta uma comparação anual dos estudantes do setor público e privado conjuntamente quanto a cor/raça, renda e região, que poderia ser construída a partir da PNAD.

In a multidimensional perspective regarding inequality, the article aims to verify whether the literature and commonly used databases allow to identify a democratization of access to higher education between 2001 and 2015 and if there is any gap in the studies that analyze the profile of undergraduate students in the period. The article consists of introduction, review of the literature, overview of the main databases and research on the profile of the students and concludes by identifying possible gaps and future research agenda. The literature points to a democratization of the student profile. However, there is a lack of an annual comparison of students from the public and private sectors together regarding color / race, income and region, which could be built from PNAD.

RESUMO: O objetivo deste artigo é analisar as repercussões da austeridade fiscal no Brasil, em especial no campo do financiamento da educação. Para isso, faz-se inicialmente uma discussão conceitual sobre a austeridade, a sua lógica de funcionamento, seus mitos e os interesses velados por trás dessa concepção de política econômica. Em seguida, mostra-se como a austeridade no Brasil é um projeto de longo prazo instituído pela Emenda Constitucional 95 que repercutirá no financiamento da educação pública tanto pela nova regra do mínimo constitucional quanto pela disputa de recursos com outras áreas sociais. E, por fim, apresentam-se os dados orçamentários recentes que mostram os impactos que a austeridade já tem provocado no campo da educação pública.

ABSTRACT: This paper aims to analyze the repercussions of fiscal austerity in Brazil, especially in the field of education financing. For this, a conceptual discussion on austerity is undertaken, its working logic, its myths and hidden interests behind this conception of economic policy is initially made. It then shows how austerity in Brazil is a long-term project instituted by Constitutional Amendment 95 that will affect the financing of public education both by the new constitutional minimum rule and by the dispute of resources with other social areas. Finally, we present the recent budgetary data which shows the impacts that austerity has already provoked in the field of public education.

RESUMEN: El propósito de este artículo es analizar las repercusiones de la austeridad fiscal en Brasil, especialmente en el campo de la financiación de la educación. Para esto, inicialmente se realiza una discusión conceptual sobre la austeridad, su lógica de operación, sus mitos y los intereses velados detrás de esta concepción de la política económica. A continuación se muestra cómo la austeridad en Brasil es un proyecto a largo plazo instituido por la Enmienda Constitucional 95 que impactará el financiamiento de la educación pública tanto por la nueva norma mínima constitucional como por la disputa sobre recursos con otras áreas sociales. Finalmente, son presentados los datos presupuestarios recientes que muestran los impactos que la austeridad ya ha tenido en la educación pública.

Abstract Introduction: Although it only corresponds to 2.5% of congenital heart defects, hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) is responsible for more than 25% of cardiac deaths in the first week of life. Palliative surgery performed after the second week of life is considered an important risk factor in the treatment of HLHS. Objective: The aim of this study is to describe the initial experience of a medical center in Northeastern Brazil with a modified off-pump hybrid approach for palliation of HLHS. Methods: From November 2012 through November 2015, the medical records of 8 patients with HLHS undergoing hybrid procedure were retrospectively evaluated in a tertiary private hospital in Northeastern Brazil. The modified off-pump hybrid palliation consisted of stenting of the ductus arteriosus guided by fluoroscopy without contrast and banding of the main pulmonary artery branches. Demographic and clinical variables were recorded for descriptive analysis. Results: Eight patients were included in this study, of whom 37.5% were female. The median age and weight at the time of the procedure was 2 days (p25% and p75% = 2 and 4.5 days, respectively) and 3150 g (p25% and p75% = 3077.5 g and 3400 g, respectively), respectively. The median length in intensive care unit stay was 6 days (p25% and p75% = 3.5% and 8 days, respectively). There were no in-hospital deaths. Four patients have undergone to the second stage of the surgical treatment of HLHS. Conclusion: In this series, the initial experience with the modified off-pump hybrid procedure showed to be safe, allowing a low early mortality rate among children presenting HLHS.

Este estudo objetiva descrever as ações de promoção da saúde e prevenção de doenças crônicas realizadas pelas equipes de saúde que aderiram ao Programa Nacional de Melhoria do Acesso e da Qualidade da Atenção Básica (PMAQ-AB) no Brasil e cotejar as informações prestadas pelos profissionais de saúde com aquelas obtidas pelos entrevistadores através de comprovação documental. É um estudo transversal com dados secundários obtidos da base de dados do PMAQ-AB. Os resultados demonstraram a incipiência da realização das ações analisadas, especialmente aquelas dirigidas para idosos e para a detecção de problemas entre escolares, além de pouca comprovação das ações realizadas, traduzindo a baixa institucionalização dessas ações no âmbito da Estratégia Saúde da Família.

This study aims to describe health promotion and preventive actions against chronic diseases carried out by primary health care teams adherent to the National Program for Access and Quality Improvement in Primary Care in Brazil. It is a cross-sectional study using secondary data obtained from that Program database. The results demonstrated the paucity of actions, especially those addressed to the elderly and to the detection of problems among students, besides little evidence of actions implementation, reflecting the low institutionalization of health promotion activities within the Family Health Strategy.

Este estudo objetiva descrever as ações de promoção da saúde e prevenção de doenças crônicas realizadas pelas equipes de saúde que aderiram ao Programa Nacional de Melhoria do Acesso e da Qualidade da Atenção Básica (PMAQ-AB) no Brasil e cotejar as informações prestadas pelos profissionais de saúde com aquelas obtidas pelos entrevistadores através de comprovação documental. É um estudo transversal com dados secundários obtidos da base de dados do PMAQ-AB. Os resultados demonstraram a incipiência da realização das ações analisadas, especialmente aquelas dirigidas para idosos e para a detecção de problemas entre escolares, além de pouca comprovação das ações realizadas, traduzindo a baixa institucionalização dessas ações no âmbito da Estratégia Saúde da Família.

This study aims to describe health promotion and preventive actions against chronic diseases carried out by primary health care teams adherent to the National Program for Access and Quality Improvement in Primary Care in Brazil. It is a cross-sectional study using secondary data obtained from that Program database. The results demonstrated the paucity of actions, especially those addressed to the elderly and to the detection of problems among students, besides little evidence of actions implementation, reflecting the low institutionalization of health promotion activities within the Family Health Strategy.