ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the influence of maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and gestational weight gain (GWG) on blood glucose levels at diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and obstetric/neonatal outcomes. Subjects and methods: Retrospective cohort study including 462 women with GDM and singleton pregnancy delivered in our institution between January 2015 and June 2018 and grouped according to BMI/GWG. Results: The diagnosis of GDM was more likely to be established in the 1st trimester (T) in women with obesity than in normal-weight (55.8% vs 53.7%, p = 0.008). BMI positively and significantly correlated with fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels in the 1stT (rs = 0.213, p = 0.001) and 2ndT (rs = 0.210, p = 0.001). Excessive GWG occurred in 44.9% women with overweight and in 40.2% with obesity (p < 0.001). From women with obesity, 65.1% required pharmacological treatment (p < 0.001). Gestational hypertension (GH) was more frequent in women with obesity (p = 0.016). During follow-up, 132 cesareans were performed, the majority in mothers with obesity (p = 0.008). Of the 17 large-for-gestational-age (LGA) birthweight delivered, respectively 6 and 9 were offsprings of women with overweight and obesity (p = 0.019). Maternal BMI had a predictive value only for macrosomia [aOR 1.177 (1.006-1.376), p = 0.041]. BMI and GWG positively correlated with birthweight (rs = 0.132, p = 0.005; rs = 0.188, p = 0.005). Conclusion: Maternal obesity is related with a major probability of diagnosis of GDM in 1stT, fasting hyperglycemia in 2ndT and a more frequent need for pharmacological therapy. Pre-gestational obesity is associated with GH, cesarean delivery and fetal macrosomia.

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the influence of maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and gestational weight gain (GWG) on blood glucose levels at diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and obstetric/neonatal outcomes. Subjects and methods: Retrospective cohort study including 462 women with GDM and singleton pregnancy delivered in our institution between January 2015 and June 2018 and grouped according to BMI/GWG. Results: The diagnosis of GDM was more likely to be established in the 1st trimester (T) in women with obesity than in normal-weight (55.8% vs 53.7%, p = 0.008). BMI positively and significantly correlated with fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels in the 1stT (rs = 0.213, p = 0.001) and 2ndT (rs = 0.210, p = 0.001). Excessive GWG occurred in 44.9% women with overweight and in 40.2% with obesity (p < 0.001). From women with obesity, 65.1% required pharmacological treatment (p < 0.001). Gestational hypertension (GH) was more frequent in women with obesity (p = 0.016). During follow-up, 132 cesareans were performed, the majority in mothers with obesity (p = 0.008). Of the 17 large-for-gestational-age (LGA) birthweight delivered, respectively 6 and 9 were offsprings of women with overweight and obesity (p = 0.019). Maternal BMI had a predictive value only for macrosomia [aOR 1.177 (1.006-1.376), p = 0.041]. BMI and GWG positively correlated with birthweight (rs = 0.132, p = 0.005; rs = 0.188, p = 0.005). Conclusion: Maternal obesity is related with a major probability of diagnosis of GDM in 1stT, fasting hyperglycemia in 2ndT and a more frequent need for pharmacological therapy. Pre-gestational obesity is associated with GH, cesarean delivery and fetal macrosomia.

Abstract Essential oils (EOs) are a promising alternative for food preservation and can be used instead of synthetic antimicrobial compounds such as sanitizers, as long as they are efficient and safe. In view of this possibility of use, Lippia alba (Mill) (LAEO) and Cymbopogon citratus D.C. Stapf. (CCEO) essential oils were evaluated as natural antimicrobials and applied into coriander for its biocontrol. The EOs were extracted and their physical properties, total phenolics, cytotoxicity to Artemia salina L. and antimicrobial potential in vitro and on natural coriander microbiota were determined. The EOs had a LD50 (median lethal dose - checked), are considered biologically active. MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) varied from 1.25 to 5.00 μL/ mL and from 0.62 to 5.00 μL/ mL for LAEO and CCEO, respectively, on standard strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella Thyphimurium, Salmonella Enteritidis, Escherichia coli and Listeria monocytogenes. The lowest MIC values for LAEO and CCEO were selected for application in coriander. EOs reduced the pathogenic microbial load in the coriander revealing its potential as a natural sanitizer, and thus demonstrating superior or equivalent efficacy to commercial sanitizer. By correlating the cytotoxic and antimicrobial results obtained, we have shown that these EOs present potential for application in foods.

RESUMO: O momento de ataques à democracia e ruptura com políticas desenvolvidas pelos governos populares (2003-2016), no Brasil hoje, vem produzindo reverberações na política educacional e tem encontrado diversas resistências. Propomos neste texto, tratar das especificidades dessa forma de resistência que foi a realização da CONAPE, em maio de 2018, em Belo Horizonte. No desenvolvimento de nossa argumentação, primeiramente situamos o golpe e suas consequências no contexto do que chamamos de tsunami conservador transnacional que opera em diferentes dimensões e aspectos da vida social, em que vamos tratar das resistências em geral, e da CONAPE, em particular, apontando que a luta por um mundo justo e solidário não se deixa paralisar.

ABSTRACT: The current scenario of attack on democracy and rupture with policies developed by popular governments (2003-2016) in Brazil has been producing reverberations in educational policies not without resistance. This article proposes to address the specific form of resistance that CONAPE (National Conference on Popular Education) held in May 2018. In the development of our argument, we first situate the coup and its consequences in the context of what we call a transnational conservative tsunami that operates in different dimensions and aspects of social life, in which we will deal with resistances in general, and CONAPE in particular, pointing that the struggle for a fair and solidarity world that does not allow itself to be paralyzed.

Nesse artigo questionamos as políticas de currículos nacionais, seu ideário e possibilidades de “sucesso”. Diante das promessas de iguais aprendizagens, consideramos relevante trazer pesquisas anteriores e conhecimentos que com elas vimos tecendo sobre os equívocos políticos e fragilidades epistemológicas dessas propostas. Recontar os embates que se desenrolaram no Brasil nos últimos anos com foco nas implicações do Golpe de 2016 para as políticas educacionais vem nos permitindo reforçar que os cotidianos, escolares ou não, se tecem numa permanente interlocução entre diferentes instâncias, conhecimentos, valores e possibilidades, como espaçostempos de criação e reinvenção do mundo e não como receptáculos. O texto é uma defesa da educação pública e de seus atores; portanto, uma primeira conclusão possível é a de que pesquisar a vida cotidiana nas escolas se configura como ação políticoepistemológica importante, na medida em que se constitui como um meio de incorporar ao campo do currículo outras possibilidades de compreensão da complexidade que é inerente tanto aos cotidianos escolares quanto aos currículos que neles são criados. Aprendemos, também, com esse tipo de pesquisa, que a vida não é controlável, que currículos nacionais estão fadados ao fracasso e que sua proposição é, além de politicamente excludente, academicamente desprovida de fundamento razoável.

Dans cet article, nous interrogeons les politiques des curricula nationaux, leurs idéaux et leurs possibilités de réussite. Face à des promesses d'apprentissages égaux, nous revenons sur des recherches antérieures et ses résultats, pour apporter des connaissances préalables qui nous permettent d'affirmer que, dans ces propositions, il est possible de trouver des idées politiques fausses, ainsi que des faiblesses épistémologiques. Raconter les affrontements qui ont eu lieu au Brésil au cours des dernières années, particulièrement sur les conséquences du Coup d'Etat de 2016, pour les politiques éducatives, nous a permis de renforcer que le quotidien des écoles et ses pratiques sont tissés dans un dialogue permanent entre les différentes instances, les connaissances, les valeurs et les possibilités, comme des espaces de création et de réinvention du monde et non comme des réceptacles. Le texte est une défense de l'éducation publique et de ses acteurs. Par conséquent, une première conclusion possible est celle qui dit que la recherche de la vie quotidienne dans les écoles configure une importante action politique-épistémologique, dans la mesure où elle constitue un moyen d'intégrer le champ d'autres possibilités de comprendre la complexité inhérente à la vie quotidienne de l'école et aux curricula qui y sont créés. Nous avons appris aussi, avec ce genre de recherche, que la vie n'est pas contrôlable, dont les programmes nationaux sont voués à l'échec et que sa proposition est politiquement productrice d'exclusion sociale et académiquement dépourvue de fondement raisonnable.

In this article we interrogate the policies of national curricula, their ideals and possibilities of “success”. Facing the promises of equal learning, we consider relevant to bring previous research and knowledge that we have woven with the former about the political misunderstandings and epistemological weaknesses of these proposals. Telling the struggles that have unfolded in Brazil in recent years focusing on the implications of the 2016 Coup d' État for educational policies has allowed us to reinforce that everyday life, within schools or not, is woven in a permanent interlocution between different instances of knowledges, values and possibilities, as spacetimes of creation and reinvention of the world and not as receptacles. The text is a defense of the public education and its actors. Therefore, a first possible conclusion is that to investigate everyday life in the schools is an important political-epistemological action, since it constitutes a means to incorporate into the field of curriculum other possibilities of understanding the complexity that is inherent both to school everyday life and to the curricula that are created within. We also learn from this type of research that life is not controllable, that national curricula are doomed to failure, and that their proposition is, in addition to being politically excluding, academically devoid of reasonable foundation.

ABSTRACT: Areas affected by coal mining can be recovered by revegetation with leguminous plants associated with nitrogen-fixing bacteria. This study addressed the isolation and characterization of native nitrogen-fixing bacteria from coalmine wasteland under different vegetation restoration approaches using Macroptilium atropurpureum (DC) Urb and Vicia sativa L. as trap plants. The bacteria were characterized and identified on the basis of 16S rRNA sequences. Additionally, nitrogen-fixing strains were characterized for tolerance to high heavy metal and low pH levels, as well as for their effect on growth, nodulation, and symbiotic efficiency of M. atropurpureum and V. sativa. Soil samples were taken from the rhizosphere of eight areas, between 6 and 20 years under vegetation restoration, in the coal mining area of Candiota, RS-Brazil. The following properties were evaluated: colony characterization on solid “79” culture medium; pH (3.0-9.0) and heavy metal (Cr, Cd, Zn, Cu, and Ni) tolerance; partial sequencing of 16S rRNA gene; presence of nodA and nifH genes and symbiotic efficiency. A total of 115 isolates, i.e., 77 from M. atropurpureum and 38 from V. sativa, were obtained. The tolerance of these isolates is high for a wide range of pH levels and heavy metal contents, and 18 among them were selected for symbiotic efficiency and 16S rRNA sequencing. Inoculated with M. atropurpureum, the strains UFSM-B53, UFSM-B64, and UFSM-B74 had high symbiotic efficiency. The nitrogen-fixing bacteria were classified in the genera Rhizobium, Bradyrhizobium, and Burkholderia. The results indicate the potential of these native rhizospheric bacterial strains as inoculants and biofertilizers for legume species under pH and heavy metal stress in coal mining degraded areas in Southern Brazil.

RESUMO O desenvolvimento do campo de estudos em Currículo no Brasil é marcado pela influência das teorias críticas que, mesmo quando deixam de ser majoritárias, permanece grande e talvez mesmo hegemônica, fazendo com que autores de outras tendências e matizes dialoguem com ela compulsoriamente, mesmo que de modo subliminar. Nossa hipótese de compreensão desse fenômeno vincula-se à importância intrínseca do debate para a constituição do campo do Currículo no país, considerando que as tendências pós-críticas hoje majoritárias são, elas mesmas, vinculadas a um pensamento progressista e de esquerda, a um projeto social emancipatório e democrático, ou seja, de certo modo emergiram, como as novas esquerdas, das teorias críticas e da esquerda tradicional. Procuramos, com isso, esboçar uma trajetória indiciária dessas teorias e os diálogos promovidos por/entre elas como elemento para a compreensão das tendências atuais no campo de estudos do Currículo e das relações que estabelecem entre si e com as teorias críticas.

ABSTRACT The development of curriculum studies in Brazil is marked by the influence of critical theories which remain substantial and perhaps hegemonic even when no longer majoritarian, causing authors of other lines and trends to dialogue with it compulsorily, even if subliminally. Our hypothesis to understand such phenomenon is related to the intrinsic importance of debate when constituting curricula across the country, considering that current post-critical tendencies are linked to a progressive, leftist thinking, to a social, emancipatory and democratic project; it means that to a certain extent, they emerged as the new “leftists”, from critical theories and the traditional left. In this way, we aimed to outline the trajectory of such theories and the dialogues promoted by and established between them as a means to understand the current trends in curriculum studies and their relation to critical theories.

RESUMEN En la investigación de la trayectoria del campo del Currículo en Brasil entendemos que incluso cuando la perspectiva de la teoría crítica ya no es mayoritaria, su influencia sigue siendo inmensa y tal vez incluso hegemónico, que obliga a los autores asociados con las otras tendencias y matices de tener un diálogo con él, aunque de una manera subliminal. Nuestra hipótesis se refiere a la importancia intrínseca del debate crítico en la conformación del campo en Brasil, teniendo en cuenta que las actuales teorías proscriticas son en su mayoría vinculadas al pensamiento emancipador y democrático, que, en cierto sentido, surgió como la nueva izquierda desde las teorías críticas y las izquierdas tradicionales. Por lo tanto, tratamos de desinar una historia indiciaria de estas teorías y los diálogos promovidos entre ellos como un elemento para la comprensión de las tendencias actuales en el campo de Currículo y las relaciones que se establecen entre ellos y con las teorías críticas.

Objetivou-se avaliar as respostas produtivas de 30 ovinos mestiços ½Santa Inês + ½Dorper, com idade média de quatro meses, 15 com pelame preto e 15 com pelame branco, submetidos a estresse térmico. Os animais sofreram exposição à radiação solar direta durante uma hora (14h00 – 15h00) por semana durante oito semanas. Foram feitas as medições de altura do dorso, altura da garupa, largura do tórax, largura da garupa, perímetro do tórax, perímetro da coxa, perímetro da garupa e perímetro escrotal. Os animais foram abatidos e houve a pesagem dos seguintes componentes: sangue, pele, fígado, coração, rins, cabeça, patas, pulmão, trato gastrointestinal e vazio, testículos e pênis/uretra. Foram avaliados os pesos de carcaça quente e carcaça fria e calculadas as perdas por resfriamento e rendimento de carcaça quente e carcaça fria, além dos cortes comerciais: paleta, perna, pescoço, lombo e costela. Também foram avaliados o acabamento e conformação da carcaça e avaliação da cor, marmoreio, textura e espessura de gordura subcutânea. Os ovinos pretos apresentaram maior peso de rins e menor peso de testículos, carcaça quente, paleta, perna, costela e menor medida de largura da garupa em relação aos animais de pelame branco. O estresse térmico pode provocar distúrbios no metabolismo dos ovinos, afetando sua condição corporal e alterando seu desenvolvimento.

The aim of this research was to evaluate the yield responses of crossbred sheep Santa Ines with Dorper, with an average age of four months, 15 of dark coat and 15 of white coat, under heat stress. The animals were exposed to solar radiation for one hour per week (14.00 - 15.00) for eight weeks. Measurements of height of the dorsum, rump height, chest width, rump width, thoracic perimeter, thigh perimeter, hind perimeter and scrotal perimeter were made. The animals were slaughtered and were weighed the following components: blood, skin, liver, heart, kidneys, head, legs, lungs, testicles and penis / urethra. The gastrointestinal tract was weighed full and empty. The hot carcass weight and cold carcass weight and calculated cooling losses and hot carcass yield and cold were evaluated; beyond of the commercial cuts: palette, leg, neck, loin and rib. Finishing and carcass conformation and color assessment, marbling, texture and subcutaneous fat thickness were also evaluated. Black sheeps had heavier kidneys than the white sheeps. Testicles, the hot carcass, palette, leg, rib and rump width of black sheeps were lighter towards animals white fur. Heat stress can cause disturbances in the metabolism of sheep, affecting their body condition and altering its development.

Avaliou-se a validade relativa dos indicadores de práticas alimentares do questionário utilizado na Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar (PeNSE) entre adolescentes da cidade do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Foram estudados 174 alunos. Foram avaliados os indicadores: a ingestão regular (≥ 5 vezes/semana) dos alimentos marcadores de alimentação saudável, marcadores de alimentação não saudável e as rotinas alimentares: realizar refeição com responsável (REFEIÇÃO), realizar o desjejum (DESJEJUM) e comer enquanto estuda ou assiste à TV. Foram comparados os resultados do questionário e dos três recordatórios de 24 horas. Para todos os marcadores de alimentação saudável, não houve diferença na proporção de ingestão regular de acordo com os dois métodos. As frequências geradas pelo questionário foram superiores para os indicadores salgadinhos de pacote e biscoitos salgados e mais baixas para embutidos e REFEIÇÃO. Os indicadores de consumo regular de marcadores de alimentação saudável e aquele referente a DESJEJUM foram os que apresentaram maior acurácia. Os indicadores de práticas alimentares utilizados pela PeNSE apresentaram validade satisfatória.

This study evaluated the relative validity of the dietary indicators from the questionnaire used in the Brazilian National School-Based Health Survey (PeNSE) in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The sample included 174 students. The following indicators were evaluated: regular consumption (≥ 5 times a week) of markers for healthy eating, markers for unhealthy eating, and routine eating habits (having meals with parents or guardians (MEAL), having breakfast (breakfast), and eating while studying or watching TV. The results of the questionnaire were compared with three 24-hour recalls. For all the markers of healthy eating, there was no difference in the proportion of regular consumption when comparing the two methods. The rates detected by the questionnaire were higher for packaged snacks and crackers and lower for cold cuts and MEAL. The indicators for regular consumption of markers for healthy eating and that referring to BREAKFAST were those with the highest accuracy. The dietary indicators used by the PeNSE survey showed satisfactory validity.

Se evaluó la validez relativa de los indicadores de prácticas alimentarias del cuestionario utilizado en la Investigación Nacional de Salud Escolar (PeNSE) entre adolescentes en la ciudad de Río de Janeiro, Brasil. Se estudiaron a 174 estudiantes. Se evaluaron los indicadores: consumo regular (≥ 5 veces/semana) de los alimentos marcadores de alimentación saludable, marcadores de alimentación no saludable y las rutinas de alimentación (hacer las comidas con los responsables (COMIDA), el desayuno (DESAYUNO) y comer mientras estudian o ven la televisión. Se compararon los resultados del cuestionario y los tres recordatorios de 24 horas. Para todos los marcadores de alimentación saludable no hubo diferencia en la proporción del consumo regular, de acuerdo con ambos métodos. Las frecuencias generadas por el cuestionario fueron más altas para los indicadores snack pack y galletas saladas e inferior en COMIDA. Los indicadores de consumo regular de marcadores de alimentación saludable y que se refieren al DESAYUNO eran aquellos con mayor precisión. Los indicadores de prácticas alimentarias utilizados por la PeNSE mostraron una validación satisfactoria.

Avaliou-se a validade relativa dos indicadores de práticas alimentares do questionário utilizado na Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar (PeNSE) entre adolescentes da cidade do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Foram estudados 174 alunos. Foram avaliados os indicadores: a ingestão regular (≥ 5 vezes/semana) dos alimentos marcadores de alimentação saudável, marcadores de alimentação não saudável e as rotinas alimentares: realizar refeição com responsável (REFEIÇÃO), realizar o desjejum (DESJEJUM) e comer enquanto estuda ou assiste à TV. Foram comparados os resultados do questionário e dos três recordatórios de 24 horas. Para todos os marcadores de alimentação saudável, não houve diferença na proporção de ingestão regular de acordo com os dois métodos. As frequências geradas pelo questionário foram superiores para os indicadores salgadinhos de pacote e biscoitos salgados e mais baixas para embutidos e REFEIÇÃO. Os indicadores de consumo regular de marcadores de alimentação saudável e aquele referente a DESJEJUM foram os que apresentaram maior acurácia. Os indicadores de práticas alimentares utilizados pela PeNSE apresentaram validade satisfatória.

This study evaluated the relative validity of the dietary indicators from the questionnaire used in the Brazilian National School-Based Health Survey (PeNSE) in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The sample included 174 students. The following indicators were evaluated: regular consumption (≥ 5 times a week) of markers for healthy eating, markers for unhealthy eating, and routine eating habits (having meals with parents or guardians (MEAL), having breakfast (breakfast), and eating while studying or watching TV. The results of the questionnaire were compared with three 24-hour recalls. For all the markers of healthy eating, there was no difference in the proportion of regular consumption when comparing the two methods. The rates detected by the questionnaire were higher for packaged snacks and crackers and lower for cold cuts and MEAL. The indicators for regular consumption of markers for healthy eating and that referring to BREAKFAST were those with the highest accuracy. The dietary indicators used by the PeNSE survey showed satisfactory validity.

Se evaluó la validez relativa de los indicadores de prácticas alimentarias del cuestionario utilizado en la Investigación Nacional de Salud Escolar (PeNSE) entre adolescentes en la ciudad de Río de Janeiro, Brasil. Se estudiaron a 174 estudiantes. Se evaluaron los indicadores: consumo regular (≥ 5 veces/semana) de los alimentos marcadores de alimentación saludable, marcadores de alimentación no saludable y las rutinas de alimentación (hacer las comidas con los responsables (COMIDA), el desayuno (DESAYUNO) y comer mientras estudian o ven la televisión. Se compararon los resultados del cuestionario y los tres recordatorios de 24 horas. Para todos los marcadores de alimentación saludable no hubo diferencia en la proporción del consumo regular, de acuerdo con ambos métodos. Las frecuencias generadas por el cuestionario fueron más altas para los indicadores snack pack y galletas saladas e inferior en COMIDA. Los indicadores de consumo regular de marcadores de alimentación saludable y que se refieren al DESAYUNO eran aquellos con mayor precisión. Los indicadores de prácticas alimentarias utilizados por la PeNSE mostraron una validación satisfactoria.

Performance, carcass, non-carcass and commercial cuts and components of Texel × Santa Inês crossbred lambs, managed in confinement and fed diets based on soybean oil, soybeans and a conventional diet, with or without the use of monensin (78 ppm dry matter basis) were evaluated. Thirty-six Texel × Santa Inês lambs (18 males and 18 females) were managed in intensive systems. Animals were slaughtered after 87 days of confinement, and performance, carcass characteristics, weight and percentages of carcass and non-carcass components were evaluated. The animals fed the control diet had heavier carcass and parts than animals fed soybean, while the oil diet did not differ from the controls in most parameters. The animals fed soybean showed lower intake kg dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and metabolizable energy (ME) compared with animals fed the control diet, increased ether extract (EE) intake in kg, % body weight (BW) and metabolic weight (MW) and did not differ from the soybean oil diet. Animals receiving monensin had lower DM intake, OM, CP, EE, NDF, gross energy (GE) regardless of the expression, % kg BW, or % PM, than the animals that did not receive the additive. Males produced better and had heavier cuts than the females; the latter deposited subcutaneous fat earlier. Animals that received oil or soybean showed greater body weight and small intestine percentage. Soybean oil intake did not improve performance, carcass weights or parts of Santa Ines × Texel lambs in confinement. Soybeans at 15% dry matter reduced energy intake and lamb performance. The use of monensin at 78 ppm on a dry matter basis is not recommended for lambs in confinement, especially if associated with oil or soybeans that may harm animal performance.

INTRODUÇÃO: Na Amazônia, o desmatamento desordenado da floresta, as migrações populacionais humanas de áreas endêmicas e o grande número de reservatórios e vetores silvestres naturalmente infectados por Trypanosoma cruzi, favorece a endemicidade da doença de Chagas nessa região. MÉTODOS: Foi realizado um inquérito sorológico inicial por ensaio imunoenzimático (ELISA), em uma amostra de 1.263 pessoas, 1.095 (86,7% ) as quais eram autóctones do Estado do Amazonas, 666 (52,7%) do sexo masculino, 948 (75,1%) com idade superior a 20 anos. As amostras de soro reativas, indeterminadas ou inconclusivas por imunofluorescência indireta (IFI) positivas ou com baixo título na IFI foram submetidas ao Western blot (WB). Os pacientes com sorologia confirmada (WB) foram avaliados do ponto de vista epidemiológico, clínico, eletro e ecocardiográfico. RESULTADOS: Quinze pacientes tiveram sorologia confirmada para infecção por T. cruzi, 12 dos quais autóctones do Estado do Amazonas, com uma prevalência sorológica geral de 1,2% e de 0,9% para o Estado do Amazonas. Entre os 15 casos com sorologia positiva, cinco eram do sexo masculino, média de idade de 47 anos, baixa escolaridade e a maioria agricultores. Um paciente não autoctone, procedente de Alagoas, apresentou bloqueio de ramo direito, bloqueio divisional ântero-superior e disfunção sistólica ventricular esquerda com fração de ejeção de 54%. CONCLUSÕES: O resultado deste estudo reforça a importância do monitoramento de casos da doença de Chagas na Amazônia, em especial no Amazonas.

INTRODUCTION: Deforestation, uncontrolled forest, human population migration from endemic areas, and the large number of reservoirs and wild vectors naturally infected by Trypanosoma cruzi promote the endemicity of Chagas disease in the Amazon region. METHODS: We conducted an initial serological survey (ELISA) in a sample of 1,263 persons; 1,095 (86.7%) were natives of the State of Amazonas, 666 (52.7%) were male, and 948 (75.1%) were over 20 years old. Serum samples that were found to be reactive, indeterminate, or inconclusive by indirect immunofluorescence (IFI) or positive with low titer by IFA were tested by Western blot (WB). Serologically confirmed patients (WB) were evaluated in terms of epidemiological, clinical, ECG, and echocardiography characteristics. RESULTS: Fifteen patients had serologically confirmed T. cruzi infection, and 12 of them were autochthonous to the state of Amazonas, for an overall seroprevalence of 1.2% and 0.9% for the state of Amazonas. Five of the 15 cases were males, and the average age was 47 years old; most were farmers with low education. One patient who was not autochthonous, having originated from Alagoas, showed right bundle branch block, bundle branch block, and anterosuperior left ventricular systolic dysfunction with an ejection fraction of 54%. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study ratify the importance of monitoring CD cases in Amazonia, particularly in the state of Amazonas.

Efeitos genético aditivo, de dominância e de recombinação em cruzamentos entre as raças Santa Inês (SI), Somalis Brasileira (So), Dorper (Do) e Poll Dorset (Po) foram estimados para as características de crescimento, reprodutivas e de habilidade materna. Os dados foram obtidos da Gaasa e Alimentos LTDA, uma empresa que participa do Programa de Melhoramento Genético de Caprinos e Ovinos (GENECOC) da Embrapa Caprinos. Inicialmente, 3.573 registros foram analisados por meio do procedimento MIXED do pacote estatístico SAS (1999). As análises foram realizadas considerando os efeitos da diferença genética aditiva entre as raças, de dominância e de recombinação. O peso ao nascer foi influenciado pelos efeitos genéticos aditivos, enquanto o peso ao desmame e o ganho de peso pré-desmame foram influenciados por efeitos genéticos não-aditivos. A estimativa de herdabilidade direta para o peso ao nascer foi moderada, o que indica a existência de variabilidade genética passível de ser explorada por meio da seleção individual. Do mesmo modo, as estimativas de herdabilidade das características idade ao primeiro parto e peso total das crias ao nascer indicaram a existência de variabilidade genética para obter ganhos genéticos por meio da seleção. Os genes das raças Poll Dorset e Dorper tiveram papel importante para melhor desempenho ponderal, portanto, essas raças podem ser indicadas como paternas no cruzamento terminal. A utilização de matrizes F1 Santa Inês x Somalis Brasileira em cruzamentos com reprodutores Poll Dorset pode levar a maior eficiência reprodutiva.

Additive genetic, dominance and recombination effects in breedings among Santa Inês (SI), Brazilian Somali (So), Dorper (Do) and Poll Dorset (Po) breeds were estimated for growth, reproductive and maternal hability traits. Data were obtained from Gaasa e Alimentos LTDA, a company that participates on the Programa de Melhoramento Genético de Caprinos e Ovinos (GENECOC) coordinated by Embrapa Caprinos. Initially, 3,573 records were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of the statistical package SAS (1999). The analyses were carried out considering the effects of additive genetic difference among breeds, dominance and recombination effects. Birth weight was mainly influenced by additive genetic effects, while weaning weight and pre-weaning weight gain were influenced by non-additive genetic effects. Direct heritability estimates for birth weight was moderate indicating that there is genetic variability believable to be exploited by individual selection. In the same way, heritability estimates for the traits age at first lambing and litter total weight at birth indicated the existence of genetic variability to obtain genetic gains through selection. Genes of the Poll Dorset and Dorper breeds had an important role for a better growth performance, therefore, these breeds can be indicated as sires in the terminal breeds. The use of F1 Santa Inês x Brazilian Somali females on crossbreeding with Poll Dorset rams can lead to a better reproductive efficiency.

As características sensoriais da carne, como sabor e aroma, podem ser influenciadas por diversos fatores, sendo que a alimentação é considerada o de maior importância. Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito de diferentes dietas sobre as propriedades sensoriais da carne de cordeiros, três dietas à base de silagem de cana-de-açúcar e polpa de citrus, em diferentes relações concentrado: volumoso (100:0; 75:25; 50:50), foram fornecidas a 21 cordeiros, machos, da raça Santa Inês, que foram abatidos aos 35kg, com idade média de 199 dias. Após o abate, as carcaças foram mantidas resfriadas a -2ºC/24h e em seguida retirado o músculo Longissimus dorsi (LD), para a análise sensorial. As amostras cozidas foram servidas a um painel de 12 provadores treinados para avaliação sensorial dos atributos de aparência, sabor, aroma, maciez e suculência. A avaliação realizada pelos provadores demonstrou que não houve efeito significativo (P>0,05) da dieta sobre os atributos de sabor, maciez e suculência. Entretanto, a aparência e o aroma sofreram influência, com diferença significativa entre os tratamentos 100:0 e 50:50. O aroma mais forte a "ovino" e a aparência mais "desagradável" foram mais evidentes nos animais alimentados com a dieta 100:0. As amostras provenientes dos animais alimentados com a dieta 50:50 apresentaram-se de melhor qualidade sensorial em relação às demais dietas.

The sensory characteristics of meat, such as flavor and aroma, may be influenced by several factors, and the use as food is considered the most important. With the aim of evaluating the effects of different diets on the sensorial properties of the meat of lambs, three diets having sugar cane ensilage and pulp of citrus as a base, differing only in the proportion of concentrated: forage (100:0; 75:25; 50:50), were offered to 21 lambs of Santa Inês breed, that were slaughtered with 35 kg, with an average age of 199 days. After slaughter, the carcasses were kept refrigerated at -2ºC/24h then the longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle was removed for the sensorial analysis. The cooked samples were served to a panel of 12 judges trained for sensorial evaluation of the attributes of appearance, taste, flavor, juiciness and succulence. The evaluation made by the judges demonstrated that there was not significant effects (P>0.05) of the diet on the attributes of taste, tenderness and juiciness. However, the appearance and the flavor were influenced, with significant difference between treatments 100:0 and 50:50. The strongest "sheep" flavor and the most "distasteful" appearance were evident in the meat of animals fed with diet 100:0. The samples proceeding from the animals fed with 50:50 diet presented better sensorial quality in comparision to the other diets.

Este estudo transversal comparou a percepção dos companheiros de usuários de drogas em uma amostra de estudantes universitários da América Latina. Os estudantes de nove universidades, localizadas em cinco países (Brasil, Chile, Colômbia, Honduras e Peru) responderam questionário que abordou questões sobre o tagagismo, álcool, maconha e cocaína. A análise foi focalizada na comparação da percepção e da realidade dos atuais usuários de drogas. Os resultados confirmaram, de forma geral, a ideia de que os estudantes superestimam o uso de drogas. Resultados inesperados foram identificados em relação ao uso de álcool. Enquanto os estudantes geralmente superestimam o uso de tabaco, maconha e cocaína, entre seus pares, estimaram com bastante precisão ou subestimaram o uso de álcool entre seus pares. Apesar desse resultado inesperado, este estudo mostra que a percepção do uso de drogas entre estudantes universitários da América Latina se comporta de maneira similar ao uso de drogas em outras localidades. Os resultados também apóiam a sugestão de que intervenções, usando retroalimentação normativa, seriam úteis para fortalecer os programas de prevenção ao uso de drogas, dirigidos aos jovens da América Latina.

This cross-sectional study compared perceived peer drug use and actual drug use in a sample of Latin American university students. Students from nine universities in five countries (Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Honduras and Peru) completed a questionnaire that addressed the use of tobacco, alcohol, marijuana and cocaine. Analysis focused on comparing perceptions to actual drug use. The findings largely, but not completely, confirmed the idea that students overestimate peer drug use. The unexpected findings were those relating to alcohol. While students generally overestimated peer use of tobacco, marijuana and cocaine, they accurately estimated or underestimated peer use of alcohol. Apart from the anomalous findings with regard to alcohol, this study shows that perceived drug use relates to actual drug use in Latin America as it does elsewhere. The results also support the suggestion that interventions using normative feedback would be useful to strengthen drug use prevention programs aimed at youth in Latin America.

Este estudio transversal se comparó la percepción que se tiene del consumo de los pares con el uso real de drogas, en una muestra de estudiantes universitarios de América Latina. Los estudiantes de nueve universidades en cinco países (Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Honduras y Perú) respondieron a un cuestionario que abordaba el uso de tabaco, alcohol, marihuana y cocaína. El análisis se concentró en la comparación de la percepción y el consumo real de drogas. Los resultados en gran medida, aunque no completamente, confirmaron que los estudiantes sobreestiman el uso de drogas entre sus pares. Los resultados inesperados fueron los relacionados con el alcohol. Mientras que los estudiantes generalmente sobrestimaron el consumo de tabaco, marihuana y cocaína entre sus pares, los mismos estimaron con bastante precisión o subestimaron el uso de alcohol entre sus pares. Además de los resultados inesperados en relación al alcohol, este estudio muestra que la percepción del uso de drogas en América Latina se comporta de manera similar a otros lugares. Los resultados también apoyan la sugerencia respecto a que la retroalimentación normativa sería útil para fortalecer los programas de prevención de drogas dirigidos a jóvenes en América Latina.