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ABSTRACT: Glanders is a disease caused by the bacterium Burkholderia mallei that primarily affects horses, mules and donkeys. The disease can cause lesions in the skin, lungs and several other organs. However, it often manifests as an asymptomatic disease. In Brazil, serological tests of high sensitivity and specificity are used to assist in the detection of antibodies against B. mallei and to contribute to the control of the disease. However, due to the mandatory euthanasia of seroreactive animals, equids with positive serology for B. mallei and asymptomatic generated great conflicts between breeders, veterinarians and diagnostic laboratories. This study clarifies the limitations of complementary diagnostic tests for detecting B. mallei. It describes the clinical, morphological and laboratory findings in 24 equines from different municipalities in the Mato Grosso State, Brazil, which reacted to the complement fixation test and were positive in the western blotting test for glanders. Data and tissue samples were collected from 24 horses for histological, microbiological and molecular analysis. In 23 horses, no clinical signs, morphological alterations, microbiological isolation, or molecular detection would characterize B. mallei infection. On the other hand, samples from an asymptomatic horse without lesional alterations showed sequence amplification compatible with B. mallei in the PCR. Considering that the infection by B. mallei is subject to the application of animal sanitary defense measures and that, by international requirement and national legislation, the serological results are tools that should support the sanitation procedures for the error of the bacteria in the Mato Grosso State, Brazil.

RESUMO: Mormo é uma enfermidade causada pela bactéria Burkholderia mallei que acomete primariamente cavalos, mulas e burros. A doença pode causar lesões na pele, pulmões e em diversos outros órgãos, entretanto frequentemente manifesta-se como uma enfermidade assintomática. No Brasil são utilizados testes sorológicos de elevada sensibilidade e especificidade para auxiliar na detecção de anticorpos contra B. mallei e contribuir para controle da doença. Porém, devido à obrigatoriedade da eutanásia de animais sororeagentes, os equídeos com sorologia positiva para B. mallei e assintomáticos geraram grandes embates entre criadores, médicos-veterinários e laboratórios de diagnóstico. Este trabalho esclarece as limitações dos testes diagnósticos complementares para detecção de B. mallei e descreve os achados clínicos, morfológicos e de exames laboratoriais em 24 equídeos, procedentes de diferentes municípios do estado de Mato Grosso, Brasil, que reagiram ao teste de fixação de complemento e foram positivos no teste de “western blotting” para mormo. Foram colhidos dados e amostras de tecidos de 24 equídeos para análise histológica, microbiológica e molecular. Em 23 equídeos não existiam sinais clínicos, alterações morfológicas, isolamento microbiológico ou detecção molecular que caracterizassem infecção por B. mallei. Por outro lado, amostras de um cavalo assintomático e sem alterações lesionais apresentaram amplificação de sequência compatível com B. mallei na PCR. Considerando que a infecção por B. mallei é passível da aplicação de medidas de defesa sanitária animal e que por exigência internacional e da legislação nacional, os resultados sorológicos são ferramentas que devem amparar os procedimentos de saneamento para erradicação da bactéria no estado de Mato Grosso, Brasil.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-7172

A new species of armored catfish of the genus Scobinancistrus (Loricariidae: Hypostominae) from the Xingu River basin, Brazil
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Chaves, Mateus S.

; Oliveira, Renildo R.

; Gonçalves, Alany P.

; Sousa, Leandro M.

; Py-Daniel, Lúcia H. Rapp

Neotropical Ichthyology

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2023, Volume 21 N. 3 elocation e230038

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract A new species of Scobinancistrus from the Xingu River, Brazil, is described. It can be distinguished from its congeners by color pattern and a combination of non-exclusive characters: overall body covered by large yellow spaced blotches over a dark background (vs. small round and densely packed spots over light or dark background in S. pariolispos and S. aureatus); lack of orange to yellow/orange distal band on dorsal and caudal fins (vs. presence in S. aureatus), dorsal fin not reaching adipose-fin supporting plate when adpressed (vs. reaching the adipose-fin plate in S. pariolispos and S. aureatus). The new species is only known from a portion of the middle Xingu River, ranging from the Volta Grande do Xingu, an area under a strong anthropic impact due to the construction of the Belo Monte dam, to near the Iriri River confluence with the Xingu River. Aspects concerning the species’ threats and its conservation status are discussed.

Resumo Uma nova espécie de Scobinancistrus do rio Xingu, Brasil, é descrita. Ela pode ser distinguida de suas congêneres pelo padrão de cores e uma combinação de caracteres não exclusivos: corpo geral coberto por grandes manchas amarelas espaçadas sobre um fundo escuro (vs. pequenos pontos redondos e densamente compactados sobre fundo claro ou escuro em S. pariolispos e S. aureatus); falta de banda distal laranja a amarela nas nadadeiras dorsal e caudal (vs. presença em S. aureatus), nadadeira dorsal não alcançando a placa da nadadeira adiposa quando comprimida (vs. atingindo a placa da nadadeira adiposa em S. pariolispos e S. aureatus). A nova espécie só é conhecida de uma porção do médio rio Xingu, que vai da Volta Grande do Xingu, área de forte impacto antrópico devido à construção da barragem de Belo Monte, até próximo à confluência do rio Iriri com o rio Xingu. Aspectos relativos às ameaças à espécie e seu estado de conservação são discutidos.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-2023-0038

The discovery of Scaphyglottis punctulata (Laeliinae) in the highlands of Brazilian Amazonia with a key to the species of the region
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Araújo, Adriane Maciel de

; Farroñay, Francisco

; Perdiz, Ricardo de Oliveira

; Pessoa, Edlley

; Giacomin, Leandro

Lankesteriana

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aug 2022, Volume 22 N. 2 Pages 123 - 131

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract The genus Scaphyglottis Poepp. & Endl. presents 78 species and occurs from Mexico to Brazil. Scaphyglottis punctulata (Rchb.f.) C.Schweinf. is known from various high elevation locations from Panama to Bolivia. Here, we report new records in two regions of the Brazil portion of the Guiana Shield. We provide a detailed description, photographic plates, updated distribution map, ecological and taxonomic comments for S. punctulata, and an identification key for Scaphyglottis species from the Brazilian portion of the Guiana Shield.

https://doi.org/10.15517/lank.v22i2.51844

EXEMPLIFICANDO O USO DO MACRO MAPEAMENTO ELEMENTAR POR XRF (MA-XRF) NA INVESTIGAÇÃO FORENSE DE OBRAS DE ARTE
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Pimenta, André R.

; Felix, Valter S.

; Silva, Daniele M.

; Pereira, Marcelo O.

; Oliveira, Ana L.

; Ferreira, Douglas S.

; Carvalho, Cristiano S.

; Silva, Fabricio L.

; Gonçalves, Elicardo A.S.

; Dutra, Rafael S.

; Pereira, Leandro O.

; Pereira, Ronaldo V.

; Freitas, Renato P.

Química Nova

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2022, Volume 45 N. 3 Pages 297 - 303

Abstract: Pt | Text: Pt | PDF: Pt

EXEMPLIFYING THE USE OF MACRO ELEMENTAL MAPPING BY XRF (MA-XRF) SCANNING IN FORENSIC INVESTIGATION OF ARTWORKS. This work exemplifies the potential of employing macro elemental mapping by XRF (MA XRF) scanning in the forensic investigation of artworks. The results of the investigation of two artworks of different styles and periods are presented and discussed. The images provided by MA-XRF scanning have information about the elemental distribution, which is related to pigments used in the artwork. These images bring different information such as: if there are underlying paintings; if a given pigment was used for the purpose of restoration or in the creation. Therefore, through the images, it is possible to obtain information, which refers to the process of creating the artwork and the history of conservation and restoration. Through the results, it was possible to verify that the two artworks are probably false because they present anachronistic pigments with the supposed period of creation. The analyzes were performed using a portable MA-XRF scanning system, and in addition to presenting the utility of the instrument in these investigations, the work also presents possibilities to explore the MA-XRF data through multivariate statistical analysis and image correlation.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20170826

Maximum number of repetitions at different percentages of maximum strength in older men: a crossover study
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Ferrari, Rodrigo

; Domingues, Lucas Betti

; Pinto, Ronei Silveira

; Carpes, Leandro de Oliveira

; Kruel, Luiz Fernando Martins

Motriz: Revista de Educação Física

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2022, Volume 28 N. spe2 elocation e10220011022

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Introduction: Based on the inverse relationship between the amount of weight lifted and the maximum number of repetitions (RM) performed, the intensity prescription method based on a percentage of maximum strength (%1RM) has been widely used in different populations, including older adults. However, considerable inter-individual variability in RM performed at a given %1RM has been reported in previous studies on this topic. Aim: To compare the number of repetitions performed at 60, 75, and 90%1RM in lower and upper limb resistance exercises in older adults. Methods: Fifteen men aged between 60 and 75 years performed two preliminary sessions (familiarization + and 1RM tests) and three experimental sessions (RM tests at 60, 75, and 90%1RM on knee extension and elbow flexion exercises). Movement velocity for each concentric and eccentric muscle action was 1.5-2 s. Statistical comparisons regarding the RM performed in each %1RM were tested using the Generalized Estimating Equations analysis. Results: The RM during knee extension exercise was significantly lower when compared to elbow flexion at 60% 1RM. On the other hand, the RM during knee extension exercise was significantly higher when compared to elbow flexion at 90%1RM. A similar number of repetitions at 75%1RM were performed in both exercises. Conclusion: Physically active older men can perform different RM at 60% and 90%1RM in knee extension and elbow flexion exercises, suggesting that the use of a specific RM range cannot be associated to the same percentage of 1RM in this individuals.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1980-657420220110122

Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of curcumin transdermal gel in an IL-10 knockout mouse model of inflammatory bowel disease
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ARAUJO, FERNANDA O.

; FELÍCIO, MATHEUS B.

; LIMA, CÁSSIO F.

; PICCOLO, MAYRA S.

; PIZZIOLO, VIRGÍNIA R.

; DIAZ-MUÑOZ, GASPAR

; BASTOS, DANIEL S.S.

; OLIVEIRA, LEANDRO L.

; PELUZIO, MARIA DO C.G.

; DIAZ, MARISA A.N.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2022, Volume 94 N. 4 elocation e20201378

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Inflammatory bowel diseases are a group of inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. Their prevalence is still low in Brazil, but the incidence is increasing annually. A variety of compounds present in Curcuma longa L., particularly curcumin, have been shown to reduce oxidative stress and aid in the prevention of associated diseases. This study aimed to assess the effect of curcumin transdermal gel on oxidative stress and intestinal inflammation in IL-10 knockout mice. Female mice were divided into four groups: a control group (C0) treated with vehicle and three experimental groups treated with transdermal gel containing 50 (C50), 75 (C75), and 100 (C100) mg curcumin kg−1 body weight. Colon malondialdehyde concentrations were lower in C50 and C75 groups. C100 treatment led to reduced catalase activity in the small intestine, whereas C50, C75, and C100 treatments resulted in decreased catalase activity in the colon. In contrast, superoxide dismutase activity increased in the small intestine of C50 and C75 mice and decreased in the colon of C50, C75, and C100 mice. Glutathione S-transferase activity increased in the small intestine and decreased in the colon of C75 animals. These findings suggest that curcumin transdermal gel exerts a protective effect against oxidative stress.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202220201378

COVID-19 in the Perioperative Period of Cardiovascular Surgery: the Brazilian Experience
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Gomes, Walter J.

; Rocco, Isadora

; Pimentel, Wallace S.

; Pinheiro, Aislan H. B.

; Souza, Paulo M. S.

; Costa, Luiz A. A.

; Teixeira, Marjory M. P.

; Ohashi, Leonardo P.

; Bublitz, Caroline

; Begot, Isis

; Moreira, Rita Simone L

; Hossne Jr, Nelson A.

; Vargas, Guilherme F.

; Branco, João Nelson R.

; Teles, Carlos A.

; Medeiros, Eduardo A. S.

; Sáfadi, Camila

; Rampinelli, Amândio

; Moratelli Neto, Leopoldo

; Rosado, Anderson Rosa

; Mesacasa, Franciele Kuhn

; Capriata, Ismael Escobar

; Segalote, Rodrigo Coelho

; Palmieri, Deborah Louize da Rocha Vianna

; Jardim, Amanda Cristina Mendes

; Vianna, Diego Sarty

; Coutinho, Joaquim Henrique de Souza Aguiar

; Jazbik, João Carlos

; Coutinho, Henrique Madureira da Rocha

; Kikuta, Gustavo

; Almeida, Zely Sant'Anna Marotti de

; Feguri, Gibran Roder

; Lima, Paulo Ruiz Lucio de

; Franco, Anna Carolina

; Borges, Danilo de Cerqueira

; Cruz, Felipe Ramos Honorato De La

; Croti, Ulisses Alexandre

; Borim, Bruna Cury

; Marchi, Carlos Henrique De

; Goraieb, Lilian

; Postigo, Karolyne Barroca Sanches

; Jucá, Fabiano Gonçalves

; Oliveira, Fátima Rosane de Almeida

; Souza, Rafael Bezerra de

; Zilli, Alexandre Cabral

; Mas, Raul Gaston Sanchez

; Bettiati Junior, Luiz Carlos

; Tranchesi, Ricardo

; Bertini Jr, Ayrton

; Franco, Leandro Vieira

; Fernandes, Priscila

; Oliveira, Fabiana

; Moraes Jr, Roberto

; Araújo, Thiago Cavalcanti Vila Nova de

; Braga, Otávio Penna

; Pedrosa Sobrinho, Antônio Cavalcanti

; Teixeira, Roberta Tavares Barreto

; Camboim, Irla Lavor Lucena

; Gomes, Eduardo Nascimento

; Reis, Pedro Horigushi

; Garcia, Luara Piovan

; Scorsioni, Nelson Henrique Goes

; Lago, Roberto

; Guizilini, Solange

Brazilian Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery

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dec 2021, Volume 36 N. 6 Pages 725 - 735

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Introduction: We investigated the clinical course and outcomes of patients submitted to cardiovascular surgery in Brazil and who had developed symptoms/signs of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the perioperative period. Methods: A retrospective multicenter study including 104 patients who were allocated in three groups according to time of positive real time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for the SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2): group 1, patients who underwent cardiac surgery > 10 days after positive RT-PCR; group 2, patients with a positive RT-PCR within 10 days before or after surgery; group 3, patients who presented positive RT-PCR > 10 days after surgery. The primary outcome was mortality and secondary outcomes were postoperative complications, intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay, and postoperative days of hospitalization. Results: The three groups were similar with respect to age, the European System of Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation score, and comorbidities, except hypertension. Postoperative complications and death were significantly higher in groups 2 and 3 than in group 1, and no significant difference between groups 2 and 3 was seen. Group 2 showed a high prevalence of surgery performed as an urgent procedure. Although no significant differences were observed in ICU length of stay, total postoperative hospitalization time was significantly higher in group 3 than in groups 1 and 2. Conclusion: COVID-19 affecting the postoperative period of patients who underwent cardiovascular surgery is associated with a higher rate of morbidity and mortality. Delaying procedures in RT-PCR-positive patients may help reduce risks of perioperative complications and death.

https://doi.org/10.21470/1678-9741-2021-0960

Allyl Dibenzoylmethane Derivative: Antimelanoma Activity and Study of Its Molecular Mechanism of Interaction with DNA
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Baeta, Jefferson V. P. B.

; Andrade, Ulisses M. S.

; Oliveira, Rayane M.

; Oliveira, Leandro

; Santos, Anésia A.

; Diaz-Muñoz, Gaspar

; Rocha, Márcio S.

; Diaz, Marisa A. N.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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jul 2021, Volume 32 N. 7 Pages 1491 - 1497

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

In this study, we assessed the cytotoxic effect of 1,3-diphenyl-2-allyl-1,3-propanedione (DPAP) on B16F10 and Tm5 melanoma cells and investigated its interaction with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) using optical tweezers. The compound showed to be effective against B16F10 cells with selectivity index (SI) of 7.92 and interaction to the outer surface of the double helix, probably at the minor groove of DNA. This likely induced a bending deformation of the polymer chain, decreasing persistence length, and indicated that each DPAP molecule occupies a single base pair upon binding to the double helix.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20210048 63 downloads

10.

Sexual dimorphism in the turtle Kinosternon scorpioides (Testudines: Kinosternidae) from Marajó Island, Brazilian Amazon
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Silva-da-Silva, Joilson

; dos-Santos-Braga, Brenda-Stefany

; Da-Silva-Costa, Juliane

; Schlemmer-Brasil, Leandro

; Lobato-de-Oliveira-Bahia, Verônica-Regina

; Pimentel-Leal, Relionan

; Felipe-Marques, José-Ribamar

; de-Araújo-Guimarães, Diva-Anélie

Revista de Biología Tropical

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jun 2021, Volume 69 N. 2 Pages 601 - 614

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Introducción: La morfometría es una técnica eficiente y de bajo costo, utilizada en estudios de dimorfismo sexual en tortugas, mediante el marcado de puntos anatómicos. Este grupo incluye Kinosternon scorpioides scorpioides, con una amplia variedad fenotípica, dependiendo del área en la que se encuentra presente. Objetivo: Este estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar la diferencia sexual entre K. s. scorpioides, adultos y juveniles, a través del análisis morfométrico; y verificar la relación entre las medidas de peso para adultos y los factores ambientales (temperatura y precipitación) en la isla de Marajó, Brasil. Métodos: La recolecta se realizó de marzo a septiembre de 2018, cubriendo tanto la temporada de lluvias (enero a julio) como la estación seca (agosto a diciembre). Para el análisis biométrico, se utilizaron 95 animales adultos y 21 crías, en los que se midió la longitud y el ancho del caparazón y el plastrón, la altura del casco y el peso en adultos. Para la morfometría geométrica, se utilizaron 21 adultos y 13 juveniles, en los que se identificaron 27 coordenadas de puntos de referencia anatómicos en el caparazón y 11 en el plastrón. Los individuos recién eclosionados fueron sexados por histología de rutina, que permite identificar ovarios y testículos. Resultados: Los datos analizados mostraron que existe dimorfismo sexual en adultos. El plastrón y la altura fueron mayores en las hembras, que tenían un caparazón más redondeado que los machos. Esta característica puede estar relacionada con la estrategia sexual de la especie, donde los machos imponen la cópula. En los juveniles recién eclosionados fue posible identificar histológicamente los ovarios y los testículos, pero no hubo diferencias sexuales en relación con la morfometría corporal, a pesar de la tendencia a diferenciarse en el análisis de PCA de caparazón. Conclusiones: El dimorfismo sexual en K. s. scorpioides puede desempeñar un papel importante en su comportamiento reproductivo, que ocurre en sincronía con los eventos ambientales. Este hecho sugiere que las estrategias reproductivas de esta especie se verían gravemente afectadas por los cambios en el ecosistema.

Abstract Introduction: Morphometrics analysis is an efficient and low-cost technique used in studies of sexual dimorphism in turtles. Kinosternon scorpioides scorpioides, scorpion mud turtle, has a wide phenotypic variation, depending on the area of its occurrence. Objective: The objective of this work was to identify the anatomical sexual difference of K. s. scorpioides, adults and hatchlings, through morphometric analysis; and relate the weights of adult animals to environmental factors (temperature and rainfall) in Marajó Island, Brazil. Methods: The sample collection was carried out from March to September 2018, covering both the rainy season (January to July) and the dry season (August to December). For the biometric analysis, 95 adults and 21 hatchlings were used, in which the length and width of the carapace and plastron, height of the shell, and weight were measured (adults only). For the geometric morphometry analysis, 21 adults and 13 hatchlings were used, in which 27 coordinates of anatomical landmarks were inserted in each image of the carapace and 11 in the plastron. Hatchlings were sexed by histology which was enabled by the identification of the ovaries and testicles. Results: The results showed the existence of dimorphism in adults. The plastron and height were higher in females, which had a more rounded carapace than males. This characteristic may be related to the species’ sexual strategy, where males impose copulation. Histologically, it was possible to identify the ovaries and testicles in the hatchlings, but there was no anatomical sexual difference, despite the tendency to differentiate in the analysis of carapace PCA. Conclusions: Sexual dimorphism in K. s. scorpioides may play an important role on its reproductive behavior, which is synchronized with environmental events. This fact suggests that the reproductive strategies of this species would be severely affected by changes in the ecosystem.

https://doi.org/10.15517/rbt.v69i2.42834

11.

The Program for Biodiversity Research in Brazil: The role of regional networks for biodiversity knowledge, dissemination, and conservation
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ROSA, CLARISSA

; BACCARO, FABRICIO

; CRONEMBERGER, CECILIA

; HIPÓLITO, JULIANA

; BARROS, CLAUDIA FRANCA

; RODRIGUES, DOMINGOS DE JESUS

; NECKEL-OLIVEIRA, SELVINO

; OVERBECK, GERHARD E.

; DRECHSLER-SANTOS, ELISANDRO RICARDO

; ANJOS, MARCELO RODRIGUES DOS

; FERREGUETTI, ÁTILLA C.

; AKAMA, ALBERTO

; MARTINS, MARLÚCIA BONIFÁCIO

; TOMAS, WALFRIDO MORAES

; SANTOS, SANDRA APARECIDA

; FERREIRA, VANDA LÚCIA

; CUNHA, CATIA NUNES DA

; PENHA, JERRY

; PINHO, JOÃO BATISTA DE

; SALIS, SUZANA MARIA

; DORIA, CAROLINA RODRIGUES DA COSTA

; PILLAR, VALÉRIO D.

; PODGAISKI, LUCIANA R.

; MENIN, MARCELO

; BÍGIO, NARCÍSIO COSTA

; ARAGÓN, SUSAN

; MANZATTO, ANGELO GILBERTO

; VÉLEZ-MARTIN, EDUARDO

; SILVA, ANA CAROLINA BORGES LINS E

; IZZO, THIAGO JUNQUEIRA

; MORTATI, AMANDA FREDERICO

; GIACOMIN, LEANDRO LACERDA

; ALMEIDA, THAÍS ELIAS

; ANDRÉ, THIAGO

; SILVEIRA, MARIA AUREA PINHEIRO DE ALMEIDA

; SILVEIRA, ANTÔNIO LAFFAYETE PIRES DA

; MESSIAS, MARILUCE REZENDE

; MARQUES, MARCIA C.M.

; PADIAL, ANDRE ANDRIAN

; MARQUES, RENATO

; BITAR, YOUSZEF O.C.

; SILVEIRA, MARCOS

; MORATO, ELDER FERREIRA

; PAGOTTO, RUBIANI DE CÁSSIA

; STRUSSMANN, CHRISTINE

; MACHADO, RICARDO BOMFIM

; AGUIAR, LUDMILLA MOURA DE SOUZA

; FERNANDES, GERALDO WILSON

; OKI, YUMI

; NOVAIS, SAMUEL

; FERREIRA, GUILHERME BRAGA

; BARBOSA, FLÁVIA RODRIGUES

; OCHOA, ANA C.

; MANGIONE, ANTONIO M.

; GATICA, AILIN

; CARRIZO, MARÍA CELINA

; RETTA, LUCÍA MARTINEZ

; JOFRÉ, LAURA E.

; CASTILLO, LUCIANA L.

; NEME, ANDREA M.

; RUEDA, CARLA

; TOLEDO, JOSÉ JULIO DE

; GRELLE, CARLOS EDUARDO VIVEIROS

; VALE, MARIANA M.

; VIEIRA, MARCUS VINICIUS

; CERQUEIRA, RUI

; HIGASHIKAWA, EMÍLIO MANABU

; MENDONÇA, FERNANDO PEREIRA DE

; GUERREIRO, QUÊZIA LEANDRO DE MOURA

; BANHOS, AUREO

; HERO, JEAN-MARC

; KOBLITZ, RODRIGO

; COLLEVATTI, ROSANE GARCIA

; SILVEIRA, LUÍS FÁBIO

; VASCONCELOS, HERALDO L.

; VIEIRA, CECÍLIA RODRIGUES

; COLLI, GUARINO RINALDI

; CECHIN, SONIA ZANINI

; SANTOS, TIAGO GOMES DOS

; FONTANA, CARLA S.

; JARENKOW, JOÃO A.

; MALABARBA, LUIZ R.

; RUEDA, MARTA P.

; ARAUJO, PUBLIO A.

; PALOMO, LUCAS

; ITURRE, MARTA C.

; BERGALLO, HELENA GODOY

; MAGNUSSON, WILLIAM E.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2021, Volume 93 N. 2 elocation e20201604

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract The Program for Biodiversity Research (PPBio) is an innovative program designed to integrate all biodiversity research stakeholders. Operating since 2004, it has installed long-term ecological research sites throughout Brazil and its logic has been applied in some other southern-hemisphere countries. The program supports all aspects of research necessary to understand biodiversity and the processes that affect it. There are presently 161 sampling sites (see some of them at Supplementary Appendix), most of which use a standardized methodology that allows comparisons across biomes and through time. To date, there are about 1200 publications associated with PPBio that cover topics ranging from natural history to genetics and species distributions. Most of the field data and metadata are available through PPBio web sites or DataONE. Metadata is available for researchers that intend to explore the different faces of Brazilian biodiversity spatio-temporal variation, as well as for managers intending to improve conservation strategies. The Program also fostered, directly and indirectly, local technical capacity building, and supported the training of hundreds of undergraduate and graduate students. The main challenge is maintaining the long-term funding necessary to understand biodiversity patterns and processes under pressure from global environmental changes.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202120201604 1034 downloads

12.

Rosmarinus officinalis L. (rosemary) extract has antibiofilm effect similar to the antifungal nystatin on Candida samples
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MECCATTI, VANESSA M.

; OLIVEIRA, JONATAS R. DE

; FIGUEIRA, LEANDRO W.

; LAGAREIRO NETTO, AMANDIO A.

; ZAMARIOLI, LUCAS S.

; MARCUCCI, MARIA C.

; CAMARGO, SAMIRA E.A.

; CARVALHO, CLÁUDIO A.T.

; OLIVEIRA, LUCIANE D. DE

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2021, Volume 93 N. 2 elocation e20190366

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Candida spp. are naturally opportunistic and can promote infections. These yeasts can form biofilm, after penetration and adhesion to the biotic or abiotic surfaces. Preexisting diseases, treatments with drugs and radiation therapy, medical procedures, and parafunctional habits favor the installation of a fungal infection. Increased resistance to the available antifungals has become a concern. Therefore, alternative methods to control them have been evaluated, including the use of plant substances. In this study, the antibiofilm effect of R. officinalis L. extract was analyzed on C. albicans, C. dubliniensis, C. glabrata, C. krusei, and C. tropicalis. A phytochemical analysis of the extract was performed. Biofilms were formed for 48 h and exposed to the different concentrations of the extract (50, 100, and 200 mg/mL) for 5 min or 24 h. The effect of the plant extract was compared to the antifungal nystatin. Rosmarinus officinalis L. extract was constituted of phenols and flavonoids, highlighting the presence of chlorogenic acid derivatives in its composition. Biofilm reductions were observed after exposure to the plant extract for both periods. The plant extract provided a reduction similar to the antifungal. Thus, R. officinalis L. extract showed antibiofilm effect on Candida spp. comparable to the nystatin.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202120190366 517 downloads

13.

COVID-19: The question of genetic diversity and therapeutic intervention approaches
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Figueiredo, David Livingstone Alves

; Ximenez, João Paulo Bianchi

; Seiva, Fábio Rodrigues Ferreira

; Panis, Carolina

; Bezerra, Rafael dos Santos

; Ferrasa, Adriano

; Cecchini, Alessandra Lourenço

; Medeiros, Alexandra Ivo de

; Almeida, Ana Marisa Fusco

; Ramão, Anelisa

; Boldt, Angelica Beate Winter

; Moya, Carla Fredrichsen

; Chin, Chung Man

; Paula, Daniel de

; Rech, Daniel

; Gradia, Daniela Fiori

; Malheiros, Danielle

; Venturini, Danielle

; Tavares, Eliandro Reis

; Carraro, Emerson

; Ribeiro, Enilze Maria de Souza Fonseca

; Pereira, Evani Marques

; Tuon, Felipe Francisco

; Follador, Franciele Aní Caovilla

; Fernandes, Glaura Scantamburlo Alves

; Volpato, Hélito

; Cólus, Ilce Mara de Syllos

; Oliveira, Jaqueline Carvalho de

; Rodrigues, Jean Henrique da Silva

; Santos, Jean Leandro dos

; Visentainer, Jeane Eliete Laguila

; Brandi, Juliana Cristina

; Serpeloni, Juliana Mara

; Bonini, Juliana Sartori

; Oliveira, Karen Brajão de

; Fiorentin, Karine

; Lucio, Léia Carolina

; Faccin-Galhardi, Ligia Carla

; Ferreto, Lirane Elize Defante

; Lioni, Lucy Megumi Yamauchi

; Consolaro, Marcia Edilaine Lopes

; Vicari, Marcelo Ricardo

; Arbex, Marcos Abdo

; Pileggi, Marcos

; Watanabe, Maria Angelica Ehara

; Costa, Maria Antônia Ramos

; Giannini, Maria José S. Mendes

; Amarante, Marla Karine

; Khalil, Najeh Maissar

; Lima Neto, Quirino Alves de

; Herai, Roberto H.

; Guembarovski, Roberta Losi

; Shinsato, Rogério N.

; Mainardes, Rubiana Mara

; Giuliatti, Silvana

; Yamada-Ogatta, Sueli Fumie

; Gerber, Viviane Knuppel de Quadros

; Pavanelli, Wander Rogério

; Silva, Weber Claudio da

; Petzl-Erler, Maria Luiza

; Valente, Valeria

; Soares, Christiane Pienna

; Cavalli, Luciane Regina

; Silva Jr, Wilson Araujo

Genetics and Molecular Biology

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2021, Volume 44 N. 1 elocation e20200452

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is the largest pandemic in modern history with very high infection rates and considerable mortality. The disease, which emerged in China’s Wuhan province, had its first reported case on December 29, 2019, and spread rapidly worldwide. On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the COVID-19 outbreak a pandemic and global health emergency. Since the outbreak, efforts to develop COVID-19 vaccines, engineer new drugs, and evaluate existing ones for drug repurposing have been intensively undertaken to find ways to control this pandemic. COVID-19 therapeutic strategies aim to impair molecular pathways involved in the virus entrance and replication or interfere in the patients’ overreaction and immunopathology. Moreover, nanotechnology could be an approach to boost the activity of new drugs. Several COVID-19 vaccine candidates have received emergency-use or full authorization in one or more countries, and others are being developed and tested. This review assesses the different strategies currently proposed to control COVID-19 and the issues or limitations imposed on some approaches by the human and viral genetic variability.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2020-0452

14.

Influência de Sorghum bicolor na emergência e desenvolvimento de Senna obtusifolia
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Fonseca, Wéverson L.

; Sousa, Tiago O.

; Santos, Adaniel S.

; Oliveira, João B. S.

; Pacheco, Leandro P.

; Fonseca, Rosane L.

; Zuffo, Alan M.

; Oliveira, Augusto M.

; Santos, Râmison F.

; Gomes, Tiago S.

Revista de Ciências Agrárias

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jun 2020, Volume 43 N. 2 Pages 67 - 85

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Na busca de alternativas para o controle de plantas daninhas, tem sido estudado o efeito físico e alelopático de culturas de cobertura. O objetivo deste trabalho consistiu em avaliar o potencial alelopático do taxóne Sorghum bicolor (sorgo) em diferentes quantidades de biomassa à superfície ou incorporada no solo na emergência e crescimento da planta daninha Senna obtusifolia. O estudo foi realizado em estufa num delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições, em esquema fatorial (2 x 4) + 1 constituído por duas formas de adição ao solo do sorgo - incorporado e à superfície -, com quatro quantidades de biomassa - 3, 6, 9 e 12 t ha-1 de sorgo, mais um tratamento sem a utilização de cultura de cobertura (testemunha). As variáveis analisadas foram número total de plantas emergidas, área foliar, biomassa seca da parte aérea, volume de raízes e biomassa seca de raízes de S. obtusifolia. As formas de gestão em diferentes quantidades de biomassa de S. bicolor mostraram-se eficientes no controle de fedegoso (S. obtusifolia), com uma redução significativa (superior a 50%) na emergência, a partir de 2,81 t ha-1. A utilização do sorgo à superfície do solo proporcionou uma maior e significativa redução do número de plantas emergidas da planta daninha, independentemente da quantidade aplicada. A incorporação ao solo da biomassa de S. bicolor evidenciou também uma maior e significativa redução do crescimento de S. obtusifolia.

ABSTRACT In the search for alternatives to weed control, the physical and allelopathic effect of cover crops has been studied. The objective of this work was to evaluate the allelopathic potential of Sorghum bicolor in the emergence and growth of the weed Senna obtusifolia. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse using a completely randomized experimental design, with four replications, in a factorial scheme (2 x 4) + 1, consisting of two soil addition forms of S. bicolor dry biomass (built-in and surface) with four amounts of the cover crop straws (3, 6, 9 and 12 t ha-1), plus one treatment without the use of cover crop (control). The analyzed variables were total number of emerged plants, leaf area, shoot dry matter, root volume and root dry matter of S. obtusifolia. The different amounts of dry biomass addition of S. bicolor were efficient in the control of S. obtusifolia, with a significant reduction (more than 50%) in the emergency when it was used in quantities from 2.81 t ha-1. Regardless of the biomass amount of S. bicolor, its use on the soil surface provided a greater reduction in the number of emerged weed plants. While the use of biomass incorporated in the soil, provided greater reduction of the growth of S. obtusifolia.

https://doi.org/10.19084/rca.15266 39 downloads

15.

DESENVOLVIMENTO DE METODOLOGIAS ANALÍTICAS PARA DETERMINAÇÃO DE CLORPIRIFÓS EM AMOSTRAS AQUOSAS EMPREGANDO A MICROEXTRAÇÃO LÍQUIDO-LÍQUIDO DISPERSIVA SEGUIDA POR HPLC-UV
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Oliveira, Adão S.

; Honório, Leandro

; Matos, Mayara L. de

; Souza, João Batista G. de

Química Nova

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jan 2020, Volume 43 N. 1 Pages 9 - 15

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

The miniaturized extraction techniques use less aggressive methods to the environment, since they generate less waste and spend a minimum of organic solvents, besides having a good selectivity and specificity in the extractions. In this context, liquid-liquid dispersive microextraction (DLLME) has been highlighting. Thus, the present article describes an optimization of the DLLME using low environmental impact extractor solvent to determine the chlorpyrifos insecticide in water. The analytical curves presented values for the correlation coefficient (r) higher than 0.999. The limits of detection and quantification were 0.24 and 0.80 µg L-1, respectively. There were recoveries between 93 and 97 %, with relative standard deviation (RSD) varying between 1.00 and 3.61%. The developed methods presented accurate and reliable results, are simple and safe, characteristics important for the implementation of a methodology as a routine analysis, and were applied in the determination of chlorpyrifos in water samples from five points along the Rio Dourados, near the city of Fátima do Sul.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20170453 448 downloads

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