Abstract The use of wood is often indicated as a decarbonization strategy for the construction sector. However, the CO 2 footprint of native wood, that is, the emissions during wood harvesting, transportation, and processing, depends on the type of forest management practiced. This study quantifies the CO 2 footprint of native rough sawn lumber from forests with three types of harvesting: sustainable management, conventional management, and conventional selective extraction (deforestation). CO 2 emissions were analyzed from harvesting to the end of wood processing based on data from the literature and the Construction Environmental Performance Information System. The CO 2 footprint of rough sawn lumber varies between 25 and 19,860 kCO 2 /m 3 , with the lowest values for wood from sustainable management and the highest for conventional selective extraction. In addition, managed wood stores temporarily in its cell structure ~353kgC/m 3 . Native wood from sustainable harvesting can contribute to decarbonizing buildings, whereas wood from conventional harvesting and deforestation are relevant sources of CO 2 emissions, considering the wood life cycle.

Resmo O uso da madeira é frequentemente apontado como uma estratégia de descarbonização para a construção. Entretanto, a pegada de CO2 da madeira nativa, ou seja, que são as emissões decorrentes da sua exploração florestal, transporte e beneficiamento, depende do tipo de manejo florestal. Este estudo quantifica a pegada de CO2 da madeira nativa serrada bruta, proveniente de três tipos de exploração florestal: manejo sustentável, manejo convencional e extração seletiva convencional (desmatamento). Analisaram-se as emissões de CO2 da exploração florestal até o término do beneficiamento da madeira, com dados da literatura e do Sistema de Informação do Desempenho Ambiental da Construção. A pegada de CO2 da madeira serrada bruta varia entre 25 e 19.860 kgCO2/m3, com os menores valores para a madeira de manejo sustentável e os maiores para a madeira de extração seletiva convencional. Além disso, a madeira manejada estoca temporariamente, em sua estrutura celular, ~353 kgC/m3. Madeiras nativas de manejo florestal sustentável podem contribuir com a descarbonização dos edifícios, enquanto as madeiras de manejo convencional e, sobretudo, de desmatamentosão fontes expressivas de CO2 dentro do seu ciclo de vida.

Abstract Clay minerals are still widely used in pharmaceutical products for human health and cosmetic purposes. Pre-formulation studies were conducted to identify solid-state properties of pink clay, a sample from Diamantina, Brazil. Among the solid properties to be analyzed, we have selected type identification, iron phases, crystallinity, powder flow characteristics, thermal behavior, and non-isothermal phase transition kinetics. The pink clay is composed of (1:1) clay type and kaolinite as the main component. The Mössbauer spectrum of pink clay shows Fe3+(α-Fe2O3) hematite, Fe2+, and Fe3+ with large Δ/2ξq of about 2.80 and 2.69 mm.s-1 respectively, related to iron silicates, most likely pyroxene, and a superparamagnetic Fe3+. Pink clay exhibits poor flow properties. The thermal behavior indicates a phase-transition between 400 - 600 ºC associated with the dehydroxylation of the pink clay system requiring ~300 kJ mol-1, being constant until the process reaches a conversion of ~50% when the energy is enhanced to ~530 kJ mol-1, concluding the whole dehydroxylation process (α=80%). Solid-state properties and characteristics found for the pink clay must be considered for the proper design of formulations. This type of clay shows unique pharmaceutical properties that can be favorably exploited by the cosmetic industry.

ABSTRACT Objectives: to validate the content and appearance of a booklet to promote the health of people with diabetes mellitus in the face of COVID-19. Methods: a methodological study, carried out in a virtual environment with experts who had practical and scientific experience in diabetes mellitus, from November 2021 to February 2022. Data were analyzed using the Content Validity Ratio. Results: twenty-seven experts from different states of Brazil and with different academic backgrounds participated in the study. In content validity, reviews were suggested in items in relation to objectives and structure, in appearance validity, adjustments in layout were suggested. Conclusions: the results showed that the booklet achieved adequate content and appearance validity rates. Therefore, when adapting to experts’ suggestions, it becomes an accurate tool.

RESUMEN Objetivos: validar el contenido y apariencia de una cartilla para promover la salud de las personas con diabetes mellitus frente al COVID-19. Métodos: estudio metodológico, realizado en ambiente virtual con especialistas que tenían experiencia práctica y científica en diabetes mellitus, de noviembre de 2021 a febrero de 2022. Los datos fueron analizados mediante el Índice de Validez de Contenido. Resultados: participaron del estudio 27 especialistas de diferentes estados de Brasil y con diferentes formaciones académicas. En la validación de contenido se sugirieron revisiones en ítems en relación a los objetivos y estructura, en la validación de apariencia se sugirieron ajustes en el layout. Conclusiones: los resultados mostraron que la cartilla logró índices adecuados de validación de contenido y apariencia. Por lo tanto, al adaptarse a las sugerencias de los expertos, se convierte en una herramienta certera.

RESUMO Objetivos: validar o conteúdo e a aparência de uma cartilha para promoção da saúde de pessoas com diabetes mellitus diante da COVID-19. Métodos: estudo metodológico, realizado em ambiente virtual com especialistas que possuíam experiência prática e científica em diabetes mellitus, de novembro de 2021 a fevereiro de 2022. Os dados foram analisados por meio da Razão de Validade de Conteúdo. Resultados: participaram do estudo 27 especialistas de diferentes estados do Brasil e com diferentes formações acadêmicas. Na validação de conteúdo, foram sugeridas revisões em itens em relação aos objetivos e estrutura, já na validação de aparência, foram sugeridos ajustes no layout. Conclusões: os resultados evidenciaram que a cartilha alcançou índices adequados de validação de conteúdo e aparência. Portanto, ao adequar-se às sugestões dos especialistas, torna-se uma ferramenta acurada.

Abstract Chagas disease is a neglected parasitic disease caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, whose treatment has remained unsatisfactory for over 50 years, given that it is limited to two drugs. Benznidazole (BZN) is an efficient antichagasic drug used as the first choice, although its poor water-solubility, irregular oral absorption, low efficacy in the chronic phase, and various associated adverse effects are limiting factors for treatment. Incorporating drugs with such characteristics into nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) is a promising alternative to overcome these limiting obstacles, enhancing drug efficacy and bioavailability while reducing toxicity. Therefore, this study proposed NLC-BZN formulations in different compositions prepared by hot-melt homogenization followed by ultrasound, and the optimized formulation was characterized by FTIR, DRX, DSC, and thermogravimetry. Biological activities included in vitro membrane toxicity (red blood cells), fibroblast cell cytotoxicity, and trypanocidal activity against epimastigotes of the Colombian strain of T. cruzi. The optimized NLC-BZN had a small size (110 nm), negative zeta potential (-18.0 mV), and high encapsulation (1.64% of drug loading), as shown by infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and thermal analysis. The NLC-BZN also promoted lower in vitro membrane toxicity (<3% hemolysis), and 50% cytotoxic concentration (CC50) for NLC-BZN in L929 fibroblast cells (110.7 µg/mL) was twice the value as the free BZN (51.3 µg/mL). Our findings showed that the NLC-BZN had higher trypanocidal activity than free BZN against the epimastigotes of the resistant Colombian strain, and this novel NLC-BZN formulation proved to be a promising tool in treating Chagas disease and considered suitable for oral and parenteral administration.

Abstract Objective To assess the level of exercise of older people with Parkinson's disease (PD), taking into account sociodemographic, clinical, and functional characteristics. Method A cross-sectional study was carried out based on the following data: level of physical activity (International Physical Activity Questionnaire short version - short IPAQ), sleep disorders, cognitive complaints, duration of illness, degree of dependence to perform basic daily activities through Schwab & England (S&E) scale of older individuals with PD treated at a tertiary health service during the covid-19 pandemic. Poisson regression, Mann-Whitney U test and Student's t test were used for statistical analysis. Results The prevalence ratio of being active increased by 1.04 (95% CI 1.01 - 1.08) for every 10 points of elevation on the S&E scale, whereas those who did not report sleep difficulties had a prevalence ratio of 1.17 (95% CI 1.02-1.34) times greater to be active. Inactive individuals with PD were older and had longer disease duration. Conclusion Emphasis should be given to the functional capacity and sleep of individuals with PD for the adequate management of the PA level in periods of social restriction.

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar o nível de atividade física, considerando as condições sociodemográficas, clínicas e funcionais, de pessoas idosas com Doença de Parkinson (DP). Método Foi realizado um estudo transversal a partir dos seguintes dados: nível de atividade física (International Physical Activity Questionnaire versão curta - IPAQ curto), transtornos do sono, queixa cognitiva, tempo de doença, grau de dependência para realizar atividades básicas do dia a dia pela escala Schwab & England (S & E) de indivíduos idosos com DP atendidos em um serviço de saúde terciário, durante a pandemia da covid-19. Regressão de Poisson, teste U de Mann-Whitney e teste t de Student foram utilizados para análise estatística. Resultados A cada 10 pontos de elevação na escala de S & E, a razão de prevalência de ser ativo foi maior em 1,04 (IC 95% 1,01 – 1,08) e quem não referiu transtorno de sono teve razão de prevalência de 1,17 (IC95% 1,02-1,34) vez maior de ser ativo. Indivíduos com DP inativos eram mais velhos e tinham maior tempo de doença. Conclusão Ênfase deve ser dada a capacidade funcional e ao sono de indivíduos com DP para o manejo adequado do nível de AF em períodos de restrição social.

ABSTRACT Stroke is a chronic health condition that requires monitoring. In this sense, telehealth emerges as a tool to enable better access. However, since it is related to use of technology, this modality might face new barriers. Our goal was to identify, with a systematic literature review, the perceived barriers to telehealth access by stroke patients and conceptualize them within the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model. The systematic review was carried out in the following electronic databases: PubMed, MEDLINE, SciELO, LILACS, and PEDro; and the combination of descriptors were: “Barriers to Access to Health Care,” “Telerehabilitation,” “Telehealth,” “Stroke,” and “Physical Therapy Modalities.” The included studies focused on telehealth barriers perceived by stroke patients. Initially, 298 articles were found, 295 via databases search, and three via active search; of these, only six articles were included in this review. Overall, the articles revealed the perception of more than 220 stroke patients, with barriers categorized into eight types, most of them related to the dimensions of Effort Expectancy and Facilitating Conditions of the UTAUT model. The barriers of the Effort Expectation dimension that are related to the knowledge in the use of technologies are likely to be overcome since training can be carried out before the telehealth service. However, the barriers related to the Facilitating Conditions dimension regarding financial aspects, the internet, and home context are difficult to overcome, possibly interfering with user’s acceptance of telehealth.

RESUMEN El accidente cerebrovascular (ACV) como una condición de salud requiere de monitoreo. En este contexto, la telesalud emerge como una posibilidad que permite un mejor acceso a los servicios de salud. Sin embargo, dado que esta modalidad está relacionada con el uso de la tecnología, se pueden surgir nuevas barreras. El objetivo de esta investigación fue identificar, mediante una revisión sistemática de la literatura, las barreras percibidas por los pacientes con ACV con respecto al acceso a la telesalud y conceptualizarlas dentro del modelo de la Teoría Unificada de Aceptación y Uso de la Tecnología (UTAUT). La revisión sistemática se realizó en las siguientes bases de datos electrónicas: PubMed, MEDLINE, SciELO, LILACS y PEDro; a partir de la combinación de los descriptores “barreras de acceso a la atención médica”, “telerrehabilitación”, “telesalud”, “accidente cerebrovascular” y “modalidades de fisioterapia”. Inicialmente, se encontraron 298 artículos, de los cuales se obtuvieron 295 mediante la búsqueda en la base de datos y tres por la búsqueda activa; de estos, solo seis artículos se incluyeron en la revisión. Los artículos revelaron la percepción de más de 220 sujetos que sufrieron ACV y ocho tipos de barreras; la mayoría de ellas relacionadas con las dimensiones Expectativa de Esfuerzo y Condiciones Facilitadoras del modelo UTAUT. Las barreras de la dimensión Expectativa de Esfuerzo, relacionadas con el conocimiento en el uso de tecnologías, se pueden superar mediante una capacitación previa antes de utilizar la telesalud. Sin embargo, las barreras asociadas con la dimensión de las Condiciones Facilitadoras respecto a los aspectos financieros, de Internet y el contexto del hogar son difíciles de superar y, por lo tanto, pueden interferir en la aceptación del uso de la telesalud por parte del usuario.

RESUMO O acidente vascular cerebral (AVC), como condição crônica de saúde, requer monitoramento. Nesse sentido, a telessaúde surge com o objetivo de possibilitar um melhor acesso aos serviços de saúde. Porém, por estar relacionada ao uso de tecnologia, essa modalidade pode enfrentar novas barreiras. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi identificar, por meio de uma revisão sistemática da literatura, as barreiras percebidas por pacientes com AVC quanto ao acesso à telessaúde e conceituá-las dentro do modelo da Teoria Unificada de Aceitação e Uso de Tecnologia (UTAUT). A revisão sistemática foi realizada nas seguintes bases de dados eletrônicas: PubMed, MEDLINE, SciELO, LILACS e PEDro; por meio da combinação dos descritores “barreiras de acesso aos cuidados de saúde”, “telerreabilitação”, “telessaúde”, “acidente vascular cerebral” e “modalidades de fisioterapia”. Inicialmente, foram encontrados 298 artigos, sendo 295 por meio da busca em bases de dados e três por meio de busca ativa, e, destes, apenas seis artigos foram incluídos na revisão. Somados, os artigos revelaram a percepção de mais de 220 indivíduos que sofreram AVC e oito tipos de barreiras, a maioria delas relacionadas às dimensões de Expectativa de Esforço e Condições Facilitadoras do modelo UTAUT. As barreiras da dimensão Expectativa de Esforço relacionadas ao conhecimento no uso de tecnologias são passíveis de serem superadas, pois treinamentos podem ser realizados previamente ao serviço de telessaúde. No entanto, as barreiras relacionadas à dimensão das Condições Facilitadoras no que se refere a aspectos financeiros, internet e contexto domiciliar são difíceis de superar, podendo, portanto, interferir na aceitação do usuário quanto ao uso da telessaúde.

Abstract Background Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune inflammatory disease that often leads patients to muscle impairment and physical disability. This study aimed to evaluate changes in the activity of proteasome system in skeletal muscles of mice with collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) and treated with etanercept or methotrexate. Methods Male DBA1/J mice were divided into four groups (n = 8 each): CIA-Vehicle (treated with saline), CIA-ETN (treated with etanercept, 5.5 mg/kg), CIA-MTX (treated with methotrexate, 35 mg/kg) and CO (healthy control group). Mice were treated two times a week for 6 weeks. Clinical score and hind paw edema were measured. Muscles were weighted after euthanasia and used to quantify proteasome activity, gene (MuRF-1, PMSα4, PSMβ5, PMSβ6, PSMβ7, PSMβ8, PSMβ9, and PSMβ10), and protein (PSMβ1, PSMβ5, PSMβ1i, PSMβ5i) expression of proteasome subunits. Results Both treatments slowed disease development, but only CIA-ETN maintained muscle weight compared to CIA-MTX and CIA-Vehicle groups. Etanercept treatment showed caspase-like activity of 26S proteasome similar to CO group, while CIA-Vehicle and CIA-MTX had higher activity compared to CO group (p: 0.0057). MuRF-1 mRNA expression was decreased after etanercept administration compared to CIA-Vehicle and CO groups (p: 0.002, p: 0.007, respectively). PSMβ8 and PSMβ9 mRNA levels were increased in CIA-Vehicle and CIA-MTX compared to CO group, while CIA-ETN presented no difference from CO. PMSβ6 mRNA expression was higher in CIA-Vehicle and CIA-MTX groups than in CO group. Protein levels of the PSMβ5 subunit were increased in CO group compared to CIA-Vehicle; after both etanercept and methotrexate treatments, PSMβ5 expression was higher than in CIA-Vehicle group and did not differ from CO group expression (p: 0.0025, p: 0.001, respectively). The inflammation-induced subunit β1 (LMP2) was enhanced after methotrexate treatment compared to CO group (p: 0.043). Conclusions The results of CIA-Vehicle show that arthritis increases muscle proteasome activation by enhanced caspase-like activity of 26S proteasome and increased PSMβ8 and PSMβ9 mRNA levels. Etanercept treatment was able to maintain the muscle weight and to modulate proteasome so that its activity and gene expression were compared to CO after TNF inhibition. The protein expression of inflammation-induced proteasome subunit was increased in muscle of CIA-MTX group but not following etanercept treatment. Thus, anti-TNF treatment may be an interesting approach to attenuate the arthritis-related muscle wasting.

ABSTRACT Sandy-textured soils are naturally more vulnerable to the erosion process and their exploitation, although possible, is often performed inappropriately, favoring its degradation. In this context, this study aimed to classify the rainfall erosivity in a region of sandy soils to identify critical situations of soil and water loss and also correlate it with rainfall data to assess whether there is temporal dependence of this variable using geostatistical techniques. The potential for alternative and sustainable production systems to be used in regions with sandy soils was also analyzed. Historical data of precipitation in the study region were analyzed to determine the average monthly and annual erosivity indices, which were classified and its temporal dependence was assessed by applying geostatistics. NDVI data from satellite images were used to investigate the soil cover pattern in different production systems. Geostatistics was adequate for the analysis of rainfall erosivity, which showed moderate to strong temporal dependence. It was classified between strong and very strong and was highly dependent on precipitation, with events of higher erosion potential between October and March in the studied region. The vicious circle of degradation of sandy soils, such as those of the Bolsão region of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, can be modified by adopting alternative and sustainable production systems that value the maximization of soil cover. Sandytextured Sandy textured exploitation possible inappropriately context techniques indices geostatistics Sul Brazil

Resumen La tendencia en el consumo de alimentos funcionales, con pocas calorías y con propie dades biológicamente activas, ha ido en aumento. El consumo de raíces tuberosas de yacón se adapta a este concepto por los altos niveles de fructooligosacáridos, lo que le confiere propiedades nutracéuticas. Sin embargo, estas propiedades pueden modularse mediante el manejo de la fertilización en el cultivo de esta planta. Así, nuestro estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar diferentes dosis de fertilización potásica en las características fisico químicas de las raíces de yacón. El diseño experimental utilizado fue de bloques al azar, con 4 repeticiones y 5 tratamientos: cuatro dosis de fertilización potásica (50%; 100%; 150%; 200%) del valor de referencia, correspondiente a 178,7 kg.ha-1; 357,4 kg.ha-1; 536,1 kg.ha-1; 714,8 kg.ha-1 de cloruro de potasio - (KCl), y un testigo (suelo sin fertilizar). Las carac terísticas químicas evaluadas fueron pH, acidez total titulable, sólidos solubles, conduc tividad, turbidez, porcentaje de humedad y cenizas. El perfil de textura se elaboró anali zando la tenacidad, la adhesividad, la cohesión, el índice de masticabilidad, la elasticidad y la pegajosidad. La fertilización con potasio mejoró las características químicas (mayores niveles de sólidos solubles y menor acidez) y las características físicas (menor dureza, masticabilidad, cohesión y adherencia) de las raíces tuberosas de yacón, aportando mayor calidad al producto final.

Abstract The already marked tendency for functional food consumption, low in calories, and with biologically active properties, has been increasing. In this scenario, yacon tuberous roots, with high levels of nutraceutical fructooligosaccharides, gain importance. However, these nutraceutical properties depend on fertilization management. Thus, our study aims to evaluate different doses of potassium fertilization on the physicochemical characteristics of yacon roots. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks, with 4 replications and 5 treatments: four doses of potassium fertilization (50%; 100%; 150%; 200%) of the reference value, corresponding to 178.7 kg.ha-1; 357.4 kg.ha-1; 536.1 kg.ha-1; 714.8 kg.ha-1 of potassium chloride - (KCl), and a control (soil without fertilization). The chemical features evaluated were pH, total titratable acidity, soluble solids, conductivity, turbidity, moisture and ashes. The texture profile was analyzed through toughness, adhesiveness, cohesiveness, chewability index, elasticity, and gooeyness. Most of the variables were influenced by potassium soil fertilization. Only turbidity, conductivity and gumminess showed no response to the applied doses, not fitting the tested models. Potassium fertilization improved both chemical (higher levels of soluble solids and less acidity) and physical characteristics (less hardness, chewability, cohesiveness, and adhesion) of yacon tuberous roots, bringing greater quality to the final product.

Abstract Objectives: To evaluate the impact of temporomandibular disorders on the quality of life of patients with dizziness. Methods: An observational, case-control study evaluated 60 individuals with dizziness (20 cases and 40 controls), who were matched for gender and age. The individuals underwent to anamnesis, overall physical and otoneurological examination, tonal and vocal audiometry and impedanciometry, video head impulse test and the dizziness handicap inventory questionnaire. Results: The otoscopy was normal for all patients. There was an association between the presence of temporomandibular disorders and aural fullness (p<0.01) and otalgia (p<0.01). Audiometry was normal in 90% of the patients in the case group, with a significant association between temporomandibular disorders and normal audiometry (p<0.01). The video head impulse test findings were normal in 66% of the patients in the case group and 45% of the control group, and there was no association between having temporomandibular disorders and vestibular alterations at the video head impulse test (p = 0.12). There were significant differences in total dizziness handicap inventory and in the functional and emotional domains (p<0.01), with higher scores in the control group. Conclusion: Aural fullness and otalgia symptoms are associated with temporomandibular disorders in patients with dizziness, and there is an association between normal complementary audiological tests and temporomandibular disorders. Vestibular alterations are not associated with temporomandibular disorders. However, patients with dizziness and without temporomandibular disorders showed greater quality of life impairment. Level of evidence: 3. Original case-control study.

Abstract Grapes have been produced successfully in semiarid regions, but fruit quality may be affected by rootstock selection. In this study, the ‘Isabel Precoce’ grape variety was cultivated onto three different rootstocks (‘IAC 572’, ‘IAC 766’, and ‘IAC 313’), and the physicochemical traits of fruits were evaluated at 14, 19, 21 and 28 days after veraison skin. The results showed that bunches increased significantly in weight and color until 19 days after veraison. In addition, grapes accumulated soluble solids, sugars, and anthocyanins during 28 days of ripening. Moreover, the rootstock used affected bunch length, pulp firmness, and the sugar and anthocyanin contents, but it did not influence skin coloring. In conclusion, ‘Isabel Precoce’ grapes reached maximum weight at 24 days after veraison and maximum soluble solids content, titratable acidity/soluble solids ratio, anthocyanins, and total soluble sugars at 28 days. Fruit on the ‘IAC 313’ and ‘IAC 766’ rootstocks had higher total soluble solids and anthocyanins at 28 days after veraison than ‘IAC 572’. ‘Isabel Precoce grapes’ produced in semiarid conditions showed good quality for fresh marketing and for wine production.

Resumen Se han producido uvas con éxito en regiones semiáridas, pero la calidad de la fruta puede verse afectada por el porta injerto utilizado. La uva ‘Isabel Precoce’ se cultivó sobre tres porta injertos diferentes (‘IAC 572’, ‘IAC 766’ e ‘IAC 313’) y se evaluaron las características fisicoquímicas de los frutos a los 14, 19, 21 y 28 días después del envero (cuando los frutos empiezan a madurar y la piel a colorear). Los resultados mostraron que los racimos aumentaron de peso y el color de la piel cambió significativamente hasta 19 días después del envero. Además, las uvas acumularon sólidos solubles, azúcares y antocianinas durante 28 días de maduración post-envero. El porta injerto utilizado afectó la longitud del racimo, la firmeza de la pulpa y el contenido de azúcar y antocianinas, pero no influyó en la coloración de la piel. En conclusión, la uva ‘Isabel Precoce’ alcanzó el peso máximo a los 24 días del envero y la máxima calidad en contenido de sólidos solubles, relación sólidos solubles /acidez titulable, antocianinas y azúcares solubles totales a los 28 días. Los porta injertos ‘IAC 313’ e ‘IAC 766’ produjeron uvas con más azúcares solubles totales y antocianinas a los 28 días después del envero que ‘IAC 572’.

RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar o ângulo de fase como método de triagem para sarcopenia. Métodos Estudo transversal realizado com 169 idosas ativas de comunidade. O ângulo de fase foi obtido por bioimpedância elétrica tetrapolar e a sarcopenia foi diagnosticada a partir da massa muscular esquelética, força muscular e performance física utilizando bioimpedância elétrica, dinamometria manual e o teste de velocidade de marcha, respectivamente. A curva Receiver Operating Characteristic foi construída para avaliar o ângulo de fase como preditor de sarcopenia. Resultados A prevalência de sarcopenia foi de 12,4%. A mediana do ângulo de fase foi de 5,30°; idosas com sarcopenia apresentaram valores menores do ângulo de fase em relação às não sarcopênicas (p=0,024). O ponto de corte do ângulo de fase para identificar sarcopenia foi ? 5,15°, com área sob a curva de 0,685, sensibilidade de 81,0%, especificidade de 60,8% e acurácia de 63,31%. Observou-se que idosas com ângulo de fase reduzido apresentaram maior chance de terem massa muscular reduzida e sarcopenia. Conclusão O ângulo de fase se mostrou útil para triagem de idosas com sarcopenia.

ABSTRACT Objective We investigated the utility of the phase angle as a screening tool for sarcopenia. Methods We performed a cross-sectional study that included 169 active community-dwelling elderly women. The phase angle was determined using tetrapolar bioelectrical impedance, and sarcopenia was diagnosed based on skeletal muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance using bioelectrical impedance analysis, a handheld dynamometer, and the gait speed test, respectively. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to investigate the role of the phase angle as a predictor of sarcopenia. Results The prevalence of sarcopenia was 12.4%. The median phase angle was 5.30°; elderly women with sarcopenia had lower phase angles than those without sarcopenia (p=0.006). The phase angle cutoff for the detection of sarcopenia was ?5.15°, with an area under the curve of 0.685, sensitivity 81.0%, specificity 60.8%, and accuracy 63.31%. Elderly women with a low phase angle show a high risk of presenting with reduced muscle mass. Conclusions The phase angle was shown to be a useful screening tool in elderly women with sarcopenia.

Resumo Serrasalmus maculatus é uma espécie de piranha que, a despeito de ser abundante em ambiente de reservatório, possui poucas informações sobre seus aspectos parasitológicos e dieta. Assim, o presente estudo objetivou documentar a fauna parasitária e a dieta de S. maculatus em um reservatório brasileiro. Além disso, foram realizadas duas revisões literárias para a região Neotropical, registrando a fauna parasitária, já associada a S. maculatus e a ocorrência dos gêneros parasitários identificados neste estudo, registrados em outros peixes Characiformes em outros sistemas aquáticos. Foram coletados 31 hospedeiros com redes de espera entre agosto de 2014 e setembro de 2016. Serrasalmus maculatus apresentou hábito alimentar piscívoro e comunidade componente parasitária com baixa riqueza, incluindo dois táxons de monogenéticos, Anacanthorus lepyrophallus e Mymarothecium sp.; não foram observados endohelmintos. Dados da revisão da literatura, juntamente com os achados deste estudo, mostraram que S. maculatus, na região Neotropical, abriga 25 táxons de helmintos, sendo monogenéticos o grupo de parasitos mais prevalente, e o Brasil o país com mais relatos de parasitos. Estes resultados fornecem informações sobre as relações entre dieta, o comportamento social e a fauna parasitária de S. maculatus e sobre os padrões de distribuição e infecção das taxas de parasitos observadas.

Abstract Serrasalmus maculatus is a species of piranha which, despite being abundant in a reservoir environment, has few studies related to its parasitological and diet aspects. Thus, we aimed to document the parasitic fauna and diet of the S. maculatus in a hydroelectric reservoir in Brazil. In addition, we perform two literature reviews for the Neotropical region, recording the parasitic fauna already associated with S. maculatus and the occurrence of parasite genera identified in this study parasitizing Characiformes from other aquatic systems. Thirty-one hosts were collected with gillnets, from August 2014 to September 2016. Serrasalmus maculatus had a piscivorous feeding habit and a low richness parasitic component community, including two taxa of monogeneans, Anacanthorus lepyrophallus and Mymarothecium sp.; no endohelminths were observed. Data from the literature review, together with the findings of the study, showed that S. maculatus in the Neotropical region harbors 25 helminth taxa, with the monogenean being the most prevalent parasitic group and Brazil is the country with the most reports of the parasitic genera. These findings provide information on the relationships between diet, social behavior, and parasitic fauna of S. maculatus and on the patterns of distribution and infection of the observed parasite rates.

Abstract The therapeutic drugs to treat Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections have toxic side effects and there has been an emergence of drug-resistant strains. Therefore, the search for new treatments for HSV infections is mounting. In the present study, semi-solid formulations containing a crude hydroethanolic extract (CHE) from Schinus terebinthifolia were developed. Skin irritation, cutaneous permeation, and in vivo therapeutic efficacy of the formulations were investigated. Treatment with the ointment formulations did not result in any signs of skin irritation while the emulsions increased the thickness of the epidermis in Swiss mice. The cutaneous permeation test indicated that the CHE incorporated in the formulations permeated through the skin layers and was present in the epidermis and dermis even 3 h after topical application. In vivo antiviral activity in BALB/c mice treated with the CHE ointments was better than those treated with the CHE emulsions and did not significantly differ from an acyclovir-treated group. Taken together, this suggests that the incorporation of CHE in the ointment may be a potential candidate for the alternative topical treatment of herpetic lesions.

ABSTRACT The present work assessed the feasibility of applying blasted copper slag (BCS) as addition to cementitious composites. Series with 0-15% of BCS were produced and characterized by compression strength, durability, spread and specific gravity. In fresh state, the workability was enhanced in until 250% when adding the slag. Besides, both mechanical strength and durability indicators of BCSR-added concrete were also improved. Although the greater strength at the ages of 7 and 28 days was achieved for the reference concrete, concretes containing 5% and 7.5% of BCSR also reached the expected resistance of 30 MPa at 28 days. Concretes containing 5% and 10% of the slag were the ones that less absorbed water. The reduction in capillary absorption reached 63% in comparison to the ref concrete for 5% BCS-modified concrete. The incorporation of BCS improved the performance of the reference concrete in terms of both mechanical strength and durability. So, the reuse of the BCS produced after abrasive blasting in concretes was viable and sustainable disposal alternative.