Abstract Disease in plants as a major limiting factor in agricultural production. In rice culture, it contributes to the reduction of production and grain quality, such as glumela stain caused by Curvularia lunata. As forms of control available to this pathogen, are being of high cost to most producers. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can help as plants tolerate pathogen attacks and resistance mechanisms. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the control of C. lunata in the rice culture inoculated with AMF, as well as its benefits in growth and factors of production. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse with a completely randomized experimental design considering the treatments: T1 - Witness; T2 - Rhizophagus clarus; T3 - Claroideoglomus etunicatum; T4 - Gigaspora margarita; T5 - R. clarus + C. etunicatum; T6 - C. etunicatum + G. margarita; T7 - R. clarus + G. margarita and T8 - R. clarus + C. etunicatum + G. margarita. The parameters evaluated were disease severity, height of the aerial part (HAP), dry plant shoot mass (DSPM), grain quantity (full and dry grain), panicle length and mycorrhizal colonization. The DSPM only the T2 and T5 differed from the control and presented higher averages. For the factors of production, all parameters were significant, except for full grains. The AMF present potential in the control of C. lunata, but complementary research is needed on the mechanism of action of the pathogen, AMF and the host plant.

Resumo A doença em plantas é considerada como um dos principais fatores limitantes na produção agrícola como a mancha das glumelas causada por Curvularia lunata. Na cultura do arroz, ela contribui na redução da produção e na qualidade dos grãos. As formas de controle disponíveis para esse patógeno são de alto custo para a maioria dos produtores. Os fungos micorrízicos arbusculares (FMA) podem auxiliar as plantas a tolerarem ataques de patógenos e desenvolverem mecanismos de resistência. Diante disso, este estudo objetivou avaliar o controle de C. lunata na cultura do arroz inoculado com FMA, bem como seus benefícios no crescimento e fatores de produção. O experimento foi realizado em casa de vegetação com delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado considerando os tratamentos: T1 - Testemunha; T2 - Solo + Rhizophagus clarus; T3 - Solo + Claroideoglomus etunicatum; T4 - Solo + Gigaspora margarita; T5 - Solo + R. clarus + C. etunicatum; T6 - Solo + C. etunicatum + G. margarita; T7 - Solo + R. clarus + G. margarita e T8 - Solo + R. clarus + C. etunicatum + G. margarita. Avaliaram-se os parâmetros severidade da doença, altura da parte aérea (ALT), massa seca da parte aérea (MSPA), quantidade de grãos (cheios e chochos), comprimento de panículas e colonização micorrízica. A MSPA apenas Solo + Rhizophagus clarus e Solo + R. clarus + C. etunicatum diferiram da testemunha e apresentaram maiores médias. Nos fatores de produção, todos os parâmetros foram significativos, exceto grãos cheios. Os FMA apresentam potencial na redução dos efeitos causados por C. lunata, porém é necessita de pesquisas complementares sobre o mecanismo de ação do patógeno, FMA e da planta hospedeira.

ABSTRACT Purpose to analyze the prevalence of self-reported hearing loss in relation to age, gender and regions of Brazil and to estimate life expectancy with hearing loss in Brazil, at birth and at age 60, for both sexes. Methods the Sullivan method was used, combining the life table and the prevalence of hearing loss in the period, as well as the adoption of data from the 2013 National Health Survey and Complete Life Tables, by sex, published by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. Results in Brazil, in 2013, the prevalence of hearing loss gradually increased from the age of 60, in both genders, with males being more affected by hearing loss. Life expectancy at birth was 71.2 years for men and 78.5 years for women. Of these years of life, 3.4% (for men) and 2.8% (for women) were with hearing loss. At age 60, this difference remains, with an expectation of another 19.9 years for men and 21.7 years for women. In this age group, men had a rate of 2.2 years (11.3%) with hearing loss, while for women the rate was 2.1 years (9.7%). Conclusion in Brazil, based on data from 2013, there was a gradual increase in the prevalence of hearing loss from the age of 60 for both genders. Women had higher life expectancy, greater life expectancy free of hearing loss and live a smaller portion of their lives with hearing loss than men, regardless of age. The assessment of life expectancy with hearing loss at birth and at age 60 can help to understand the needs of the population, which allows for better planning of public policies related to the hearing health of individuals.

RESUMO Objetivo analisar a prevalência da perda auditiva autorreferida em relação à idade, sexo e regiões do Brasil e estimar a expectativa de vida com perda auditiva no Brasil, ao nascer e aos 60 anos, em ambos os sexos. Métodos foi utilizado o Método de Sullivan, combinando a tábua de vida e as prevalências de perdas auditivas no período, assim como a adoção de dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde de 2013 e Tábuas de Vida Completas, por sexo, publicadas pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. Resultados no Brasil, em 2013, a prevalência da perda auditiva aumentou gradativamente a partir dos 60 anos de idade, em ambos os sexos, sendo o masculino o mais afetado pela deficiência auditiva. A expectativa de vida ao nascer era de 71 anos e 2 meses para os homens e de 78 anos e 6 meses para as mulheres. Destes anos de vida, 3,4% (para homens) e 2,8% (para mulheres) eram com perda auditiva. Já aos 60 anos, essa diferença permanece, com expectativa de mais 19,9 anos para os homens e 21,7 anos para as mulheres. Nessa faixa etária, os homens apresentavam taxa de 2,2 anos (11,3%) com perdas auditivas, enquanto, para as mulheres, a taxa era 2,1 anos (9,7%). Conclusão no Brasil, com base nos dados de 2013, observou-se um aumento gradativo da prevalência de perda auditiva a partir dos 60 anos de idade para ambos os sexos. As mulheres apresentam maior expectativa de vida, maior expectativa de vida livre de perdas auditivas e vivem menor parcela de suas vidas com perdas auditivas, quando comparadas aos homens, independentemente da idade. A avaliação da expectativa de vida com perdas auditivas ao nascer e aos 60 anos pode auxiliar na compreensão das necessidades da população, o que permite o melhor planejamento de políticas públicas relacionadas à saúde auditiva dos indivíduos.

Abstract The cardiovascular disease is the main cause of worldwide death. This profile is potentialized by the increased severity of infections in people with obesity, type 2 diabetes and hypertension. Children and adolescents are target groups for the prevention of non-communicable diseases. The Developmental Origins of Health and Disease concept points that perinatal conditions are an important risk factor to development of non-communicable disease in adulthood. In this context, the present review identifies perinatal factor that induces precocious cardiovascular risk factors, related with cardiometabolic syndrome. The low or high birth weight and caesarean delivery are risk factors that induce increased occurrence of cardiovascular risk biomarkers in children and adolescents, while the breast feeding or feeding with breast milk from the birth until two years-old is a protector strategy. Evaluation of perinatal conditions associated with precocious identification of cardiovascular risk factors in children and adolescents is an efficient strategy to prevent and control cardiovascular mortality; through interventions, as lifestyle changes during vulnerable windows of development, able to set up the risk to cardiometabolic disease.

ABSTRACT Interventions for parental training for families of hard of hearing children, including cochlear implant users, are identified as optimizing their developmental outcomes. In this single-case intervention study, we aim to describe the use of videofeedback in a remote environment, as well as to identify its effectiveness, based on the analysis of mother-child interaction, both for the mother's communicative behaviors and for the behaviors of the mother, receptive and expressive language of the child. Pre- and post-intervention measurements were performed, based on video analysis of the mother's interaction with the child, by blind judges, as well as through the application of assessment instruments for the child and the mother. There were 13 sessions, 3 of which were for evaluation before and after the intervention and 10 of teleconsultation sessions in which the videofeedback tool was used with the mother. Data were analyzed descriptively and inferentially, using the JT method, which determined the Reliable Change Index (BMI) and Clinical Significance. There was reliable positive change in the child's receptive and expressive language, as well as reliable positive change and clinically significant change in mother-child interaction after the 10 sessions of remote videofeedback intervention. Based on the reliable changes observed in this study, we present this model (televideofeedback) as a potential to optimize resources and efforts for therapeutic success in children's auditory rehabilitation, which should be studied in research with a rigorous method, for the broad recommendation of its use.

RESUMO Intervenções para a capacitação parental de famílias de crianças com deficiência auditiva, incluindo as usuárias de implante coclear, são apontadas como otimizadoras em seus resultados de desenvolvimento. Neste estudo de intervenção de caso único, temos por objetivos descrever o uso do videofeedback em ambiente remoto, bem como identificar a sua efetividade, a partir da análise da interação da mãe e criança, tanto para os comportamentos comunicativos da mãe como para os comportamentos da linguagem receptiva e expressiva da criança. Medidas pré e pós-intervenção foram realizadas, a partir da análise de vídeos de interação da mãe com a criança, por juízes cegos, bem como pela aplicação de instrumentos de avaliação da criança e da mãe. Foram realizadas 13 sessões, sendo 3 de avaliação nos momentos pré e pós-intervenção e 10 sessões de teleconsulta em que se empregou a ferramenta de videofeedback com a mãe. Os dados foram analisados de forma descritiva e inferencial, por meio do método JT, que determinou o Índice de Mudança Confiável (IMC) e a Significância Clínica. Houve mudança positiva confiável na linguagem receptiva e expressiva da criança, bem como mudança positiva confiável e mudança clínica significativa na interação da mãe com a criança após as 10 sessões de intervenção remota com videofeedback. A partir das mudanças confiáveis observadas neste estudo, apresentamos este modelo (Televideofeedback), como potencial para otimizar os recursos e esforços para o sucesso terapêutico na reabilitação auditiva infantil, o qual deve ser estudado em pesquisas com método rigoroso, para a ampla recomendação de seu uso.

Abstract The Brazilian Buriti oil presents low extraction costs and relevant antioxidant properties. Thus, this work aimed to analyze Buriti oil biomaterial (BB), within its physicochemical properties, biocompatibility and cellular integration, with the purpose to the use as a growth matrix for Goat Wharton’s jelly mesenchymal stem cells. Biomaterials were produced from Buriti oil polymer (Mauritia flexuosa), for it’s characterization were performed Infrared Region Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TG and DTG). The biointegration was analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and histological techniques. In order to investigate biocompatibility, MTT (3-(4,5-dimetil-2-tiazolil)-2,5-difenil-2H-tetrazólio) test and hemolytic activity tests were performed. The activation capacity of immune system cellswas measured by phagocytic capacity assay and nitric oxide synthesis . The BB presented an amorphous composition, with high thermal stability and high water expansion capacity, a surface with micro and macropores, and good adhesion of Wharton’s jelly mesenchymal stem cells (MSCWJ). We verified the absence of cytotoxicity and hemolytic activity, in addition, BB did not stimulate the activation of macrophages. Proving to be a safe material for direct cultivation and also for manufacturing of compounds used for in vivo applications.

ABSTRACT Purpose To evaluate the influence of education of guardians of hard of hearing children with formal education levels from elementary to high school, in relation to their information needs in the context of an auditory rehabilitation service. Methods Cross-sectional, observational study, with a convenience sample of 58 guardians of children with hearing loss. The Family Needs Inventory (INF) was applied, translated, and adapted into Brazilian Portuguese, and parents’ education was collected, in addition to the variables age of the child and age at diagnosis. Results In the quantitative analysis of the “yes” responses from the INF, all the families presented need for information , and for families with less education, the need for information about hearing and hearing devices was greater. In the regression analysis, there was no influence of schooling on the amount of information needed, even considering the chronological age and diagnosis of the child in the model. As limitations of this study, we highlight the absence of sufficient number of families with higher education for the analysis of the final model, as well as the impossibility of including other variables in the analysis. Conclusion The analyzed families with different levels of schooling showed need for information , and schooling did not influence the amount of information required by them. It was possible to observe a qualitative difference in the topics of needed information, which alerts to the importance of investigation about the needs of families in child auditory rehabilitation programs, to implement more family-centered approaches.

RESUMO Objetivo avaliar a influência da escolaridade de responsáveis por crianças com deficiência auditiva com níveis de educação formal do ensino fundamental ao ensino médio, em relação às suas necessidades de informação no contexto de um serviço de reabilitação auditiva do Sistema Único de Saúde. Métodos estudo transversal, observacional, com amostra de conveniência de 58 responsáveis por crianças com deficiência auditiva. Aplicou-se o Inventário de Necessidades Familiares traduzido e adaptado para o português brasileiro e foram coletados os dados de escolaridade dos responsáveis e as variáveis idade da criança e idade no diagnóstico. Foi realizada análise descritiva e inferencial. Resultados todas as famílias apresentaram necessidades de informação, sendo que, para as famílias com menor escolaridade, a necessidade de informações sobre a audição e os dispositivos auditivos foi mais frequente. Na análise de regressão, não se observou influência da escolaridade na quantidade de necessidades de informação, mesmo considerando no modelo a idade cronológica da criança e a idade no seu diagnóstico. Conclusão famílias de todas as escolaridades analisadas apresentaram necessidades de informação, sendo que a escolaridade não influenciou a quantidade de informações requeridas. Foi possível observar diferença qualitativa nos tópicos de necessidades de informação, o que alerta para a importância de investigações sobre as necessidades das famílias em programas de reabilitação auditiva infantil, de modo a se efetivar abordagens mais centradas nas famílias.

ABSTRACT Resistance training (RT) is a widely practised type of training, and the number of adherents of this type of physical exercise is increasing each year. Among the most sought objectives of those who initiate RT is muscle hypertrophy, although success in this process depends on a well-designed protocol and good manipulation of training variables. The present study aims to analyse, through a systematic review, the impact of the RT variables (such as intensity, volume, recovery interval, execution speed, and concentric muscle failure) relevant to muscle hypertrophy and if there is an ideal range for each training variable. The research was carried out in the PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Scielo databases from 2000 to 2020, using the terms “resistance training” and “hypertrophy” and “intensity” or “volume” or “recovery interval” or “execution speed” or “muscular failure”. Twenty-three articles were included in the review. The PEDro scale was used to analyse the quality of the selected articles. It was concluded that the variables intensity and volume must be carefully analysed in a training program. Despite not having a direct impact on hypertrophy, the other variables affect the intensity and volume and must be manipulated according to what is intended with the others.

Resumo: O contexto da COVID-19 possibilitou aos profissionais da categoria enfermagem, estarem em estado de alerta e abalo emocional, e se viram receosos em realizar procedimentos em pacientes suspeitos ou confirmados de COVID-19. Objetivo: Apreender as circunstâncias geradoras de medo vivenciadas pelos profissionais de enfermagem no contexto da pandemia da COVID-19. Método: Estudo qualitativo, exploratório, desenvolvido nas cinco regiões geográficas do Brasil, por meio de entrevistas em ambiente virtual com 215 profissionais, entre abril e dezembro de 2020. Os dados foram processados pelo software IRaMuTeQ® e analisados à luz do referencial teórico-filosófico da Sociologia Fenomenológica. Resultados: Maioria do sexo feminino, média de 37,9 anos, casada, branca e parda, técnicas de enfermagem (15,5%) e enfermeiras (84,5%), trabalhando em instituições públicas. O corpus textual foi dividido pelo software em 3 classes e subclasses: medo das circunstâncias da vida pessoal e familiar, relacionado ao risco de autocontaminação, transmissão, perda de familiares, colegas de trabalho e da própria vida; medo da exposição e do distanciamento social diante da sensação de solidão advinda do distanciamento social, apesar de compreenderem que solidão implica na ausência de conexões emocionais com as pessoas ao redor, e não associada ao distanciamento físico; medo das condições subjetivas e objetivas de trabalho, relacionado à insegurança diante das condições precárias de trabalho, como infraestrutura física, insumos para biossegurança, recursos humanos, despreparo técnico, falta de treinamento e capacitações para assumir unidades de alta complexidade no cuidado, como as necessidades de adquirir e aprimorar conhecimentos técnico-científicos. Conclusão: As circunstâncias geradoras de medo são múltiplas e se processam nas dimensões físicas, sociais, psicológicas e laborais, e demarca a falta de conhecimentos sobre a doença. As interpretações do mundo cotidiano se baseiam num estoque de experiências anteriores e transmitidas pelos nossos predecessores, se não as tiveram (não viveram uma pandemia) dificilmente conseguem lidar com a problemática atual.

Abstract: The context of COVID-19 made it possible for professionals in the nursing category to be in a state of alert and emotional distress, and they were afraid to perform procedures on suspected or confirmed patients of COVID-19. Objective: To understand the fear-generating circumstances experienced by nursing professionals in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: Qualitative, exploratory study, developed in the five geographic regions of Brazil, through interviews in a virtual environment with 215 professionals, between April and December 2020. The data were processed by the IRaMuTeQ® software and analyzed in the light of the theoretical-philosophical framework of Phenomenological Sociology. Results: Most females mean 37.9 years old, married, white and mixed-race, nursing technicians (15.5%) and nurses (84.5%), working in public institutions. The textual corpus was divided by the software into 3 classes and subclasses: fear of personal and family life circumstances, related to the risk of self- contamination, transmission, loss of family members, co-workers and life itself; fear of exposure and social distancing in the face of the feeling of loneliness arising from social distancing, despite understanding that loneliness implies the absence of emotional connections with the people around, and not associated with physical distance; fear of subjective and objective working conditions, related to insecurity in the face of precarious working conditions, such as physical infrastructure, biosafety inputs, human resources, technical unpreparedness, lack of training and qualifications to take on highly complex care units, such as the needs to acquire and improve technical-scientific knowledge. Conclusion: The circumstances that generate fear are multiple and are processed in the physical, social, psychological and work dimensions, and it marks the lack of knowledge about the disease. The interpretations of the everyday world are based on a stock of previous experiences and transmitted by our predecessors, if they didn't have them (didn't live a pandemic) they can hardly deal with the current problem.

The control of fungal species in agriculture is mainly conducted with the use of contact or systemic fungicides. However, environmental and human health concerns and increased resistance of fungal species to existing fungicides have increased the pressure on researchers to find new active ingredients for fungal control which present low toxicity to non-target organisms, are environmentally safe, and can be applied at very low concentrations. It is herein described the synthesis of eleven glycerol triazole containing compounds (ten of them fluorinated derivatives) and evaluation of their fungicidal activity. Eight out of eleven synthesized compounds are novel and all of the glycerol derivatives were characterized using infrared (IR), nuclear magnetic ressonance (NMR), and mass spectrometry (MS) techniques. Theoretical calculations were also carried out and the results are discussed. Starting from glycerol, the triazole derivatives were prepared in four steps. Evaluation of them against Colletrotricum gloesporioides showed that compound 1-((2,2-dimethyl-1,3 dioxolan-4-yl)methyl)-4-(2-fluorophenyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazole (4d) (ED50 = 59.14 µg mL-1) was slightly more active than commercial fungicide tebuconazole (61.35 µg mL-1). Compound 4d presented attractive physicochemical features for agrochemical purposes as revealed by the calculated physicochemical parameters. It is believed that glycerol-fluorinated triazole derivatives can be explored towards the development of new chemicals for the control of fungal species.

RESUMO Objetivo Analisar a autopercepção de crianças e adolescentes com deficiência auditiva e de suas famílias quanto ao uso diário dos dispositivos auditivos, comparando o uso referido com os dados de data logging, bem como conhecer os seus benefícios autorrelatados. Métodos Estudo transversal, observacional, descritivo-analítico. Aplicados questionários a 38 famílias e seus filhos com deficiência auditiva, bem como coletado o data logging com o número de horas/dia de uso dos aparelhos auditivos. Realizada a análise descritiva e comparativa, por meio do coeficiente de Kappa, entre o data logging e o uso referido pelos usuários e famílias, além da análise qualitativa sobre a percepção de ambos com relação aos dispositivos. Resultados As crianças, adolescentes e suas famílias superestimaram, respectivamente, em média, 5,3 e 2,5 horas por dia o tempo de uso, em comparação à medida de data logging. Os usuários referiram benefícios com o uso dos equipamentos, embora o uso e o manuseio dos microfones remotos tenham sido o maior desafio identificado, tanto para eles como para as suas famílias. Conclusão Houve discordância entre o número de horas relatadas pelos usuários e famílias entre si, bem como entre eles e a medição do data logging. As famílias referiram a necessidade de mais orientações quanto aos microfones remotos, o que aponta para a importância da intervenção personalizada voltada ao empoderamento desses familiares, crianças e adolescentes, com o envolvimento da equipe escolar e rede de apoio, identificadas pelas famílias como essenciais para o uso efetivo dos dispositivos auditivos.

ABSTRACT Purpose To analyze the self-perception of hard of hearing children and adolescents and their families about the daily use of hearing devices, comparing the referred use with data logging, as well as knowing the self-reported benefits with hearing aids. Methods Cross-sectional, observational, descriptive-analytical study, with quantitative and qualitative analysis, approved by the Research Ethics Committee. Adapted Questionnaires were applied to 38 children and adolescents and their families, additionally, the data logging of their devices was collected. Descriptive and comparative analysis were performed, using the Kappa coefficient between data logging and the use reported by users and families, in addition to qualitative analysis of their perception about the devices. Results Children, adolescents and their families overestimated, respectively, on average 5.3 and 2.5 hours per day, the time of hearing aids use, compared to the data logging measure. They r eported benefits from using hearing aids, although the use and the handling of remote microphones were the biggest identified challenge , both for the users and for their families. Conclusion There was disagreement between the number of hours reported by users and their families , as well as between them and the data logging measure. Families reported the need for more guidance about remote microphones, which points to the importance of personalized intervention aimed at the empowerment of these family members, children and adolescents, with the involvement of the school team and support network, identified by the families as essential for the effective use of hearing devices.

ABSTRACT Background: The school community was heavily impacted by the Covid-19 pandemic, especially with the long time of school closures. This study aimed to analyze the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and possible factors associated with seropositivity for COVID-19 in teachers and other school staff, and to estimate the fraction of asymptomatic individuals by sex and age group. Methods: We conducted a serological survey of SARS-CoV-2 infections. An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in Fortaleza, Brazil. Teachers and other staff members from pre-schools to universities of higher education to were investigated. Results: A total of 1,901 professionals participated in the study, of which 1,021 were staff and 880 were teachers. The seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 was 8.0% (152/1901). In the seropositive group, 48.3% were asymptomatic. There was a predominance of women (68.4%); and, 47.1% of the participants were between 31 and 45 years old. There was an increase in prevalence with increasing age. An inverse relationship was found for education level: more professionals with less education tested positive for COVID-19. The presence of an infected person living in the same household was significantly associated with positive results for COVID-19 among the professionals. Conclusions: This is the first study to report the seroprevalence of IgG against SARS-CoV-2 in Brazilian educational staff after the first wave of the disease. In this study, the seroprevalence was much lower than that in the general population. During school reopening, a small fraction of school workers showed serologically detectable signs of SARS-CoV-2 exposure.

Resumo Este artigo visa compreender como barreiras individuais, nacionais e organizacionais e suas inter-relações impactam o emprego de refugiados no mercado de trabalho brasileiro, com base na teoria da estrutura relacional da gestão da diversidade de Syed e Özbilgin (2009). Por meio de um paradigma interpretativo, abordagem qualitativa e utilizando uma pesquisa descritiva, o estudo foi realizado com oito refugiados com emprego formal na cidade de São Paulo, Brasil. As descobertas do estudo indicam a prevalência de barreiras nacionais sobre a exclusão de emprego para os refugiados, podendo potencializar fatores excludentes em níveis individual e organizacional. O governo brasileiro configurou-se como um dos principais obstáculos nacionais à integração, tendo papel particularmente importante na estrutura relacional. A pesquisa apresenta suas contribuições ao defender a condição do refugiado como inerente a uma extensão da diversidade. Ao lançar luz sobre as perspectivas dos refugiados acerca da realidade organizacional brasileira, o artigo propõe soluções que visem, por parte dos formuladores de políticas e organizações, minimizar impactos que as diferentes barreiras proporcionam à integração eficaz desses grupos nas organizações brasileiras.

Abstract This article seeks to analyze how individual, national and organizational barriers and their interrelationships impact the employment of refugees in the Brazilian labor market, based on the theory of the relational structure of diversity management of Syed and Özbilgin (2009). Through an interpretative paradigm, a qualitative approach, and the use of descriptive research, this study was conducted with eight refugees formally employed in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. The findings of this study indicate the prevalence of national barriers over job exclusion for refugees, which may potentiate exclusion factors at the individual and organizational level. The Brazilian government appeared as one of the main national obstacles to integration, playing a particularly important role in the relational structure. This research presents its contributions to regard the refugee’s condition as inherent to an extension of diversity. By shedding light on the perspectives of refugees about the Brazilian organizational reality, the article proposes solutions for policy makers and organizations in order to minimize the impacts that the different barriers provide to the effective integration of these groups in Brazilian organizations.

Resumen Este artículo tiene como objetivo comprender cómo las barreras individuales, nacionales y organizacionales y sus interrelaciones impactan en el empleo de refugiados en el mercado laboral brasileño, con base en la teoría de la estructura relacional de Syed y Özbilgin (2009) de gestión de la diversidad. A través de un paradigma interpretativo, un enfoque cualitativo y utilizando una investigación descriptiva, el estudio se llevó a cabo con ocho refugiados con empleo formal en la ciudad de São Paulo, Brasil. Los hallazgos del estudio indican la prevalencia de barreras nacionales de exclusión del empleo para los refugiados, que pueden aprovechar los factores de exclusión a nivel individual y organizacional. El gobierno brasileño se ha convertido en uno de los principales obstáculos nacionales para la integración, ya que juega un papel particularmente importante en la estructura relacional. La investigación presenta sus aportes defendiendo la condición de refugiado como inherente a una extensión de la diversidad. Al arrojar luz sobre las perspectivas de los refugiados sobre la realidad organizacional brasileña, el artículo propone soluciones que apuntan, por parte de los políticos y las organizaciones, a minimizar los impactos de las diferentes barreras en la integración efectiva de estos grupos en las organizaciones brasileñas.

Resumo Objetivo: analisar o Letramento em Saúde Mental de homens jovens e idosos residentes no Brasil no contexto da pandemia da COVID-19. Método: estudo qualitativo, realizado com 87 homens, por meio de survey online assíncrona. Os dados foram processados no software NVIVO12®, estruturados com o método do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo e analisados por meio do conceito teórico de Letramento em Saúde Mental de Anthony Jorm. Resultados: a partir da análise de um discurso síntese sobre os componentes do Letramento em Saúde Mental, emergiram seis ideias centrais: capacidade de reconhecer distúrbios específicos ou diferentes tipos de sofrimento psíquico; conhecimento e crenças sobre fatores e causas de risco; conhecimento e crenças sobre intervenções de autoajuda; conhecimento e crenças sobre a ajuda profissional disponível; atitudes que facilitem o reconhecimento e a procura de ajuda adequada; e conhecimento de como buscar informações sobre saúde mental. Conclusão: há diferenças no Letramento em Saúde Mental de homens jovens e idosos residentes no Brasil em vivência da pandemia da COVID-19. Homens idosos mostraram-se mais competentes para a gestão do cuidado e a proteção em saúde mental do que os homens jovens, em relação aos níveis de Letramento em Saúde Mental.

Abstract Objective: to analyze the Mental Health Literacy of young and aged men living in Brazil in the COVID-19 pandemic context. Method: a qualitative study conducted with 87 men by means of an asynchronous online survey. The data were processed in the NVIVO12® software, structured with the Collective Subject Discourse method and analyzed through Anthony Jorm’s theoretical concept of Mental Health Literacy. Results: six central ideas emerged from the analysis of a synthesis discourse on the components of the Mental Health Literacy, namely: Ability to recognize specific disorders or different types of psychological distress; Knowledge and beliefs about risk factors and causes; Knowledge and beliefs about self-help interventions; Knowledge and beliefs about available professional help; Attitudes that facilitate recognition and the search for adequate help; and Knowledge on how to seek information on mental health. Conclusion: there are differences in the mental health literacy of young and aged men living in Brazil during the COVID-19 pandemic. Aged men were more competent for mental health care management and protection than young men, in relation to the Mental Health Literacy levels.

Resumen Objetivo: analizar la Alfabetización en Salud Mental de hombres jóvenes y mayores residentes en Brasil en el contexto de la pandemia de COVID-19. Método: estudio cualitativo, realizado con 87 hombres, mediante survey online asincrónica. Los datos fueron procesados usando el software NVIVO12®, estructurados usando el método del Discurso del Sujeto Colectivo y analizados usando el concepto teórico de Alfabetización en Salud Mental de Anthony Jorm. Resultados: del análisis de un discurso síntesis sobre los componentes de la Alfabetización en Salud Mental, surgieron seis ideas centrales: capacidad para reconocer trastornos específicos o diferentes tipos de sufrimiento psíquico; conocimiento y creencias sobre factores y causas de riesgo; conocimiento y creencias sobre las intervenciones de autoayuda; conocimiento y creencias sobre la ayuda profesional disponible; actitudes que facilitan el reconocimiento y la búsqueda de ayuda adecuada; y conocimiento sobre cómo buscar información sobre salud mental. Conclusión: hay diferencias entre la Alfabetización en Salud Mental de los hombres jóvenes y la de los mayores que vivían en Brasil durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Los hombres mayores fueron más competentes para gestionar el cuidado y proteger su salud mental que los hombres jóvenes, según los niveles de Alfabetización en Salud Mental.