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au:PACHECO, V. S.

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Can domestic dogs be considered a good reservoir of Leishmania (L.) infantum chagasi in an endemic area of nonulcerated cutaneous leishmaniasis in Southern Honduras?
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Segura, Gabriela Beatriz Rodriguez

; Ochoa, Wilfredo Humberto Sosa

; Matta, Vânia Lúcia Ribeiro da

; Martínez, Mercedes

; Tercero, Carol Rodriguez

; Gonzalez, Raquel Romero

; Pacheco, Carmen M. Sandoval

; Flores, Gabriela V. Araujo

; Silveira, Fernando Tobias

; Henriquez, Maria Mercedes Rueda

; Laurenti, Márcia Dalastra

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

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2023, Volume 65 elocation e24

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Dogs are considered to be the main domestic reservoir associated with the transmission of Leishmania (L.) infantum chagasi to humans in endemic areas of visceral leishmaniasis in America. However, little is known about the role of canines as a source of infection in endemic areas of nonulcerated cutaneous leishmaniasis (NUCL). Therefore, the objective of the present study was to investigate the role of dogs as a possible reservoir of the parasite in Southern Honduras. Dogs (n = 107) living with individuals affected by NUCL were clinically examined and biological material was collected for parasitological and immunological diagnosis. Most animals showed a healthy appearance and a few presented slight weight loss (64%), alopecia (7%), onychogryphosis (5%) and skin lesions (1%). The overall seroprevalence of Leishmania infection based on the DDP ® quick test and/or in-house ELISA serological test was 41%. The presence of the parasite’s DNA was confirmed in 94% of the dogs; however, the average parasite load in the buffy coat was low at 6.09 parasites/µL, ranging between 0.221 and 50.2. The skin of seropositive dogs examined by histopathology using paraffin sections stained by hematoxylin and immunohistochemistry did not show cutaneous lesions or parasite amastigotes. Based on the absence of parasites in the skin and the low parasite load detected in the buffy coat, it seems that the dog does not represent a good source of infection for the vector in the endemic area of NUCL transmission in Southern Honduras. Other domestic and/or wild animals should be investigated.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946202365024

Epoxy/Graphite Composite Electrode Modified with Recycled Silver Nanoparticles: An Eco-Friendly Strategy to Improve Lead Detection
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Cabral, Taíssa S.

; Nascimento, Suéllen F. L. do

; Faria, Lucas V. de

; Lisboa, Thalles P.

; Borges, Pedro H. S.

; Nossol, Edson

; Semaan, Felipe S.

; Dornellas, Rafael M.

; Pacheco, Wagner F.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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2023, Volume 34 N. 12 Pages 1788 - 1795

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

In this work, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) obtained from photographic waste were synthesized and electrodeposited via cyclic voltammetry using epoxy-graphite composite as an electrochemical substrate. Both electrodes, unmodified (Epoxy/C) and modified (Epoxy/C/AgNPs), were characterized electrochemically by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), charge transfer constant (K0), and electroactive area. The modified electrode provided lower charge transfer resistance (275 Ω), more kinetically favored electron transfer (K0 = 1.15 × 10-3 cm s-1), and a 1.7-fold increase in the active area compared to the unmodified electrode. Additional characterizations by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Raman spectroscopy confirmed the presence of AgNPs structures on the carbonaceous surface. As a proof of concept, Pb2+ was used as a model analyte, and a square wave anodic stripping voltammetry (SWASV) method was developed to evaluate the analytical performance of both electrodes. A wider linear range (4.0 to 40.0 µg L-1), the appropriate limit of detection (1.2 µg L-1), and a 6-fold increase in sensitivity were found using the modified electrode, suggesting that the AgNPs significantly contributed to the performance of the electrode. The proposed method was applied to three real water samples, where the Pb2+ levels varied from 11.3 to 19.5 µg L-1. The proposed protocol (reuse of silver waste) has proven to be a powerful tool for improving the detection of Pb2+, which can be helpful for other electrochemical sensing applications in locations with minimal infrastructure.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20230071

Fungivory: a new and complex ecological function of Doru luteipes (Scudder) (Dermaptera: Forficulidae)
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Silva, D. D. da

; Mendes, S. M.

; Parreira, D. F.

; Pacheco, R. C.

; Marucci, R. C.

; Cota, L. V.

; Costa, R. V.

; Figueiredo, J. E. F.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2022, Volume 82 elocation e238763

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Relatamos a descoberta de que o predador Doru luteipes (Scudder, 1876) (Dermaptera: Forficulidae) se alimenta de uredosporos de Puccinia polysora Underw, o agente causal da ferrugem polisora que é uma doença primária que afeta a cultura do milho no Brasil. Realizamos experimentos em laboratório e em casa de vegetação para testar o efeito da fungivoria de D. luteipes (1º/2º e 3º/4º iìstares e adultos) sobre a concentração de uredosporos de P. polysora. Todos os ensaios mostraram uma redução significativa da concentração inicial de uredosporos. Houve uma redução na concentração de uredosporos com o aumento do número de D. luteipes alimentando-se deles. Também testamos o consumo de uredosporos quantificando sua porcentagem nas fezes de D. luteipes. Ninfas do 2º e 4º ínstar, assim como adultos, alimentaram-se de 88%, 85% e 83,8% dos uredosporos, respectivamente. Para ninfas do 3º ínstar, a porcentagem de consumo de uredosporos (75,6%) foi estatisticamente significativo em comparação com os outros grupos. No experimento em casa de vegetação, aos 28 dias após a inoculação das plantas com 9,9 x 104 uredosporos, a porcentagem de consumo de uredosporos foi de 81,7%. Nossos resultados confirmaram a fungivoria de D. luteipes em uredosporos de P. polysora. Este é o primeiro relato de fungivoria de D. luteipes, que pode ter papel importante no controle biológico de P. polysora em milho.

Abstract We report the discovery that the earwig predator Doru luteipes (Scudder, 1876) (Dermaptera: Forficulidae) feed on Puccinia polysora Underw uredospore, the causal agent of Southern Rust of Corn (SRC), which is a primary disease affecting the maize crop in Brazil. We performed experiments in laboratory and greenhouse to test the effect of D. luteipes (1st/2nd and 3rd/4th instars, and adults) fungivory on the P. polysora uredospore concentration. All trials showed a significant reduction of the initial concentration of uredospore. There was a reduction in uredospore concentration with increase in number of D. luteipes feeding on them. We also tested the uredospore consumption by quantifying its percentage in the feces of D. luteipes. Nymphs of the 2nd, 4th instar and adults fed 88%, 85%, and 83.8% of the uredospore, respectively. For nymphs of the 3rd instar, the percentage of uredospore consumption (75.6%) was statistically significant compared with the other groups. In greenhouse experiment, at twenty-eight days after plant inoculation with 9.9 x 104 uredospores, the percentage of uredospore consumption was 81.7%. Our results confirmed the fungivory of D. luteipes on P. polysora uredospore. This is the first report of D. luteipes fungivory, which may play an important role in the biological control of P. polysora in corn.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.238763 166 downloads

Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of Hymenaea martiana Hayne (Fabaceae) in mice
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Pacheco, A. G. M.

; Pacheco, E. J.

; Macedo, L. A. R. O.

; Silva, J. C.

; Lima-Saraiva, S. R. G.

; Barros, V. P.

; Oliveira-Junior, R. G.

; Branco, A.

; Quintans, J. S. S.

; Quintans-Junior, L. J.

; Coutinho, H. D. M.

; Menezes, I. R. A.

; Almeida, J. R. G. S.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2022, Volume 82 elocation e240359

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Hymenaea martiana é uma espécie popularmente conhecida no Nordeste do Brasil como “jatobá” e usada na medicina popular para tratar a dor e a inflamação. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a atividade antinociceptiva e anti-inflamatória de H. martiana. No presente estudo, foram avaliados os efeitos do extrato etanólico bruto (Hm-EtOH) e da fração acetato de etila (Hm-AcOEt) em modelos de nocicepção e inflamação em camundongos. Foram utilizados estímulos químicos (contorções abdominais induzidas por ácido acético e teste da formalina) e estímulo térmico (teste da placa quente) para avaliação da atividade antinociceptiva, enquanto no perfil anti-inflamatório foi utilizado o teste do edema de pata induzido por carragenina e migração de leucócitos para a cavidade peritoneal. A presença do flavonoide astilbina nas amostras foi caracterizada através de análise por CLAE-DAD-EM. Hm-EtOH e o Hm-AcOEt (100, 200 e 400 mg.kg-1, i.p.) reduziram significativamente o número de contorções abdominais e diminuíram o tempo de lambida da pata no teste da formalina. No teste da placa quente, houve aumento do tempo de latência dos animais. Hm-EtOH e Hm-AcOEt inibiram significativamente o aumento do edema após a administração de carragenina, bem como inibiram a migração de leucócitos no teste de peritonite. A análise por CLAE-DAD-EM de Hm-EtOH e Hm-AcOEt revelou a presença do flavonoide astilbina nas amostras. De acordo com os resultados deste estudo, tanto Hm-EtOH quanto o Hm-AcOEt possuem atividades antinociceptiva e anti-inflamatória, o que pode estar relacionado à presença do flavonoide. Os resultados reforçam o uso popular desta planta.

Abstract Hymenaea martiana is a species popularly known in Northeastern Brazil as “jatobá” and used in folk medicine to treat pain and inflammation. The aim of this work was to evaluate the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activity of H. martiana. In the present study, we carried out an investigation about the effects of the crude ethanolic extract (Hm-EtOH) and the ethyl acetate fraction (Hm-AcOEt) in models of nociception and inflammation in mice. Chemical (acetic acid-induced writhing and formalin) and thermal stimuli (hot plate) were used for the evaluation of antinociceptive activity, while for the anti-inflammatory profile paw edema induced by carrageenan was used, along with leukocyte migration to the peritoneal cavity. The presence of the flavonoid astilbin in the samples was characterized through HPLC-DAD-MS analysis. Hm-EtOH and Hm-AcOEt (100, 200 and 400 mg.kg-1, i.p.) significantly reduced the number of abdominal contortions and decreased the paw licking time in the formalin test. In the hot plate, the extract increased the latency time of animals. Hm-EtOH and Hm-AcOEt inhibited significantly the increase in the edema after the administration of carrageenan. Hm-EtOH and Hm-AcOEt inhibited leukocyte migration in the peritonitis test. HPLC-DAD-MS analysis of Hm-EtOH and Hm-AcOEt revealed the presence of the flavonoid astilbin in the samples. According to the results of this study, both Hm-EtOH and Hm-AcOEt have antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities, which could be related with the presence of flavonoid in the extracts. The results reinforce the popular use of this plant.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.240359 1662 downloads

Registro Multicêntrico de Takotsubo (REMUTA) – Aspectos Clínicos, Desfechos Intra-Hospitalares e Mortalidade a Longo Prazo
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Almeida Junior, Gustavo Luiz Gouvêa de

; Mansur Filho, João

; Albuquerque, Denilson Campos de

; Xavier, Sergio Salles

; Pontes, Álvaro

; Gouvêa, Elias Pimentel

; Martins, Alexandre Bahia Barreiras

; Nunes, Nágela S. V.

; Carestiato, Lilian Vieira

; Petriz, João Luiz Fernandes

; Santos, Armando Márcio Gonçalves

; Bandeira, Bruno Santana

; Abufaiad, Bárbara Elaine de Jesus

; Pacheco, Luciana da Camara

; Oliveira, Maurício Sales de

; Ribeiro Filho, Paulo Eduardo Campana

; Sampaio, Pedro Paulo Nogueres

; Duque, Gustavo Salgado

; Camillis, Luiz Felipe

; Marques, André Casarsa

; Lourenço Jr, Francisco Carlos

; Palazzo, José Ricardo

; Costa, Cláudio Ramos da

; Silva, Bibiana Almeida da

; Zukowski, Cleverson Neves

; Garcia, Romulo Ribeiro

; Zonis, Fernanda de Carvalho

; Paula, Suzana Andressa Morais de

; Ferrari, Carolina Gravano Ferraz

; Rangel, Bruno Soares da Silva

; Ferreira, Roberto Muniz

; Mendes, Bárbara Ferreira da Silva

; Castro, Isabela Ribeiro Carvalho de

; Souza, Leonardo Giglio Gonçalves de

; Araújo, Luiz Henrique dos Santos

; Giani, Alexandre

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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aug 2020, Volume 115 N. 2 Pages 207 - 216

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Fundamento A síndrome de takotsubo (takotsubo) é uma forma de cardiomiopatia adquirida. Dados nacionais sobre essa condição são escassos. O Registro REMUTA é o primeiro a incluir dados multicêntricos dessa condição no nosso país. Objetivo Descrever as características clínicas, prognóstico, tratamento intra-hospitalar e mortalidade hospitalar e em 1 ano de seguimento. Métodos Estudo observacional, retrospectivo, tipo registro. Incluídos pacientes internados com diagnóstico de takotsubo ou que desenvolveram esta condição durante internação por outra causa. Os desfechos avaliados incluíram fator desencadeador, análise dos exames, uso de medicações, complicações e óbito intra-hospitalar e em 1 ano de seguimento. O nível de significância adotado foi de 5%. Resultados Foram incluídos 169 pacientes, em 12 centros no Estado do Rio de Janeiro. A idade média foi de 70,9 ± 14,1 anos e 90,5% eram do sexo feminino; 63% dos casos foram de takotsubo primário e 37% secundário. Troponina I foi positiva em 92,5% dos pacientes e a mediana de BNP foi de 395 (176,5; 1725). Supradesnivelamento do segmento ST esteve presente em 28% dos pacientes. A fração de ejeção do ventrículo esquerdo teve mediana de 40 (35; 48)%. Observamos taxa de 25,7% de ventilação mecânica invasiva e 17,4% de choque. Suporte circulatório mecânico foi utilizado em 7,7%. A mortalidade intra-hospitalar foi de 10,6% e a mortalidade ao final de 1 ano foi de 16,5%. Takotsubo secundário e choque cardiogênico foram preditores independentes de mortalidade. Conclusão Os resultados do REMUTA mostram que takotsubo não se trata de patologia benigna como se pensava, especialmente no grupo de takotsubo secundário que acarreta elevada taxa de complicações e de mortalidade. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2020; 115(2):207-216)

Abstract Background Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) is an acquired form of cardiomyopathy. National Brazilian data on this condition are scarce. The Takotsubo Multicenter Registry (REMUTA) is the first to include multicenter data on this condition in Brazil. Objective To describe the clinical characteristics, prognosis, in-hospital treatment, in-hospital mortality, and mortality during 1 year of follow-up. Methods This is an observational, retrospective registry study including patients admitted to the hospital with diagnosis of TTS and patients admitted for other reasons who developed this condition. Evaluated outcomes included triggering factor, analysis of exams, use of medications, complications, in-hospital mortality, and mortality during 1 year of follow-up. A significance level of 5% was adopted. Results The registry included 169 patients from 12 centers in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Mean age was 70.9 ± 14.1 years, and 90.5% of patients were female; 63% of cases were primary TTS, and 37% were secondary. Troponin I was positive in 92.5% of patients, and median BNP was 395 (176.5; 1725). ST-segment elevation was present in 28% of patients. Median left ventricular ejection fraction was 40 (35; 48)%. We observed invasive mechanical ventilation in 25.7% of cases and shock in 17.4%. Mechanical circulatory support was used in 7.7%. In-hospital mortality was 10.6%, and mortality at 1 year of follow-up was 16.5%. Secondary TTS and cardiogenic shock were independent predictors of mortality. Conclusion The results of the REMUTA show that TTS is not a benign pathology, as was once thought, especially regarding the secondary TTS group, which has a high rate of complications and mortality. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2020; 115(2):207-216)

https://doi.org/10.36660/abc.20190166 1217 downloads

Fractions of Selaginella convoluta (Arn.) Spring (Selaginellaceae) attenuate the nociceptive behavior events in mice
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Oliveira-Macêdo, L. A. R.

; Pacheco, A. G. M.

; Lima-Saraiva, S. R. G.

; Silva, J. C.

; Oliveira-Júnior, R. G.

; Souza, G. R.

; Lavor, E. M.

; Silva, M. G.

; Ferro, J. N. S.

; Barreto, E.

; Oliveira, V. R.

; Almeida, J. R. G. S.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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feb 2020, Volume 80 N. 1 Pages 57 - 65

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Selaginella convoluta (Arn.) Spring is a species popularly known as “jericó”, and used in folk medicine as analgesic and anti-inflammatory. This study aimed to investigate in mice the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of the hexane (Sc-Hex) and chloroform (Sc-CHCl3) fractions (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) obtained by partition of crude ethanol extract from S. convoluta. The preliminary phytochemical analysis of the fractions was performed. Antinociceptive activity was evaluated by writhing, formalin and hot-plate tests. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using carrageenan-induced pleurisy. The rota-rod test was used to evaluate motor coordination. Preliminary phytochemical screening showed that the Sc-Hex and the Sc-CHCl3 were positive for the presence of flavonoids, anthracene derivatives, quinones, triterpenes and steroids. Inhibition of writhing was observed for fractions tested. The Sc-Hex at all doses tested was effective in reducing the nociceptive behavior produced by formalin only in the second phase. However, the Sc-CHCl3 decreased the paw licking time in the first and second phases. In the hot plate no significant effect was observed for any fraction. In the rota-rod test, treated mice did not demonstrate any significant motor performance changes. In the carrageenan-induced pleurisy, Sc-CHCl3 (200 mg/kg) reduced cell migration to the pleural cavity. These results reveal the antinociceptive properties of S. convoluta , which support, in part, its traditional use, since the fractions did not presented significant activity in the inflammatory response profile. We further verify that this antinociceptive effect could be by activation of nociceptive peripheral pathway.

Resumo Selaginella convoluta é uma espécie popularmente conhecida como “jericó”, e usada na medicina popular como analgésica e anti-inflamatória. Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar em camundongos as atividades antinociceptiva e anti-inflamatória das frações hexânica (Sc-Hex) e clorofórmica (Sc-CHCl3) (100, 200 e 400 mg/kg) obtidas por partição do extrato etanólico bruto de S. convoluta . A análise fitoquímica preliminar das frações foi realizada. A atividade antinociceptiva foi avaliada pelos testes de contorções abdominais, formalina e placa quente. A atividade anti-inflamatória foi avaliada usando pleurisia induzida por carragenina. O teste do rota-rod foi utilizado para avaliar a coordenação motora. A triagem fitoquímica preliminar mostrou que Sc-Hex e Sc-CHCl3 apresentaram reação positiva para a presença de flavonoides, derivados antracênicos, quinonas, triterpenos e esteroides. A inibição das contorções foi observada para as frações testadas. Sc-Hex em todas as doses testadas foi efetivo na redução do comportamento nociceptivo produzido pela formalina somente na segunda fase. No entanto, Sc-CHCl3 diminuiu o tempo de lambida da pata na primeira e segunda fases. Na placa quente, nenhum efeito significativo foi observado para qualquer fração. No teste do rota-rod os camundongos tratados não demonstraram mudanças significativas na coordenação motora. Na pleurisia induzida por carragenina, Sc-CHCl3 (200 mg/kg) reduziu a migração celular para a cavidade pleural. Estes resultados revelam a propriedade antinociceptiva de S. convoluta, justificando, em parte, seu uso tradicional, uma vez que os extratos não apresentaram atividade significativa no perfil de resposta inflamatória. Verificamos ainda que esse efeito antinociceptivo mostrou-se ligado à ativação da via periférica nociceptiva.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.189761

Supplemental phytase derived from E. coli in different concentrations on performance, bone mineralization and cost of broilers diets
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DESSIMONI, GABRIEL V.

; SAKOMURA, NILVA K.

; DONATO, DANIELLA CAROLINA Z.

; VARGAS, LARISSA

; MELARÉ, MIRELLA

; PACHECO, LETÍCIA

; DALÓLIO, FELIPE S.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2020, Volume 92 N. 3 elocation e20180826

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract The trial was conducted to evaluate the supplementation of E. coli phytase on performance, weight and ash of bones, as well as to determine the bioavailability of P and cost/benefit of its use in diets. A total 1,890 Cobb male day old chicks were assigned to six treatments and seven replicates with 45 birds each, distributed in a completely randomized design. The treatments were: Positive Control; Negative Control (NC1) - reduction of 0.06% avP; Negative Control 2 (NC2) - reduction of 0.12% avP; NC2 + Phytase (120 OTU); NC2 + Phytase (180 OTU); NC2 + Phytase (240 OTU), being 1 OTU equivalent to approximately 2 FTU. With different phytase inclusions, it was possible to verify a gradual increase on body weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, viability and even the bone characteristics of broilers fed diets containing reduction of P. The closest levels to the highest studied (240 OTU) showed the best results. The replacement of dicalcium phosphate by phytase supplementation is economically viable when the cost per OTU does not exceed US$ 1.4 × 10-5, US$1.2 × 10-5 and US$ 1.0 × 10-5 for the concentrations of 120, 180 and 240 OTU, respectively.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3756202020180826 465 downloads

Alterações fisiológicas e bioquímicas de sementes de Acacia mangiumWilld. durante o armazenamento
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Pádua, Guilherme V. G. de

; Oliveira, Danilo F. A. de

; Félix, Francival Cardoso

; Macedo, Cristiane E. C. de

; Voigt, Eduardo L.

; Ferrari, Cibele S.

; Pacheco, Mauro V.

Revista de Ciências Agrárias

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dec 2019, Volume 42 N. 4 Pages 141 - 150

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

As sementes estão continuamente expostas ao processo de deterioração, o qual envolve alterações fisiológicas, bioquímicas, físicas e citológicas. Assim, este estudo teve por objetivo avaliar alterações fisiológicas e bioquímicas em sementes de Acacia mangium durante o armazenamento em três ambientes. Para este fim, as sementes foram armazenadas em sacos de polietileno semipermeáveis durante os períodos de 0, 3, 6, 9, 12 e 15 meses em três condições de armazenamento: congelador (T = -20 ± 3 ºC; U.R. = 49 ± 15%), frigorífico doméstico (T = 6 ± 3 ºC; U.R. = 55 ± 14%) e sala climatizada (T = 27 ± 4 ºC; U.R. = 56 ± 13%). Foram realizadas as seguintes determinações e testes: teor de água, germinação, primeira contagem de germinação, índice de velocidade de germinação, massa seca de plântulas, emergência, índice de velocidade de emergência, açúcares solúveis totais, açúcares não redutores, aminoácidos livres totais, amido e proteínas solúveis. As sementes de A. mangium conservam a qualidade fisiológica durante 12 meses quando armazenadas quer em congelador, frigorífico doméstico ou sala climatizada. Não foi possível verificar um padrão de alteração no conteúdo de amido, açúcares solúveis totais e açúcares não redutores.

Seeds are continually exposed to the deterioration process, which involves physiological, biochemical, physical and cytological changes. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate physiological and biochemical changes in Acacia mangium seeds during storage in three environments. For this purpose, the seeds were stored in semi-permeable polyethylene bags during periods of 0, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 months under three conditions: frezer (T = -20 ± 3 ºC, RH = 49 ± 15%), refrigerator (T = 6 ± 3 °C, RH = 55 ± 14%) and air-conditioned room (T = 27 ± 4 °C, RH = 56 ± 13%). The following determinations and tests were performed: water content, germination, first germination count, germination speed index, seedling dry mass, emergence rate, emergence speed index, total soluble sugars, non-reducing sugars, total free amino acids, starch and soluble proteins. The seeds of A. mangium retain the physiological quality for 12 months when stored in a frezer, domestic refrigerator and heated room. It was not possible to verify a pattern of change in the content of starch, total soluble sugars and non-reducing sugars.

https://doi.org/10.19084/rca.17552 296 downloads

Consumer acceptance of ‘Navelina’ navel oranges
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Carvalho, Deived U. de

; Cruz, Maria A. da

; Chaves Jr., Osmar J.

; Pacheco, Camilla de A.

; Colombo, Ronan C.

; Tazima, Zuleide H.

; Neves, Carmen S. V. J.

Revista de Ciências Agrárias

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jun 2019, Volume 42 N. 2 Pages 281 - 290

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

A introdução de uma variedade cítrica numa nova área baseia-se principalmente na adaptação edafoclimática associada às propriedades físico-químicas dos frutos, necessitando de mais estudos sobre os aspectos sensoriais para conhecer as preferências do consumidor. Desta forma, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a aceitação de laranjas ‘Navelina’ [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osb.] pelos consumidores e a intenção de compra, através da análise sensorial. Após colheita, foram analisadas as características físico-químicas dos frutos. Seguidamente, 131 julgadores, não treinados, foram questionados para avaliar as amostras da laranja ‘Navelina’, através do teste de aceitação realizado em cabines individuais com luz branca, de acordo com os atributos sensoriais do fruto: aparência, firmeza, aroma e sabor. No final, foi também questionado a intenção de compra do fruto. Os dados foram submetidos à Análise em Componentes Principais para descrever os resultados e o mapeamento das preferências interna. De acordo com os resultados, os frutos da Navelina apresentam excelentes atributos sensoriais e características físico-químicas associadas ao aspecto sem sementes, exigidas pelos consumidores que expressam alta preferência pelo seus frutos, principalmente em relação aos atributos de aparência e sabor, atendendo aos requisitos do mercado consumidor.

The introduction of citrus variety in new areas is mainly based on the edaphic and climatic adaptation linked to the physical-chemical properties of the fruits, requiring more studies about the sensory aspects to comprehend the consumer preferences. In this way, the aim of this study was to evaluate the acceptance of ‘Navelina’ [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osb.] navel oranges by consumers and the purchase intent, through sensory evaluation. To perform the harvest, the fruits were first analyzed in relation to the physical-chemical characteristics. Then, 131 untrained panelists representing the consumers were asked to evaluate samples of ‘Navelina’ through the acceptance test performed in individual booths with white light, according to the fruit attributes: appearance, firmness, aroma and taste. At the end, they were asked about the purchase intent of the fruit. The data was subjected to the Principal Component Analyses in order to describe the results and internal preference mapping. According to the results, the ‘Navelina’ fruits present excellent sensory attributes and physical-chemical characteristics associated to the seedless aspect, which are required by the consumers whose express high preference for its fruits, mainly based in the attributes of appearance and taste, attending to the standard requirements of the consumer market.

https://doi.org/10.19084/rca.17171 317 downloads

10.

Responses of antioxidant enzymes, photosynthetic pigments and carbohydrates in micropropagated Pitcairnia encholirioides L.B. Sm. (Bromeliaceae) under ex vitro water deficit and after rehydration
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Resende, C. F.

; Pacheco, V. S.

; Dornellas, F. F.

; Oliveira, A. M. S.

; Freitas, J. C. E.

; Peixoto, P. H. P.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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jan 2019, Volume 79 N. 1 Pages 53 - 62

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Neste estudo, foram avaliadas as atividades de enzimas antioxidantes, pigmentos fotossintéticos, conteúdo de prolina e carboidratos em Pitcairnia encholirioides sob déficit hídrico em condições ex vitro. Os resultados mostraram que as plantas sob estresse hídrico progressivo, previamente cultivadas in vitro em meio de cultura suplementado com 30 g L-1 de sacarose e GA3 acumularam mais prolina e aumentaram a atividade da peroxidase (POD) e os teores de pigmentos fotossintéticos e carboidratos. Para plantas previamente cultivadas in vitro com 15 g L-1 de sacarose e ANA, não foram encontradas diferenças nos conteúdos de prolina e houve reduções nas atividades da peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT) e polifenoloxidase (PPO), e no conteúdo de carboidratos, com o progresso do déficit hídrico ex vitro. Após a reidratação, as plantas apresentaram recuperação fisiológica, com atividades enzimáticas e conteúdo de metabólitos semelhantes aos encontrados nos controles não sujeitos à desidratação, independentemente das condições de cultivo in vitro. Estes resultados mostram que P. encholirioides micropropagada tem alta tolerância à desidratação uma vez em condições ex vitro, o que pode garantir a sobrevivência de plantas provenientes da cultura de tecidos quando transferidas para seu ambiente natural, enfatizando a importância desta biotecnologia para a propagação de espécies ameaçadas.

Abstract In this study, the activities of antioxidant enzymes, photosynthetic pigments, proline and carbohydrate contents in Pitcairnia encholirioides under ex vitro conditions of water deficit were evaluated. Results show that plants under progressive water stress, previously in vitro cultured in media supplemented with 30 g L-1 sucrose and GA3, accumulated more proline and increased peroxidase (POD) activity and the contents of photosynthetic pigments and carbohydrates. For plants previously in vitro cultured with 15 g L-1 sucrose and NAA, no differences were found for proline content and there were reductions in activities of peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT) and poliphenoloxidase (PPO), and in contents of carbohydrates, with progress of ex vitro water deficit. After rehydration, plants showed physiological recovery, with enzymatic activities and contents of metabolites similar to those found in the controls not submitted to dehydration, regardless of the previous in vitro culture conditions. These results show that micropropagated P. encholirioides has high tolerance to dehydration once in ex vitro conditions, which can ensure the survival of plants from tissue culture when transferred to its natural environment, emphasizing the importance of such biotechnology for the propagation of endangered species.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.175284 833 downloads

11.

Potencial alelopático do extrato foliar de Poincianella pyramidalis (Tul.) L. P. Queiroz e de Mimosa tenuiflora Willd. sobre a germinação de sementes de Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth.
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Medeiros, Josenilda A. D. de

; Correia, Luiz A. S.

; Santos, Fernando A.

; Ferrari, Cibele S.

; Pacheco, Mauro V.

Revista de Ciências Agrárias

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dec 2018, Volume 41 N. 4 Pages 171 - 180

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

O objetivo deste trabalho consistiu em avaliar o potencial alelopático de Poincianella pyramidalis e Mimosa tenuiflora sobre a qualidade fisiológica de sementes e plântulas de Mimosa caesalpiniifolia. A sementeira foi realizada em solo esterilizado, umedecido com extrato foliar aquoso 0, 25, 50, 75 e 100 g L-1 e acondicionados em germinador a 25 ºC e fotoperíodo de 12 horas. Foram avaliadas a germinação, primeira contagem e velocidade de germinação, comprimento e massa seca da parte aérea e da raiz. Com o aumento da concentração dos extratos de P. pyramidalis, observou-se efeito alelopático negativo para primeira contagem, IVG, comprimento da parte aérea. A germinação e comprimento da parte aérea apresentaram redução a partir de 75 g L-1 do extrato de M. tenuiflora. Observou-se declínio da massa seca da parte aérea com o aumento da concentração do extrato. O extrato de P. pyramidalis não afeta a porcentagem de germinação das sementes de M. caesalpiniifolia, mas exerce efeito negativo sobre a qualidade fisiológica das plântulas desta espécie. O extrato de M. tenuiflora afeta negativamente a germinação e o crescimento inicial de plântulas de M. caesalpiniifolia a partir de 75 g L-1.

The objective of this work was to evaluate the allelopathic potential of Poincianella pyramidalis and Mimosa tenuiflora on the physiological quality of Mimosa caesalpiniifolia seeds and seedlings. The sowing was carried out in sterilized soil and moistened with the aqueous leaf extract 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 g L-1 and conditioned in germinator at 25 ºC and photoperiod of 12 hours. Germination, first count and germination speed, length and dry mass of shoots and roots were evaluated. When the concentration of the extracts of P. pyramidalis was increased, it was observed a negative allelopathic effect for first counting, GSI, shoot length. The germination and length of the aerial part showed reduction from 75 g L-1 extract of M. tenuiflora. The dry mass of the shoot was observed to decline as the concentrations were elevated. The extract of P. pyramidalis does not affect the germination of M. caesalpiniifolia seeds, however it exerts a negative effect on the physiological quality of the seedlings of this species. The extract of M. tenuiflora negatively affects germination and initial seedling growth of M. caesalpiniifolia from 75 g L-1.

https://doi.org/10.19084/RCA18133 595 downloads

12.

Tratamento térmico úmido em sementes de Acacia mangium
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Araújo, Fernando dos S.

; Sousa, Nelto A. de

; Alves, Emanoel da C.

; Farias, Otilia R. de

; Nascimento, Luciana C. do

; Bruno, Riselane de L. A.

; Pacheco, Mauro V.

Revista de Ciências Agrárias

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sep 2018, Volume 41 N. 3 Pages 121 - 130

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Acacia mangium Willd. é uma espécie arbórea, exótica, que possui potencial para exploração de produtos florestais madeireiros no Brasil. Como esta se propaga, principalmente, via sexuada torna-se relevante o tratamento fitossanitário das sementes destinadas à produção de mudas. Assim, este estudo objetivou avaliar os efeitos do tratamento térmico via calor úmido na qualidade sanitária e fisiológica de sementes de A. mangium. Para tanto, as sementes foram tratadas em água aquecida à temperatura de 70ºC durante os períodos de exposição de 0, 10, 15 e 20 minutos. Em seguida, as mesmas foram submetidas à análise sanitária e ao teste de germinação. Com base na análise sanitária os fungos dos gêneros Aspergillus sp., Penicillium sp., Pestalotia sp., Cladosporium sp., Alternaria sp., Fusarium sp. e Botrytis sp.estavam associados às sementes. O tratamento térmico com calor úmido à temperatura de 70°C durante 10 a 15 minutos de exposição superou a dormência e reduziu a ocorrência de fungos associados às sementes de A. mangium.

Acacia mangium Willd. is an arboreal and exotic species, which has potential for exploitation of timber products in Brazil. As it spreads mainly through sexual reproduction, it becomes relevant the phytosanitary treatment of seeds for the production of seedlings. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of thermal treatment humid heat on health and physiological quality of A. mangium seeds. Thus, the seeds were thermal treated in water heated to 70° C during 0, 10, 15 and 20 minutes of exposure. Then, the seeds were subjected to germination test and seed health. The seed health analysis revealed that fungi of the genre Aspergillus sp., Penicillium sp., Pestalotia sp., Cladosporium sp., Alternaria sp., Fusarium sp. and Botrytis sp., were associated with seeds. The thermal treatment with humid heat at a temperature of 70°C for 10 to 15 minutes of exposure overcame the physical dormancy of seeds of A. mangium and reduced occurrence of fungal species.

https://doi.org/10.19084/RCA17023 906 downloads

13.

Anesthetic complications in diabetic dogs subjected to phacoemulsification
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Pacheco, Paula F.

; Galeazzi, Viviane S.

; Patrício, Geni C.F.

; Flôr, Patrícia B.

; Safatle, Angélica V.

; Cortopassi, Silvia R.G.

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira

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jul 2018, Volume 38 N. 7 Pages 1423 - 1430

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: O objetivo do presente estudo foi comparar a incidência de complicações anestésicas em cães diabéticos e não diabéticos submetidos a cirurgia de facoemulsificação. Foram utilizados 30 cães, machos ou fêmeas de diversas raças. Os cães foram distribuídos em dois grupos: diabético (GD) (n=15) e controle (GC) (n=15). Os animais foram pré-tratados com acepromazina (0,03mg/kg) e meperidina (4mg/kg), pela via intramuscular. Após 20 minutos, a indução foi realizada com propofol (2 a 5mg/kg) e a manutenção da anestesia com isofluorano. Os animais foram monitorados e as variáveis de frequência cardíaca, frequência respiratória, saturação oxihemoglobina periférica, concentração dióxido de carbono no final da expiração, fração inspirada e expirada de isofluorano e pressão arterial invasiva, foram registradas em intervalos de 10 minutos durante o procedimento cirúrgico. A hemogasometria arterial foi realizada após a indução (T0) e ao final do procedimento cirúrgico (T40). A idade dos animais do grupo diabético (10±2 anos) foi superior em relação aos animais do grupo controle (6±2 anos) (p<0,0001). A concentração expirada de isofluorano após a indução foi 30% superior nos animais do grupo controle (GC 1,3±0,3%, GD 1,0±0,2%) (p<0,01). A complicação anestésica mais comum foi a hipotensão arterial, 80% dos animais diabéticos (n=12) apresentaram pressão arterial média inferior a 60mmHg (54±9.6 mmHg) após indução anestésica; 83% dos cães hipotensos (n=10) necessitaram de fármacos vasoativos para tratamento da hipotensão. Com relação às alterações hemodinâmicas, os pacientes diabéticos submetidos à anestesia geral foram mais propensos à hipotensão arterial que pode ser decorrente da resposta dos animais mais velhos aos fármacos empregados; entretanto essa alteração merece maior investigação.

ABSTRACT: The aim of this paper was to compare the incidence of anesthetic complications in diabetic and nondiabetic dogs subjected to phacoemulsification. In total, 30 male and female dogs of different breeds were used. The dogs were distributed into two groups: diabetic (DG) (n=15) and control (CG) (n=15). The animals were premedicated with acepromazine (0.03mg/kg) and meperidine (4mg/kg), intramuscularly. After 20 minutes, anesthesia was induced with propofol (2 to 5mg/kg) and maintained with isoflurane. The animals were monitored and the heart rate, respiratory rate, peripheral oxyhemoglobin saturation, end tidal carbon dioxide tension, inspired and expired isoflurane fraction, and invasive arterial pressure were recorded at 10 minute intervals during the surgical procedure. Arterial hemogasometry was performed after anesthetic induction (T0) and at the end of the surgical procedure. Diabetic patients (DG 10±2 years) were older than non-diabetic group (CG 6±2 years). The expired isoflurane fraction after induction was 30% higher in the control group (CG 1.3±0.3%, DG 1.0±0.2%) (p<0.01). The most common anesthetic complication was hypotension. In total, 80% of the diabetic animals (n=12) exhibited mean arterial pressure (MAP) lower than 60mmHg (54±9.6mmHg) after anesthetic induction, and 83% of the hypotensive dogs (n=10) required vasoactive drugs to treat hypotension. Regarding hemodynamic changes, diabetic patients subjected to general anesthesia were more likely to exhibit hypotension which may be due to the response of older animals to the drugs used; however, this change deserves further investigation.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-5222 2117 downloads

14.

Testes bioquímicos de integridade de membranas na avaliação do vigor de sementes de Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth.
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Avelino, Mirella C. S.

; Felix, Francival C.

; Silva, Katiane R. G.

; Araújo, Fernando S.

; Pacheco, Mauro V.

Revista de Ciências Agrárias

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mar 2018, Volume 41 N. 1 Pages 101 - 110

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Os testes bioquímicos baseados na integridade de membranas são importantes na verificação do potencial fisiológico de lotes de sementes. Assim, este trabalho teve por objetivo determinar a viabilidade de testes bioquímicos de condutividade elétrica e de lixiviação de potássio na avaliação do vigor de sementes de Mimosa caesalpiniifolia. No teste de condutividade elétrica utilizaram-se duas amostras de sementes (25 e 50), dois volumes de água deionizada (50 e 75 mL), duas temperaturas (25 e 30 ºC) e cinco períodos de embebição (4, 8, 12, 16 e 24-h). Nos testes de condutividade elétrica e lixiviação de potássio, cinco lotes de sementes foram embebidos separadamente durante 4 e 8-h à temperatura de 30 °C. Os testes bioquímicos de condutividade elétrica e de lixiviação de potássio mostraram ser eficientes na avaliação do vigor de sementes de M. caesalpiniifolia, quando realizados com 25 sementes imersas em 50 mL de água deionizada, durante 8-h à temperatura de 30 °C.

Biochemical tests based on membrane integrity are important in selecting the physiological potential of seed lots. Thus, the objective of this work was to adapt methodologies of biochemical tests of electric conduction and potassium leaching in the evaluation of the vigor of Mimosa caesalpiniifolia seeds. Two quantity of seeds (25 and 50), two volumes of deionized water (50 and 75 mL), two temperatures (25 and 30 °C) and five soaking periods (4, 8, 12, 16 and 24-h) where used for the validity of electrical conductivity test. The potash leaching test was carried out with five seed lots in the periods of 4 and 8-h of soaking under a temperature of 30 °C. The biochemical tests of electric conduction and potassium leaching were efficient in the evaluation of vigor of M. caesalpiniifolia seeds, when 25 seeds were immersed in 50 mL of deionized water, during a period of 8-h at 30 °C.

https://doi.org/10.19084/RCA17229 1195 downloads

15.

Physicochemical and mechanical study of Mayan Archeological stony constructive materials
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Ley-Paredes, V. J.

; Cervantes-Uc, J. M.

; Perez-Pacheco, E.

; Ríos-Soberanis, C. R.

; Wakayama, S.

Journal of applied research and technology

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2018, Volume 16 N. 4 Pages 287 - 298

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Mayan civilization monumental architecture has been a vital source of information to gain acknowledgement about its way of life, science and political hierarchy; consequently, examination of constructive materials of Mayan structures by using materials science characterization techniques are noteworthy. This work focuses on the study and characterization of archeological stony materials taken from the main structure on Witzinah archeological site located south of Yucatan, Mexico, in order to determine its constituted elements and chemical components. Such materials were observed under scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to establish, in accord to its micro-structural patterns, the porosity and morphology, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) to determine the chemical compounds. Calorimetric analysis through TGA was carried out in order to identify the presence of organic elements as well as Infrared analysis (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) to detect polymeric components. Preliminary results indicated that mortars contain saturated fats (esters) that were possibly originated by degradation of natural polymer (elastomeric rubber) known as polyisoprene as well as nano-clay material named Palygorskita (typified in Maya as Sak lu’um), and that both had a direct influence on the properties of the evaluated mortars used for the construction of the site Principal Building.

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